CN103649286A - 用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103649286A
CN103649286A CN201280034425.3A CN201280034425A CN103649286A CN 103649286 A CN103649286 A CN 103649286A CN 201280034425 A CN201280034425 A CN 201280034425A CN 103649286 A CN103649286 A CN 103649286A
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wire drawing
lubricant
acid
banded
salt
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前田和树
手塚秀树
奥山启嗣
前川敦史
矢野真一
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Kyoeisha Chemical Co Ltd
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Kyoeisha Chemical Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21CMANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
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Abstract

本发明提供一种革新的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,它不仅与常规的粉末或颗粒状的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂一样能用于苛刻的拉丝加工条件如高温、高压和高速,以及能应对从细径到粗径的宽范围的线径缩小直径和从低速到高速的宽范围的线速度,而且不限于加工形状的具有出色的功能如润滑性、随动性、铺展性、粘附性、耐热性、加工性、作业性、安全性、耐久性和生产性,并能有效的改善工作环境,对全球环境友好。所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料包括一种膜,该膜包含10-90重量%饱和脂肪酸金属盐和10-90重量%热塑性树脂。

Description

用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,所述带状润滑材料用于维持温度的加工状态,方法为通过在进行拉丝时,当该母材被拉出且直径缩小时,防止由如线材料或杆的母材与模头之间的直接接触产生的烧结。
背景技术
用于干式拉丝的粉末或颗粒润滑剂在拉丝加工中广泛使用。在拉丝加工中,将由钢铁或非铁金属制成的粗径线材或杆材的母材从如模头的型钢的孔拉出,缩小直径成细径线材或杆材,且塑性变形。使用这种用于干式拉丝的润滑剂以防止母材与模头直接接触,从而有助于滑动以保持稳定的加工状态。
例如,专利文献1公开了一种不含硼酸盐的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂,其包括饱和脂肪酸的金属盐、不含硼的水溶性无机缩合化合物和/或缩合前体化合物。包括脂肪酸的金属盐、无机物质和添加剂的这种润滑剂是粉末状或颗粒状的。所述粉末或颗粒状的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂被广泛使用,因为它可用于苛刻的拉丝加工条件如高温、高压和高速,以及能应对从细径到粗径的线径缩小直径和从低速到高速的线速度。
如图4所示,拉丝加工时,将大量的所述粉末或颗粒状的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂投入模头箱3之中,其一部分被与线材2一起拉入模头4,从而在该线材2上形成润滑膜6,防止线材2与模头4直接接触。被投入模头箱3的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂10,有约20%与线材2一起被拉入模头4并消耗,但是为了保证拉丝质量,剩下的润滑剂不能再使用,因为受加工热的影响,用于干式拉丝的润滑剂10部分分解成碳,使其润滑能力下降,或者所述线材2的摩擦粉末或模头4被污染。因此,所有剩下的润滑剂不得不丢弃。
近年来,社会形势转向关注通过资源的再利用等来保护全球环境,上面提到的大量消耗/大量丢弃就成为了问题。因为上面提到的润滑剂是粉末或颗粒状的,使用时粉尘等会导致工作环境恶化、危害作业者健康、和环境污染等问题。此外,还必须根据加工的形状来适当的使用和调节所述用于干式拉丝的润滑剂的颗粒形状,这导致作业者和制造者的低效率。鉴于上述问题,需要一种革新的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂材料,其能有效的改善工作环境,对全球环境友好,且不是粉末状的,同时维持加工性和生产性。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1:JP2010-111767A
发明内容
本发明要解决的问题
