CN103492911A - Led(电致发光二极管)光源模块 - Google Patents
Led(电致发光二极管)光源模块 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103492911A CN103492911A CN201180068017.5A CN201180068017A CN103492911A CN 103492911 A CN103492911 A CN 103492911A CN 201180068017 A CN201180068017 A CN 201180068017A CN 103492911 A CN103492911 A CN 103492911A
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- Prior art keywords
- led
- source module
- light source
- electroluminescent diode
- optical element
- Prior art date
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Abstract
用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的聚合物光学透镜，尤其是包括这种光学透镜的LED光源模块，以及包括这种模块的LED灯。用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学透镜，其包括选自纤维素及其衍生物、淀粉及其衍生物、海藻酸盐及其衍生物、瓜尔胶及其衍生物、甲壳素及其衍生物以及果胶及其衍生物的聚合物。
Description
本发明涉及一种聚合物光学元件，诸如用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的透镜，并且尤其涉及一种包括了这种光学元件的LED光源模块，以及一种包括了这种模块的LED灯。
电致发光二极管(通常用LED表示)照明装置是众所周知的。这样的二极管具有长使用寿命，具有低功耗并且不会产生过多热量。
特别是最近才发现，就发光度而言越来越高效并且大功率的、并且可以取代白炽灯或卤素灯的白色LEDs。
LED灯通常包括一个或多个LED(电致发光二极管)芯片，和一个包括了一个或多个光学元件(诸如透镜)的光学系统。这些光学元件通常是透明的，由玻璃或高分子材料制成。该光学系统使得有可能，特别是优化一个或多个LED芯片产生的光的透射。
人们不断寻找新的高性能材料。
为此目的，本发明提出，作为第一主题，一种光学元件诸如用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的透镜，该光学元件包括至少一种选自以下聚合物的聚合物：纤维素及其衍生物、淀粉及其衍生物、海藻酸盐及其衍生物、瓜尔胶及其衍生物、甲壳素及其衍生物以及果胶及其衍生物。
作为第二主题，本发明提出一种包括了具有至少一个如以上描述光学元件的光学系统的LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块。
最后，作为第三主题，本发明提出了一种包括了这种模块的LED(电致发光二极管)灯。
本发明首先涉及一种用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的聚合物光学元件。
该光学元件的聚合物可以是，例如，下列聚合物中的一种：纤维素、醋酸纤维素酯、丙酸纤维素酯、丁酸纤维素酯、三醋酸纤维素酯、乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素、淀粉、羟丙基淀粉、淀粉醋酸酯、淀粉丙酸酯、淀粉丁酸酯或淀粉的混合酯类、阿拉伯胶、琼脂、海藻酸、海藻酸钠、海藻酸钾、海藻酸钙、黄蓍胶、瓜尔胶、和槐树豆胶。
特别是，该聚合物可以是纤维素衍生物，例如，醋酸纤维素酯、丙酸纤维素酯、丁酸纤维素酯、三醋酸纤维素酯、乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素和羟甲基纤维素。
根据本发明的一个具体的实施例，该纤维素衍生物获得自从特级木浆衍生的纤维素，或获得自从棉籽绒衍生的纤维素。该表述“特级木浆”应理解为意味着包括了按重量计至少95％的α-纤维素的木浆。根据ISO 692标准测定α-纤维素的量。至于衍生自棉籽绒的纤维素，优选是醋酸酯级。
更具体地说，该聚合物可以是一种纤维素酯。它们通常是有机的，并且尤其是脂肪族的，酯类。
有利的是，该纤维素酯具有一个具有从2至4个碳原子的酰基作为酯基。这些可以是纤维素的混合酯类。作为本发明的上下文内的合适的纤维素酯的实例，可能提及：醋酸纤维素酯、丙酸纤维素酯、丁酸纤维素酯、醋酸丙酸纤维素酯、乙酸丁酸纤维素酯、醋酸邻苯二甲酸纤维素酯和醋酸丙酸丁酸纤维素酯。形成丁酸酯的丁酰基可以是直链或支链的。
有利的是，纤维素的取代度在2和3之间，优选2.3和2.9之间。根据ASTM D871-72标准测定纤维素的取代度。
本发明的聚合物的本征粘度有利地在0.3和0.4之间，优选0.32和0.35之间。根据ASTM D871-72标准测量本征粘度。
该光学元件的聚合物可以是几种聚合物的掺混物。
优选地，该聚合物是醋酸纤维素酯。
该光学元件有利地包括按重量计至少50％的聚合物，优选按重量计至少55％。
