CN103519191B - 胆碱酵母片 - Google Patents
胆碱酵母片 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103519191B CN103519191B CN201310511745.XA CN201310511745A CN103519191B CN 103519191 B CN103519191 B CN 103519191B CN 201310511745 A CN201310511745 A CN 201310511745A CN 103519191 B CN103519191 B CN 103519191B
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- Prior art keywords
- choline
- grams
- powder
- acid
- yeast
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- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A23L33/14—Yeasts or derivatives thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Abstract
本发明涉及一种采用柿漆粉、全大麦粉、干酵母粉、面包酵母、砂糖、食盐、大豆油、水为原料，经混合、活化、发酵、焙烤、冷却、切片、干燥、冷却、粉碎、混匀、制粒、干燥、压片和包衣而制得的胆碱酵母片。本发明经发酵、焙烤、催化分解了产品中的鞣酸与植酸，从而可被安全食用。本发明主要含胆碱和乙酰胆碱与维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、烟酸、维生素B12、叶酸、生物素、肌醇、对氨基苯甲酸、泛酸。本发明的主要功能是合成磷脂，促进能量，提高消化和代谢，增强肌腱保养，增强肝脏和胆囊调节，防止结石形成，促进神经传导，防止记忆衰退，改善血液循环，防止脂肪肝，预防心血管疾病(高血压、高血脂、高胆固醇)。
Description
技术领域本发明属于食品制造领域。
背景技术 据《中药大辞典》1529页记载：“柿漆，为柿科植物柿及其同属植物的未成熟果实，经加工制成的胶状液。制法是采摘未成熟而色青味涩的果实，捣烂，置缸中加适量清水，不时搅动，然后静置约20日，将渣滓除去，剩下无色的胶状液，即为柿漆。以柿漆的提取物中可得到含鞣质样物质柿漆酚、胆碱，乙酰胆碱。《现代实用中药》：治高血压。”柿漆由于含多量鞣酸，影响人体对矿物质的吸收，如与酸性食物同食会形成“胃柿”结石等疾病。这是柿漆的不足。
发明内容鉴于现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提出一种将柿漆产品改进为胆碱酵母片的食品制品的新的技术方案，通过食品的形式均匀而长期服用胆碱酵母片，使人体的稀缺营养元素得到补充，增强人体对疾病的免疫力。
本发明的目的是通过如下方法实现的。
一种胆碱酵母片，以柿漆粉、全大麦粉、干酵母粉，面包酵母、砂糖、食盐、大豆油、水为原料，经混合、活化、发酵、焙烤、冷却、切片、干燥、冷却、粉碎、混匀、制粒、干燥、压片和包衣而制得的片状物体。
本发明中的柿漆粉是由柿科植物柿的色青而味苦涩的未成熟果实，经水洗净外皮，粉碎成果浆，倒入不锈钢罐内加适量30℃温水，不时搅动。把PH调至3～3.5(以利于果胶酶对果胶的催化水解)，用30℃温水把0.05％的果胶酶化开，边搅动边倒入果胶酶液，搅匀后在30℃的温度下静置8～12小时；此时果胶酶已将果胶水解成乳糖醛酸，过滤后得完全澄清的绿色柿漆液；将柿漆液静置于25℃的室温下，每天检测胆碱和乙酰胆碱的含量，当3天内检测值不变时，停止静置，把PH调至5(为了保护B族维生素在焙烤过程中不被分解)，此时的柿漆液含胆碱和乙酰胆碱约3.16％，含固形物约6％，含水分约94％。
将柿漆液灌装于不锈钢方盒内，及时冷冻干燥成干膏状，粉碎过筛成细粉，即为柿漆粉(柿漆粉在2～8℃的暗处贮存，保质期5年)。此时的柿漆粉含水量不超过3％，重量约6克，含胆碱和乙酰胆碱约3.20克，其中胆碱和乙酰胆比例约为7：3.
