CN103613556B - 一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN103613556B
CN103613556B CN201310492477.1A CN201310492477A CN103613556B CN 103613556 B CN103613556 B CN 103613556B CN 201310492477 A CN201310492477 A CN 201310492477A CN 103613556 B CN103613556 B CN 103613556B
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tripolycyanamide hydrobromide
tripolycyanamide
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CN103613556A (zh
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彭治汉
赵海珠
何小春
彭治权
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Hunan Meilaipo Science And Technology Co ltd
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    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D251/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
    • C07D251/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D251/12Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D251/26Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D251/40Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D251/54Three nitrogen atoms
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D251/00Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings
    • C07D251/02Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings
    • C07D251/12Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
    • C07D251/26Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3,5-triazine rings not condensed with other rings having three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with only hetero atoms directly attached to ring carbon atoms
    • C07D251/40Nitrogen atoms
    • C07D251/54Three nitrogen atoms
    • C07D251/56Preparation of melamine

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Abstract

本发明涉及一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐及其制备方法,合成步骤为:在密闭容器中充入粒径大小范围在1~1000nm之间的三聚氰胺,再充入气态溴化氢,并在一定温度下反应一定时间,反应后收集得到白色固体即为三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。本发明的原料为超细三聚氰胺和气相溴化氢,原料来源丰富,无需溶剂,制备工艺流程简单,成本较水相法较低。本发明所得的三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐热稳定性好,与聚合物相容性好,解决了水相法生产三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐产生的生产成本及工艺繁复问题,适用范围广(适用于阻燃多种塑料、橡胶、纤维及涂料),具有良好的市场前景。

Description

一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐及其制备方法,特别是涉及一种无溶剂体系的三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐及其制备方法。
背景技术
高分子材料引起的各种火灾给人民的生命及生活财产带来了巨大的损失。阻燃剂的发明、发展就应运而生,并且具有比较大的应用前景。阻燃剂是指能够提高易燃或可燃物的难燃性、自熄性或消烟性的一种助剂,是重要的精细化工产品和合成材料的主要助剂之一。目前应用于各种高分子材料中的阻燃剂已经成为增塑剂之后的第二大添加剂。
三聚氰胺类阻燃剂属于氮系阻燃剂。绝大部分氮系阻燃剂受热分解为NH3、N2、NO2等无毒低腐蚀气体,同时还能吸热、降温和稀释可燃自由基以及气体的作用。
卤素阻燃剂以高效的阻燃效果被广泛应用,卤素阻燃剂的严重缺点是产生大量的具有腐蚀性的浓烟,但是我们可以通过减少卤素阻燃剂的添加量来减少浓烟的危害。而三聚氰胺基氢卤酸盐集卤素阻燃剂的高效、三聚氰胺气相阻燃于一身,是当下阻燃剂的研究热点。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐及其制备方法,特别是提供一种无溶剂体系的三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐及其制备方法。该化合物具有原料易得,合成工艺简便易行等特点。三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐适用范围广(适用于阻燃多种塑料、橡胶、纤维及涂料),具有良好的市场前景。
本发明的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐,结构式为:
本发明还提供了一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐的制备方法,合成步骤为:在密闭容器中充入粒径大小范围在1~1000nm之间的三聚氰胺,再充入气态溴化氢,并在一定温度下反应一定时间,反应后收集得到白色固体即为三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
作为优选的技术方案:
如上所述的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐的制备方法,所述的三聚氰胺与溴化氢的摩尔比为1:0.5-1.5。
如上所述的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐的制备方法,所述一定温度是指温度为20~80℃。
如上所述的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐的制备方法,所述一定时间是指2~8h。
有益效果:
本发明的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐,具有以下优点:
(1)本发明采用三聚氰胺和溴化氢为原料合成既是三聚氰胺类阻燃剂,又是卤系阻燃剂的三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐阻燃剂,集卤素阻燃剂的高效、三聚氰胺气相阻燃于一身,是未来研究发展的热点;
(2)原料使用的是超细化三聚氰胺和气态溴化氢,增大了接触面积,有利于提高产率;
(3)与水相法相比,该发明为无溶剂体系,降低了生产的成本,生产工艺的改进降低了后续处理的复杂性,适用于工业化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解,在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后,本领域技术人员可以对本发明作各种改动或修改,这些等价形式同样落于本申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
本发明的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐,结构式为:
实施例1
将40.5g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在20℃,维持反应2h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
实施例2
将81g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在25℃,维持反应2.5h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
实施例3
将89.1g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在25℃,维持反应4h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
实施例4
将97.2g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在30℃,维持反应5h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
实施例5
将64.8g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在35℃,维持反应3h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
实施例6
将121.5g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在60℃,维持反应7h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
实施例7
将113.4g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在65℃,维持反应7.5h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
实施例8
将105.3g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在40℃,维持反应6h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。
实施例9
将121.5g溴化氢气体充入反应容器,分批投入126g超细三聚氰胺(粒径为1~1000nm),温度控制在80℃,维持反应8h,反应完毕后即得到三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐。

Claims (4)

1.一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐的制备方法,其特征是合成步骤为:在密闭容器中充入粒径大小范围在1~1000nm之间的三聚氰胺,再充入气态溴化氢,并在一定温度下反应一定时间,反应后收集得到白色固体即为三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐;所述三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐结构式为:
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的三聚氰胺与溴化氢的摩尔比为1:0.5-1.5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述一定温度是指温度为20~80℃。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种三聚氰胺氢溴酸盐的制备方法,其特征在于,所述一定时间是指2~8h。
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