CN103501896A - 用于燃料电池的催化剂 - Google Patents

用于燃料电池的催化剂 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103501896A
CN103501896A CN201280008255.1A CN201280008255A CN103501896A CN 103501896 A CN103501896 A CN 103501896A CN 201280008255 A CN201280008255 A CN 201280008255A CN 103501896 A CN103501896 A CN 103501896A
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China
Prior art keywords
catalytic material
catalyst layer
membrane
catalytic
metals
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Pending
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CN201280008255.1A
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
J·D·B·沙曼
B·R·C·西奥博尔德
E·A·赖特
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Johnson Matthey Hydrogen Technologies Ltd
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Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd
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Application filed by Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd filed Critical Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd
Priority to CN202010680615.9A priority Critical patent/CN111921533A/zh
Publication of CN103501896A publication Critical patent/CN103501896A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8647—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites
    • H01M4/8657—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells consisting of more than one material, e.g. consisting of composites layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
    • B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
    • B01J23/468—Iridium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
    • B01J23/48—Silver or gold
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/847—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum or polonium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
    • B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
    • B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
    • B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
    • B01J23/847—Vanadium, niobium or tantalum or polonium
    • B01J23/8476—Tantalum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J35/396—Distribution of the active metal ingredient
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
    • B01J35/61—Surface area
    • B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
    • B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
    • B01J37/024—Multiple impregnation or coating
    • B01J37/0244—Coatings comprising several layers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/073—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material
    • C25B11/091—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the electrocatalyst material consisting of at least one catalytic element and at least one catalytic compound; consisting of two or more catalytic elements or catalytic compounds
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/8605—Porous electrodes
    • H01M4/8615—Bifunctional electrodes for rechargeable cells
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • H01M4/8807—Gas diffusion layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/9016—Oxides, hydroxides or oxygenated metallic salts
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H01M4/921—Alloys or mixtures with metallic elements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M2004/8678—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/8684—Negative electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • H01M4/8814—Temporary supports, e.g. decal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Inert Electrodes (AREA)
CN201280008255.1A 2011-02-08 2012-01-27 用于燃料电池的催化剂 Pending CN103501896A (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010680615.9A CN111921533A (zh) 2011-02-08 2012-01-27 用于燃料电池的催化剂

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1102138.3 2011-02-08
GB1102138.3A GB2490300A (en) 2011-02-08 2011-02-08 Catalyst for fuel cells
PCT/GB2012/050168 WO2012107738A1 (en) 2011-02-08 2012-01-27 Catalyst for fuel cells

Related Child Applications (1)

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CN202010680615.9A Division CN111921533A (zh) 2011-02-08 2012-01-27 用于燃料电池的催化剂

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CN103501896A true CN103501896A (zh) 2014-01-08

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CN202010680615.9A Pending CN111921533A (zh) 2011-02-08 2012-01-27 用于燃料电池的催化剂
CN201280008255.1A Pending CN103501896A (zh) 2011-02-08 2012-01-27 用于燃料电池的催化剂

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US (2) US20130330650A1 (enExample)
EP (3) EP3187262B1 (enExample)
JP (1) JP5948350B2 (enExample)
KR (1) KR101856277B1 (enExample)
CN (2) CN111921533A (enExample)
GB (1) GB2490300A (enExample)
WO (1) WO2012107738A1 (enExample)

Cited By (6)

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CN105449229A (zh) * 2014-09-22 2016-03-30 株式会社东芝 催化剂层、其制备方法、膜电极组件以及电化学电池
CN106450403A (zh) * 2015-04-24 2017-02-22 通用汽车环球科技运作有限责任公司 具有改进的诊断能力的燃料电池堆端电池
CN111029599A (zh) * 2019-08-28 2020-04-17 深圳市通用氢能科技有限公司 燃料电池抗反极催化剂及其制备方法
CN112166514A (zh) * 2018-07-09 2021-01-01 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 催化剂体系、电极以及燃料电池或电解器
CN112771210A (zh) * 2018-09-26 2021-05-07 马克斯·普朗克科学促进学会 具有铜铁矿氧化物abo2的用于析氢反应（her）的电催化剂
CN113497235A (zh) * 2020-03-18 2021-10-12 广州汽车集团股份有限公司 一种燃料电池膜电极及其制备方法、燃料电池

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GB201302014D0 (en) * 2013-02-05 2013-03-20 Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd Use of an anode catalyst layer
WO2015088579A1 (en) 2013-12-09 2015-06-18 General Electric Company Polymeric-metal composite electrode-based electrochemical device for generating oxidants
GB201322494D0 (en) 2013-12-19 2014-02-05 Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd Catalyst layer
US9468909B2 (en) 2014-06-27 2016-10-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Metal oxide stabilized platinum-based ORR catalyst
GB201415846D0 (en) * 2014-09-08 2014-10-22 Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd Catalyst
KR101884642B1 (ko) * 2016-11-11 2018-08-30 한국과학기술연구원 재생 연료전지용 산소 전극, 이를 포함하는 재생 연료전지 및 상기 산소 전극의 제조 방법
GB201719463D0 (en) * 2017-11-23 2018-01-10 Johnson Matthey Fuel Cells Ltd Catalyst
EP3776701A1 (en) 2018-04-04 2021-02-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Catalyst
WO2019193461A1 (en) 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 3M Innovative Properties Company Catalyst comprising pt, ni, and cr
WO2019198031A1 (en) 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Catalyst
WO2019198033A1 (en) 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Catalyst
WO2019198029A1 (en) * 2018-04-13 2019-10-17 3M Innovative Properties Company Catalyst
JP7131535B2 (ja) 2019-12-02 2022-09-06 トヨタ自動車株式会社 燃料電池用触媒層
KR102732266B1 (ko) * 2020-10-15 2024-11-19 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 우수한 성능과 높은 내구성의 두 가지 요구들을 모두 만족시킬 수 있는 막-전극 어셈블리 및 그것을 포함하는 연료전지
US11721826B2 (en) 2021-07-14 2023-08-08 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Solid oxide fuel cell using zeolite-templated carbon as electrocatalyst
US12100845B2 (en) 2021-07-14 2024-09-24 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cells using zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) as electrocatalyst
US12385147B2 (en) 2021-07-14 2025-08-12 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) electrolytic cells using zeolite-templated carbon (ZTC) as electrocatalyst
GB202113634D0 (en) 2021-09-24 2021-11-10 Johnson Matthey Plc Iridium-based oxygen evolution reaction catalyst
CN116005185B (zh) * 2021-09-24 2025-10-10 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种铱与氧化铱的复合催化剂及其制备方法和应用
US12018392B2 (en) 2022-01-03 2024-06-25 Saudi Arabian Oil Company Methods for producing syngas from H2S and CO2 in an electrochemical cell
CN115896856B (zh) * 2022-12-13 2025-06-10 中山市中山火炬南方钛金有限公司 一种贵金属基薄膜/碳复合催化电极及其制备方法
GB202302253D0 (en) 2023-02-17 2023-04-05 Johnson Matthey Hydrogen Technologies Ltd Catalyst and process

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US20170125821A1 (en) 2017-05-04
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CN111921533A (zh) 2020-11-13
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