CN103693910B - The plant cover concrete of Promoting plant growth - Google Patents
The plant cover concrete of Promoting plant growth Download PDFInfo
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- CN103693910B CN103693910B CN201310654013.6A CN201310654013A CN103693910B CN 103693910 B CN103693910 B CN 103693910B CN 201310654013 A CN201310654013 A CN 201310654013A CN 103693910 B CN103693910 B CN 103693910B
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Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of plant cover concrete adopting the slope protection greening of polymer aggregate technology special, it is characterized in that: material composition comprises cement, local soil, vegetable fibre, polyacrylamide soil modifying agent, granule agent, black soil of Northeast China, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser, soil stabilizer and water.Black soil of Northeast China, soil stabilizer, granule agent is with the addition of in the formula of plant cover concrete, when ensureing plant cover concrete self character, adding concrete fertilizer, stability, being more of value to the growth of plant, and the interpolation of granule agent, add the hole of concrete formation, give the growing space that plant is larger, simultaneously, by with the addition of fine steel rib, add its solidify after intensity, providing nutritive ingredient by adding the growth that Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is seed, promoting that it grows.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Ecological Restoration Project technical field, particularly relate to a kind of plant cover concrete of novel Promoting plant growth.
Background technology
The research of plant cover concrete comes from early 1990s, on Japanese early start research greening coagulation, has applied for patent, and has set up concrete structure and Greening Design studies carefully the council.20 the end of the century U.S. with Europe etc. developed country also in succession carried out the research of plant cover concrete.
The development and application of China's plant cover concrete more and more comes into one's own, and on the slope-protecting vegetation coagulation of Beijing Municipal Urban Construction Engineering Institute's development, is made up of cement, stone, sand, haydite, water.Water conservancy real company in Jilin Province's utilizes the useless masonry of building to do aggregate, under developing a kind of prerequisite keeping original protection function, the environment-friendly type concrete revetment material that grass planting can be made well to grow, is studied the supply of the element on plant cover concrete needed for plant and element simultaneously.
At present, plant cover concrete goods are widely used, but plant cover concrete is truly most or under test, plant cover concrete needs extraordinary low alkali binding material, need the necessary space of applicable plant-growth, nutrient and moisture, and require the weather resistance of plant cover concrete and the operability of vegetation multiple cropping thereof.
The application of polymer aggregate technology for recovering vegetation in developed country's side slope protection has longer history, and its technology existing has developed to obtain comparative maturity.Spray slope protection greening technology and result from UK and USA the earliest, but large-scale development application is in Japan.
Englishman has invented injection emulsified bitumen and plant seed spray seeding technique the beginning of the fifties in last century, within 1958, this technology imports Japan into, through test of many times, have developed practical injection greening technique---asphalt emulsion mulch film health greening technique, and for Nagoya---in the expressway slope afforestation project of Kobe.At the beginning of the sixties, Japan has introduced spray seeder from the U.S. and has sprayed dedicated fiber, and hydraulic seeding technique (Japan claims seed spreading method) advanced at that time has also been used in Nagoya---in the expressway slope afforestation project of Kobe.1973, Japan developed fiber soil greening method, the process employs fiber, sandy soil and cement, and sprays in step.The method has larger defect, mainly initial stage pH value too high, easily corrode, spray-up water conservation, fertilizer conservation poor performance.
1989, Guangdong water conservancy and hydropower Science Institute introduced polymer aggregate Revegetation spray seeding technique from Hong Kong.Start to carry out studying and testing at highway rock matter roadbed side slope.2000, Guangdong Province's He Hui motorway started to have carried out testing and obtaining successfully to rock matter roadbed side slope greening protection with Seed spraying technology.In recent years, some scientific researches of China and unit in charge of construction as: the patented technology also developing greatly oneself is handed in SanXia University, southwest.These technology large-scale application in engineering practice.
Flowers and plants and traditional concrete, the two all because of of close concern to each other with the mankind, is all widely used, ubiquitous.But, both the flowers and plants inseparable with human interests and traditional concrete itself, then because of its respective characteristic, be but in for a long time conflicting with opposition among: flowers and plants cannot survive on concrete, and concrete place of arrival, and also flowers and plants are all gone out.
Novelty of the present invention polymer aggregate technology and plant cover concrete are combined, black soil of Northeast China is with the addition of in the formula of plant cover concrete, soil stabilizer, the agent of super absorbent resin granule, when ensureing plant cover concrete self character, add concrete fertilizer, stability, more be of value to the growth of plant, and the interpolation of granule agent, add the hole of concrete formation, growth for plant provides larger space, simultaneously, by adding fine steel rib, add its solidify after intensity, by adding Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, for the growth of seed provides nutritive ingredient, promote that it grows, increase concrete pore, reduce its alkalescence, final plant survival rate can reach more than 95%.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the special plant cover concrete of a kind of novel polymer aggregate technology slope protection greening; it is by flowers and plants and concrete unification; while the concrete characteristic of improvement; change the situation of not long every tree and every blade of grass on concrete; concrete works can do greening; this is the needs expanding greenery patches, is also the needs of improvement and protection of the environment and ecology.Black soil of Northeast China, soil stabilizer, granule agent is with the addition of in the formula of plant cover concrete, under the prerequisite ensureing plant cover concrete self character, add concrete fertilizer, stability, more be of value to the growth of plant, and the interpolation of granule agent, add the hole of concrete formation, growth for plant provides larger space, simultaneously, by adding fine steel rib, add its solidify after intensity, by adding Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, for the growth of seed provides nutritive ingredient, promote that it grows.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of plant cover concrete of Promoting plant growth, its material composition comprises cement, local soil, vegetable fibre, polyacrylamide soil modifying agent, granule agent, black soil of Northeast China, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser, soil stabilizer and water.
