CN103478052A - Method for feeding river crabs by nano slow-release feeds - Google Patents
Method for feeding river crabs by nano slow-release feeds Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for feeding river crabs by nano slow-release feeds. The method comprises the following steps: excavating a ditch being 70-80cm in width around a pond and in the middle of the pond to serve as a temporary feeding pond for the river crabs, wherein the pond is rectangular, is in east and west directions and has a length-to-width ratio of 2 to 1 and a water grass planting area of 60%; controlling the released density of the river crabs in the pond to be 600-700 crabs/mu, wherein the transparency of water in the pond is more than 30cm when the crabs molt for the first time and the second time, is more than 50cm when the crabs molt for the third time and the fourth time and is more than 80cm when the crabs molt for the fifth time, regularly splashing unslaked lime water to the crab pond for a time per month. By adding a compound microorganism fertilizer, the river crabs can be promoted to grow quickly, the EPA (eicosapentaenoic acid) content can be increased, the diseases are reduced, the fatality rate is reduced, meanwhile beneficial microorganisms in a water body are added, and the final quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for aquaculture, especially a kind of method of utilizing the nano controlled-release feed to raise river crab.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of China's economy and the generally raising of living standards of the people, people no longer are satisfied with on dining table the conventional popular aquatic products such as carp grass silver carp flathead, and turn to gradually the high-quality aquatic products such as river crab.On culture of Chinese mitten crab is produced, also realized by the quantity velocity profile transformation to quality and efficiency, changed to " bringing crab up " by " support crab " greatly, especially more focused on the cultivation of ecology, safety, environmental protection, health, nuisanceless aquatic products, also more and more higher to the quality requirement of aquatic products.For now, the in the past that high density of simple pursuit is thrown in, the small dimension commodity crab of high yield, has no longer included competitive advantage, has been not suitable with the market demand, and it is difficult to sell, and market price is low, and culture benefit is poor.Demand on present market, the high-quality crab of high-quality, large specification, and be the trend of development, its not only product fast sale, and price is high, and culture benefit is good.Support crab, brought crab up, supported the high-quality crab, supported healthy crab, supported nuisanceless crab, will carry out healthy breeding way.So-called healthy aquaculture, refer to the biological property according to river crab, use ecological principle to instruct crabs production, be river crab and build one and good be conducive to the ecotope that river crab grows, make river crab reduce to greatest extent the generation of disease, the commodity crab of forming during growing.Pollution-free, individual large, yellow full cream fertilizer, have good quality.Carry out innoxious management, guarantee the omnidistance quality safety of culture of Chinese mitten crab from the pond to the dining table and allow people be able to eat relieved high-quality crab.Only in this way, product could be in great demand without hindrance, and enterprise just can develop, the economic benefit that cultivating river crab just can be obtained and social benefit.
Summary of the invention
One of purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of utilizing the nano controlled-release feed to raise river crab comprises the following steps:
1) build in pond: pond is shaped as rectangle, East and West direction, aspect ratio 2:1, the pasture and water cultivated area is 60%, be positioned in the middle of pond, the pond surrounding is excavated the storage pond, holding pond of the wide ring ditch of 70～80 ㎝ as river crab, pond is totally smooth, the high 2m in the ridge, pond, 1:3 is compared on slope, face width 1.5～2m, the cultivation depth of water 1～1.5m, culvert system goes out for entering west in the east, pond requires the sandy end, mud 15cm left and right, more than depth of water 1.5m, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water quality is good, without sewage, flow into, the crab Chi Gan pool, be polygon at the bottom of pond after tanning by the sun, take to go away is not absorbed in as good, with bleaching powder, clean up the pond, consumption 15 kg/667 m
2, to water full pond float, crab pond surrounding is installed the calcium-plastic board that 6 cm are high and is escaped facility as anti-, lowest part at the bottom of pond, and with 1.2 m, the area of high screen cloth enclosure 15% left and right is as the Zan Yang district, and screen cloth is made with calcium-plastic board and PEF net sheet, in water inlet, transplant waterweed and hydrilla verticillata, Quan Chi and cut stem segmentation transplanting, line space 4～5m, apply biological organic fertilizer 20 ㎏/667m
2, separately add composite fertilizer 2 ㎏/667m
2, sowing eel grass, every 667m
2eel grass son 150～200g, and keep the pasture and water coverage rate to account for pond area 60% left and right, water inlet the tenth day, after examination water detoxification, every 667m
2throw in spiral shell 150 ㎏ and enter the cisterna ambiens ditch, minute 3 inputs, amount to every 667m2 and throw in spiral shell 400 ㎏,
