CN103684360A - Implementing method of high-voltage square-wave generator - Google Patents
Implementing method of high-voltage square-wave generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103684360A CN103684360A CN201310722316.7A CN201310722316A CN103684360A CN 103684360 A CN103684360 A CN 103684360A CN 201310722316 A CN201310722316 A CN 201310722316A CN 103684360 A CN103684360 A CN 103684360A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an implementing method of a high-voltage square-wave generator. The generator comprises a high-voltage DC (Direct Current) source, a resistor, an energy storage capacitor, a triggering pulse width adjusting module, a rising edge circuit, a falling edge circuit and a synchronous control triggering module; the rising edge circuit comprises a solid switch MOSFET (Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor) and an optical coupling isolation driving circuit; the falling edge circuit comprises a solid switch MOSFET circuit and avalanche transistor string; the high-voltage DC source, the resistor, the energy storage capacitor, the triggering pulse width adjusting module, the solid switch MOSFET and the optical coupling isolation driving circuit are connected to the avalanche transistor string in sequence. The implementing method comprises the steps of: (1) pre-charging the energy storage capacitor by the high-voltage DC source; (2) converting an outer triggering signal into a pulse width adjustable square wave signal by the triggering pulse width adjusting module; (3) controlling the optical coupling isolation driving circuit to drive the MOSFET to be in on-state so as to charge a load and form the rising edge circuit; (4) driving the MOSFET and avalanche transistors of the falling edge circuit to be in on-state so as to cut off an output pulse rapidly and form the falling edge circuit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric power system, specifically relate to a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator implementation method.
Background technology
In electric power system, in order to check the ability of power equipment tolerance Lightning Over-voltage and switching overvoltage, need to when dispatching from the factory, carry out surge voltage resistance test, so each large High-Voltage Experimentation chamber, the whole nation all possesses the measuring equipments such as impacting with high pressure voltage generator and impulse voltage divider, double measurement instrument.Wherein the wavefront time of thunder and lightning all-wave is that the wavefront time to chopping that (0.84-1.56) μ s, steep wave wavefront time <0.5 μ s, thunder and lightning cut ripple also needs <0.5 μ s, this just needs measurement voltage divider to possess good transient response characteristic, otherwise can cause very large measure error and wave distortion.Therefore, when dispatching from the factory or calibrate, impulse voltage divider need carry out high frequency response characteristic Experimental Calibration to it.The frequency band range of impulse voltage divider is constantly expanded at present, and voltage ratio constantly expands, and traditional frequency response method can not be used because lacking high-frequency and high-voltage sine power supply, need to voltage divider, carry out step response attribute testing with square-wave generator.For Measurement accuracy voltage divider high frequency response characteristic, require square-wave generator to there is higher amplitude, wider pulsewidth, the rising edge (or trailing edge) of ns level.
Normally used is based on mercury, to moisten the square-wave generator of switch, the advantage of this class generator is: easy to use, repetition characteristic is good, Rise Time of Square Wave can reach ns level, can meet the requirement of step response test, but mercury profit switch is withstand voltage limited, common mercury profit switch can only produce the low pressure square wave of (100～300) V.And along with the raising of electric pressure, the voltage ratio of impulse voltage divider constantly increases, when low pressure square-wave signal puts on voltage divider high-pressure side, the signal measuring in its low-pressure side is quite faint, be subject to electromagnetic interference around, measuring on digital oscilloscope and cannot differentiating, more can not carry out analytical calculation.In addition, for adopting pulse forming line or Marx circuit, and the pulse generator designing through steepness on-off principle, although the rise time of its output square wave can be accomplished very short (several ns are ps level even), and amplitude also can reach tens of kilovolts, but its output pulse width is very short, conventionally only have hundreds of ns, and shake is larger.Because stabilization time of Resistor Divider for Impulse Voltage Measurements is generally in 200ns left and right, the stabilization time of underdamping voltage divider is longer, vibration in cannot resolved measurement result waveform when therefore pulsewidth too small definite stabilization time that can not calculate voltage divider, and shake is larger is transient response that brought by power supply or voltage divider itself.