Wherein, in described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 1 ~ 2 weight part, local soil 12 ~ 13 weight part, vegetable fibre 2 ~ 3 weight part, polyacrylamide soil modifying agent 1 ~ 2 weight part, granule agent 0.1 ~ 0.32 weight part, fine steel rib 1 ~ 2 weight part, organic compost 3 ~ 5 weight part, plant seed 1 ~ 2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 1 ~ 3 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, soil stabilizer 1 weight part ~ 2 weight part, water 3 ~ 4 weight part.
Wherein, described soil improvement agent is polyacrylamide/attapulgite clay compounded resin.
Wherein, the preparation method of described soil improvement agent is specially:
The first step, attapulgite organic modification, getting 400g attapulgite, to be suspended in 4L concentration be 0.01g/ml
-1cetyl trimethyl ammonia bromide ethanol solution in, suction filtration stir 8h under the constant temperature of 70 DEG C after, subsequently with the quaternary ammonium salt that a large amount of alcohol flushing is free, Solid separate is dry and grind under the vacuum condition of 40 DEG C, obtains the attapulgite organised;
Second step, 700g acryloyl ammonium is joined in reaction vessel, adds the water dissolution of 2L, dissolve and completely, to add the attapulgite organised and 25gN prepared by the 70g the first step, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide, be warming up to 40 DEG C and add 30g ammonium persulphate reaction 3h, then add the NaOH solution that 2L volumetric molar concentration is 1mol/L, be warming up to after 95 DEG C of saponification 1h. reaction terminates, product with methylalcohol/solution washing, dry at 70 DEG C to constant weight, pulverize, cross 40 ~ 80 order mesh screens.
Wherein, described soil stabilizer is one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, octanol, acrylamide, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, sodium bisulfite.
Wherein, the preparation method of described granule agent is specially:
The first step, the gelatinization of starch, by 750g W-Gum and the mixing of 15L distilled water, under the condition of nitrogen protection, carries out gelatinization 0.5h, is then cooled to 30 DEG C under the condition of 85 DEG C;
Second step, gets 5g ammonium persulphate and 5g sodium bisulfite is dissolved in 1L distilled water, is configured to initiator solution;
3rd step, adds 300ml initiator, then drips 600g vinylformic acid and 1800g acrylamide, finally add the DMF of 10g, react at 40 DEG C in the pasted starch that the first step obtains;
4th step, product adds 8L ethanol and separates out to white precipitate, and filter, product quality is than ethanol: the mixed solution of water=1:1 washs 3 times, dries to constant weight under the vacuum condition of 50 DEG C, obtains product.
Wherein, the bulk drug of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent comprises Radix Codonopsis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi, dragon's paw dish, the stem of noble dendrobium, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, Chinese ephedra, Japanese Honeysuckle, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit, the tuber of stemona, Conyza japonica and loranthus parasiticus.
Wherein, the weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 45 weight part ~ 55 weight part, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, dragon's paw dish 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, the stem of noble dendrobium 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, Chinese ephedra 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Japanese Honeysuckle 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, the tuber of stemona 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Conyza japonica 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part and loranthus parasiticus 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part.
Wherein, the preparation method of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially:
By described each raw material medicaments in part by weight mixing, adding relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 3 ~ 4 times is the ethanol of 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, it is the ethanol of 95% that filter residue adds relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 2 ~ 3 times again, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, concentrated removing ethanol, drying, obtains Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the special plant cover concrete of a kind of slope protection greening, be specially: described each feed composition is mixed in proportion, send in stirrer and stir, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
Now domestic in the direct engineer applied of plant cover concrete, it is too much that the amount of cement can not be added, and in concrete, highly basic and high strength are not easy to germination and the growth of seed; Cement adds very little, and concrete strength is inadequate, and weather resistance can be extremely low.In engineering practice in early days, plant survival rate can only reach 35% ~ 50%.The present invention with the addition of black soil of Northeast China in plant cover concrete, soil stabilizer, granule agent, when ensureing plant cover concrete self character, add concrete fertilizer, stability, more be of value to the growth of plant, and the interpolation of granule agent, add the hole of concrete formation, the growth of plant provides larger space, simultaneously, by adding fine steel rib, add its solidify after intensity, by adding Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, for the growth of seed provides nutritive ingredient, promote that it grows, increase concrete pore, final plant survival rate can reach more than 95%.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the infrared spectrum of polyacrylamide soil modifying agent, in figure, a-attapulgite clay; The attapulgite that b-organises; C-polyacrylamide-attapulgite clay; D-polyacrylamide soil modifying agent;
Fig. 2: the infrared spectra of granule agent.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of plant cover concrete of the Promoting plant growth adopting the slope protection greening of polymer aggregate technology special, its material composition comprises cement, local soil, vegetable fibre, polyacrylamide soil modifying agent, granule agent, black soil of Northeast China, fine steel rib, organic compost, plant seed, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent, alkaline neutraliser, soil stabilizer and water.
