CN103598079B - Nutrient solution cooling system and summer cooling method thereof - Google Patents
Nutrient solution cooling system and summer cooling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103598079B CN103598079B CN201310512934.9A CN201310512934A CN103598079B CN 103598079 B CN103598079 B CN 103598079B CN 201310512934 A CN201310512934 A CN 201310512934A CN 103598079 B CN103598079 B CN 103598079B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
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Abstract
The invention discloses a nutrient solution cooling system and a summer cooling method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of soilless cultivation of facility horticulture. According to the cooling system, by the aid of a wet curtain and a fan cooling system, high-temperature nutrient solution exchanges heat with the wet curtain and low-temperature circulating water in a water storage tank of the fan cooling system, the temperature of the nutrient solution is reduced, and the cooled nutrient solution is delivered to a plant root system through a drip irrigation system or a nutrient solution circulating system, so that the temperature of rhizosphere is reduced. In daytime, the nutrient solution exchanges heat by the aid of a wet curtain water circulating system to reduce the temperature, and the cooled nutrient solution is delivered to the plant root system through a sealed cultivation system, so that the rhizospheric environment temperature of a plant is reduced. At night, the rhizospheric environment temperature of the plant is not manually regulated and naturally changes along with temperature drop. The system and the method are simple, low in cost, practical, easy to implement and fine in cooling effect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to facilities horticulture cultivation technique without soil field, be specifically related to a kind of method of nutrient solution cooling system and cooling in summer thereof.
Technical background
In the process of modern installations agricultural develop rapidly, the planting patterns of soilless culture is applied more and more widely.At present, the facility cultivation of the country such as Holland, Japan, the U.S. becomes basically universal cultivation technique without soil; European Union is clear stipulaties also, enters 21 century, and the horticultural crop of all European Union member countries all will realize soilless culture.
Greenhouse is a kind of semi open model system, and the environment of its inside both affected by outdoor weather condition, again by the effect of the control methods in greenhouse own.At present, under summer high temperature, high radiation event, China's major part glass greenhouse and partial sun light greenhouse, reduce the temperature in greenhouse mainly through modes such as external sunshades in wet curtain+blower fan also cooperation, thus in the optimum range that temperature is maintained required for plant.
Pay close attention to the requirement of the suitable temperature meeting plant growth needs in present stage production, namely reduced the temperature in greenhouse by wet curtain+blower fan system, and less for the research being carried out Promoting plant growth by reduction rhizospheric environment temperature.In actual production, problems faced is: summer, in greenhouse, the temperature of soilless culture substrate is without any regulation measure, often remain on about 30 DEG C, this higher Rhizosphere temperature, totally unfavorable to the growth in below portion---be unfavorable for the physiologically active that root system of plant keeps high, with the mineral nutrition in abundant absorption base and moisture, meanwhile, be also unfavorable for that underground part nutrient transports to overground part.If only reduced the temperature in greenhouse by the wet mode such as curtain blower fan and sunshade, and ignore the Rhizosphere temperature of plant, growing and then affecting yield and quality of crop in Greenhouse in summer will certainly be affected.
In production, during the vegetable aquaculture of particularly soilless culture is produced, in order to reduce the temperature of nutrition liquid pool Middle nutrition liquid, mainly adopting ice cube (refrigerator or refrigerator-freezer are produced) to lower the temperature, extracting underground cold water and carry out the method such as heat exchange cooling, the cooling of compressed air conditioner unit.These methods, all exist have high input, realistic problem that energy consumption is high, be also only at agricultural demonstration zone short-period used at present, could not be generalizable aborning.The substrate culture system of soilless culture, summer, the temperature of matrix equally often remained on the high temperature of about 30 DEG C, also because the large reason of nutrient solution cooling energy consumption in production, did not take drip irrigation low temperature nutrient solution to reduce the method for Rhizosphere temperature Promoting plant growth.In a word, the problem of nutrient solution cooling in summer, does not obtain less energy consumption, the basic solution in practical ground.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nutrient solution cooling system.
The present invention also aims to provide a kind of method utilizing above-mentioned system to carry out nutrient solution cooling in summer, and then the environmental temperature of plant rhizosphere can be reduced.