根据本发明的一个具体的实施例，该光学元件包括增塑剂。作为增塑剂的实例，可以提及：三乙酸甘油酯、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二甲酯、丁基邻苯二甲酰丁基乙醇酸酯、柠檬酸二乙酯、二甲氧基乙基邻苯二甲酸酯、乙基邻苯二甲酰乙基乙醇酸酯、甲基邻苯二甲酰乙基乙醇酸酯、正乙基-邻/对-甲苯磺酰胺、磷酸三苯酯、磷酸三甲苯酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁氧基乙酯、邻苯二甲酸二戊酯、柠檬酸三丁酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丁酯、乙酰柠檬酸三丙酯、三丙酸甘油酯、三丁酸甘油酯、邻/对-甲苯磺酰胺、季戊四醇四乙酸酯、酒石酸二丁酯、二乙二醇二乙酸酯、二乙二醇二丙酸酯、己二酸二丁酯、己二酸二辛酯、壬二酸二丁酯、磷酸三氯乙基酯、磷酸三丁酯、癸二酸二正丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二丁酯、邻苯二甲酸二辛酯、邻苯二甲酸丁基苄基酯、己二酸2-乙基己基酯和邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己基酯。有利的是，增塑剂的量相对于光学元件的重量在按重量计10％和45％之间，优选按重量计在20％和40％之间。
根据本发明的一个具体的实施例，该光学元件包括热稳定剂(使免受热和/或热氧化的降解作用)，诸如抗氧化剂。作为热稳定剂的实例，可以提及：缩水甘油醚、弱酸的金属盐类、取代酚，等。尤其是，可以提及氢醌单缩水或二缩水甘油醚、草酸钾、环烷酸锶、间苯二酚二缩水甘油醚、甲酸镁或甲酸铝、氧化镁，等。
作为抗氧化剂的实例，可以提及受阻酚类抗氧剂。例如，描述在专利申请WO 2004/000921和WO 02/053633中的这样的抗氧化剂。这样的抗氧化剂的实例是，Irganox 1076
(十八烷基3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基氢化肉桂酸)和Irganox 1010
(四(亚甲基(3，5-二叔丁基-4-羟基氢化肉桂酸)甲烷))。
作为抗氧化剂的实例，还可以提及含磷稳定剂，诸如烷基和/或芳基取代的亚磷酸盐，例如，Irgafos 168
(三-(2，4-二叔丁基苯)亚磷酸酯)。
根据本发明的一个具体的实施例，该光学元件包括光稳定剂。
作为光稳定剂的一个实例，可以提及具有至少一个受阻胺单元的稳定剂(受阻胺光稳定剂H.A.L.S.)。例如，这样的添加剂描述在专利申请WO 2004/000921和WO 2005/040262中。
作为光稳定剂的实例，还可以提及UV吸收剂。这样的UV吸收剂特别描述在专利申请WO 2004/000921中。作为UV吸收剂的实例，可以提及：草酰苯胺、二苯甲酮诸如Uvinul 400
(2，4-二羟基二苯甲酮)，苯并三唑诸如Tinuvin 360
(二聚2-羟苯基苯并三唑)或2，2’-亚甲基双[6-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-(1，1，3，3-四甲基丁基)苯酚]，2-羟基苯三嗪诸如Tinuvin 1577FF
(2，4-二苯基-6-(2-羟基-4-己氧基苯基)-均三嗪)和Tinuvin 234
(2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4，6-双(1-乙基-1-苯乙基)苯酚)。
这些光学元件还可以包括一种或多种选自填充料、染料、颜料、抗静电剂、表面活性剂、润滑剂、分散剂、阻燃剂、模制助剂和抗冲改性剂的添加剂。该清单是非限制的。
该光学元件是通过将该光学元件的组分化合物成形而获得的物体/物品。例如，它可以是选自由注射或模制零件组成的组的物品。有利的是，该光学元件具有在0.4mm和40mm之间的厚度，优选在1mm和30mm之间，更优选在2mm和25mm之间。
该光学元件有利地是一个透镜。它可以是一个菲涅耳透镜。它可以是凸面的或凹面的。
优选地，本发明的光学元件是光学透明的，即是说根据ASTM D1003标准它具有至少88％的透光率。
该光学元件可以根据任何已知的、用于制备光学元件特别是透镜的方法来制备。
首先，可能制备由该光学元件的组分化合物的聚合物组成的粒料，例如，通过挤出处于棒状形式的、形成该光学元件的聚合物或包括该聚合物的组合物；之后切割该棒状物以形成粒料。添加剂诸如增塑剂、稳定剂等，可以在挤出装置的不同位置引入，例如在一个双螺杆挤出机的不同位置。之后可以将这些粒料引入到一个转化和成形装置，诸如一个用于模制、注射模制、挤出、浇铸等等的装置。这些方法是本领域的普通技术人员所熟知的。
本发明同样涉及包括了具有如以上所述的至少一个光学元件的光学系统的一种LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块。
这个LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块包括：
-至少一个LED(电致发光二极管)芯片，密封在一种封装剂材料中，诸如环氧树脂；
-至少包括如上所述的至少一个光学元件的光学系统；以及
-两个电极(阳极和阴极)。
LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的结构是本领域的普通技术人员所熟知的。
本发明的LED光源模块的LED(电致发光二极管)芯片可以是发出可见光、紫外线或红外线的任何芯片。