Further preferably, described plant cover concrete is only made up of above-mentioned raw materials.
In described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 1 ~ 2 weight part, local soil 12 ~ 13 weight part, vegetable fibre 2 ~ 3 weight part, polyacrylamide soil modifying agent 1 ~ 2 weight part, granule agent 0.1 ~ 0.32 weight part, fine steel rib 1 ~ 2 weight part, organic compost 3 ~ 5 weight part, plant seed 1 ~ 2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 1 ~ 3 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 0.5 ~ 1.5 weight part, soil stabilizer 1 weight part ~ 2 weight part and water 3 ~ 4 weight part.
In further preferred described plant cover concrete, the weight part of each raw material is respectively cement 2 weight part, soil 13 weight part, vegetable fibre 3 weight part, polyacrylamide soil modifying agent 2 weight part, granule agent 0.3 weight part, fine steel rib 1 weight part, organic compost 4, plant seed 2 weight part, Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 2 weight part, alkaline neutraliser 1 weight part, soil stabilizer 1 weight part, water 4 weight part.
Described plant seed can be locust tree, parthenocissus, green grass etc.
Described alkaline neutraliser can be citric acid or oxalic acid.
Adopt soil improvement agent can improve the seedling rate of crop germination, promote growing of crop, the final output improving crop, described soil improvement agent is polyacrylamide/attapulgite clay compounded resin.
The preparation method of described soil improvement agent is specially:
The first step, attapulgite organic modification, getting 400g attapulgite, to be suspended in 4L concentration be 0.01g/ml
-1cetyl trimethyl ammonia bromide ethanol solution in, suction filtration stir 8h under the constant temperature of 70 DEG C after, subsequently with the quaternary ammonium salt that a large amount of alcohol flushing is free, Solid separate is dry and grind under the vacuum condition of 40 DEG C, obtains the attapulgite organised;
Second step, 700g acryloyl ammonium is joined in reaction vessel, adds the water dissolution of 2L, dissolve and completely, to add the attapulgite organised and 25gN prepared by the 70g the first step, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide, be warming up to 40 DEG C and add 30g ammonium persulphate reaction 3h, then add the NaOH solution that 2L volumetric molar concentration is 1mol/L, be warming up to after 95 DEG C of saponification 1h. reaction terminates, product with methylalcohol/solution washing, dry at 70 DEG C to constant weight, pulverize, cross 40 ~ 80 order mesh screens.
The preparation method of described organic compost is specially:
The first step, fully mixes municipal sludge, discarded plant and feces of livestock and poultry according to weight proportion, and the water ratio regulating mixture is that 45% ~ 50%, C/N ratio controls at 20:1 ~ 30:1;
Second step, puts into enclosed space by mixture and ferments first, and fermentation time is 14h ~ 20h, and initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min ~ 20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ minm
3, continue 10d ~ 15d, subsequently the product of acquisition is placed on outdoor, turning every day 1 time, obtains organic compost after the 18d ~ 20d that banks up.
Organic compost prepared by the present invention also can adopt conventional compost method to obtain.
Described discarded plant can be that straw, stem are climing, weeds, plant defoliation etc.
Described feces of livestock and poultry can be the ight soil of the livestock and poultry such as pig, chicken, duck, goose.
Herbal medicine includes the multiple nutritional components needed for plant, has miscellaneous carbohydrate, organic acid, protein, nucleic acid, enzyme and coenzyme, the nutritive ingredient such as VITAMIN and mineral substance.It, by the activation intrinsic disease-resistant gene of plant self and good development gene, gives full play to the potential that plant self is intrinsic, reaches the combined effect of growth-promoting, growth encourage, strong sprout, disease-resistant, imperial worm, volume increase.
The bulk drug of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent comprises Radix Codonopsis, the bighead atractylodes rhizome, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi, dragon's paw dish, the stem of noble dendrobium, Fructus Cnidii, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust, Chinese ephedra, Japanese Honeysuckle, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit, the tuber of stemona, Conyza japonica and loranthus parasiticus.
Further, described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is only made up of above-mentioned raw materials medicine.
The weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 45 weight part ~ 55 weight part, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, dragon's paw dish 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, the stem of noble dendrobium 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 35 weight part ~ 45 weight part, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 25 weight part ~ 35 weight part, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part, Chinese ephedra 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Japanese Honeysuckle 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 20 weight part ~ 30 weight part, the tuber of stemona 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part, Conyza japonica 15 weight part ~ 25 weight part and loranthus parasiticus 10 weight part ~ 20 weight part.