The present invention utilizes the wet curtain and fan cooling system that generally adopt in current greenhouse, the low-temperature circulating water of the storage cistern of high temperature nutrient solution and wet curtain and fan cooling system is carried out heat exchange, reduce the temperature of nutrient solution, by drip irrigation system or the nutrient solution circulatory system, the nutrient input after cooling is delivered to root system of plant, to reduce the temperature of rhizosphere again.
Technical scheme of the present invention is specific as follows:
A kind of nutrient solution cooling system, described nutrient solution cooling system and cultivation system with the use of, described nutrient solution cooling system comprises heat exchange liquid pump 3, heat exchange liquid back pipe road 4, heat exchanger 5, wet curtain storage cistern 6, wet curtain water pump 7, heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline 8, control system 9, blower fan 11 and wet curtain 16;
Heat exchanger 5 and wet curtain water pump 7 are set in wet curtain storage cistern 6; Heat exchange liquid pump 3 is arranged in nutrition liquid pool, and heat exchange liquid pump 3, heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline 8, heat exchanger 5 are connected successively, and heat exchanger 5 is connected with nutrition liquid pool by heat exchange liquid back pipe road 4; Wet curtain water pump 7 is connected by pipeline with wet curtain storage cistern 6 with wet curtain 16, wet curtain 16; Heat exchange liquid pump 3, wet curtain water pump 7 and blower fan 11 are controlled by control system 9 respectively.
Heat exchanger 5 is immersed in the water of wet curtain storage cistern 6 completely.
Nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool enters in heat exchanger 5 after pumping into heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline 8 by heat exchange liquid pump 3, carries out heat exchange with the water in wet curtain storage cistern 6, and then is flowed back in nutrition liquid pool by heat exchange liquid back pipe road 4.
Utilize above-mentioned system to carry out the method for nutrient solution cooling in summer, comprise step as follows:
1) nutrient solution temperature-fall period: summer day, when the temperature in greenhouse reaches design temperature, under the control of control system 9, open blower fan 11 and wet curtain water pump 7, wet curtain water pump 7 is that wet curtain 16 supplies water, and blower fan 11 is pumped, by the moisture evaporation be soaked in wet curtain 16, while reducing the air themperature in greenhouse, the water temperature in wet curtain storage cistern 6 reduces, until be reduced to the wet-bulb temperature of water in the curtain storage cistern 6 that now wets;
When the water temperature in wet curtain storage cistern 6 reaches 3 ~ 4 DEG C lower than the temperature of nutrition liquid pool Middle nutrition liquid, heat exchange liquid pump 3 is opened by control system 9, enter after nutrient solution being pumped into hot liquid feeding pipeline 8 in heat exchanger 5, in wet curtain storage cistern 6, carry out heat exchange with water, solution temperature reduces; Nutrient solution after cooling turns back in nutrition liquid pool 1;
When the water temperature in wet curtain storage cistern 6 is less than 1 DEG C lower than the temperature of nutrition liquid pool Middle nutrition liquid, heat exchange liquid pump 3 cuts out automatically;
2) nutrient solution after cooling, under the control of control system 9, is transported in cultivation system by nutrition liquid pool by liquid feeding pipeline, plant is carried out to the irrigation of cooling nutrient solution;
3) night in summer, do not carry out step 1) and 2) operation, do not regulate and control plant rhizosphere environmental temperature, allow its decline along with greenhouse temperature and natural trend.
Step 2) irrigation strategy of Middle nutrition liquid is: refreshing irrigation is carried out at fine day, does not overcast and rainyly carry out refreshing irrigation.
Step 2) irrigation time of Middle nutrition liquid is: irrigation time is from morning 8:30 ~ 9:00, and irrigate 20 ~ 30min, the watering period is 1 ~ 1.5h, and afternoon, 5:30 ~ 6:00 terminated at every turn.
Beneficial effect of the present invention
1, adopt nutrient solution cooling in summer apparatus and method of the present invention, while reduction temperature, also reduce the root circle environmental temperature of plant, to the efficient absorption of inorganic ions and moisture when suitable Rhizosphere temperature is more conducive to photosynthesis of plant; At night, any artificial regulatory is not carried out to the rhizospheric environment temperature of plant, allow its with the decline of temperature natural trend, this is conducive to the accumulation of photosynthetic product, thus promotes the growing of plant, and obtains high yield.
