CN103626583B - Slow-release fertilizer for planting dendrobium officinale and production method of fertilizer - Google Patents
Slow-release fertilizer for planting dendrobium officinale and production method of fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slow-release fertilizer for planting dendrobium officinale and a production method of the fertilizer. The slow-release fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-60 parts of pine bran, 10-20 parts of plant ash, 8-15 parts of peanut bran, 8-15 parts of bat excrement, 3-5 parts of urea, 2-5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, 1-2 parts of ferrous sulfate and 10-20 parts of biogas residues fermented in a methane tank. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, processing the raw materials by steam at 100-110 DEG C, and then adding biogas slurry fermented in the methane tank; adjusting the moisture content to 50-80%; putting into a cement pit or an earthen jar to hermetically ferment for 30-60 days; and adding a controlled release formulation, and preparing into granules by a granulator.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the required fertilizer of a kind of plant growing, particularly plant fertilizer and the production method of Herba Dendrobii.
Background technology
In state-owned sentence old saying be called " there is ginseng in north; Nan Youfeng bucket "; described maple bucket; it is curling group's shape particle that stem of Dendrobium is made; the stem of noble dendrobium; particularly Herba Dendrobii (Dendrobium candidum wall.ex Lindl.) is the orchid family (Orchidaeae) Dendrobium (Dendrobium) per nnial herb; it is China's rare Chinese medicine; it is Chinese Second Class Key Protected Plant; have the laudatory title of " the celestial grass of China ", " gold in medicine "; first of row " Chinese nine immortal grass ", be called by international medicinal plant circle " medicine circle giant panda ".The effect such as there is immunomodulatory, delay senility.Be not only the essential raw material of familiar " MAILUONING ZHUSHEYE ", or the necessary raw material of tens of kinds of Chinese patent medicines and healthcare products.
In Shennong's Herbal, Herba Dendrobii is listed in top grade, have nourishing Yin and moistening lung, nourishing the stomach to promote the production of body fluid, the effect such as moisten the lung and relieve the cough.Modern pharmacological research shows, Herba Dendrobii also has strengthening immunity, anti-ageing, anticancer, antifatigue, the effect of vasodilation.Herba Dendrobii is mainly distributed in the tropical and subtropical region such as China, Thailand, Burma, Vietnam, domestic with Guangxi, Yunnan, Deng Weiyuan main producing region, Guizhou.Because human lives's scope constantly expands, add long-term transition harvesting, existing wild resource has been on the verge of exhaustion, and purchase volume significantly declines.China has forbidden felling for many years, and market value is significantly raised up.Herba Dendrobii is difficult to meet the need of market because wild resource is exhausted, therefore needs a large amount of artificial cultures to meet the market demand of continuous expansion.
That wild Dendrodium is grown in is warm, moistening, in few illumination, suitably ventilative, root system breathe freely, draining is good environment from life, need to adhere to trees, precipice seam is climbed raw or hanging growth, the growth of iron sheet is to quite harshness of the requirement of environment.Some scientific research institutions of China and business unit constantly explore and test group training and the artificial cultivation technique of orchid Herba Dendrobii, obtained certain achievement, but remained at Herba Dendrobii transplanting survival rate lowly, the speed of growth is slow, the subject matters such as output is not high, and active constituent content is low.
People have studied the growth conditions of Herba Dendrobii in recent years, and various places plantation Herba Dendrobii is greatly developed, and the document of research Herba Dendrobii fertilizer also has, for example:
1, Chinese patent: application number: the CN201310237520.X applying date: 2013.06.17 open (bulletin) number: CN103304315A open (bulletin) day: 2013.09.18 applies for (patent right) people: Xiamen Eagle Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; Summary: a kind of Herba Dendrobii plantation fertilizer of growing nonparasitically upon another plant that is applicable to, the cow dung of its glutinous paste that is 5:1-1:5 by weight ratio and fermentation forms, the raw material of this fertilizer is simple and easy to get, organic rational natural resources that utilized, is conducive to environmental protection, and fertilizer application of the present invention is grown nonparasitically upon another plant in plantation in Herba Dendrobii, Herba Dendrobii grow nonparasitically upon another plant growth surviving rate reach more than 98%, permeablely be difficult for rotten, sick, worm harm is few, is extremely conducive to the pseudo-wild cultivating of Herba Dendrobii.The preparation method that the present invention also provides above-mentioned Herba Dendrobii to grow nonparasitically upon another plant plantation fertilizer, its preparation technology is simple, is conducive to suitability for industrialized production.The present invention also provides a kind of Herba Dendrobii to imitate the wild implantation methods of growing nonparasitically upon another plant, and this implantation methods is simple, is easy to apply.