2) seed is put in a suitable place to breed: kind is pure, neat specification, and the physique stalwartness, appendage is complete, and it is movable that kind is pure flexibly, neat specification, the physique stalwartness, appendage is complete, flexibly movable, the hand escape that scatters immediately after grabbing and unclamping; The breeding density of pond crab farming should be controlled at 700/mu of 600-;
3) feed preparation: feed is prepared, described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar grain powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, vitaminB10 .6-0.8 part, cobalamin 0.2-0.6 part, kongpo monkshood root 4.5-5.5 part, 4-5 parts of semen momordicaes, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part,
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, in 65 ℃, stir 60 hours, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 ℃ of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, dry 24 hours of 60 ℃ of temperature, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(2) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, in temperature 50 C, stir more than 10 hours, in 30 ℃ of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at the 600W power ultrasonic, with constant temperature heating device, be heated to 90 ℃, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain the nano controlled-release carrier complexes;
Feed producing method comprises the following steps: (1) dries pasture and water, makes its water content below 40%, and it is cut to 2-4cm, then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, vinegar grain powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt, fully stirs, and mixes; (2) said mixture is fermented, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and the fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, and be 50-60 hour winter oxygen supply time, and be 20-25 hour summer, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 ℃, and fermentation time is 7-10 days; (3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are mixed according to described ratio, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis to be fermented; Above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days; Then plastic film is thrown off, and stirred, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 50 ℃, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 50 ℃, the retention time is 2-4 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 6-8 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete; (4) organic mixture after step (1) and step (2) are fermented, sterilized is carried out to drying, baking temperature is 45-60 ℃, and being dried to water content is 15-25%; (5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in above-mentioned material according to described ratio, fully mix, stir; (6) calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, vitamin B1, cobalamin, rheum officinale, Radix Astragali part, Divine Comedy are joined in mixture according to described ratio, fully mix, stir; (7) add kongpo monkshood root 4.5-5.5 part, 4-5 parts of semen momordicaes, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part above-mentioned material to be carried out under the condition of 18-45 ℃ to low temperature drying afterwards, making its water content is below 10%, mixes and obtains microbial fish guano;
Aquaculture management: water quality: 1st, make water transparence more than 30 cm during 2 shells, 3rd, 4 shells make water transparence more than 50 cm, during the 5th shell, the transparency of Chi Shui is more than 80 cm, the lime water of will regularly splashing to the crab pond, per month once, be mainly the content that improves the ph value and increase calcium ion in water body; Throwing is executed calcium dihydrogen phosphate per month once, each 2kg/ mu, carry out cross-reference with quicklime, can overlap in the crab pond and support appropriate flower silver carp spring sheet fingerling, put the 500-100 tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu, to annotate in good time and renew water, general every 7-changes notes once in 10 days, changes the water filling position at every turn and sets up the micro-pore oxygenation facility at 20cm left and right micro-pore oxygenation, guarantees the dissolved oxygen amount that Chi Shuiyou is enough, avoid a large amount of accumulations because of the harmful substances such as anoxic and hydrogen sulphide, nitrite in the crab pond, and harm river crab healthy growth.Opening time: 5, June is at muggy weather and unbroken rainy weather, and open evening, and July, fine day 14:00 opened later, overcast and rainyly at midnight, opens.
Bait feeding: the microbial fish guano 100-200kg/ mu the loose step 2 of throwing), the life habit that when in time bait throwing in should be according to fishing, season and river crab are hidden by day and come out at night is carried out bait throwing in, throw something and feed every day twice, early respectively throw something and feed once for 8 and late 5, should take the dusk bait throwing in as main, and the bait throwing on daytime is auxiliary, and its, daily ration, feeding quantity should account for 70% of whole day daily ration, feeding quantity in night, account for 30% daytime, daily ration, feeding quantity take that river crab has enough and surplus residual bait is degree;
The kind of pasture and water is wanted variation, and herbaceous stem is wanted goodization, not only emergent aquactic plant and floatingleaved plant will be arranged, and also submerged plant should be arranged, as reed, barnyard grass, the stem or leaf of cattail, common calla, duckweed, water peanut, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, waterweed.