2, equipment involved in the present invention, facility are simple, and cost is low, and effective, stable and reliable operation, has inexpensive, practical advantage.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of nutrient solution cooling in summer;
Wherein, each label is:
1-nutrition liquid pool, 2-solution feed pump, 3-heat exchange liquid pump, 4-heat exchange liquid back pipe road, 5-heat exchanger, 6-wet curtain storage cistern, 7-wet curtain water pump, 8-heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline, 9-control system, 10-feed flow main line, 11-blower fan, 12-valve, 13-irrigate band, 14-cultivating groove, 15-liquid back pipe road, 16-wet curtain.
The solution temperature variation diagram that Fig. 2 is greenhouse temperature in one day, lowers the temperature and do not lower the temperature in nutrition liquid pool.
The variation diagram of substrate temperature after Fig. 3 to be nutrient solution after adopting cooling in one day with the nutrient solution of not lowering the temperature carry out drip irrigation.
Embodiment
Technology contents of the present invention is further illustrated below by specific embodiment.
The system of nutrient solution cooling of the present invention, described nutrient solution cooling system and cultivation system with the use of, as shown in Figure 1, described cultivation system comprises nutrition liquid pool 1, solution feed pump 2, feed flow main line 10, valve 12, irrigate band 13, cultivating groove 14 and liquid back pipe road 15, and described nutrient solution cooling system comprises heat exchange liquid pump 3, heat exchange liquid back pipe road 4, heat exchanger 5, wet curtain storage cistern 6, wet curtain water pump 7, heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline 8, control system 9, blower fan 11 and wet curtain 16;
Solution feed pump 2 and heat exchange liquid pump 3 are set in nutrition liquid pool 1, heat exchanger 5 and wet curtain water pump 7 are set in wet curtain storage cistern 6; Solution feed pump 2 is connected with feed flow main line 10, and feed flow main line 10, irrigate band 13, liquid back pipe road 15 are connected successively with nutrition liquid pool 1, and irrigate band 13 is placed in cultivating groove 14; Valve 12 is set between feed flow main line 10 and irrigate band 13; Heat exchange liquid pump 3, heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline 8, heat exchanger 5 are connected successively, and heat exchanger 5 is connected with nutrition liquid pool 1 by heat exchange liquid back pipe road 4; Wet curtain water pump 7 is connected by pipeline with wet curtain storage cistern 6 with wet curtain 16, wet curtain 16; Solution feed pump 2, heat exchange liquid pump 3, wet curtain water pump 7 and blower fan 11 are controlled by control system 9 respectively.
Embodiment 1:
In China Agricultural University village experiment station greenhouse by solar heat in carry out.Install wet curtain 16 at greenhouse by solar heat east side gable, blower fan 11 installed by west side gable, carries out tomato cultivation, be connected according to schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1 with above-mentioned connected mode by substrate culture mode.
Adopt method of the present invention, carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) summer day, when temperature reaches 30 DEG C, blower fan is opened and is carried out forced cooling; Along with the further rising of temperature, the wet curtain water pump 7 in storage cistern is opened, for wet curtain 16 supplies water.When the temperature of 1 nutrient solution reaches 3 DEG C during the water temperature in storage cistern is lower than nutrition liquid pool, open the heat exchange liquid pump 3 of in nutrition liquid pool 1, by heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline 8, nutrient solution is carried out heat exchange by heat exchanger 5 in storage cistern 6, solution temperature reduces; Nutrient solution after cooling turns back in nutrition liquid pool 1 through heat exchange liquid back pipe road 4; When the temperature difference of the water temperature in storage cistern and nutrition liquid pool Middle nutrition liquid is less than 1 DEG C, close the heat exchange liquid pump in nutrition liquid pool.Said process has been controlled automatically by control system 9.
(2) nutrient solution after cooling, around the root system being transported to tomato by liquid feeding pipeline-irrigate band, its course of work is: control system 9 controls solution feed pump 2 and works, and is transported to by the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool 1 in the irrigate band 13 in cultivating groove 14 by feed flow main line 10; Valve 12 controls the opening and closing of feed flow branch road; Irrigated by 13 pairs, irrigate band tomato; The diffusate of unnecessary nutrient solution is back in nutrition liquid pool 1 by liquid back pipe road 15.