本发明用于解决前面提到的问题。因此,本发明的目的是提供一种革新的应用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,它不仅与常规的粉末或颗粒状的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂一样能用于苛刻的拉丝加工条件如高温、高压和高速,以及能应对从细径到粗径的宽范围的线径缩小直径和从低速到高速的宽范围的线速度,而且不限于加工形状的具有出色的功能如润滑性、随动性、铺展性、粘附性、耐热性、加工性、作业性、安全性、耐久性和生产性,并能有效的改善工作环境,对全球环境友好。本发明的其它目的是提供一种制备所述带状润滑材料的方法,以及一种使用所述带状润滑材料的拉丝方法。
解决问题的手段
本发明用于达到前面提到的目的。本发明的一种用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料包括一种膜,该膜包含10-90重量%饱和脂肪酸的金属盐和10-90重量%热塑性树脂。
在所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料中,所述饱和脂肪酸可以是丁酸、己酸、辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、十一烷酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、山萮酸、二十四烷酸、二十六烷酸、褐煤酸、和/或三十烷酸。
在所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料中,所述热塑性树脂可以是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈/苯乙烯共聚物树脂、丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物树脂、乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物树脂、甲基丙烯酸树脂(methacrylresin)、聚氯乙烯、聚酰胺、聚缩醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚甲基戊烯、聚碳酸酯、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚四氟乙烯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚丙烯酸酯、聚砜、聚醚砜和/或聚酰胺酰亚胺。
在所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料中,所述金属盐可以是锂盐、钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、铝盐、锌盐、钡盐和/或其复合金属盐。
所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料还可包括硼酸、硼酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硝酸盐、熟石灰、二氧化钛、滑石、云母、石墨、二硫化钼、层状双氢氧化物和/或硫。
一种用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的制备方法,其包括加热和捏制10-90重量%饱和脂肪酸金属盐和10-90重量%热塑性树脂以制备混合物;将该混合物形成为膜;以及将该膜成形为带状。
一种拉丝方法,其包括:用如权利要求1所述的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料覆盖待拉丝处理的母材;将所述母材穿过模头的孔,并从该孔连续的拉出缩小直径的母材,以进行拉丝。
在所述拉丝方法中,可用所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料卷绕或固定所述母材以覆盖该母材。
在所述拉丝方法中,所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料可通过辊引导,并卷绕在所述母材周围以覆盖该母材。
在所述拉丝方法中,所述母材可由金属制成。
本发明的有益效果
根据本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料和一种待加工如拉丝加工的母材一起拉进模头且与加工形状无关,以及在所述母材上形成润滑膜以防止由如线材料或杆的母材与模头之间的直接接触产生的烧结,从而维持稳定的加工状态。对于拉丝加工条件,所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料可用于苛刻的拉丝加工条件如高温、高压和高速,以及能应对从细径到粗径的宽范围的线径缩小直径和从低速到高速的宽范围的线速度。
当使用常规粉末或颗粒状的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂时,其单次用量非常大且它们产生的没有完全消耗的废弃物多达总量的80%。因此,常规粉末或颗粒状的润滑剂是没有收益的。与常规粉末或颗粒状的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂不同,本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料因为是带状的,可以完全消耗,且单次用量保持较低,不会引起大量消耗/大量处理。此外,本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料同时具有功能效果,如润滑性、随动性、铺展性、粘附性、耐热性、加工性和耐久性。当使用线材作为母材并需要在多个阶段缩小直径时,通常在每一阶段都需要用于干式拉丝的润滑剂。但是本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料可只在初始时或间隔的使用,从而在所述线材的表面形成足够的润滑膜并维持它的效果,从而可以改善生产效率和降低成本。