In recent years, each researcher attempts replacing gas discharge switch as main switch, to carry out the research of square-wave generator with solid switch, solid switch be take MOSFET and avalanche transistor as main, this class solid switch has advantages of that break-make is stable, reproducible, but its withstand voltage lower, through-current capability is poor.The square-wave generator that the MOSFET of take is main switch, slower because of MOSFET pipe conducting speed, before its output square wave, (afterwards) edge is more slow, is not suitable for the capacitive load that capacitance is larger; The square-wave generator that the avalanche transistor of take is main switch, poor because of snowslide pipe through-current capability, its output square wave pulse width is narrow, and when the capacitance of capacitive load is larger, square wave front edge (or rear edge) slows down, and snowslide Guan Yi burns because of overcurrent.Therefore, use the square-wave generator of the above-mentioned type, more difficult convenience, comprehensively, reliably voltage divider step response is calibrated.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator implementation method, for at present for the square-wave generator of electric power system impulse voltage divider step response test at waveform, repeatability, the problem that the aspects such as stability exist, in design principle and thinking, improve, make its amplitude adjustable (300-1000) V, pulsewidth is adjustable (10-220) μ s, fall time <5ns high-voltage square wave signal, this device is reproducible, stable performance, easy to use, be easy to carry, can be used for the test of impulse voltage divider step response.
The object of the invention is to adopt following technical proposals to realize:
A high-voltage square-wave generator, its improvements are, described generator comprises high voltage direct current source, resistance, storage capacitor, triggering pulse-width regulated module, rising edge circuit, trailing edge circuit and Synchronization Control trigger module; Described rising edge circuit comprises solid switch MOSFET and optical couple isolation drive circuit; Described trailing edge circuit comprises solid switch MOSFET circuit and avalanche transistor string;
Described high voltage direct current source, resistance, storage capacitor, triggering pulse-width regulated module, solid switch MOSFET and optical couple isolation drive circuit are connected successively with avalanche transistor string.
Preferably, described high voltage direct current source is DC Module power supply.
Preferably, described storage capacitor is high voltage thin film pulse capacitor.
Preferably, described triggering pulse-width regulated module comprises external trigger circuit and pulse width modulation circuit.
Preferably, described resistance comprises DC charging resistance, current limliting damping resistance, grading resistor and damping resistance.
Preferably, described solid switch MOSFET circuit and avalanche transistor series circuit form parallel branch, synchronous trigger module sends the triggering signal that triggers MOSFET and avalanche transistor, two kinds of switches adopt overvoltage pulse transformer isolation to drive, and by regulating the length of coaxial cable to realize the sequencing of two kinds of switch conductions, by switch mosfet in advance conducting control again avalanche transistor conducting.
Preferably, described generator adopts electronic device, and components and parts and module integration are in the can of full-shield, and power supply is connected by the port on box with measurement cable, switches on power and regulate the output voltage of DC Module in use procedure.
The present invention is based on a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator implementation method that another object provides, its improvements are, described method comprises:
(1) high-voltage DC power supply is to storage capacitor precharge;
(2) trigger pulse-width regulated module and change external trigger signal into pulsewidth adjustable square-wave signal;
(3) control optical couple isolation drive circuit driven MOS FET conducting, load quick charge is formed to rising edge circuit;
(4) drive MOSFET and the conducting of snowslide pipe of trailing edge circuit, block fast output pulse shaping trailing edge circuit.
Preferably, described step (4) comprises that controlling rising edge circuit MOSFET turn-offs, and again charges to load for preventing, and prevents that storage capacitor from burning snowslide pipe by snowslide tube discharge for a long time.
Preferably, described step (2) comprises the square wave that can form pulsewidth (10-220) μ s by pulse-width regulated module, and <0.5% falls in flat-top, pulsewidth is much larger than the response stabilization time of detected voltage divider, voltage divider would not disturb its response to trailing edge to the sound of square wave rising edge, and after square wave trailing edge, output waveform can be stabilized in zero potential for a long time, noiseless to the response of voltage divider.
Preferably, described MOSFET and avalanche transistor series circuit form parallel branch, regulate its synchronous conducting electric discharge, and snowslide tube loop forms fast and blocks MOSFET discharge loop, for preventing, because of the poor overcurrent that occurs of snowslide pipe through-current capability, burns.
Preferably, described step (4) comprises that generator loop is to not restriction of load, resistance is the resitstance voltage divider of >2k Ω, the underdamping capacitor voltage divider of about 400pF all can articulate, and load when for (2-10) k Ω or (300-500) pF changes the output voltage trailing edge of generator all can meet <5ns.