为了计算方便，本发明把柿漆粉中的胆碱和乙酰胆碱的含量定为0.5克。此外柿漆粉含碳水化合物及微量蛋白质、矿物质，还含鞣酸。
本发明中的全大麦粉是用禾本科植物大麦的果实，经研磨加工而成的全大麦粉。本粉含碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质、矿物质及维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、烟酸、维生素B12、叶酸、生物素、肌醇、胆碱(磷脂酰丝氨酸、磷脂酰胆碱、磷脂乙醇胺、磷脂酸的含量约0.1％)、对氨基苯甲酸、泛酸，还含植酸。
本发明中的干酵母粉是由啤酒酵母的干燥菌体，经粉碎加工而成的细粉。本粉含蛋白质40％以上；含脂肪、碳水化合物和微量矿物质；含维生素B1、维生素B2、维生素B6、烟酸、维生素B12、叶酸、生物素、肌醇、胆碱(含量约0.1％)、对氨基苯甲酸、泛酸。
本发明中的维生素B1的功能是促进食欲、造血、碳水化合物代谢、血液循环、消化(产生盐酸)、能量和学习能力，维持肌肉状况(肠胃和心脏)。维生素B1在酸性环境中加热到249℃时分解。维生素B2的功能是形成抗体和血红细胞、细胞呼吸，代谢(蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物)。维生素B2在酸性环境中对热稳定。维生素B6的功能是抗体形成、消化(产生盐酸)、脂肪和蛋白质的利用(体重控制)、维持神经钠／钾平衡。维生素B6对酸和热稳定。维生素B12的功能是促进食欲、血细胞形成，维持细胞寿命及神经系统健康，脂肪、蛋白质和碳水化合物的代谢。维生素B12在PH4～6之间对热较稳定。生物素的功能是促进细胞生长，增进脂肪酸、碳水化合物和蛋白质的代谢，促进维生素B族的利用。生物素在食品加工中非常稳定。烟酸的功能是促进糖、蛋白质、脂肪和碳水化合物的代谢，性激素合成的必需成分。烟酸加热到230℃时不被分解。叶酸的功能是促进食欲、细胞生长和繁殖，制造盐酸、蛋白质代谢，生成红细胞。叶酸在PH4.5以上时对热较稳定。泛酸的功能是形成抗体、刺激生长发育，为肾上腺素提供营养和维生素的利用，增进碳水化合物、脂肪和蛋白质的代谢。泛酸在PH4～7时对热稳定。对氨基苯甲酸的功能是促进血细胞形成，肠道细菌调节、皮肤健康，预防头发灰白和蛋白质代谢。对氨基苯甲酸对热稳定。肌醇的功能是防止血管硬化、降低胆固醇、保持头发健康生长、脂肪及胆固醇代谢、形成卵磷脂。肌醇对热稳定。胆碱是乙酰胆碱的前体，是少数能穿过“脑血管屏障”的物质之一，胆碱可进入脑细胞，制造帮助记忆的化学物质。胆碱与人体内的必需磷酸脂肪酸——亚油酸、亚麻酸及甘油合成卵磷脂、脑磷脂、神经磷脂。因为根据《食品营养学》80页的报告：“8个维持体重不变的人，用了五年时间(60个月)才耗尽其必需脂肪酸，耗费一半所需的时间大约是26个月，故人体不易缺乏必需脂肪酸。”根据这个报告，胆碱与必需脂肪酸可在人体内合成磷脂。胆碱和乙酰胆碱的功能是构成生物膜，促成神经传导，维持大脑组织健康，防止老年人记忆衰退，有助于治疗老年痴呆症；促进脂肪代谢，预防脂肪肝；促进体内转甲基代谢，降低血液胆固醇；改善血液循环，降低血压，预防心血管病；促进肝脏和胆囊调节，防止结石形成。胆碱和乙酰胆碱，耐热、酸、碱，不耐强碱。
本发明的B族维生素来源于植物经加工的食品，是天然的食品营养补充剂。
本发明是以胆碱和乙酰胆碱为主，其它B族维生素为辅经加工而制成的胆碱酵母片的产品制品。为主就是本发明的主要功能，为辅就是协助本发明发挥更完善的功能。