2, Chinese patent: a kind of preparation method's application number of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix: the CN201310231590.4 applying date: 2013.06.12 open (bulletin) number: CN103319235A open (bulletin) day: 2013.09.25 applies for (patent right) people: He Han; Summary: the preparing technical field of a plant cultivation matrix, is specifically related to a kind of preparation method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation matrix.Specifically: cultivation matrix is made up of Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, sawdust, river sand, peanut press pulp, microbial strains, first Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae, sawdust, peanut press pulp are fermented into bio-feritlizer with microbial strains, then bio-feritlizer and river sand are mixed and be stirred into production cultivation matrix.In the present invention, applied river sand water retention property is good, and in production, the water management of matrix is few more over half than tradition.And Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae volume is large, the matrix of composition is loose ventilative good, and Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae plastid is firmly not perishable, and Nutrient Transformation is slow, has formed a long-acting and balanced nutrient supply system; Meanwhile, matrix quality is loose, and the root system that is conducive to Herba Dendrobii is grown more, accelerates thus the speed of growth of Herba Dendrobii and improves its output.By implementing the present invention, be more conducive to Herba Dendrobii batch production, mass-producing, the production of intensive ground artificial culture.
3, Chinese patent: the cultivation matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii high-density planting, high yield, the applying date: 2012.09.28 application number: CN201210380075.8 open (bulletin) number: CN103102209A open (bulletin) day: 2013.05.15 applies for (patent right) people: immortality source, Guangdong bio tech ltd; Summary: the cultivation matrix of a kind of Herba Dendrobii high-density planting, high yield, comprises matrix fertilizer layer and the drainage layer that is layed in matrix fertilizer layer bottom; The complex body that matrix fertilizer layer is mixed by the volume ratio of 6: 4～4: 6 by wood particle and assorted bark piece, through banking up, thermophilic fermentation forms; Filtering layer effluent sand, little Tao sheet, sawdust and finger stone are mixed in proportion and form.That the present invention has is loose ventilative, fertilizer conservation water conservation, with low cost, surviving rate high, utilizes cultivation matrix of the present invention, can realize Herba Dendrobii high-density planting, and yield and quality is all better than the Herba Dendrobii of other cultivation matrixes plantations simultaneously.
4, Chinese patent: a kind of special fertilizer and making method of officinal dendrobium stem plantation, application number: the CN201010280874.9 applying date: 2010.09.14 open (bulletin) number: CN102399095A open (bulletin) day: 2012.04.04 applies for (patent right) people: Guangxi Municipality Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Summary: the special fertilizer of a kind of officinal dendrobium stem plantation and making method, belong to organic fertilizer technical field.The physical environment and the feature with endomycorrhiza wild according to Herba Dendrobii, develop the special cultivation fertilizer of suitable Growth of Dendrobium candidum, its formula is: tea bran: fish meal: and bone meal (2～4: 4～8: 4～8), a small amount of phosphate fertilizer, the water of 100 times of weight.Preparation method is: each component is poured in plastic tank by proportioning simultaneously, mixed, ferment 3～6 months, after fermenting-ripening, collect supernatant liquor, to obtain final product.The invention solves that Herba Dendrobii seedling transplanting success is low, growth is slow, output is not high, the high difficult problem of cultivation cost, Herba Dendrobii seedling transplanting success is reached more than 98%, and 1-3 is bloomed or produces cauline leaf, output high (more than per mu yield 250kg) in advance, active constituent content is high, of fine quality.For the quick cultivating of Herba Dendrobii provides technical guarantee, by the exploitation to Herba Dendrobii, utilize and meet people's living needs and play positive pushing effect, there are important economic results in society.
Above-mentioned open source literature has provided fertilizer or the culture medium of some Herba Dendrobiis, make the artificial culture of Herba Dendrobii can obtain a fairly large number of Herba Dendrobii product, replace the situation of plucking natural Herba Dendrobii, but, disclosed Herba Dendrobii fertilizer also has more defect, and it is good that the artificial Herba Dendrobii quality that cultivation obtains is not so good as natural Herba Dendrobii.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is according to the wild environment of Herba Dendrobii and feature, and preparation is applicable to Herba Dendrobii Fast Growth, superior in quality special fertilizer.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
The production method of the slow release fertilizer of plantation Herba Dendrobii, comprise the raw material of following parts by weight: pine chaff 30-60 part, plant ash 10-20 part, peanut press pulp 8-15 part, bat ight soil 8-15 part, urea 3-5 part, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 2-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-2 part, natural pond slag 10-20 part that methane-generating pit ferments later, production method is first by 100-110 DEG C of steam treatment of above-mentioned raw materials high temperature, the natural pond liquid that adds again methane-generating pit to ferment later, adjustment moisture content is 50-80%, be put into sealing and fermenting 30-60 days in cement pit or pithos, add the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of sustained release dosage weight content 30-50%, in fertilizer: the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol water solution 5-8:1 mixes, use nodulizer granulation.