Invent useful technique effect:
Add the Fast Growth that composite microbe fertilizer of the present invention can promote river crab, EPA content increases, and disease reduces, and the river crab that dies of illness reduces, and also makes the beneficial microbe in water body increase simultaneously, and final quality and quality all are improved.Utilize hydroxyapatite etc. itself to there is the character of loose structure, fertilizer components is adsorbed in the inner mesh of carrier, reach the purpose of slow release.Hydroxyapatite also has biodegradable characteristic, and the gained catabolite is the various trace elements ion, and these elements can be absorbed again.The nano controlled-release additive has good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal tract mucous compatibility, each component that makes it load has controlled-release function, through twice-modified nano-complex medicine carrying amount and adsorbing capacity, all improve a lot, the fertilizer efficiency time lengthening is more than 3 months, effectively suppress the increment of animal pathogen, improve the producer's benefit.Add the Fast Growth that composite microbe fertilizer of the present invention can promote shrimp, EPA content increases, and disease reduces, and the shrimp that dies of illness reduces, and also makes the beneficial microbe in water body increase simultaneously, and final quality and quality all are improved.
Embodiment
Below will be described in detail the preferred embodiments of the present invention; Should be appreciated that preferred embodiment is only for the present invention is described, rather than in order to limit the scope of the invention.
A kind of method of utilizing the nano controlled-release feed to raise river crab comprises the following steps:
Build in pond: pond is shaped as rectangle, East and West direction, aspect ratio 2:1, the pasture and water cultivated area is 60%, be positioned in the middle of pond, the pond surrounding is excavated the storage pond, holding pond of the wide ring ditch of 70～80 ㎝ as river crab, pond is totally smooth, the high 2m in the ridge, pond, 1:3 is compared on slope, face width 1.5～2m, the cultivation depth of water 1～1.5m, culvert system goes out for entering west in the east, pond requires the sandy end, mud 15cm left and right, more than depth of water 1.5m, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water quality is good, without sewage, flow into, the crab Chi Gan pool, be polygon at the bottom of pond after tanning by the sun, take to go away is not absorbed in as good, with bleaching powder, clean up the pond, consumption 15 kg/667 m
2, to water full pond float, crab pond surrounding is installed the calcium-plastic board that 6 cm are high and is escaped facility as anti-, lowest part at the bottom of pond, and with 1.2 m, the area of high screen cloth enclosure 15% left and right is as the Zan Yang district, and screen cloth is made with calcium-plastic board and PEF net sheet, in water inlet, transplant waterweed and hydrilla verticillata, Quan Chi and cut stem segmentation transplanting, line space 4～5m, apply biological organic fertilizer 20 ㎏/667m
2, separately add composite fertilizer 2 ㎏/667m
2, sowing eel grass, every 667m
2eel grass son 150～200g, and keep the pasture and water coverage rate to account for pond area 60% left and right, water inlet the tenth day, after examination water detoxification, every 667m
2throw in spiral shell 150 ㎏ and enter the cisterna ambiens ditch, minute 3 inputs, amount to every 667m2 and throw in spiral shell 400 ㎏,
Seed is put in a suitable place to breed: kind is pure, neat specification, and the physique stalwartness, appendage is complete, and it is movable that kind is pure flexibly, neat specification, the physique stalwartness, appendage is complete, flexibly movable, the hand escape that scatters immediately after grabbing and unclamping; The breeding density of pond crab farming should be controlled at 700/mu of 600-;
Feed is prepared, described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar grain powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, vitaminB10 .6-0.8 part, cobalamin 0.2-0.6 part, kongpo monkshood root 4.5-5.5 part, 4-5 parts of semen momordicaes, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part,
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, in 65 ℃, stir 60 hours, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 ℃ of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, dry 24 hours of 60 ℃ of temperature, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(2) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, in temperature 50 C, stir more than 10 hours, in 30 ℃ of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition.Filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at the 600W power ultrasonic, with constant temperature heating device, be heated to 90 ℃, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain the nano controlled-release carrier complexes;
Feed producing method comprises the following steps: (1) dries pasture and water, makes its water content below 40%, and it is cut to 2-4cm, then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, vinegar grain powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt, fully stirs, and mixes; (2) said mixture is fermented, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and the fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, and be 50-60 hour winter oxygen supply time, and be 20-25 hour summer, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 ℃, and fermentation time is 7-10 days; (3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are mixed according to described ratio, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis to be fermented; Above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days; Then plastic film is thrown off, and stirred, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 50 ℃, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 50 ℃, the retention time is 2-4 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 6-8 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete; (4) organic mixture after step (1) and step (2) are fermented, sterilized is carried out to drying, baking temperature is 45-60 ℃, and being dried to water content is 15-25%; (5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in above-mentioned material according to described ratio, fully mix, stir; (6) calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, vitamin B1, cobalamin, rheum officinale, Radix Astragali part, Divine Comedy are joined in mixture according to described ratio, fully mix, stir; (7) add kongpo monkshood root 4.5-5.5 part, 4-5 parts of semen momordicaes, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part above-mentioned material to be carried out under the condition of 18-45 ℃ to low temperature drying afterwards, making its water content is below 10%.