LED(电致发光二极管)芯片的结构包括一个半导体材料层。例如，该LED芯片可以包括来自元素周期表的列III和IV的半导体材料层(诸如GaAs、GaAlAs、GaN、InGaN、GaP等)，或来自元素周期表的列II至VI的半导体材料层(诸如ZnSe、ZnSSe、CdTe等)，或来自元素周期表的列IV和V的半导体材料层(诸如SiC)。该LED芯片还可以包括其他层。
本发明的LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块可以包括多个LED芯片。
LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学系统的结构是本领域的普通技术人员所熟知的。它可以是复杂且多样的。
该光学系统使得有可能，特别是优化LED芯片产生的光的透射。
该光学系统包括至少一个光学元件。它可以包括几个光学元件的组合。
该光学系统可以具有不同的形状和不同的排列。这些形状和这些排列是本领域的普通技术人员所熟知的。
根据本发明的一个具体的实施例，该光学元件是覆盖在该LED芯片上的透镜。例如，它可以是呈珠粒状的、半球状的，等。
根据本发明的模块的一个具体的实施例，该光学元件是一个准直器、聚集器或发散器。准直器是一个集中光通量的光学元件。
最后本发明涉及至少包括本发明的LED光源模块的LED(电致发光二极管)灯。
根据本发明的另一个实施例，该灯也包括覆盖在LED光源模块上的灯泡或灯罩。这个灯泡或这个灯罩通常具有保护该LED光源模块的作用。
该灯泡可以是不同形状的。例如，它可以是圆形、弧线形、圆柱形等。
根据本发明的这个具体的实施例，该灯泡或该灯罩优选包括至少一种选自以下聚合物的聚合物：纤维素及其衍生物、淀粉及其衍生物、海藻酸盐及其衍生物、瓜尔胶及其衍生物、甲壳素及其衍生物以及果胶及其衍生物。以上描述的关于该光学元件的聚合物的每样事物在此适用于该灯泡或该灯罩。
本发明的光学元件具有对其在LED光源模块中的应用非常好的特性。具体地，它是透明的(其具有高透光率)，比玻璃轻的，并且它具有好的机械性能，特别是在模量方面。可以获得它以各种尺寸和形状，并且它适合于大量生产。本发明的光学元件的另一个优点是它可以是由生物基材料制成的。
依据下面给出的实例，本发明的其他细节或优点将变得更清楚。
实例
实例1：
在这个实例中，制备了用于LED光源模块中的光学元件的增塑的醋酸纤维素酯圆盘。
通过挤出，将根据ASTM D871-72标准具有2.45的取代度和0.342的本征粘度的醋酸纤维素酯用按重量计30％的伊士曼(Eastman)公司出售的三乙酸甘油酯增塑。
在下面的条件下制备这种材料。使用克莱斯特罗(Clextral)公司出售的一个Evolum 32
共旋转双螺杆挤出机，其具有直径D＝32mm和长径比L/D＝44。通过进料斗引入醋酸纤维素酯粉末，并且通过特定的进料槽在螺杆的开始位置引入液态增塑剂(三乙酸甘油酯)。所应用的加工条件如下所列：
-螺杆旋转速度：100rpm；
-通过量：10kg/h；
-从进料斗到模口的温度特征曲线：从80℃到160℃。
在离开挤出机时，该增塑的醋酸纤维素酯棒被粒化。
然后以此方式制备的颗粒通过注射模制用阿博格(Arburg)350-90
压力机(35吨的合模力)。在下列条件下获得具有85mm的直径和3mm厚度的增塑的醋酸纤维素酯圆盘：
-单螺杆挤出机的进料斗温度特征曲线：160℃-172℃-172℃-179℃；
-模制温度：70℃
-注射周期长度：37.8s。
然后使用柯尼卡美能达(Konica Minolta)CM-5
分光光度计，以根据ASTM D1003标准测量透射率。对这个3mm厚的样品在700nm处获得94.3％的透射率。
实例2：
在这个实例中，用按重量计10％的奥德里奇(Aldrich)公司出售的三乙酸甘油酯来增塑伊士曼公司出售的纤维素乙酸丁酸酯CAB381-2
将下列添加剂加入配方中：
-抗氧化剂：
о按重量计0.5％的Irganox
(四(亚甲基-(3，5-二-(叔)-丁基-4-氢化肉桂酸))甲烷)(汽巴(Ciba)公司出售)；
о按重量计0.5％的Irgafos
(三(2，4-双-叔-丁基苯基)亚磷酸酯)(汽巴公司出售)；
-UV吸收剂：
о按重量计0.3％的Tinuvin
(2-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4，6-双(1-乙基-1-苯乙基)苯酚)(汽巴公司出售)。
Claims (16)
1.一种用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于其包括至少一种选自以下聚合物的聚合物：纤维素及其衍生物、淀粉及其衍生物、海藻酸盐及其衍生物、瓜尔胶及其衍生物、甲壳素及其衍生物以及果胶及其衍生物。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于该聚合物是酯。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于该聚合物是纤维素酯。
4.如以上权利要求之一所述的用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于该聚合物是醋酸纤维素酯。
5.如以上权利要求之一所述的用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于其包括至少50％的聚合物。
6.如以上权利要求之一所述的用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于其包括增塑剂。
7.如以上权利要求之一所述的用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于其包括热稳定剂。