Compared with the prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
Portable high-pressure square-wave generator based on MOSFET and avalanche transistor of the present invention, this generator has utilized the advantage of switch mosfet and avalanche transistor, can produce amplitude adjustable (300-1000) V, pulsewidth is adjustable (10-220) μ s, fall time <5ns, waveform can repeat, repetition rate is adjustable, the high-voltage square wave signal of <0.5% falls in pulsewidth flat-top; Compact conformation, stable performance, carrying load ability are strong, easy to carry, workable, and anti-electromagnetic interference capability is strong.Load can be Resistor Divider for Impulse Voltage Measurements and underdamping capacitor voltage divider, can carry out surge voltage measuring equipment, and the step response test of steep wave measuring equipment and the research of the aspect of tracing to the source thereof, have larger scientific research and engineering use value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator implementation method load output square-wave waveform schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
A portable high-pressure square-wave generator based on MOSFET and avalanche transistor, is comprised of high voltage direct current source, storage capacitor, resistance, triggering pulse-width regulated module, rising edge circuit, trailing edge circuit, Synchronization Control trigger module.Wherein, high voltage direct current source DC Module power supply; Storage capacitor is high voltage thin film pulse capacitor; Triggering pulse-width regulated module is comprised of external trigger circuit and pulse width modulation circuit; Resistance comprises DC charging resistance, current limliting damping resistance, grading resistor and damping resistance; Rising edge circuit is comprised of solid switch MOSFET and optical couple isolation drive circuit; Trailing edge circuit comprises that solid switch MOSFET circuit and avalanche transistor series circuit form parallel branch, synchronous trigger module sends the triggering signal that triggers MOSFET and avalanche transistor, two kinds of switches adopt overvoltage pulse transformer isolation to drive, and by regulating the length of coaxial cable to realize the sequencing of two kinds of switch conductions, by switch mosfet in advance conducting control again avalanche transistor conducting.The present invention makes prime switch because rising edge circuit adopts MOSFET, control the adjustable output square wave pulse width of conduction interval of the rear class switch in itself and trailing edge circuit, trailing edge circuit makes its steep trailing edge that produces <5ns by being used in conjunction with of MOSFET and avalanche transistor, for measuring the step response of impulse voltage divider.
Be specially: high-voltage DC power supply is to storage capacitor precharge, trigger pulse width modulation circuit and realize external trigger and square wave pulse width adjusting, control optical couple isolation drive circuit driven MOS FET conducting, load quick charge is formed to fast rising edge, reach MOSFET and the conducting of snowslide pipe of certain square wave pulse width rear drive trailing edge circuit, block fast the fast trailing edge of output pulse shaping, trailing edge MOSFET is realized by coaxial cable Time delay with synchronizeing of avalanche transistor.Meanwhile, control rising edge circuit MOSFET and turn-off, load is charged again preventing, and prevent that storage capacitor from burning snowslide pipe by snowslide tube discharge for a long time, thereby export the square-wave voltage of slow rising edge, wide pulse width, fast trailing edge.
Wherein, adopt capacitor discharge type square wave to produce principle, by pulse-width regulated module, can form the square wave of pulsewidth (10-220) μ s, and <0.5% falls in flat-top, pulsewidth is much larger than the response stabilization time of detected voltage divider, voltage divider would not disturb its response to trailing edge to the sound of square wave rising edge, and after square wave trailing edge, output waveform can be stabilized in zero potential for a long time, noiseless to the response of voltage divider.
Wherein, solid switch MOSFET and avalanche transistor series circuit form branch road arranged side by side, regulate its synchronous conducting electric discharge, snowslide tube loop forms fast and blocks MOSFET discharge loop, both made up the slow problem of MOSFET conducting, and can prevent from again burning because of the poor overcurrent that occurs of snowslide pipe through-current capability; Adopt overvoltage drive can accelerate the conducting speed of MOSFET and snowslide pipe, reduce the fluctuation of ON time, be easy to regulate its synchronous conducting.The trailing edge of number nanosecond can be used for the high frequency response characteristic of voltage divider and checks demarcation.
Wherein, based on the present invention, generator loop is to not restriction of load, resistance is the resitstance voltage divider of >2k Ω, the underdamping capacitor voltage divider of about 400pF all can articulate, and load when for (2-10) k Ω or (300-500) pF changes the output voltage trailing edge of generator all can meet <5ns.
Wherein, generator all adopts electronic device, and reproducible, little, the compact conformation, easy to carry that fluctuates, is applicable to field test.All components and parts and module integration are in the can of full-shield, and power supply is connected by the port on box with measurement cable, switches on power and regulate the output voltage of DC Module in use procedure.