Using method, is put into granular fertilizer around the matrix of plantation Herba Dendrobii plant, does not press close to plant Herba Dendrobii plant, be allowed to condition under physical environment and slowly dissolve, absorb to Herba Dendrobii, general according to the growing state of Herba Dendrobii, every square metre of Herba Dendrobii planting tray adds 0.05-0.1 kilogram.
Above-described pine chaff is the sawdust that pine tree is sawed out, is the optimal matrix of Herba Dendrobii, and a lot of plantation Herba Dendrobiis are all using this as matrix at present, and pine chaff contains rosin, can prevent some disease and pests, also has soft, ventilative characteristic.
Plant ash contains a large amount of potash fertilizer, can ensure the sturdy and resistant to lodging of Herba Dendrobii stem stalk.
Peanut press pulp contains rich in protein and grease, and Herba Dendrobii sufficient nutrient is provided after fermentation;
Bat ight soil contains a large amount of nitrogen phosphorus calcium, and nutritive ingredient is very abundant, can the whole nutrition system of balance calcium phosphorus level.
In peanut press pulp, protein content is higher, is a kind of efficient organic fertilizer.
The growth elements that urea 3-5 part, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, ferric sulfate 1-2 part are maintained Herba Dendrobii.
In formula, contain natural pond slag and natural pond liquid that methane-generating pit ferments later, be conducive to the growth of probiotic bacterium, can increase plant to phosphorus element and micro-absorption, simultaneously in addition degeneration-resistant, cold-resistant, disease-resistant, drought-resistant, damage to plants caused by sudden drop in temperature, the effect such as alkali, preventing from heavy metal and agricultural chemicals.
Fertilizer, through 100-110 DEG C of steam treatment of high temperature and sealing and fermenting 30-60 days, makes to go out except harmful microorganism, ensures the microbial environment of Herba Dendrobii.
Fertilizer adds sustained release dosage polyvinyl alcohol, makes fertilizer have slow releasing function, very good for the Herba Dendrobii that production phase is slow.
The fertilizer that the present invention is special, both met the nutritional need of Herba Dendrobii, be conducive to improve the surviving rate that Herba Dendrobii seedling is transplanted, improve the quality of Herba Dendrobii, and the speed of growth, stem of noble dendrobium growth rapidly, 1-3 is bloomed or produces cauline leaf in advance, output high (per mu yield is up to 300kg), and active constituent content is high, of fine quality, solve that stem of noble dendrobium seedling transplanting success is low, growth is slow, output is not high, the high difficult problem of cultivation cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The raw material (parts by weight) of the slow release fertilizer of plantation Herba Dendrobii: 30 parts of pine chaffs, 10 parts of plant ash, 8 parts of peanut press pulps, 8 parts, bat ight soil, 3 parts, urea, 2 parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 1 part, ferrous sulfate, 10 parts of the natural pond slags that methane-generating pit ferments later, production method is first by 100-110 DEG C of steam treatment of above-mentioned raw materials high temperature, the natural pond liquid that adds again methane-generating pit to ferment later, adjustment moisture content is 50-80%, be put into the interior sealing and fermenting of cement pit or pithos 30 days, add the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of sustained release dosage weight content 30-50%, in fertilizer: the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol water solution 5:1 mixes, use nodulizer granulation.While using, according to the growing state of Herba Dendrobii, every square metre of Herba Dendrobii planting tray adds 0.05-0.1 kilogram.
Embodiment 2
The raw material (parts by weight) of the slow release fertilizer of plantation Herba Dendrobii: 40 parts of pine chaffs, 15 parts of plant ash, 10 parts of peanut press pulps, 10 parts, bat ight soil, 4 parts, urea, 4 parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, 15 parts of the natural pond slags that methane-generating pit ferments later, production method is first by 100-110 DEG C of steam treatment of above-mentioned raw materials high temperature, the natural pond liquid that adds again methane-generating pit to ferment later, adjustment moisture content is 50-80%, be put into sealing and fermenting 30-60 days in cement pit or pithos, add the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of sustained release dosage weight content 30-50%, in fertilizer: the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol water solution 6:1 mixes, use nodulizer granulation.While using, according to the growing state of Herba Dendrobii, every square metre of Herba Dendrobii planting tray adds 0.05-0.1 kilogram.