综上所述，本发明的主要功能是：合成卵磷脂、脑磷脂、神经磷脂；促进能量(机械能：肌肉收缩；热能：维持体温；电能：大脑活动；渗透能：吸收分 泌；化学能：生物合成)；提高消化和代谢(碳水化合物、脂肪、蛋白质)；增强肌腱保养(胃肠道)；增强肝脏和胆囊调节，防止结石形成；促进神经传导，防止记忆力衰退；改善血液循环，防止脂肪肝，预防心血管疾病(高血压、高血脂、高胆固醇)。
本发明经由红茶和面包的制作方法的启示，本发明产品的发酵、焙烤过程中，由酵母所产生的植酸酶，可催化分解柿漆粉中的鞣酸和全大麦粉中的植酸，从而得到可被人体安全食用的柿漆粉以及肌醇磷酸盐、肌醇和无机磷等矿物质。
根据以下实施例，将详细地解释本发明。
具体实施方式实施例
原料配方：柿漆粉400克、全大麦粉600克、干酵母粉2000克、面包酵母20克、砂糖30克、食盐15克、大豆油10克、30℃温水适量。
制作方法：1.将柿漆粉、全大麦粉混匀成预混合粉，将面包酵母用80毫升30℃温水调合均匀，使其活化，加入1／2的砂糖、食盐、大豆油、预混合粉，加适量30℃温水调制成软硬适中的面团，送入38℃发酵室发酵7小时～8小时。
2.将发酵面团与剩余的砂糖、食盐、大豆油、预混合粉，加适量30℃温水于和面机内，调制成软硬适宜的面团，再送入发酵室内进行第二次发酵，发酵3小时～4小时，待面团起发具有弹性和柔软性时，即停止发酵。
3.将面团分剂成型，放入烤盘内，送入饧发室进行第三次发酵，经40分钟饧发后即可入炉烤制，将炉温调至160℃温度焙烤40分钟，取出后在室温下放置2小时～3小时，自然冷却。
4.将面包切成约2厘米厚的片，装入木盒(厚度约10厘米以下同)，送入45℃～50℃的烘房干燥8小时～12小时，取出自然冷却2小时，粉碎成细粉与2000克干酵母粉混匀，制成颗粒，装入木盒，送入36℃～38℃的烘房干燥4小时～6小时，取出压制成10000片，包糖衣或薄膜衣，即得。
5.本品每片重300毫克，含胆碱14毫克，乙酰胆碱6毫克，干酵母200毫克。
6.全大麦粉和干酵母粉共含胆碱约2.6克，因为其含量低，所以并未记算在内。
本发明可以进行规模化的工业生产。
Claims (1)
1.一种胆碱酵母片，原料配方如下：
柿漆粉400克、全大麦粉600克、干酵母粉2000克、面包酵母20克、砂糖30克、食盐15克、大豆油10克，30℃温水适量；
制作方法：1、将柿漆粉、全大麦粉混匀成预混合粉，将面包酵母用80毫升30℃温水调和均匀，使其活化；加入二分之一的砂糖、食盐、大豆油、预混合粉，加30℃温水适量，调制成软硬适宜的面团，送入38℃发酵室发酵7至8小时；2、将发酵面团与剩余的砂糖、食盐、大豆油、预混合粉加适量30℃温水于和面机内，调制成软硬适宜的面团，送入发酵室内进行第二次发酵3至4小时，待面团起发具有弹性和柔软性时，即停止发酵；3、将面团分剂成型，放入烤盘内，送入饧发室进行第三次发酵，经40分钟饧发后，即可放入炉中烤制，将炉温调制160℃焙烤40分钟，取出自然冷却；4、将面包切成2厘米厚的片，送入45-50℃的烘房干燥8至12小时，取出自然冷却2小时，粉粹成细粉与2000克干酵母粉混匀，制成颗粒，送入36-38℃的烘房干燥4至6小时，取出压制成10000片，包糖衣或薄膜衣即得；本品每片含胆碱14毫克，乙酰胆碱6毫克，干酵母200毫克。
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