本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料可以安全的使用,对全球环境友好,不会像粉末或颗粒状那样产生粉尘,导致工作环境恶化、危害作业者健康、和环境污染。
根据一种用于制备本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的方法,可以常规且有效的制备一种用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,其能形成为膜状并且具有出色的效果如润滑性、随动性、铺展性、粘附性、耐热性、加工性和耐久性。
根据本发明的一种拉丝方法,通过使用用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,待加工缩小直径的母材可以可靠的进行塑性变形,且可重复缩小直径而无需再次卷绕所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,因此非常有效率。
附图简述
图1是透视图,显示了适用本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料使用状态的概要。
图2是透视图,显示了使用适用本发明的拉丝方法时,将用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料卷绕线材周围的中途过程。
图3是透视图,显示了使用适用本发明的拉丝方法时,将用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料卷绕线材周围时,通过用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料固定母材的中途过程。
图4是透视图,显示了不适用本发明的用于干式拉丝的润滑材料使用状态的概要。
字母或符号说明
1:用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,2:线材,3:模头箱;4:模头,引用符号,5:模头孔,6:润滑膜,7a,7b和7c:一对辊,10:用于干式拉丝的润滑剂。
本发明的实施方式
下面将详细描述本发明的实施方式,但本发明的范围不限于这些实施方式。
根据本发明的一种用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料包括一种膜并成形为带状,该膜包含处于均匀捏制状态的10-90重量%饱和脂肪酸的金属盐和10-90重量%热塑性树脂。
组成所述饱和脂肪酸的金属盐的饱和脂肪酸可以是具有3-29碳原子的直链、支链、或环状饱和脂肪酸。具体例子包括丁酸、己酸、辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、十一烷酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、山萮酸、二十四烷酸、二十六烷酸、褐煤酸、和/或三十烷酸。其中,可工业获得的肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸是优选的。
组成所述饱和脂肪酸的金属盐的示例性金属盐包括锂盐、钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、铝盐、锌盐、钡盐和/或其复合金属盐。其中,锂盐、钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、铝盐和钡盐是优选的。钠盐是水溶性的,且适用于用于电镀的母材的加工条件,因为在其表面处理中有需要清洗母材的步骤。另一方面,钙盐不是水溶性的,且适用于母材无需电镀或水清洗步骤的加工条件。锂盐和钾盐优选的用于改善所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的耐热性。以及镁盐和铝盐优选的用于改善对线材的粘附性,从而当所述线材拉进模头时,能方便的在所述线材表面形成均匀的膜。此外,当与钙盐一起使用时,钡盐可改善钙盐的耐热性。
这些饱和脂肪酸的金属盐可以单独的、两种或两种以上组合的使用。所述饱和脂肪酸的金属盐可以以10-90重量%,优选的50重量%,更优选的30重量%的数量包含于所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料中。如果饱和脂肪酸的金属盐的含量小于10重量%或大于90重量%,耐热性或润滑性的效果会降低。
示例性热塑性树脂包括聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈/苯乙烯共聚物树脂、丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物树脂、乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物树脂、甲基丙烯酸树脂、聚氯乙烯、聚酰胺、聚缩醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚甲基戊烯、聚碳酸酯、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚四氟乙烯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚丙烯酸酯、聚砜、聚醚砜和/或聚酰胺酰亚胺。这些热塑性树脂可以单独的、两种或两种以上组合的使用。其中,具有出色的热稳定性的聚醚砜是优选的,因为由它可提供具有出色耐热性的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料。