Further preferably, the weight part of described each bulk drug is respectively Radix Codonopsis 50 weight part, the bighead atractylodes rhizome 40 weight part, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 25 weight part, dragon's paw dish 30 weight part, the stem of noble dendrobium 30 weight part, Fructus Cnidii 40 weight part, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 30 weight part, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 20 weight part, Chinese ephedra 15 weight part, Japanese Honeysuckle 25 weight part, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 25 weight part, the tuber of stemona 15 weight part, Conyza japonica 20 weight part and loranthus parasiticus 15 weight part.
In described bulk drug, each component pharmacology is as follows:
Radix Codonopsis: taste is sweet, property is put down, and returns lung, the spleen channel, has tonifying Qi benefit spleen, the symptoms such as effect of nourishing blood to promote the production of body fluid, cures mainly spleen-lung Qi deficiency or qi-blood deficiency fatigue and weakness, breathes hard, cough spontaneous perspiration, tonifying spleen nourishing the stomach is longer than by Radix Codonopsis, adjust regulating the function of middle-JIAO, have the effect of nourishing blood concurrently, its property put down, invigorating the spleen fortune and not dry; Flavour is cloudy and do not wet, and can improve the immunological status of body, improves resistance against diseases, and promoting digestion absorbs, and improves metabolism, promotes that enteron aisle is to the absorption of nutritive substance.
The bighead atractylodes rhizome: taste is sweet, bitter, warm in nature, enters spleen, stomach warp, has tonifying spleen profit gas, eliminating dampness Li Shui, strengthening superficial resistance to stop perspiration, the effect of moisturizing of fortune spleen, is mainly used in the caused ruffian of dysfunction of the spleen in transportation, QI failing to transform into body fluid and has one's mind filled with and rush down, phlegm and retained fluid oedema; The vexed lazyness speech of the deficiency of qi in middle-jiao, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis, proctoptosis with chronic dysentery; The cards such as solid in the playing of deficiency of the spleen causing weakness of QI, abnormal sweating spontaneous perspiration.
Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi: latin name SpatholobiCaulis, bitter, sweet, warm in nature, enter liver, kidney channel, there is vasodilation, enrich blood and invigorate blood circulation, menstruation regulating, the effect of stimulating the circulation of the blood and cause the muscles and joints to relax, there is obvious restraining effect to platelet aggregation, promote animal kidney and the total phosphorus metabolism in uterus, be mainly used in treating the menoxenia that the deficiency of blood has silt, limbs pain is meciless, the card such as soreness of the waist and knees, pain.
Dragon's paw dish: taste is sweet, micro-puckery, cool in nature, have removing toxic substances, diuresis, effect of expelling parasite, cures mainly rheumatic arthritis, urinary tract infections, parasitosis.
The stem of noble dendrobium: latin name DendrobiiCaulis, cold nature, taste is sweet, returns stomach, kidney channel, has reinforcing stomach reg fluid, and nourishing Yin and clearing heat effect cures mainly the moon and hinders body fluid deficiency, dry polydipsia, and food is few retches, abnormal heat after being ill, and order is secretly not clear waits card.
Fructus Cnidii: latin name CnidiiFructus, taste is pungent, bitter, warm in nature, enters kidney channel, has warming the kidney to invigorate YANG, removing dampness and killing parasites, the effect of dispellingging wind and arresting itching, and the impotence in male caused for kidney yang deficiency, woman Gong Leng are infertile, under cold-dampness band or the card such as waist knee crymodynia.
Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi: latin name AcanthopanacisSenticosiRadixetRhizomaseuCaulis, taste is pungent, bitter, micro-sweet, warm in nature, enter spleen, kidney, the heart channel of Hang-Shaoyin, have and replenish qi to invigorate the spleen, tonify the kidney to relieve mental strain, the effect of dispelling rheumatism, soft for arthralgia due to wind-cold-dampness pathogen BI syndrome, lumbocrural pain, muscles and bones impotence, be slow in action, the card such as body void is thin and weak, wound, fracture, oedema, beriberi, uncontrolled urination are itched.
Spine of Chinese Honeylocust: taste is pungent, warm in nature, return lung channel, cure mainly swollen ulcer drug, scrofula, sore rash stubborn dermatitis, puerperal hypogalactia, retention of placenta, the cards such as pestilence wind.
Chinese ephedra: pungent, the micro-hardship of taste, warm in nature, enter lung, urinary bladder channel, have and send out cold inducing sweat, freeing lung and relieving asthma, the effect of inducing diuresis to remove edema, is mainly used in the exterior excess syndromes such as the fever without perspiration of catching cold; Rheumatic numbness pain; Pathogenic cold attacking the lung or accumulation of heat in the lung are to coughing the cards such as inverse, oedema, dysuria of breathing.
Japanese Honeysuckle: taste is sweet, cold in nature, enters the heart, lung, stomach, large intestine channel, has clearing heat and detoxicating effect, doublely can remove heat from the blood and relieve diarrhea.Be mainly used in affection of exogenous wind-heat, the hot poison of febrile disease is comparatively contained, or when warm disease is still not descending at the part of the body cavity above the diaphragm housing the heart and lungs from the beginning of heat evil; The malicious diarrhea of heat, the lower blood of stool; Heat temperature is demonstrate,proved; The sore carbuncle that hot poison gathers is from the beginning of the, inflammation heat person of swelling and ache etc., and Japanese Honeysuckle has good antipyretic effect, and energy anti-inflammatory, what control inflammation oozes out and inflammatory hyperplasia, can promote leukocytic phagocytic function, has stronger bacteriostatic action to multiple pyococcus and pathogen enterobacteria.
Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit: bitter, cold in nature, returns liver, small intestine, urinary bladder channel, have soothing the liverly to expel the heat-evil, effects of promoting the circulation of QI to relieve pain, cure mainly pathogenic fire derived from stagnation of liver-QI, the chest side of body, play the cards such as abdominal distention and pain, hernia pain, abdominal pain due to worm stagnation.
The tuber of stemona: taste is sweet, bitter, slightly warm in nature enters lung channel, have and moisten the lung and relieve the cough, the effect of delousing desinsection, tuber of stemona temperature embellishes but not dry, and property is kept and do not walk, there is out again the merit of drop-down gas, be mainly used in newly all for a long time coughing, be especially suitable for the hot chronic cough person of labor, the modern times are used for the cough preventing and treating chronic bronchitis, the dry cough of pulmonary tuberculosis, the cards such as Whooping cough.
Conyza japonica: bitter, pungent, cold in nature, have clearing away heat to and alleviating pain, effect of dispelling pathogenic wind and eliminating phlegm, cures mainly laryngitis, pneumonia, swelling and pain in the throat, the cards such as tonsillitis.
Loranthus parasiticus: bitter, sweet, property is put down, and enters liver, kidney channel, have the effect of invigorating the liver and kidney, strengthening the bones and muscles, wind-damp dispelling, antiabortive unit, for the soreness of waist pain caused by deficiency of the liver and kindey, muscles and bones impotence is soft, the foot and knee being feeble, deficiency of the liver and kindey, essence and blood void is lost, the threatened abortion of liability to abortion, the cards such as waist abdomen pain.
The preparation method of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially:
By described each raw material medicaments in part by weight mixing, adding relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 3 ~ 4 times is the ethanol of 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, it is the ethanol of 95% that filter residue adds relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 2 ~ 3 times again, heating and refluxing extraction 2 ~ 3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, concentrated removing ethanol, drying, obtains Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
Described soil stabilizer is one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, octanol, acrylamide, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, sodium bisulfite.
Described granule agent is the acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer resins of starch conversion, this agent is a kind of water-soluble organic soil conditioner, because it has stronger sedimentation and flocculation soil particle, in soil, form good crumb structure, therefore form the carrier of antiscour, antiseep.
The preparation method of described granule agent is specially:
The first step, the gelatinization of starch, by 750g W-Gum and the mixing of 15L distilled water, under the condition of nitrogen protection, carries out gelatinization 0.5h, is then cooled to 30 DEG C under the condition of 85 DEG C;
Second step, gets 5g ammonium persulphate and 5g sodium bisulfite is dissolved in 1L distilled water, is configured to initiator solution;
3rd step, adds 300ml initiator, then drips 600g vinylformic acid and 1800g acrylamide, finally add the DMF of 10g, react at 40 DEG C in the pasted starch that the first step obtains;
4th step, product adds 8L ethanol and separates out to white precipitate, and filter, product quality is than ethanol: the mixing, washing of water=1:1 3 times, dries to constant weight under the vacuum condition of 50 DEG C, obtains product.
Present invention also offers the preparation method of the special plant cover concrete of a kind of slope protection greening, be specially: described each feed composition is mixed in proportion, send in stirrer, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built.
Described soil stabilizer is one or more in sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce, polyvinyl alcohol, vinyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, octanol, acrylamide, Ammonium Persulfate 98.5, sodium bisulfite.
Below adopt embodiment to describe embodiments of the present invention in detail, to the present invention, how utilisation technology means solve technical problem whereby, and the implementation procedure reaching technique effect can fully understand and implement according to this.
The preparation of embodiment 1 organic compost
60kg municipal sludge, 40g discarded plant and 50g feces of livestock and poultry are fully mixed, the water ratio regulating mixture is 45% ~ 50%, C/N ratio controls at 20:1 ~ 30:1, mixture is put into enclosed space ferment first, fermentation time is 14h ~ 20h, initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min ~ 20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ minm
3, continue 10d ~ 15d, subsequently the product of acquisition is placed on outdoor, turning every day 1 time, obtains organic compost after the 18d ~ 20d that banks up.