(3) irrigation strategy of nutrient solution is: refreshing irrigation is carried out at fine day, does not overcast and rainyly continuously do refreshing irrigation.Irrigation time is that irrigate 25min, the watering period is 1h, and afternoon, 5:30 terminated at every turn from morning 8:30.
(4) night, any artificial regulatory is not done to crop rhizosphere temperature environment, allow its along with the decline of temperature natural trend.Now, the irrigation of nutrient solution is not carried out.
The warm indoor air temperature of one day, cooling and the solution temperature of not lowering the temperature in nutrition liquid pool contrast (on July 23rd, 2013), as shown in Figure 2.As can be seen from the figure, the solution temperature processed by heat exchange cooling is lower than process of not lowering the temperature, and the nutrient solution daily mean temperature of cooling process is 24.99 DEG C, does not lower the temperature and is treated to 27.87 DEG C, process of more not lowering the temperature is low 2.88 DEG C, and air daily mean temperature is 27.22 DEG C.From the morning 8:00 to 6:00 in afternoon, the solution temperature in the nutrition liquid pool of cooling process maintains 23.37 ~ 25.38 DEG C, and process of not lowering the temperature maintains 27.25 ~ 28.56 DEG C.
Nutrient solution after pouring cooling and the nutrient solution of not lowering the temperature, the difference (on July 23rd, 2013) of one day mesostroma temperature, as shown in Figure 3.Therefrom can find out, the matrix daily mean temperature of cooling process is 26.45 DEG C, and the matrix daily mean temperature of process of not lowering the temperature is 28.19 DEG C.From the morning 8:00 to 6:00 in afternoon, cooling process substrate temperature maintain 25.94 ~ 27.31 DEG C, and do not lower the temperature process substrate temperature maintain 27.06 ~ 29 DEG C.
Found by contrast experiment, carry out the tomato of refreshing irrigation, stem is thick, and internode is short, and leaf is thick, and leaf look blackish green, and plant growing way is good.
Embodiment 2:
Carry out in the glass greenhouse of the implementation case village experiment station in China Agricultural University.Tomato cultivation is carried out by water planting mode.Be connected with above-mentioned connected mode according to schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1, just do not arrange irrigate band 13 in cultivating groove 14, cultivating groove 14 is connected with liquid back pipe road 15 with feed flow main line 10.
Adopt method of the present invention, carry out in accordance with the following steps:
(1) summer day, when temperature reaches 30 DEG C, blower fan is opened and is carried out forced cooling; Along with the further rising of temperature, the wet curtain water pump 7 in storage cistern is opened, for wet curtain supplies water.When the water temperature in storage cistern reaches 3 DEG C lower than the temperature of nutrition liquid pool Middle nutrition liquid, open the heat exchange liquid pump 3 in nutrition liquid pool, by heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline 8, nutrient solution is carried out heat exchange by heat exchanger 5 in storage cistern 6, solution temperature reduces; Nutrient solution after cooling turns back in nutrition liquid pool 1 through heat exchange liquid back pipe road 4; When the temperature difference of the water temperature in storage cistern and nutrition liquid pool Middle nutrition liquid is less than 1 DEG C, close the heat exchange liquid pump in nutrition liquid pool.Said process has been controlled automatically by control system 9.
(2) nutrient solution after cooling, around the root system being transported to tomato by liquid feeding pipeline, its course of work is: control system 9 controls solution feed pump work, delivers in cultivating groove 14 by the nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool 1 by feed flow main line 10; Valve 12 controls the opening and closing of feed flow branch road; Nutrient solution is back in nutrition liquid pool 1 by liquid back pipe road 15 again.
(3) irrigation strategy of nutrient solution is, refreshing irrigation is carried out at fine day, does not overcast and rainyly continuously do refreshing irrigation.Irrigation time is that irrigate 30min, the watering period is 1.5h, and afternoon, 6:00 terminated at every turn from morning 8:30.
(4) night, any artificial regulatory is not done to crop rhizosphere temperature environment, allow its along with the decline of temperature natural trend.Now, the irrigation of nutrient solution is not carried out.
Found by contrast experiment, carry out the tomato of refreshing irrigation, stem is thick, and internode is short, and leaf is thick, and leaf look blackish green, and plant growing way is good.
