CN203747779U - Power tube drive circuit and direct-current solid state power controller - Google Patents
Power tube drive circuit and direct-current solid state power controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN203747779U CN203747779U CN201420080079.9U CN201420080079U CN203747779U CN 203747779 U CN203747779 U CN 203747779U CN 201420080079 U CN201420080079 U CN 201420080079U CN 203747779 U CN203747779 U CN 203747779U
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- power tube
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a power tube drive circuit applied to a direct-current solid state power controller. The power tube drive circuit contains charge-discharge constant current source, a corresponding control switch, a NOT gate and a feedback capacitor across a grid and a drain of a power tube. During turn-on and turn-off process of the direct-current solid state power controller, the constant current source is controlled to charge and discharge the feedback capacitor, and the feedback capacitor feeds back voltages of the drain and a source of the power tube to the grid of the power tube. The utility model also discloses the direct-current solid state power controller including the above power tube drive circuit. The power tube can be turned on and turned off at a slow and constant switching speed. Load voltage rises and declines linearly and the rising and declining rate is adjustable. The direct-current solid state power controller is suitable for general SiMOSFET and IGBT, and is also suitable for SiC and GaN field-controlled power tubes, such as JFETMOSFETIGBT and the like. The drive circuit provided by the utility model is simple and reliable, is easy for integration and has low cost.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of power tube drive circuit and DC solid-state power controller that is applied to DC solid-state power controller, belongs to power electronic technology and electrical technology field.
Background technology
Solid-state power controller (Solid State Power Controller, be called for short SSPC) is taking semiconductor power pipe as core, integrates the solid-state power distribution equipment of the switch transition function of relay and the defencive function of circuit breaker.That SSPC has is contactless, without electric arc, noiseless, response is fast, electromagnetic interference is little, the life-span is long, reliability is high, be convenient to the advantages such as computer remote control, is just being widely used in the aspects such as aircraft, tank, steamer, Domestic distribution net.
Direct current SSPC, for DC power system, realizes being switched on or switched off of circuit, and completing circuit error protection and isolation.In order to improve load compatibility, the voltage stress of reduction direct current SSPC with semiconductor power pipe two ends in the impulse current in capacitive load opening process, inhibition direct current SSPC turn off process of direct current SSPC, direct current SSPC all need to turn on and off with the switching speed of " slowly " relatively, and its switching speed can need to be adjusted according to load.
The switching speed of the power tube of direct current SSPC depends primarily on its power tube drive circuit." logical slow disconnected slowly " drive circuit that Chinese invention patent ZL200510038027.0 proposes to consist of RC network forms the power tube driving voltage waveform of rising and slow decreasing, realizes power tube and turns on and off with the switching speed that compares " slowly ".The advantage of this scheme is to realize comparatively simply, but shortcoming is that power tube switching speed in switching process is non-constant, and the control effect of switching speed is subject to the impact of parameter, ambient temperature of power tube larger, difficulty of parameter tuning.A kind of closed-loop driving circuit technical scheme has been proposed in the Chinese invention patent application that is CN102545855A at publication number, overcome the problem based on RC network " slow logical slow disconnected " drive circuit, but its shortcoming is the more complicated that realizes of technical scheme, must adopt high bandwidth and high speed operational amplifier.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved in the utility model, for the defect in aforementioned background art and deficiency, a kind of power tube drive circuit of DC solid-state power controller is provided, realize power tube so that relatively " slowly " and constant switching speed turn on and off, switching speed can need to be adjusted according to load, and drive circuit is simple and reliable, to realize cost low.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the concrete technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:
A kind of power tube drive circuit, be applied to DC solid-state power controller, circuit structure comprises: the first passage that the first switch and the first constant-current source are composed in series, the second channel that second switch and the second constant-current source are composed in series, one not gate, and be connected across the feedback capacity between power tube grid and drain electrode; First passage and second channel are connected on drive circuitry positive source and with reference between ground, first passage and the tie point of second channel and the grid of power tube are connected, and drive circuit is connected with the source electrode of power tube with reference to ground; The shutoff control signal of opening of solid-state power controller is connected with the control end of the first switch, is connected by not gate with the control end of second switch simultaneously.
The utility model also provides a kind of DC solid-state power controller, and it comprises above-mentioned power tube drive circuit.