Embodiment
Description of symbols in Fig. 1 is:
V-DC power supply, R
a-DC charging resistance, C
a-storage capacitor, R
d-current limliting damping resistance, I-rising edge circuit, II-trailing edge circuit, M
1-prime MOSFET, M
2-rear class MOSFET, T
1, T
2, T
3t
n-avalanche transistor, R
1, R
2, R
3r
n-grading resistor, R
11, R
22-damping resistance, A point is square-wave generator output, and B point is load high-pressure side, and AB section is high-voltage connection.
Description of symbols in Fig. 2 is:
T
1-prime MOSFET triggers constantly; T
2the complete conducting of-prime MOSFET constantly; T
3-rear class MOSFET triggers constantly; T
4-avalanche transistor triggers constantly; T
5the complete conducting of-avalanche transistor constantly; T
6the complete conducting of-rear class MOSFET constantly; t
12the rising time of-square-wave voltage; t
23-square-wave voltage pulsewidth the time; t
35the actual trailing edge time after-rear class MOSFET is in parallel with avalanche transistor; t
36if-square wave trailing edge the time while only using rear class MOSFET.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator of the present invention idiographic flow is as follows:
DC power supply V is by charging resistor R
ato storage capacitor C
acharging, triggers pulse-width regulated module and changes external trigger signal into pulsewidth adjustable square-wave signal, realizes the adjusting of square wave pulse width is controlled, and by optical couple isolation drive circuit, controls prime MOSFET pipe M
1conducting, prime MOSFET opens and forms square wave rising edge.Simultaneously, trigger pulse-width regulated module and be used as square wave trailing edge triggering signal through the signal of time delay output, the Synchronization Control trigger module that this signal forms through coaxial cable forms two-way time delayed signal, trigger respectively overvoltage drive circuit, through isolating transformer, drive respectively the rear class MOSFET pipe M of trailing edge circuit
2with avalanche transistor string T
1, T
2, T
3t
n, regulate the length difference of two coaxial cables can realize MOSFET pipe M
2with avalanche transistor string T
1, T
2, T
3t
npriority conducting, and control ON time interval, block fast high-voltage square-wave, form fast trailing edge.Thereby produce at generator output end A, slow rising edge, wide pulse width, low jitter, low flat-top fall, the square-wave voltage of fast trailing edge.
The load of a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator of the present invention implementation method is exported square-wave waveform schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2, T
1time trigger module is sent triggering signal to prime MOSFET, and after this output voltage constantly rises; T
2the complete conducting output voltage stabilization of moment prime switch mosfet; t
12for the rising time of square-wave voltage, rising time is determined by the performance of MOSFET itself; T
3constantly synchronous trigger module is by triggering signal to rear class MOSFET, and after this output voltage starts to decline; t
23for the square-wave voltage pulsewidth time, by pulse-width regulated module, pulsewidth can regulate.T
4time trigger signal is delivered to the filp-flop stage of avalanche transistor by certain time delay, voltage is reduced to rapidly 0, t by avalanche transistor
35be the actual trailing edge time.T
36square wave trailing edge time when if dotted line is only used rear class MOSFET.As can be seen from the figure, after avalanche transistor in parallel, greatly reduced the trailing edge time of output voltage waveforms, in fact t
36for 30ns left and right, t
34in 5ns.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to above-described embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or be equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention, and do not depart from any modification of spirit and scope of the invention or be equal to replacement, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a high-voltage square-wave generator, is characterized in that, described generator comprises high voltage direct current source, resistance, storage capacitor, triggering pulse-width regulated module, rising edge circuit, trailing edge circuit and Synchronization Control trigger module; Described rising edge circuit comprises solid switch MOSFET and optical couple isolation drive circuit; Described trailing edge circuit comprises solid switch MOSFET circuit and avalanche transistor string;
Described high voltage direct current source, resistance, storage capacitor, triggering pulse-width regulated module, solid switch MOSFET and optical couple isolation drive circuit are connected successively with avalanche transistor string.
2. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described high voltage direct current source is DC Module power supply.
3. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described storage capacitor is high voltage thin film pulse capacitor.
4. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described triggering pulse-width regulated module comprises external trigger circuit and pulse width modulation circuit.
5. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described resistance comprises DC charging resistance, current limliting damping resistance, grading resistor and damping resistance.
6. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described solid switch MOSFET circuit and avalanche transistor series circuit form parallel branch, synchronous trigger module sends the triggering signal that triggers MOSFET and avalanche transistor, two kinds of switches adopt overvoltage pulse transformer isolation to drive, and by regulating the length of coaxial cable to realize the sequencing of two kinds of switch conductions, by switch mosfet in advance conducting control again avalanche transistor conducting.
7. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described generator adopts electronic device, components and parts and module integration are in the can of full-shield, power supply is connected by the port on box with measurement cable, switches on power and regulate the output voltage of DC Module in use procedure.
8. a high-voltage square-wave generator implementation method, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
(1) high-voltage DC power supply is to storage capacitor precharge;
(2) trigger pulse-width regulated module and change external trigger signal into pulsewidth adjustable square-wave signal;
(3) control optical couple isolation drive circuit driven MOS FET conducting, load quick charge is formed to rising edge circuit;
(4) drive MOSFET and the conducting of snowslide pipe of trailing edge circuit, block fast output pulse shaping trailing edge circuit.
9. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator implementation method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described step (4) comprises that controlling rising edge circuit MOSFET turn-offs, and again charges to load for preventing, and prevents that storage capacitor from burning snowslide pipe by snowslide tube discharge for a long time.
10. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator implementation method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described step (2) comprises the square wave that can form pulsewidth (10-220) μ s by pulse-width regulated module, and <0.5% falls in flat-top, pulsewidth is much larger than the response stabilization time of detected voltage divider, voltage divider would not disturb its response to trailing edge to the sound of square wave rising edge, and after square wave trailing edge, output waveform can be stabilized in zero potential for a long time, noiseless to the response of voltage divider.
11. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator implementation methods as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described MOSFET and avalanche transistor series circuit form parallel branch, regulate its synchronous conducting electric discharge, snowslide tube loop forms fast and blocks MOSFET discharge loop, for preventing, because of the poor overcurrent that occurs of snowslide pipe through-current capability, burns.
12. a kind of high-voltage square-wave generator implementation methods as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, described step (4) comprises that generator loop is to not restriction of load, resistance is the resitstance voltage divider of >2k Ω, the underdamping capacitor voltage divider of about 400pF all can articulate, and load when for (2-10) k Ω or (300-500) pF changes the output voltage trailing edge of generator all can meet <5ns.
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Cited By (12)
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| CN107576828A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-12 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Impulse voltage generator Multi- Switch synchronous triggering device and method |
| CN107818218A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-20 | 天津大学 | A kind of nanosecond electromagnetic pulse generator for electromagnetism direct fault location |
| CN107947776A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-20 | 深圳奥特迅电力设备股份有限公司 | A kind of switch tube driving circuit of isolation |
| CN108599740A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 深圳大学 | Impulse generator |
| CN108631757A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of modified multitube cascade pipe Marx generators |
| CN109257031A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-22 | 电子科技大学 | One kind being based on the concatenated Precise amplitudes high-voltage square-wave generation circuit of more metal-oxide-semiconductors |
| CN109342788A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of square-wave voltage source |
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| CN111416543A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-07-14 | 华中科技大学 | Square wave pulse power supply for positioning cable intermediate joint |
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| CN107576828A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-01-12 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Impulse voltage generator Multi- Switch synchronous triggering device and method |
| CN107576828B (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2023-10-27 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Multi-switch synchronous triggering device and method for impulse voltage generator |
| CN107818218A (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-03-20 | 天津大学 | A kind of nanosecond electromagnetic pulse generator for electromagnetism direct fault location |
| CN107818218B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2023-11-21 | 天津大学 | Nanosecond electromagnetic pulse generator for electromagnetic fault injection |
| CN107947776A (en) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-04-20 | 深圳奥特迅电力设备股份有限公司 | A kind of switch tube driving circuit of isolation |
| CN108631757A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of modified multitube cascade pipe Marx generators |
| CN108599740A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-09-28 | 深圳大学 | Impulse generator |
| CN109257031B (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2021-03-30 | 电子科技大学 | Accurate-amplitude high-voltage square wave generation circuit based on series connection of multiple MOS (metal oxide semiconductor) tubes |
| CN109257031A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-22 | 电子科技大学 | One kind being based on the concatenated Precise amplitudes high-voltage square-wave generation circuit of more metal-oxide-semiconductors |
| CN109342788A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-02-15 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of square-wave voltage source |
| CN110289834A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-27 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | A kind of continuously adjustable image intensifier shutter of width time range |
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| CN111277015A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-06-12 | 无锡市欧瑞杰电子科技有限公司 | Online floating charging type battery management circuit |
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