Aquaculture management: water quality: 1st, make water transparence more than 30 cm during 2 shells, 3rd, 4 shells make water transparence more than 50 cm, during the 5th shell, the transparency of Chi Shui is more than 80 cm, the lime water of will regularly splashing to the crab pond, per month once, be mainly the content that improves the ph value and increase calcium ion in water body; Throwing is executed calcium dihydrogen phosphate per month once, each 2kg/ mu, carry out cross-reference with quicklime, can overlap in the crab pond and support appropriate flower silver carp spring sheet fingerling, put the 500-100 tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu, to annotate in good time and renew water, general every 7-changes notes once in 10 days, changes the water filling position at every turn and sets up the micro-pore oxygenation facility at 20cm left and right micro-pore oxygenation, guarantees the dissolved oxygen amount that Chi Shuiyou is enough, avoid a large amount of accumulations because of the harmful substances such as anoxic and hydrogen sulphide, nitrite in the crab pond, and harm river crab healthy growth.Opening time: 5, June is at muggy weather and unbroken rainy weather, and open evening, and July, fine day 14:00 opened later, overcast and rainyly at midnight, opens.
Bait feeding: the microbial fish guano 100-200kg/ mu the loose step 2 of throwing), the life habit that when in time bait throwing in should be according to fishing, season and river crab are hidden by day and come out at night is carried out bait throwing in, throw something and feed every day twice, early respectively throw something and feed once for 8 and late 5, should take the dusk bait throwing in as main, and the bait throwing on daytime is auxiliary, and its, daily ration, feeding quantity should account for 70% of whole day daily ration, feeding quantity in night, account for 30% daytime, daily ration, feeding quantity take that river crab has enough and surplus residual bait is degree;
The kind of pasture and water is wanted variation, and herbaceous stem is wanted goodization, not only emergent aquactic plant and floatingleaved plant will be arranged, and also submerged plant should be arranged, as reed, barnyard grass, the stem or leaf of cattail, common calla, duckweed, water peanut, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, waterweed.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method is with embodiment 1.
River crab juvenile stage in growth, pull out, divide and support in the middle of five ponds, 500, every pond, fertile and the common river crab fertilizer of microorganism river crab of throwing in respectively the embodiment of the present invention 1 according to the injected volume of every mu of 200kg in four ponds (contrasts 1, originate from Beijing Century AMMS Biotechnology Co., Ltd.), river crab fertilizer (contrasting 2) is not thrown in the another one pond, but throw in the common fish food of same amount, remaining feeding amount is identical, culture environment is identical, cultivation through 2-4 month, the upgrowth situation that contrasts its output and river crab adds the Fast Growth that composite microbe fertilizer of the present invention can promote river crab, EPA content increases, disease reduces, the river crab that dies of illness reduces, also make the beneficial microbe in water body increase simultaneously, final quality and quality all are improved.
Utilize hydroxyapatite etc. itself to there is the character of loose structure, fertilizer components is adsorbed in the inner mesh of carrier, reach the purpose of slow release.Hydroxyapatite also has biodegradable characteristic, and the gained catabolite is the various trace elements ion, and these elements can be absorbed again.The nano controlled-release additive has good biocompatibility, gastrointestinal tract mucous compatibility, each component that makes it load has controlled-release function, through twice-modified nano-complex medicine carrying amount and adsorbing capacity, all improve a lot, the fertilizer efficiency time lengthening is more than 3 months, effectively suppress the increment of animal pathogen, improve the producer's benefit.Add the Fast Growth that composite microbe fertilizer of the present invention can promote shrimp, EPA content increases, and disease reduces, and the shrimp that dies of illness reduces, and also makes the beneficial microbe in water body increase simultaneously, and final quality and quality all are improved.