所述热塑性树脂可以以10-90重量%,优选的30重量%,更优选的50重量%的数量包含于所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料中。如果热塑性树脂的含量小于10重量%或大于90重量%,耐热性或润滑性的效果会降低,且变得难以成形为带状。
根据本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料处理包含饱和脂肪酸的金属盐和热塑性树脂以外,必要时可包括无机物质和/或添加剂。所述无机物质和/或添加剂的含量在不会损坏所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料效果的范围内,且占所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的10-40重量%。
示例性无机物质包括硼酸、硼酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硝酸盐、熟石灰、二氧化钛、滑石、云母、石墨、二硫化钼、层状双氢氧化物和硫。这些无机物质可以单独的、两种或两种以上组合的使用。
当与作为主要成分的饱和脂肪酸的金属盐和热塑性树脂组合时,这些无机物质可改善用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的功能。例如,所述饱和脂肪酸的金属盐和所述无机物质的一种优选的组合包括:无机物质优选的为水溶性的硼酸以及饱和脂肪酸的金属盐为饱和脂肪酸钠盐。另一优选的组合包括:无机物质为非水溶性的熟石灰以及饱和脂肪酸的金属盐为饱和脂肪酸钾盐。
示例性添加剂包括硼酸、硼酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硝酸盐、熟石灰、二氧化钛、滑石、云母、石墨、二硫化钼、层状双氢氧化物和硫。这些添加剂可以单独的、两种或两种以上组合的使用。
用下述方式制备根据本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料。
使用加热捏合机混合和加热/熔融10-90份以重量计的饱和脂肪酸金属盐和10-90份以重量计的热塑性树脂,所述饱和脂肪酸金属盐通过将加热的/熔融的饱和脂肪酸与具有组成所述饱和脂肪酸金属盐的金属的化合物反应来获得。用辊压机或加热型压制机压制均匀捏制所述混合物后所得的固体,以成形为片状、膜状或薄膜状,且通过切片机成品为带状,由此获得用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料。
必要时可预先在所述饱和脂肪酸金属盐中混合无机物质或添加剂。所述饱和脂肪酸金属盐可以以粉末、颗粒、团块或固体的形式使用。
所得用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的宽度、厚度、和长度没有具体限定,可根据母材和拉丝加工条件适当设定。可将几十厘米到1米的片材卷绕成薄片卷状来用作用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,或者可适当切割并卷绕成胶带卷状来用作用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料。
所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的宽度没有具体限定,可根据拉丝加工中母材的形状、直径、长度和材质而适当调节,但优选的宽度应能使在所述母材表面上形成润滑膜。且其宽度可与母材的直径相当。
所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的厚度没有具体限定,可根据拉丝加工中母材的形状、直径、长度和材质而适当调节,但最优化的厚度随模头半角变化。当所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的膜厚过厚时,它可能无法与所述母材一起被拉进模头。
所得用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料与作为由金属制成的加工母材的线材2一起拉入模头4,并在使用例如如图1所示的模头箱3中的模头4进行的拉丝加工时使用。例如,所述拉丝加工的方法如下。所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1与所述线材2一起对准模头孔5设置,然后在该线材2拉入模头4时缠绕在该线材2周围并拉入模头4。当所述线材2从所述模头4拉出时,它变成了进行塑性变形和拉丝加工的所需的线材2。而且,与该线材2一起拉入模头4的所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,通过压力接触和热接触,在所述线材2的表面形成润滑膜6。
