CN103619288A - 用于支持颌弯角的辅具 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种具有弹弓型外夹具的防打鼾辅具,支持颌弯角,并把下颌与面颊和上颌固定。夹具舒缓压力,分散压力,可弯曲,因此单独地可调节,并从颌弯角到面颊和上颌(也可选地向上越过到鼻梁)(图4和图5)固定,以支持(皮肤)(图1),这样,阻止了下颌向下后方垂落而在睡眠期间阻塞喉咙中的气道。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种支持夹具,适用于贴着面颊和上颌固定颌弯角以作为防打鼾的辅具。
背景技术
打鼾对于打鼾者和其同伴是一个大的全球性问题。约三分之一的成年人常常打鼾。当平均寿命长度增加,老年人因组织整体衰弱而普遍打鼾,人们普遍增重,导致比较窄的喉咙,打鼾者的人数估计在未来会增长。在社会中,与打鼾有关的问题越来越突出。
在呼吸期间,气压变化产生于鼻子到喉咙、到气管。鼻子和气管通常是硬的,不萎缩就足以应对压力变化。不过,喉咙比较软、有弹性,但通常也可以应对压力变化,因为肌肉在吸气期间会不经意地硬化喉咙。在睡眠期间,喉咙中的肌肉放松,可用于吸收空气的空间减小。这意味着,发生了对打鼾至关重要的生理事件,就是说,下颌和和面颊连同喉咙放松,并向下后方垂落,这大幅减小了喉咙中的空间。在吸气期间,喉咙的壁可一同吸入,并向内凸出。特殊的打鼾声因吸入效应而产生,即所谓的伯努利效应,这尤其在软颚和喉咙后部的壁处产生振动。长此以往,这就扩大了喉咙中的组织,并随着黏膜敏感性的减小,产生感觉障碍,这甚至进一步增加了打鼾声和打鼾。
至少10%的打鼾者,除了打鼾,在睡眠期间,还会呼吸中断,这导致支离破碎的睡眠和混乱的睡眠模式。气道暂时阻塞,且呼吸中断导致苏醒反应,这使人喘气呼吸。然而,当他们醒来时,这未必记得,反而感觉好像夜晚睡眠不佳。呼吸中断持续10秒或者更多时间称为呼吸暂停。在较长时间中重复的睡眠呼吸暂停,导致血液中氧的浓度较低,诸如高血压、心肌梗塞或中风的心血管疾病的风险大增,并且交通和工作事故的风险增加。在白天嗜睡可能非常糟糕,以致人可能在驾车、吃饭或谈话期间睡着。其它的症状可能是因小事情烦恼、好斗、不能集中注意力、抑郁或阳痿。
在治疗和自我护理打鼾的第一步中,推荐所谓的温室建议,例如减肥、戒酒、戒烟、不服安眠药和类似的肌肉放松药物以及不仰卧而睡,即所谓的姿势训练。
通常,这是不够的,或者不容易做到,于是,有了附加的待做的治疗,它们全部涉及偏离温室治疗的重大步骤,例如颚和喉咙手术,或者所谓的CPAP(持续气道正压通气);佩戴面具和电气泵的过压呼吸,大概说成是迷你呼吸器。上述第一个治疗涉及相对昂贵的手术,手术有缘于麻醉或局部麻醉的并发症风险、感染伤痛风险和恢复期。上述第二个治疗暗含巨大的受辱和同样的高成本,因为病人每晚必须佩带不舒服的管子和面具,固定于嗡嗡作响的机器。
由于打鼾的问题众所周知,广泛地分散在全球,除了上述极其重大的、涉及手术或CPAP的措施,几个技术旨在设法维持喉咙中的空间。它们的描述如下。
用于缓解打鼾问题的、设置为作用于颏、面颊和嘴的技术可以是口内的,即设置于嘴内的辅具,或者是口外的,即设置于嘴外的辅具。
有几个获得了专利的、或者申请专利的口内辅具,其中,大多数在口腔打鼾夹具、咬夹具或牙齿夹具的类别中,常命名为下颌前移装置,这可以描述为“下颌前拉辅具”,例如GB2264868、US6109265、CA2236503、CA2336604和US2008115791的专利。也有刺激肌肉、阻止嘴部和喉咙放松的口内系统,例如WO02066111的专利。
已知的促进呼吸和/或阻止打鼾的口外系统具有广泛的方案;不同的绷带支持颏,一些实际上在一百多年前第一次描述(例如GB190709828和GB191323245的专利),一些是更现代的变例,例如GB2264868、US6109265、CA2236503、CA2336604和US2008115791的专利。也有描述尤其在麻醉期间支持下颌的类似支架的架子(CN101422635的专利),用于颏的专用面具(JP2006175110的专利),不同种类的支持衣领(例如GB191209390、US4366815、US5289829、US6668834的专利),不同种类的支持颏和/或头的枕头(例如US4118813、US4748702、DE202004012390、US2007256694的专利),比较简单的双唇密封粘合胶带(JP11076286的专利),和完全覆盖整个嘴部的胶带(US4817636的专利)。也有描述弹性带,弹性带置于颏和颈部之下,以从下方提供支持(DE202004012829的专利)。
先前描述的和已知的口外辅具既没有解决问题,又不舒适,难以单独调节,或者在脸部、嘴唇、颏、面颊、喉咙或颌粗重地制造不适和压迫,因此不被许多打鼾者接受、使用。
发明内容
本申请中口外发明的目的是用后述的权利要求中所描述的特征来解决上述现有技术的问题。可以说,技术创造性是本发明本质上区别的、独有的能力,它能单独地、合适地钩住整个颌弯角,分散来自颌弯角的拉力,固定下颌与上颌,在睡眠期间下颌下垂处长度方向上朝着上颌顺着面部的弯曲度,并且,这种方式对使用者简单、安全和周到。
附图说明
现在结合附图用实例描述本发明,其中:
图1显示了夹具的俯视简图;
图2显示了置于面部的夹具的正视简图;
图3显示了在睡眠期间下颌向下后方垂落时,不带夹具的面部的侧视简图;
图4显示了在睡眠期间夹具置于面部并向前上方支持下颌时,面部的侧视简图;
图5显示了如图4的面部的简图,但是在侧视图中倾斜,夹具置于面部并在颌下面支持,并示出夹具置于颌弯角中的说明。
具体实施方式
图1显示了夹具的两个腿部1、弧形部分3和夹具的柄4,腿部1形成分叉部2,以分散拉力,弧形部分3单独地在颌弯角后面弯曲,以钩住颌弯角,柄4用于与上颌固定。夹具在其所有部分用薄石膏、胶带或类似物5粘附于支持物。夹具的柄4也可以延伸到越过鼻梁上以提供额外的稳定性。