Claims (2)
1. a method of utilizing the nano controlled-release feed to raise river crab comprises the following steps:
Build in pond: pond is shaped as rectangle, East and West direction, aspect ratio 2:1, the pasture and water cultivated area is 60%, be positioned in the middle of pond, the pond surrounding is excavated the storage pond, holding pond of the wide ring ditch of 70～80 ㎝ as river crab, pond is totally smooth, the high 2m in the ridge, pond, 1:3 is compared on slope, face width 1.5～2m, the cultivation depth of water 1～1.5m, culvert system goes out for entering west in the east, pond requires the sandy end, mud 15cm left and right, more than depth of water 1.5m, irrigation and drainage are convenient, water quality is good, without sewage, flow into, the crab Chi Gan pool, be polygon at the bottom of pond after tanning by the sun, take to go away is not absorbed in as good, with bleaching powder, clean up the pond, consumption 15 kg/667 m
2, to water full pond float, crab pond surrounding is installed the calcium-plastic board that 6 cm are high and is escaped facility as anti-, lowest part at the bottom of pond, and with 1.2 m, the area of high screen cloth enclosure 15% left and right is as the Zan Yang district, and screen cloth is made with calcium-plastic board and PEF net sheet, in water inlet, transplant waterweed and hydrilla verticillata, Quan Chi and cut stem segmentation transplanting, line space 4～5m, apply biological organic fertilizer 20 ㎏/667m
2, separately add composite fertilizer 2 ㎏/667m
2, sowing eel grass, every 667m
2eel grass son 150～200g, and keep the pasture and water coverage rate to account for pond area 60% left and right, water inlet the tenth day, after examination water detoxification, every 667m
2throw in spiral shell 150 ㎏ and enter the cisterna ambiens ditch, minute 3 inputs, amount to every 667m2 and throw in spiral shell 400 ㎏,
Seed is put in a suitable place to breed: kind is pure, neat specification, and the physique stalwartness, appendage is complete, and it is movable that kind is pure flexibly, neat specification, the physique stalwartness, appendage is complete, flexibly movable, the hand escape that scatters immediately after grabbing and unclamping; The breeding density of pond crab farming should be controlled at 700/mu of 600-;
3) feed is prepared, described feedstuff comprises the composition of following weight ratio: silicate bacterium 0.5-0.8 part, streptococcus fecalis 1-3 part, Trichoderma 0.6-0.8 part, Rhodopseudomonas palustris 2-5 part, saccharomycete 0.3-0.5 part, fishbone dust 50-60 part, vinegar grain powder 65-70 part, waste liquid sediment 50-55 part, rice bran 40-60 part, brown sugar 12-14 part, salt 10-14 part, pig manure 80-85 part, pork slaughter house discarded object 45-55 part, pasture and water 60-65 part, calcium bicarbonate 12-16 part, urea 14-17 part, ironic citrate 1-3 part, vitaminB10 .6-0.8 part, cobalamin 0.2-0.6 part, kongpo monkshood root 4.5-5.5 part, 4-5 parts of semen momordicaes, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part,
The preparation method of described nano controlled-release carrier is:
(1) silicon hydroxyapatite, concave convex rod, hydrotalcite, imvite, titanium dioxide, calcite, kaolin are mixed according to the mass fraction proportioning of 35-45:10-15: 10-15:8-10:8-10:7-8:5-7, join in the mixed solution of 230 parts of methyl-sulfoxides (DMSO) and 50 parts of methyl alcohol, in 65 ℃, stir 60 hours, filter, and wash and remove excessive methyl-sulfoxide (DMSO) for 3 times with the hot ethanol of 60 ℃ of temperature, put into vacuum drying chamber, dry 24 hours of 60 ℃ of temperature, grinding is sieved, and obtains modified composite one time;
(2) 1 part of modified composite, 15 parts of potassium acetates and 25 parts of distilled water are mixed, in temperature 50 C, stir more than 10 hours, in 30 ℃ of temperature, first under ultrasonic electric power 350W condition, disperse 3.5 hours, and then disperse 4 hours under ultrasonic electric power 250W condition, filter, and wash 3 times with distillation, 80 ℃ of vacuum drying 24 hours, grinding is sieved, and obtains twice-modified compound; (3) above-mentioned 1 part of twice-modified compound is disperseed to 60min at the 600W power ultrasonic, with constant temperature heating device, be heated to 90 ℃, and stir (1200r/min) 60 minutes with mechanical agitator; Obtain the nano controlled-release carrier complexes;