The core of technical solutions of the utility model is to introduce a feedback capacity at power tube drain and gate, by the Voltage Feedback of power tube drain electrode and source electrode to power tube grid, open in the process of shutoff at DC solid-state power controller, realize constant current charge and the constant-current discharge of feedback capacity by controlling different passage conductings, the switching speed of power tube is proportional to the current value of charging and discharging electric current, the capacitance of inverse ratio and feedback capacity.Can realize power tube so that " slowly " and constant switching speed turn on and off by adjusting the size of charging and discharging current value and the capacitance size of feedback capacity.
The beneficial effect of technical solutions of the utility model is as follows:
(1) in DC solid-state power controller, power tube can be to turn on and off compared with " slowly " and constant switching speed, and load voltage is linear to rise and linear decline.
(2) in DC solid-state power controller, the switching speed of power tube (load voltage climbing or rate of descent) can be by adjusting the size of charge and discharge electric current and the realization of the size of feedback capacity capacitance, and the switching speed of power tube is subject to the impact of the electric parameter of power tube used, temperature characterisitic very little.
(3) the utility model drive circuit is simple and reliable, is easy to integratedly, and needn't use high bandwidth and high speed operational amplifier, realizes cost low.
(4) power tube drive circuit of the present utility model is applicable to the arbitrarily DC solid-state power controller taking field control type power tube as main switch, and a control type power tube can be that conventional Si MOSFET, Si JFET, Si IGBT and Wideband semiconductor power device is as SiC MOSFET, SiC IGBT, SiC JFET and GaN field effect transistor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is power tube drive circuit of the present utility model;
Fig. 2 is the typical DC solid-state power controller theory diagram that adopts drive circuit shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is while adopting drive circuit shown in Fig. 1, in DC solid-state power controller switching process the gate charge characteristic of power tube and with the relation of power tube both end voltage;
Fig. 4 is working waveform figure when drive circuit power pipe is opened shown in employing Fig. 1;
Fig. 5 is the working waveform figure while adopting the shutoff of drive circuit power pipe shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Introduce in detail the utility model below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As rectangular broken line frame in Fig. 1 is depicted as the DC solid-state power controller power tube drive circuit the utility model proposes, comprise the first switch S 1, the first constant-current source I
s1, second switch S2, the second constant-current source I
s2, not gate U1 and feedback capacity C
fB.The first switch S 1 and the first constant-current source I
s1be composed in series first passage, second switch S2 and the second constant-current source I
s2be composed in series second channel.First passage and second channel are connected on drive circuitry positive source VCC and with reference between ground GND, the tie point of first passage and second channel is connected with the grid of power tube Q1, and drive circuit is connected with the source electrode of power tube Q1 with reference to ground GND.Feedback capacity C
fBbe connected across between power tube Q1 grid and drain electrode, capacitance is several nanofarads.The shutoff control signal CMD that opens of DC solid-state power controller is connected in the control end of the first switch S 1, and is connected in the control end of second switch S2 by not gate U1.Direct current power power supply V
bUSbe connected in power tube Q1 drain electrode, load is connected in the source electrode of power tube Q1 and direct current power power supply with reference between ground.
The first switch S 1 of power tube drive circuit and second switch S2 can adopt triode or analog switch to realize, the first constant-current source I
s1with the second constant-current source I
s2can adopt typical constant-current source circuit to realize as mirror current source.
In Fig. 1, the operation principle of power tube drive circuit is:
In the time that opening of DC solid-state power controller turn-offed control signal CMD and be high level, the first switch S 1 is connected, the first constant-current source I
s1work, first passage conducting, with the first electric current I
s1to grid parasitic capacitance and the feedback capacity C of power tube Q1
fBcharging, second switch S2 turn-offs, the second constant-current source I
s2do not work, second channel is closed.Feedback capacity C in power tube Q1 opening process
fBgrid by the Voltage Feedback between power tube Q1 drain electrode and source electrode to power tube Q1, makes power tube Q1 both end voltage V
dSlinear decline, power tube Q1 is open-minded with constant speed, and load voltage Vload is linear to rise.
In the time that opening of DC solid-state power controller turn-offed control signal CMD and be low level, the first switch S 1 is turn-offed, the first constant-current source I
s1do not work, second channel is closed.Second switch S2 connects, first passage conducting, the grid parasitic capacitance of power tube Q1 and feedback capacity C
fBby the second constant-current source I
s2with the second electric current I
s2be discharged to drive circuit with reference to ground GND.In power tube Q1 turn off process, the first capacitor C
fBgrid by the Voltage Feedback between power tube Q1 drain electrode and source electrode to power tube Q1, makes power tube Q1 both end voltage V
dSlinear rising, power tube Q1 turn-offs with constant speed, and load voltage Vload is linear to decline.