所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1可以预先螺旋的包卷在该线材2周围并使用,或者可以用该润滑材料垂直的或横向的固定该线材2来使用。因此,只要是带状的膜,所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1的形状不限于平坦状或平滑状,且可具有起伏、扭结、扭曲或翘曲。
当所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1卷绕在所述线材2周围时,可使用用于卷绕的辊。例如如图2所示,可以用一对左右辊7a固定所述线材2和所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1使后者沿着前者设置,以及可扭曲所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1,以及可用一对上下辊7b固定所述线材2和所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1从而使后者环绕前者,并旋转。在这种情况下,可通过包封的方式用所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1卷绕所述线材2,并由此覆盖所述线材2,并且保持该状态直到拉入模头4的模头孔5。左右对辊7a和上下对辊7b中的全部辊,都可在母材从模头孔5拉出时自动旋转,或者通过驱动源(未显示)的驱动动力主动旋转。
当相对宽的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1卷绕所述线材2时,可通过包封的方式沿其形状覆盖所述线材2,以及所述线材2和所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1可用主体中部有凹陷的一对左右辊7c固定,且所述线材2由此通过用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料1包封和卷绕,并且保持该状态直到拉入模头4的模头孔5(见图3)。
拉丝加工条件没有具体限定,可使用与应用用于拉丝加工的常规润滑剂的条件类似的条件。
只要是由金属如铁和钢制成的,母材没有具体限定,且具体的示例包括线材,线,管,棒和杆。
必要时可对所述母材进行预处理。具体的预处理示例包括酸处理、弯曲、喷丸、和鼓风。
具体实施方式详述
以下详细说明本发明的具体实施方式,但是本发明的范围不限于所述具体实施方式。
实施例1显示了适用本发明的、实验制备用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的示例,比较例1显示了不适用本发明的、用于干式拉丝的粉末润滑剂,比较例2显示了不适用本发明的、带状聚乙烯。
(实施例1)
在配备搅拌装置的反应容器内,在搅拌下加热/熔融以重量计75份的工业用硬脂酸,然后添加以重量计25份的熟石灰。将此混合物持续加热/搅拌至变粘。当混合物变硬时,停止加热/搅拌,取出冷却并研磨,从而使其500目分子筛的通过率为约60%,由此得到作为一种饱和脂肪酸金属盐的钙基润滑剂。在180℃下,用热捏炼机(商品名:Labo Plasto Mill)加热/捏制以重量计70份的所得饱和脂肪酸金属盐和以重量计20份的作为热塑性树脂的聚乙烯。通过加热型压制机,将所得固体成形为膜厚度为0.5毫米或更小的片材,然后用切片机切割成宽度为8毫米的带,由此得到用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料。
(比较例1)
在配备搅拌装置的反应容器内,在搅拌下加热/熔融以重量计75份的工业用硬脂酸,然后添加以重量计25份的熟石灰。将此混合物持续加热/搅拌至变粘。当混合物变硬时,停止加热/搅拌,取出冷却并研磨,从而使其500目分子筛的通过率为约60%,由此得到用于干式拉丝的钙基润滑剂。
(比较例2)
在180℃下,用热捏炼机(商品名:Labo Plasto Mill)加热/捏制聚乙烯。通过加热型压制机,将所得固体成形为膜厚度为0.5毫米或更小的片材,然后切割成带,得到带状聚乙烯。
(拉丝加工性能评估)
通过拉丝机进行了拉丝加工的性能评估,分别使用实施例1的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料、比较例1的用于干式拉丝的钙基润滑剂、和比较例2的带状聚乙烯,作为线材的润滑剂。
通过用12重量%水性氢氯酸溶液的酸清洗,去除作为母材的线材(碳钢72A材质)表面的氧化刮痕,然后用水清洗几遍,并浸没在1重量%的水性硼砂溶液中,加热到约80℃以中和该酸处理和防腐蚀。将加工的线材从水性硼砂溶液中取出,并干燥从而在加工的线材表面形成硼砂膜,完成预处理过程。随后,就将1克实施例1所得的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,投入模头箱,并在以下条件下拉丝该预处理的线材:线速度:40m/分,线径缩小直径:2.8mmφ→2.5mmφ→2.25mmφ→2.00mmφ3个阶段,拉丝力:2kg。在拉丝加工的3阶段中,只在第一阶段中使用润滑材料,且没有在第二和第三阶段中使用润滑材料。
类似的,分别用300克比较例1的用于干式拉丝的钙基润滑剂、和1克比较例2的带状聚乙烯取得所述润滑材料,进行加工的线材的拉丝。
通过润滑剂进行拉丝加工的线材表面的肉眼观察结果见表1。
表1
Figure BDA0000455570490000101
如表1所明确显示,对于实施例1的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料在所有的线径下,拉丝后都能在所述线材的表面延展成均匀的膜状,但对于比较例1的常规的、粉末状的用于干式拉丝的钙基润滑剂,在第二和后续的阶段出现了因为润滑剂膜破裂而导致的金属光泽。对于比较例2的带状聚乙烯,只包括热塑性树脂,没有在所述线材表面形成均匀的润滑膜,并且在第一阶段就出现了金属光泽,因此第二阶段被迫取消。