Feed producing method comprises the following steps: (1) dries pasture and water, makes its water content below 40%, and it is cut to 2-4cm, then according to described ratio, adds fishbone dust, vinegar grain powder, rice bran, brown sugar, salt, fully stirs, and mixes; (2) said mixture is fermented, described fermentation is aerobic composting fermentation, and the fermentation water accounts for the 20-30% of material gross weight, and be 50-60 hour winter oxygen supply time, and be 20-25 hour summer, and fermentation temperature is 45-60 ℃, and fermentation time is 7-10 days; (3) waste liquid sediment, pig manure, pork slaughter house discarded object are mixed according to described ratio, add saccharomycete, streptococcus fecalis to be fermented; Above-mentioned substance is inserted to mixing corruption in pond and macerate, plastic film on upper cap, carry out fermenting in advance in 3-5 days; Then plastic film is thrown off, and stirred, allow mixture contact oxygen, temperature gradually raises, from normal temperature to 50 ℃, keep continuing turning after 1-3 days, then be raised to 60 ℃ from 50 ℃, the retention time is 2-4 days, then cool the temperature to normal temperature, keep 6-8 days, until slaking is fully fermented complete; (4) organic mixture after step (1) and step (2) are fermented, sterilized is carried out to drying, baking temperature is 45-60 ℃, and being dried to water content is 15-25%; (5) silicate bacterium, Trichoderma, Rhodopseudomonas palustris are joined in above-mentioned material according to described ratio, fully mix, stir; (6) calcium bicarbonate, urea, ironic citrate, vitamin B1, cobalamin, rheum officinale, Radix Astragali part, Divine Comedy are joined in mixture according to described ratio, fully mix, stir; (7) add kongpo monkshood root 4.5-5.5 part, 4-5 parts of semen momordicaes, Chinese Stellera Root 1-1.5 part, nano controlled-release carrier 20-25 part above-mentioned material to be carried out under the condition of 18-45 ℃ to low temperature drying afterwards, making its water content is below 10%;
Aquaculture management: water quality: 1st, make water transparence more than 30 cm during 2 shells, 3rd, 4 shells make water transparence more than 50 cm, during the 5th shell, the transparency of Chi Shui is more than 80 cm, the lime water of will regularly splashing to the crab pond, per month once, be mainly the content that improves the ph value and increase calcium ion in water body, throwing is executed calcium dihydrogen phosphate per month once, each 2kg/ mu, carry out cross-reference with quicklime, can overlap in the crab pond and support appropriate flower silver carp spring sheet fingerling, put the 500-100 tail in a suitable place to breed for every mu, to annotate in good time and renew water, general every 7-changes notes once in 10 days, change the water filling position at every turn and set up the micro-pore oxygenation facility at 20cm left and right micro-pore oxygenation, guarantee the dissolved oxygen amount that Chi Shuiyou is enough, avoid because of anoxic and hydrogen sulphide in the crab pond, a large amount of accumulations of the harmful substances such as nitrite, and harm river crab healthy growth, opening time: 5, June is at muggy weather and unbroken rainy weather, open evening, July, fine day 14:00 opened later, overcast and rainyly at midnight, open, bait feeding: the microbial fish guano 100-200kg/ mu the loose step 2 of throwing), the life habit that when in time bait throwing in should be according to fishing, season and river crab are hidden by day and come out at night is carried out bait throwing in, throw something and feed every day twice, early respectively throw something and feed once for 8 and late 5, should take the dusk bait throwing in as main, the bait throwing on daytime is auxiliary, its, daily ration, feeding quantity should account for 70% of whole day daily ration, feeding quantity in night, account for 30% daytime, daily ration, feeding quantity take that river crab has enough and surplus residual bait is degree.
2. method for breeding river crab as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: the kind of pasture and water is wanted variation, herbaceous stem is wanted goodization, not only emergent aquactic plant and floatingleaved plant to be arranged, also submerged plant should be arranged, as reed, barnyard grass, the stem or leaf of cattail, common calla, duckweed, water peanut, hydrilla verticillata, eel grass, waterweed.
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