Power tube drive circuit of the present utility model is applicable to the DC solid-state power controller taking field control type power tube as main switch arbitrarily, and power tube can be Si MOSFET, Si IGBT, SiC MOSFET, SiC IGBT, SiC JFET, GaN field effect transistor etc.
Be the typical DC solid-state power controller theory diagram that adopts drive circuit shown in Fig. 1 as shown in Figure 2, comprise power tube, detect resistance, the comprehensive and fault latch circuit of current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit, voltage status decision circuitry, current status decision circuitry, current foldback circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit, state, drive circuit, DC/DC insulating power supply, the first buffer circuit, the second buffer circuit, the 3rd buffer circuit.
The drain electrode of power tube connects SSPC power input, and source electrode after testing resistance is loaded to Power Groud as SSPC power stage termination; The input of current detection circuit is connected to the two ends of detecting resistance, and output is connected to respectively current foldback circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit and current status decision circuitry; The output of voltage detecting circuit connects voltage status decision circuitry; The output signal of aforesaid voltage status determination circuit and current status decision circuitry respectively through the second buffer circuit and the 3rd buffer circuit as state feedback signal (STATE1, STATE2), feed back to load current status signal and the load voltage status signal of host computer.
The output signal of current foldback circuit and short-circuit detecting circuit is input to state comprehensively and fault latch circuit; the output signal of state synthetic circuit inputs to drive circuit; drive circuit output is connected to grid and the source electrode of power tube, and drive circuit is gone back detection power pipe drain voltage simultaneously.
Outside control command, through the first buffer circuit, is connected in state comprehensively and fault latch circuit.
5V power supply is boosted to 15V by DC/DC insulating power supply; the ground using power MOSFET source electrode as internal reference, gives the power supply of following functional circuit module: the comprehensive and fault latch circuit of current detection circuit, voltage detecting circuit, voltage status decision circuitry, current status decision circuitry, current foldback circuit, short-circuit detecting circuit, state, drive circuit.
Fig. 3 adopts gate charge characteristic in switching process of power tube when technical solutions of the utility model and the relation with power tube both end voltage.
Be example below taking power tube as MOSFET, further illustrate operation principle of the present utility model in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5.In Fig. 1, provided the equivalent electric circuit of power MOSFET simultaneously.
Shown in Fig. 4, when the opening of DC solid-state power controller turn-offed control signal CMD and be high level (t1 moment), the first switch S 1 is connected, and second switch S2 turn-offs, the first constant-current source I
s1to grid parasitic capacitance and the feedback capacity C of power tube Q1
fBconstant current charge, the driving voltage V between grid and source electrode
gSstart to rise.At driving voltage V
gSrise to power tube cut-in voltage V
gS (th)before time (t1 ~ t2), there is not any variation in the on off state of power tube Q1; As driving voltage V
gSrise to platform voltage V
pLATUEtime (t2 ~ t3), the grid voltage recruitment of power tube Q1 is very little, approximate thinks that constant (constant is V
pLATUE), power tube Q1 grid current i
gbe approximately zero, so power tube Q1 drain electrode and voltage between source electrodes V
dSrate of descent be approximately equal to voltage V between power tube Q1 drain and gate
dGrate of descent.And V in t2 ~ t3 process
dGrate of descent (also equal feedback capacity C
fBvoltage drop rate) and load voltage Vload climbing be proportional to the first current source current value I
s1size, be inversely proportional to feedback capacity C
fBcapacitance.Adjust the first current source current value I
s1with feedback capacity C
fBthe speed of opening of the size of capacitance power tube can change DC solid-state power controller and open time and the climbing of load voltage.
In the t3 moment in Fig. 4, load voltage Vload rises to direct current power power supply V
bUSvoltage, power tube voltage V
dSdrop to the pressure drop of power tube saturation conduction.T3 ~ t4 moment, the driving voltage V between power tube grid and source electrode
gScontinue to rise, until driving voltage V
gSrise to and approach drive circuitry positive source V
cCvoltage, now the first current source I
s1electric current naturally drop to zero, power tube Q1 maintains saturation conduction state.