图2显示了为支持整个下颌7而用在两侧颌弯角6上的夹具。夹具的柄4可以延伸到鼻梁上,以提供附加的稳定性。
图3显示了不带辅具的下颌,它在睡眠期间正常地向下后方9垂落。
图4显示了用颌弯角6上且与上颌固定的夹具向前上方10支持的下颌。
图5说明了当夹具的分叉部2在颌弯角每侧,夹具的弧形部分3如何钩住颌弯角6的后部,以及如何顺着颌弯角的弯曲度。
颌弯角用一整块夹具支持(图1),夹具具有弹弓的形状;Y字型的分叉部2用腿部1围住颌弯角6,以分散夹具的拉力,分叉部2的腿部在其末端用弧形、可弯曲的夹具3连接,夹具3钩住颌弯角6的后部。弧形和可弯曲性使夹具有可能在颌弯角周围和后部弯曲以安全地钩住同样的部分,不受使用者个人颌弯角形状和弯曲度的影响(图5)。夹具的柄4继续从下颌10下方往上方和前方向上延伸至面颊和上颌11。夹具平滑地贴着皮肤,不突出、不刺激使用者,弯曲能够顺着使用者个人颌弯角的弯曲度和个人面部的轮廓。夹具在其所有长度方向是非弹性的,以促进坚固性和固定。夹具的柄4也可以因为,例如面颊上胡须的大量生长,而继续向上延伸到越过鼻梁之上,从而增加坚固性和稳定性。夹具的所有部分用用外罩固定在支持物(皮肤)上,且在向着支持物一侧用粘合剂、亲肤薄石膏、胶带或类似物5。为了获得最佳效果,在每个颌弯角用夹具从两侧支持整个颌弯角(图2)。当颌弯角相对面颊和上颌固定时,阻止了下颌和下巴向后、向下垂落并阻塞喉咙(如图3),这样,维持了喉咙处的气道,并阻止了打鼾(图4和图5)。本夹具,制造廉价,临睡前使用简单,在醒来时以及在睡眠期间佩戴轻便,可按个人的颌弯角调整,可按面部的轮廓调整,不会在面部和喉咙的组织和结构上产生不适的压迫。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于支持颌弯角的防打鼾和睡眠呼吸暂停的辅具,其特征在于,整块的夹具,所述夹具包括腿部(1),所述腿部为带有弧形部分(3)的Y字型,所述弧形部分在分叉部(2)处与所述腿部的端部连接,钩住所述颌弯角(6),往前上方向朝向上颌和面颊支持所述颌弯角,从而阻止下颌和颏往后下方垂落。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于支持颌弯角的防打鼾和睡眠呼吸暂停的辅具,其特征在于,所述夹具为Y字型,所述夹具的柄(4)是直的,并延伸到面颊和上颌(11),或者可选地一直向上越过鼻梁(8)之上,用以提供附加的支持。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的辅具,其特征在于,所述辅具包括可弯曲的,并在其整个长度方向上是非弹性的材料,例如塑料板、硅胶、或者钢或铝之类的金属,或者带有类似性质的材料,以致所述夹具可以弯曲以顺着所述颌弯角自然弯曲度和个人的面部轮廓。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的辅具,其特征在于,所述辅具在其整个长度上具有粘附的能力,且展开地附在颌弯角(6)、颏和上颌(11)的皮肤上,并可选地向上至鼻梁(8)。
5.根据上述任一权利要求所述的辅具,其特征在于,外罩和在朝向支持物的一个侧面上的粘性薄材料(5),所述材料是亲肤的,并将所述夹具,例如石膏、或胶带、或具有类似性质的材料,固定到皮肤,以致所述夹具固定到颌弯角(6)、面颊和上颌(11)的皮肤,并可选地向上至鼻梁。
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SE1100215-1 | 2011-03-23 | ||
SE1100215A SE536192C2 (sv) | 2011-03-23 | 2011-03-23 | Hjälpmedel för stödjande av käkvinkeln |
PCT/SE2012/050309 WO2012128710A1 (en) | 2011-03-23 | 2012-03-21 | Aid for supporting of jaw angle |
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CN103619288A true CN103619288A (zh) | 2014-03-05 |
CN103619288B CN103619288B (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
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US (1) | US9962283B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2688529B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP6126575B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101975956B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN103619288B (zh) |
BR (1) | BR112013024320A2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2614715T3 (zh) |
PT (1) | PT2688529T (zh) |
SE (1) | SE536192C2 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2012128710A1 (zh) |
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CN106422063A (zh) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-22 | 刘帆 | 一种简易电激止鼾方法及装置 |