Claims (6)
1. a nutrient solution cooling system, described nutrient solution cooling system and cultivation system with the use of, it is characterized in that, described nutrient solution cooling system comprises heat exchange liquid pump (3), heat exchange liquid back pipe road (4), heat exchanger (5), wet curtain storage cistern (6), wet curtain water pump (7), heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline (8), control system (9), blower fan (11) and wet curtain (16);
Heat exchanger (5) and wet curtain water pump (7) are set in wet curtain storage cistern (6); Heat exchange liquid pump (3) is arranged in nutrition liquid pool, heat exchange liquid pump (3), heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline (8), heat exchanger (5) are connected successively, and heat exchanger (5) is connected with nutrition liquid pool by heat exchange liquid back pipe road (4); Wet curtain water pump (7) is connected by pipeline with wet curtain storage cistern (6) with wet curtain (16), wet curtain (16); Heat exchange liquid pump (3), wet curtain water pump (7) and blower fan (11) are controlled by control system (9) respectively.
2. nutrient solution cooling system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, heat exchanger (5) is immersed in the water of wet curtain storage cistern (6) completely.
3. nutrient solution cooling system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, nutrient solution in nutrition liquid pool enters in heat exchanger (5) after pumping into heat exchange liquid feeding pipeline (8) by heat exchange liquid pump (3), carry out heat exchange with the water in wet curtain storage cistern (6), and then flowed back in nutrition liquid pool by heat exchange liquid back pipe road (4).
4. utilize the nutrient solution cooling system described in claim 1 to carry out the method for nutrient solution cooling in summer, it is characterized in that, comprise step as follows:
1) nutrient solution temperature-fall period: summer day, when the temperature in greenhouse reaches design temperature, under the control of control system (9), open blower fan (11) and wet curtain water pump (7), wet curtain water pump (7) is wet curtain (16) water supply, blower fan (11) is pumped, the moisture evaporation in wet curtain (16) will be soaked in, while reducing the air themperature in greenhouse, water temperature in wet curtain storage cistern (6) reduces, until be reduced to the wet-bulb temperature of the now middle water of wet curtain storage cistern (6);
When the water temperature in wet curtain storage cistern (6) reaches 3 ~ 4 DEG C lower than the temperature of nutrition liquid pool Middle nutrition liquid, heat exchange liquid pump (3) is opened by control system (9), enter in heat exchanger (5) after nutrient solution being pumped into hot liquid feeding pipeline (8), in wet curtain storage cistern (6), carry out heat exchange with water, solution temperature reduces; Nutrient solution after cooling turns back in nutrition liquid pool (1);
When the water temperature in wet curtain storage cistern (6) is less than 1 DEG C lower than the temperature of nutrition liquid pool Middle nutrition liquid, heat exchange liquid pump (3) cuts out automatically;
2) nutrient solution after cooling, under the control of control system (9), is transported in cultivation system by nutrition liquid pool by liquid feeding pipeline, plant is carried out to the irrigation of cooling nutrient solution;
3) at night in summer, carry out step 1) and 2) operation, do not regulate and control plant rhizosphere environmental temperature, allow its decline along with greenhouse temperature and natural trend.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, step 2) irrigation strategy of Middle nutrition liquid is: refreshing irrigation is carried out at fine day, does not overcast and rainyly carry out refreshing irrigation.
6. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, step 2) irrigation time of Middle nutrition liquid is: irrigation time is from morning 8:30 ~ 9:00, and irrigate 20 ~ 30min, the watering period is 1 ~ 1.5h, and afternoon, 5:30 ~ 6:00 terminated at every turn.
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107027404A (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-08-11 | 农业部规划设计研究院 | A kind of culture apparatus accurately controlled for root system of plant temperature |
| CN107173121A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-09-19 | 海南大学 | A kind of greenhouse cold water cooling system |
| CN107372077B (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2020-04-17 | 深圳春沐源控股有限公司 | Method and device for controlling temperature of nutrient solution |
| CN107318626A (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2017-11-07 | 深圳前海弘稼科技有限公司 | Nutrient solution cooling system |
| CN107683762B (en) * | 2017-09-20 | 2023-02-07 | 中国农业科学院柑桔研究所 | Liquid membrane water culture device for evaluating stress resistance of oranges |
| CN108901528A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of summer water management method of substrate culture blueberry |
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