The preparation of embodiment 2 Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent
By Radix Codonopsis 50g, bighead atractylodes rhizome 40g, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 25g, dragon's paw dish 30g, stem of noble dendrobium 30g, Fructus Cnidii 40g, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 30g, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 20g, Chinese ephedra 15g, Japanese Honeysuckle 25g, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 25g, tuber of stemona 15g, Conyza japonica 20g and loranthus parasiticus 15g mixing, the determining alcohol adding 0.9kg is the ethanol of 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 3 hours, filter, it is the ethanol of 95% that filter residue adds relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 3 times again, heating and refluxing extraction 3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, concentrated removing ethanol, drying, obtains Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
The preparation of embodiment 3 soil improvement agent
Getting 400g attapulgite, to be suspended in 4L concentration be 0.01g/ml
-1cetyl trimethyl ammonia bromide ethanol solution in, suction filtration stir 8h under the constant temperature of 70 DEG C after, subsequently with the quaternary ammonium salt that a large amount of alcohol flushing is free, Solid separate is dry and grind under the vacuum condition of 40 DEG C, obtain the attapulgite organised, 700g acryloyl ammonium is joined in reaction vessel, add the water dissolution of 2L, dissolve and completely, to add the attapulgite and 25gN that 70g organises, N'-methylene-bisacrylamide, be warming up to 40 DEG C and add 30g ammonium persulphate reaction 3h, then the NaOH solution that 2L volumetric molar concentration is 1mol/L is added, be warming up to 95 DEG C of reaction 1h, after reaction terminates, product with methylalcohol/solution washing, dry at 70 DEG C to constant weight, pulverize, cross 40 ~ 80 order mesh screens.
The infrared spectra KBr pressed disc method of product measures, and sees Fig. 1.
As can be seen from the FTIR spectrogram of Fig. 1 pressing potassium bromide troche, attapulgite (APT) through cetyl trimethyl ammonia bromide (HDTMABr) process after, at 2855cm
-1and 2926cm
-1there is symmetrical stretching vibration and the asymmetrical stretching vibration absorption band of C-H in place, this shows that APT is organised respectively.Can be found out, at 1564cm by the FTIR spectrogram of Fig. 1 (c) and (d)
-1and 1676cm
-1all there is-COO-absorption band (part amide group is converted into-COO-in saponification process) and amide group (I) absorption band in place; Fig. 1 (d) is at 2860cm
-1and 2927cm
-1place have also appeared C-H symmetrical stretching vibration and the asymmetrical stretching vibration absorption band of HDTMA-APT, this shows that APT and HDTMA-APT and acrylamide have carried out compound. after acrylamide compound, and the O-Si-O flexural vibration absorption band of APT and HDTMA-APT at 517cm-1 place and 1032cm
-1the Si-O stretching vibration absorption band at place moves to 512cm respectively
-1and 1038cm
-1, this illustrates that the Si-OH of APT and HDTMA2APT and acrylamide there occurs reaction.
The preparation of embodiment 4 agent
By 750g W-Gum and the mixing of 15L water, under the condition of nitrogen protection, gelatinization 0.5h is carried out under the condition of 85 DEG C, then 30 DEG C are cooled to, get 5g ammonium persulphate and 5g sodium bisulfite is dissolved in 1L water, be configured to initiator solution, 300ml initiator solution is added in the pasted starch obtained, then 600g vinylformic acid and 1800g acrylamide is dripped, finally add 10gN, dinethylformamide (N, dinethylformamide adopts dissolve with ethanol), react at 40 DEG C, product adds 8L ethanol and separates out to white precipitate, filter, product quality is than ethanol: the mixed solution of water=1:1 washs 3 times, dry under the vacuum condition of 50 DEG C to constant weight, obtain product.
The infrared spectra KBr pressed disc method of product measures, and sees Fig. 2.
As seen from the figure, at 1455cm
-1, 1557cm
-1there is carboxyl charateristic avsorption band, at 1661cm
-1, 1417cm
-1there is amide group charateristic avsorption band, prove that synthesized super absorbent resin is the binary graft copolymer of Starch-Acrylic acid-Acrylamide thus.
The preparation of embodiment 5 plant cover concrete 1
Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 20kg, alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg prepared by organic compost 40kg, green grass seed 20kg, embodiment 2 prepared by granule agent 3kg, fine steel rib 1kg, embodiment 1 prepared by soil improvement agent 20kg cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, embodiment 3 prepared, embodiment 4 and soil stabilizer sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce 10kg, water 40kg send in stirrer and stir, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete 1 to be built.
Concrete technology and construction process are:
(1) measurement of field data:
GPS mapper is used to carry out detailed data mapping and editor to all massifs needing to carry out side slope protection in scene are domatic, by the length of each section of massif, highly, the related data such as the gradient, area carries out areal survey statistics, and based on these data, completes the massif side slope protection detail of construction of each section.
(2) the massif side slope of linked network is checked and cleared up
(3) fixing anchor bar, and be welded and fixed with angle bar anchor pole: use angle bar to carry out being welded and fixed between anchor pole, first weld the anchor pole of longitudinal stress point, make angle bar be vertically fixed in face, hillside, and closely weld together with longitudinal each anchor pole, and then weld horizontal angle bar.
1. adopt 30mm × 30mm × 6000mm angle bar to carry out anchor pole welding, carry out segmentation cutting according to the domatic situation of massif.Longitudinal anchor pole weld must be firmly firm and solid.
2., after solebar angle welds, be 45 ° of one 60 ° of angles by the 30mm × 30mm × 200mm angle bar section angle of well cutting must reach with ground in advance.
When 3. welding horizontal angle bar, first welding below angle bar upwards welds gradually again, and forming station stepwise layout, for the welding of upper strata angle bar provides platform.