CN109219423A (zh) * | 2016-02-16 | 2019-01-15 | Blr优质睡眠有限责任公司 | 用于下颌骨支撑的方法和装置 |
TWI835454B (zh) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-03-11 | 江慧宜 | 真空支持裝置 |
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US10799387B2 (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2020-10-13 | BLR Sleepwell, LLC | Method and apparatus for reducing snoring |
US11246741B2 (en) | 2015-01-26 | 2022-02-15 | BLR Sleepwell, LLC | Method and apparatus for mandibular support |
US10010313B2 (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2018-07-03 | Richard L. Arden | Mandibular subluxation device and method |
US10258319B2 (en) | 2015-05-18 | 2019-04-16 | Richard L. Arden | Airway assist device and method |
US10828451B2 (en) | 2015-06-18 | 2020-11-10 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Passive nose bridge pressure distributing insert |
US10342526B2 (en) | 2015-07-01 | 2019-07-09 | Richard L. Arden | Airway assist device and method |
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- 2012-03-21 EP EP12760132.6A patent/EP2688529B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-03-21 PT PT127601326T patent/PT2688529T/pt unknown
- 2012-03-21 BR BR112013024320A patent/BR112013024320A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-03-21 US US14/006,699 patent/US9962283B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2012-03-21 JP JP2014501040A patent/JP6126575B2/ja active Active
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- 2012-03-21 CN CN201280014666.1A patent/CN103619288B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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CN109219423A (zh) * | 2016-02-16 | 2019-01-15 | Blr优质睡眠有限责任公司 | 用于下颌骨支撑的方法和装置 |
CN106422063A (zh) * | 2016-11-23 | 2017-02-22 | 刘帆 | 一种简易电激止鼾方法及装置 |
TWI835454B (zh) * | 2022-12-08 | 2024-03-11 | 江慧宜 | 真空支持裝置 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN103619288B (zh) | 2015-06-24 |
SE536192C2 (sv) | 2013-06-18 |
JP6126575B2 (ja) | 2017-05-10 |
EP2688529A4 (en) | 2014-09-10 |
WO2012128710A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
KR20140024869A (ko) | 2014-03-03 |
KR101975956B1 (ko) | 2019-05-08 |
EP2688529A1 (en) | 2014-01-29 |
PT2688529T (pt) | 2017-02-15 |
JP2014511725A (ja) | 2014-05-19 |
US20140048078A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
EP2688529B1 (en) | 2016-11-09 |
ES2614715T3 (es) | 2017-06-01 |
BR112013024320A2 (pt) | 2017-01-17 |
US9962283B2 (en) | 2018-05-08 |
SE1100215A1 (sv) | 2012-09-24 |
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