8.如以上权利要求之一所述的用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于其包括光稳定剂。
9.如以上权利要求之一所述的用于LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块的光学元件，其特征在于其是透镜。
10.一种LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块，包括：
-封装在封装剂材料，诸如环氧树脂，中的至少一个LED(电致发光二极管)芯片
-包括至少一个如权利要求1至9之一所述的光学元件的光学系统；以及
-两个电极(阳极和阴极)。
11.如权利要求10所述的LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块，其特征在于该光学元件是覆盖在该LED芯片上的透镜。
12.如权利要求10或11所述的LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块，其特征在于该光学元件是准直器、聚集器或发散器。
13.如权利要求10至12中的一项所述的LED(电致发光二极管)光源模块，其特征在于其包括多个LED芯片。
14.一种LED(电致发光二极管)灯，其特征在于其至少包括如权利要求10至13之一所述的LED光源模块。
15.如权利要求14所述的LED(电致发光二极管)灯，其特征在于其还包括覆盖在该LED光源模块上的灯罩或灯泡。
16.如权利要求15所述的LED(电致发光二极管)灯，其特征在于该灯泡或该灯罩包括至少一种选自以下聚合物的聚合物：纤维素及其衍生物、淀粉及其衍生物、海藻酸盐及其衍生物、瓜尔胶及其衍生物、甲壳素及其衍生物以及果胶及其衍生物。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1060823 | 2010-12-20 | ||
| FR1060823A FR2969311B1 (fr) | 2010-12-20 | 2010-12-20 | Module de source lumineuse a led (diode electroluminescente) |
| PCT/EP2011/073339 WO2012084899A1 (fr) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Module de source lumineuse a led (diode electroluminescente) |
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| CN103492911A true CN103492911A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
Family
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| CN201180068017.5A Pending CN103492911A (zh) | 2010-12-20 | 2011-12-20 | Led(电致发光二极管)光源模块 |
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| US (1) | US20130341665A1 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP2656117A1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP2014501444A (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR20140048078A (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN103492911A (zh) |
| FR (1) | FR2969311B1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2012084899A1 (zh) |
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- 2011-12-20 JP JP2013543834A patent/JP2014501444A/ja active Pending
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- 2011-12-20 US US13/995,435 patent/US20130341665A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20140048078A (ko) | 2014-04-23 |
| FR2969311B1 (fr) | 2013-01-18 |
| FR2969311A1 (fr) | 2012-06-22 |
| US20130341665A1 (en) | 2013-12-26 |
| JP2014501444A (ja) | 2014-01-20 |
| WO2012084899A1 (fr) | 2012-06-28 |
| EP2656117A1 (fr) | 2013-10-30 |
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