(4) gabion net and the layering of nutrition geotextile are laid
After solebar angle and horizontal angle bar are welded in place, in conjunction with anchor pole position, with special gabion net (the aluminum-zinc alloy woven wire hedge that profit state ecology is produced, 20cm is wide) layered shaping is carried out to whole rock slope, every one deck gabion net is all firmly fixed together with horizontal angle bar outer, massif basic unit linked network iron wire, and gabion net and ground are also in 45 ° ~ 60 ° angles.
(5) plant cover concrete basic unit sprays
Spray the plant cover concrete 1 prepared, it is general concrete spraying machine that equipment used is planted in spray, and point basic unit and top layer are carried out respectively.Protect plant cover concrete 1 substrate concrete basic unit jet thickness prepared by embodiment 5 for till covering massif linked network completely from domatic by carrying out spraying under upper, thickness is 8 ~ 10cm, and indivedual massif recess can reach 15 ~ 20cm.
(6) plant nutrition matrix is filled
Side slope is carried out from top to down to the filling of plant nutrition matrix (particle diameter that Lingshou County grand stone ore industry source mill provides is 1-20mm soil-less culturing nutrient soil), every one deck all guarantees the nutraceutical matrix of filling enough plant normal growths, finally reaches overall and covers.
(7) top layer plant cover concrete sprays
To the domatic injection carrying out top layer plant cover concrete 1 of having filled plant nutrition matrix, thickness is about 5cm, is all covered by horizontal angle bar.
(8) plant flush type is planted
Side slope is after treatment after several hours precipitations, form the top layer with certain hardness, then vertically plant setting cave is excavated on plant cover concrete top layer according to " isosceles triangle ", by the plant with nutrition pot or native ball, flush type is planted and is put in place, and uses adhesive vegetable matrix to be pressurized filing to position.
(9) maintenance
After transplanted seedling tree puts in place, water seasoning must be carried out in time, guarantee the wettability that the domatic maintenance of whole massif is certain.Must be noted that with spray gun special homogenous diffusion to domatic when watering, directly can not spray with anxious water or strong water column, anti-sealing causes too greatly crooked the and soil erosion of plant.When not raining, within one week, needing spray every day, sprinkling irrigation in two days after a week, according to domatic situation and plant-growth situation, can even within five days, spray once for three days later.
The preparation of comparative example 1 plant cover concrete 2
Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 20kg, alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg prepared by the organic compost 40kg, the green grass seed 20kg that cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, fine steel rib 1kg, embodiment 1 are prepared, embodiment 2 and soil stabilizer sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce 10kg, water 40kg send in stirrer and stir, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete 2 to be built.
The mode identical with embodiment 5 is adopted to implement.
Comparative example 2 prepares the preparation of concrete 3
Organic compost 40kg, green grass seed 20kg, alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg and soil stabilizer sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce 10kg, water 40kg prepared by the granule agent 3kg, the fine steel rib 1kg that cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, embodiment 4 are prepared, embodiment 1 send in stirrer and stir, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete 3 to be built.
The mode identical with embodiment 5 is adopted to implement.
Water retention laboratory
Choose the plant cover concrete 1 of embodiment 5 preparation and each one piece of the plant cover concrete 210cm × 30cm of comparative example 1 preparation, water just selects ordinary tap water, and plant cover concrete 1 is tested block and is labeled as A, and plant cover concrete 2 is tested block and is labeled as B, weigh to two pieces of plant cover concretes, weight stamp is W
0A20kg, W
0B20kg.Select two square glass vessel, water is fallen in square vessel, is advisable so that the height 2 ~ 5cm of plant cover concrete can not had.By two block concretes not in two glasswares, soak on glass that to pull out after 1 hour and be statically placed in an inclination 25 ° and leave standstill 2 minutes, concrete glass then will be had to be put in outdoor leaving standstill after 24 hours, and then weigh, weight stamp is W
1A, W
1B.Leave standstill and weigh for 72 hours, weight stamp is W
3A, W
3B.Leave standstill and weigh for 120 hours, weight stamp is W
5A, W
5B.Leave standstill and weigh for 168 hours, weight stamp is W
7A, W
7B.Finally experiment the data obtained is carried out statistics as following table 1-1.
Table 1-1 water retention laboratory weighing data table
Can find out that plant cover concrete 2 water loss in leaving standstill first 1 ~ 5 day is more serious by data sheet, and plant cover concrete 1 water loss in leaving standstill first 1 ~ 3 day is relatively more serious, but to lose few than plant cover concrete 2, and from the 4th day, water loss tends towards stability, and number of dropouts is fewer.
Plant-growth is tested
By comparing embodiment 2 and embodiment 5, adopt the rate of vegetation of plant cover concrete of the present invention to reach 100%, afforestation effect is good, and the fraction of coverage of the plant cover concrete adopting comparative example 2 to prepare is 72%, occurs a large amount of yellow leaves.
All above-mentioned this intellecture properties of primary enforcement, not setting restriction this product innovation of other forms of enforcement and/or novel method.Those skilled in the art will utilize this important information, and foregoing is revised, to realize similar implementation status.But all modifications or transformation belong to the right of reservation based on product innovation of the present invention.