Embodiment 3
The raw material (parts by weight) of the slow release fertilizer of plantation Herba Dendrobii: 50 parts of pine chaffs, 18 parts of plant ash, 12 parts of peanut press pulps, 12 parts, bat ight soil, 4 parts, urea, 4 parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 1 part, ferrous sulfate, 18 parts of the natural pond slags that methane-generating pit ferments later, production method is first by 100-110 DEG C of steam treatment of above-mentioned raw materials high temperature, the natural pond liquid that adds again methane-generating pit to ferment later, adjustment moisture content is 50-80%, be put into sealing and fermenting 30-60 days in cement pit or pithos, add the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of sustained release dosage weight content 30-50%, in fertilizer: the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol water solution 7:1 mixes, use nodulizer granulation.While using, according to the growing state of Herba Dendrobii, every square metre of Herba Dendrobii planting tray adds 0.05-0.1 kilogram.
Embodiment 4
The raw material (parts by weight) of the slow release fertilizer of plantation Herba Dendrobii: 60 parts of pine chaffs, 20 parts of plant ash, 15 parts of peanut press pulps, 15 parts, bat ight soil, 5 parts, urea, 5 parts, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate, 2 parts, ferrous sulfate, 20 parts of the natural pond slags that methane-generating pit ferments later, production method is first by 100-110 DEG C of steam treatment of above-mentioned raw materials high temperature, the natural pond liquid that adds again methane-generating pit to ferment later, adjustment moisture content is 50-80%, be put into sealing and fermenting 30-60 days in cement pit or pithos, add the polyvinyl alcohol water solution of sustained release dosage weight content 30-50%, in fertilizer: the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol water solution 8:1 mixes, use nodulizer granulation.While using, according to the growing state of Herba Dendrobii, every square metre of Herba Dendrobii planting tray adds 0.05-0.1 kilogram.
Application comparison test, the Herba Dendrobii of plantation Second Year, adjacent planting tray, matrix, illumination moisture are just the same.
Slow release fertilizer of the present invention: 300 kilograms of per mu yields, 25 centimetres of every strain Herba Dendrobii mean lengths, rhizome is full, leaf color jade green.
Peanut press pulp: 200 kilograms of per mu yields, 20 centimetres of every strain Herba Dendrobii mean lengths, rhizome is full, leaf color jade green.
Claims (2)
1. kind plant the production method of the slow release fertilizer of Herba Dendrobii, it is characterized in that: the raw material that comprises following parts by weight: pine chaff 30-60 part, plant ash 10-20 part, peanut press pulp 8-15 part, bat ight soil 8-15 part, urea 3-5 part, fused(calcium magnesium)phosphate 2-5 part, ferrous sulfate 1-2 part, natural pond slag 10-20 part that methane-generating pit ferments later, production method is first by 100-110 DEG C of steam treatment of above-mentioned raw materials high temperature, the natural pond liquid that adds again methane-generating pit to ferment later, adjustment moisture content is 50-80%, be put into sealing and fermenting 30-60 days in cement pit or pithos, finally add sustained release dosage polyvinyl alcohol water solution, in fertilizer: the ratio of polyvinyl alcohol water solution 5-8:1 mixes, use nodulizer granulation.
2. the production method of the slow release fertilizer of plantation Herba Dendrobii according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the weight content of sustained release dosage polyvinyl alcohol water solution is 30-50%.
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| CN104119121A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-10-29 | 张松波 | Special fertilizer for dendrobe |
| CN104261909A (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2015-01-07 | 林文罗 | Preparation method of bio-organic fertilizer |
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| CN104876753A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-02 | 广西白石灵草铁皮石斛开发有限公司 | Dendrobium officinale liquid fertilizer and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN104973964A (en) * | 2015-06-30 | 2015-10-14 | 柏斯红 | Dendrobium officinale planting fertilizer, and preparation method thereof |
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| CN105367324A (en) * | 2015-10-26 | 2016-03-02 | 安徽霍山县药王谷林农科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for dendrobium huoshanense and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106380293A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-02-08 | 茂名市电白区绿缘绿色食品有限公司 | Vegetable cultivation fertilizer |
| CN107698332A (en) * | 2017-11-03 | 2018-02-16 | 广西壮族自治区金秀瑶族自治县科学技术情报研究所 | Plant the slow release fertilizer and its production method of the root of kudzu vine |
| CN108218571A (en) * | 2018-01-13 | 2018-06-29 | 常州大学 | A kind of distributing pig farm fermentation waste prepares slow-release fertilizer method with zeolite compound |
| CN108925401A (en) * | 2018-05-05 | 2018-12-04 | 安徽霍山斛花郎石斛开发有限公司 | A kind of transplanting medium of bending resistance after making dendrobium candidum transplanting |
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