分别用一种用于拉丝线材的清洗剂(Light Clcan A-1,共荣社化学株式会社(KYOEISHA CHEMICAL))清洗进行拉丝加工的所述线材。计算清洗前后每种润滑剂沉积量以重量计的差别。然后用激光显微镜观察该清洗过的线材的表面,放大倍数为400,结果见表2。
表2
Figure BDA0000455570490000111
如表2明确所示,发现当使用实施例1的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料时,所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的沉积量趋于多,且对于所有线径而言与比较例相比时,由模头和线材直接接触产生的平坦区域比例(平坦率)趋于低。换句话说,已确认实施例1具有好的拉丝状态。另一方面,在第二阶段和后续的阶段中,比较例1的平坦率趋于高于实施例1,且在第三阶段拉丝后观察到部分烧结。换句话说,已确认比较例1在第三阶段和后续的阶段中拉丝状态很差。对于比较例2,在第一阶段中就在许多地方观察到烧结。换句话说,已确认比较例2拉丝状态很差。
由于常规的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂与热塑性树脂的相互作用,实施例1中的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料改善了润滑膜的性能和延展性,且因为成带状有效的拉入模头,从而可形成均匀的润滑膜。因为这些效果,可以预期用量较少时就能有效的拉丝,且与常规的用于干式拉丝的润滑剂相比有好的效率。此外,因为成带状,可以预期与常规的用于干式拉丝的粉末或颗粒状的润滑剂相比,很难发生因粉尘导致的工作环境恶化等。
工业实用性
根据本发明的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料可用于在拉丝加工,在拉丝加工中,将由钢铁等金属制成的粗径母材如线材,线,管,棒和杆,从如模头的型钢的孔拉出并缩小直径,以及随后将所述线材、杆等塑性变形以缩小直径。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,其包括:
一种膜,该膜包含10-90重量%饱和脂肪酸的金属盐和10-90重量%热塑性树脂。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,其中,所述饱和脂肪酸是丁酸、己酸、辛酸、壬酸、癸酸、十一烷酸、月桂酸、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸、花生酸、山萮酸、二十四烷酸、二十六烷酸、褐煤酸、和/或三十烷酸。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,其中,所述热塑性树脂是聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、丙烯腈/苯乙烯共聚物树脂、丙烯腈/丁二烯/苯乙烯共聚物树脂、乙烯/醋酸乙烯酯共聚物树脂、甲基丙烯酸树脂、聚氯乙烯、聚酰胺、聚缩醛、聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯、聚甲基戊烯、聚碳酸酯、聚苯硫醚、聚醚醚酮、聚四氟乙烯、聚醚酰亚胺、聚丙烯酸酯、聚砜、聚醚砜和/或聚酰胺酰亚胺。
4.如权利要求1-3任一项所述的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,其中,所述金属盐是锂盐、钠盐、钾盐、钙盐、镁盐、铝盐、锌盐、钡盐和/或其复合金属盐。
5.如权利要求1-4任一项所述的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料,其中,所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料还包括硼酸、硼酸盐、磷酸盐、硫酸盐、碳酸盐、硝酸盐、熟石灰、二氧化钛、滑石、云母、石墨、二硫化钼、层状双氢氧化物和/或硫。
6.一种用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料的制备方法,其包括:
加热和捏制10-90重量%饱和脂肪酸的金属盐和10-90重量%热塑性树脂,以制备混合物;
将该混合物形成为膜;以及
将该膜成形为带状。
7.一种拉丝方法,其包括:
用如权利要求1所述的用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料覆盖待拉丝处理的母材;
将所述母材穿过模头的孔,并从该孔连续的拉出缩小直径的母材,以进行拉丝。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法,其中,用所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料卷绕或固定所述母材以覆盖该母材。
9.如权利要求7和8任一项所述的方法,其中,所述用于干式拉丝的带状润滑材料通过辊引导,并卷绕在所述母材周围以覆盖该母材。
10.如权利要求7-9任一项所述的方法,其中,所述母材由金属制成。
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