The above is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, and be not restriction the present invention being made to other form, any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.But everyly do not depart from technical solution of the present invention content, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling done above embodiment according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. the special plant cover concrete of a Promoting plant growth, it is characterized in that: cement 20kg, local soil 130kg, vegetable fibre 30kg, the soil improvement agent 20kg prepared, the granule agent 3kg, the fine steel rib 1kg that prepare, the organic compost 40kg prepared, green grass seed 20kg, the Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent 20kg, the alkaline neutraliser citric acid 10kg that prepare and soil stabilizer sodium carboxymethylcellulose pyce 10kg, water 40kg are sent in stirrer and stirs, be uniformly mixed, obtain plant cover concrete to be built;
Described organic compost preparation is specially and 60kg municipal sludge, 40g discarded plant and 50g feces of livestock and poultry is fully mixed, the water ratio regulating mixture is 45% ~ 50%, C/N ratio controls at 20:1 ~ 30:1, mixture is put into enclosed space ferment first, fermentation time is 14h ~ 20h, initial stage property is ventilated subsequently, and ventilation time per hour is 15min ~ 20min, and air flow quantity is 0.1m
3/ min, continue 10d ~ 15d, subsequently the product of acquisition is placed on outdoor, turning every day 1 time, obtains organic compost after the 18d ~ 20d that banks up;
The preparation of described soil improvement agent is specially gets 400g attapulgite to be suspended in 4L concentration is in the ethanol solution of the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide of 0.01g/ml, suction filtration stir 8h under the constant temperature of 70 DEG C after, subsequently with the quaternary ammonium salt that a large amount of alcohol flushing is free, Solid separate is dry and grind under the vacuum condition of 40 DEG C, obtain the attapulgite organised, 700g acrylamide is joined in reaction vessel, add the water dissolution of 2L, dissolve and completely, to add the attapulgite and 25gN that 70g organises, N '-methylene-bisacrylamide, be warming up to 40 DEG C and add 30g ammonium persulphate reaction 3h, then the NaOH solution that 2L volumetric molar concentration is 1mol/L is added, be warming up to 95 DEG C of reaction 1h, after reaction terminates, product with methylalcohol/solution washing, dry at 70 DEG C to constant weight, pulverize, cross 40 ~ 80 order mesh screens, obtain soil improvement agent,
The preparation of described granule agent is specially 750g W-Gum and the mixing of 15L water, under the condition of nitrogen protection, gelatinization 0.5h is carried out under the condition of 85 DEG C, then 30 DEG C are cooled to, get 5g ammonium persulphate and 5g sodium bisulfite is dissolved in 1L water, be made into initiator solution, 300ml initiator solution is added in the pasted starch obtained, then 600g vinylformic acid and 1800g acrylamide is dripped, finally add 10gN, dinethylformamide, N, dinethylformamide adopts dissolve with ethanol, react at 40 DEG C, product adds 8L ethanol and separates out to white precipitate, filter, product quality is than ethanol: the mixed solution of water=1:1 washs 3 times, dry under the vacuum condition of 50 DEG C to constant weight, obtain granule agent,
The preparation of described Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent is specially Radix Codonopsis 50g, bighead atractylodes rhizome 40g, Yunnan Caulis Spatholobi 25g, dragon's paw dish 30g, stem of noble dendrobium 30g, Fructus Cnidii 40g, Radix Et Caulis Acanthopanacis Senticosi 30g, Spine of Chinese Honeylocust 20g, Chinese ephedra 15g, Japanese Honeysuckle 25g, Szechwan Chinaberry Fruit 25g, tuber of stemona 15g, Conyza japonica 20g and loranthus parasiticus 15g mixing, the determining alcohol adding 0.9kg is the ethanol of 95%, heating and refluxing extraction 3 hours, filter, it is the ethanol of 95% that filter residue adds relative to the determining alcohol of its quality 3 times again, heating and refluxing extraction 3 hours, filter, filtered liquid merges, concentrated removing ethanol, dry, obtain Chinese medicinal herb nutrient agent.
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| CN104478320B (en) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-07-27 | 三峡大学 | A kind of freeze proof habitat base material for extremely frigid zones and preparation method thereof |
| CN107265941A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-10-20 | 合肥雪立歆农业科技有限公司 | A kind of garden landscape cultivation brick and preparation method |
| CN107365113A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-21 | 瑞派尔（宜昌）科技集团有限责任公司 | A kind of plant cover concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN109020376B (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-03-26 | 湖北三峡职业技术学院 | High altitudes and cold area plant cover concrete freeze thawing resistance substrate and preparation method thereof |
| CN110317008B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2021-09-14 | 华新水泥股份有限公司 | Vegetation concrete and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111618069B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-11-05 | 北京天地丰源环保科技有限公司 | Method for preparing regenerated soil by adopting municipal sludge and agricultural and forestry wastes |
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Denomination of invention: Vegetation concrete that promotes plant growth Effective date of registration: 20230829 Granted publication date: 20160203 Pledgee: China Minsheng Banking Corp Qingdao branch Pledgor: QINGDAO ZHONGKE KUNTAI ASSEMBLY CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023370010094 |