Shown in Fig. 5, when the opening of DC solid-state power controller turn-offed control signal CMD and be low level (t6 moment), the first switch S 1 is turn-offed, and second switch S2 connects, the grid parasitic capacitance of power tube Q1 and feedback capacity C
fBby the second constant-current source I
s2to drive circuit with reference to ground GND constant-current discharge, the driving voltage V between grid and source electrode
gSstart to decline.At driving voltage V
gSdrop to power tube platform voltage V
pLATUE(t6 ~ t7) before, there is not any variation in the on off state of power tube Q1; As driving voltage V
gSdrop to platform voltage V
pLATUEtime (t7 ~ t8), the grid voltage slippage of power tube Q1 is very little, approximate thinks that constant (constant is V
pLATUE), power tube Q1 grid current i
gbe approximately zero, so in like manner can think that power tube Q1 drains and voltage between source electrodes V
dSclimbing be approximately equal to voltage V between power tube Q1 drain and gate
dGclimbing.And V in t7 ~ t8 process
dGclimbing (also equal feedback capacity C
fBvoltage build-up rate) and load voltage Vload rate of descent be proportional to the second current source I
s2size, be inversely proportional to feedback capacity C
fBcapacitance.Adjust the second current source I
s2with the first capacitor C
fBthe turn-off speed of the size of capacitance power tube Q1 can change DC solid-state power controller and open time and the rate of descent of load voltage.
In the t8 moment in Fig. 5, load voltage Vload drops to zero, power tube voltage V
dSrise to direct current power power supply V
bUSvoltage.T8 ~ t9 moment, the driving voltage V between power tube grid and source electrode
gScontinue to decline, until power tube driving voltage V
gSdrop to zero, now the second current source I
s2electric current naturally drop to zero, power tube Q1 maintains cut-off off state.
These are only explanation technological thought of the present utility model; can not limit protection range of the present utility model with this; every technological thought according to the utility model proposes, any change of doing on technical scheme basis, within all falling into the utility model protection range.
Claims (2)
1. a power tube drive circuit, is applied to DC solid-state power controller, it is characterized in that, comprising: the first switch (S1) and the first constant-current source (I
s1) first passage that is composed in series, second switch (S2) and the second constant-current source (I
s2) second channel that is composed in series, a not gate (U1), and be connected across the feedback capacity (C between power tube grid and drain electrode
fB); First passage and second channel are connected on drive circuitry positive source (VCC) and with reference between ground (GND), first passage and the tie point of second channel and the grid of power tube are connected, and drive circuit is connected with the source electrode of power tube with reference to ground (GND); The shutoff control signal (CMD) of opening of solid-state power controller is connected with the control end of the first switch (S1), is connected by not gate (U1) with the control end of second switch (S2) simultaneously.
2. a DC solid-state power controller, taking field control type power tube as main switch, is characterized in that comprising power tube drive circuit claimed in claim 1.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420080079.9U CN203747779U (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | Power tube drive circuit and direct-current solid state power controller |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201420080079.9U CN203747779U (en) | 2014-02-24 | 2014-02-24 | Power tube drive circuit and direct-current solid state power controller |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103795385A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Power tube drive method and circuit, and direct-current solid power controller |
| CN105896193A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-08-24 | 刘复民 | Intelligent solid low-voltage direct-current electric junction box |
| CN110267442A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of integrated SiC solid-state power controller |
| CN113777984A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-10 | 郑州中科集成电路与系统应用研究院 | Direct-current high-voltage multi-path solid-state power controller |
-
2014
- 2014-02-24 CN CN201420080079.9U patent/CN203747779U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103795385A (en) * | 2014-02-24 | 2014-05-14 | 南京航空航天大学 | Power tube drive method and circuit, and direct-current solid power controller |
| CN105896193A (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2016-08-24 | 刘复民 | Intelligent solid low-voltage direct-current electric junction box |
| CN105896193B (en) * | 2014-12-22 | 2018-12-07 | 刘复民 | The intelligent electrical terminal box of solid low-voltage direct |
| CN110267442A (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2019-09-20 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of integrated SiC solid-state power controller |
| CN110267442B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2022-04-08 | 南京航空航天大学 | Integrated SiC solid-state power controller |
| CN113777984A (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2021-12-10 | 郑州中科集成电路与系统应用研究院 | Direct-current high-voltage multi-path solid-state power controller |
| CN113777984B (en) * | 2021-09-02 | 2023-12-15 | 郑州中科集成电路与系统应用研究院 | DC high-voltage multipath solid-state power controller |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20140730 Termination date: 20200224 |