CN103476835B - 硅酮化合物和包含该硅酮化合物的光防护性个人护理组合物 - Google Patents
硅酮化合物和包含该硅酮化合物的光防护性个人护理组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN103476835B CN103476835B CN201280019428.XA CN201280019428A CN103476835B CN 103476835 B CN103476835 B CN 103476835B CN 201280019428 A CN201280019428 A CN 201280019428A CN 103476835 B CN103476835 B CN 103476835B
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- A61Q17/04—Topical preparations for affording protection against sunlight or other radiation; Topical sun tanning preparations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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Abstract
本发明涉及具有光防护性能的硅酮化合物以及包括该化合物的个人护理组合物。本发明人在开发对UV照射和可见光照射两者给予防护的遮光剂中发现,当将具有紫外可见光吸收活性的通常在自然界中存在的某些部分,即羟基蒽醌,连接到交联硅酮聚合物时,它们不仅提供所需光防护,而且在皮肤上提供优异的铺展性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及硅酮(silicone)化合物和具有光防护性能的包含该硅酮化合物的个人护理组合物。
发明背景
太阳照射包括约5%的紫外线(UV)照射,其波长为200至400 nm。其进一步分类成三个区域:320至400 nm (UV-A),290至320 nm (UV-B)和200至290 nm (UV-C)。大部分UV-C照射被臭氧层吸收。科学研究已经表明短期暴露于UV-A和UV-B照射引起皮肤变红和局部刺激,而持续的和长时间的暴露可能导致晒伤、黑色素瘤和形成皱纹。据报道UV照射引起对头发的显著损伤。因此,希望保护人体的皮肤和其它角质基底(substrates)免受UV-A和UV-B照射两者的有害影响。
此外,不久前,有越来越多的证据表明保护身体免受可见光谱的损伤作用也是必要的。可见光部分的范围为400至800 nm。据信持续暴露于可见光是对皮肤的损伤作用,例如红疹、色素淀积、热损伤和自由基产生的原因(Effects of Visible Light on the Skin,Photochemistry and Photobiology,第84卷,第2期,第450-462页,2008)。因此除防护UV射线之外,同样还需要获得更宽的包括可见光的光谱防护。通常将遮光剂(Sunscreens)或阻光剂加入到个人护理组合物中来保护皮肤免受UV照射的有害影响。
有机遮光剂吸收大部分入射UV照射,由此防止照射接触皮肤表面。它们具有UV吸收位点,称为发色团,这是它们活性的主要原因。一些遮光剂吸收UV-A照射,而一些吸收UV-B照射。本发明人已经对提供用于防晒目的的改进方法和化合物进行了多年研究。一种此类方法已经公开在印度专利申请2084/MUM/2006A中,其中UV-A和UV-B部分都连接至硅酮主链。
尚未公开很多化合物和包含它们的组合物用于提供对除UV照射之外的可见光照射的防护。
US 4 381 260 (Union Carbide,1983)公开聚合染料,其中基团L,二价基团,通过共价键将发色部分与聚硅氧烷部分连接在一起,将颜色赋予聚合物分子。本发明的聚合染料可用于将天然纤维,例如丝绸、羊毛和棉染色,以及用于将塑料着色,或者用作食用染料以及用于药物和化妆品应用中。
本发明人已经对提供对UV和可见光照射都产生广谱防护的遮光剂的问题进行了研究。他们出乎意料地发现当连接至硅酮聚合物时,通常在自然界中存在的某些部分,例如羟基蒽醌不仅提供所需的UV和可见光光防护,而且还对皮肤和其它人类角质基底提供优异的铺展性,这是提供增强的光防护所必要的。此外,由此合成的新型聚合物高度适合于用亲水基团进一步衍生化,所述亲水基团使聚合物能够在局部产品中自乳化。此外,当引入包含常规UVA和UVB遮光剂的遮光剂组合物中时,本发明的化合物产生增强的防晒性。
因此本发明的目的之一是克服或改善现有技术的至少一个缺点,或提供有用的替代方案。
本发明的另一个目的是提供产生相对更好的UV和可见光防护以及同时提供较高光稳定性的化合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供化合物,其对UV和可见光照射都产生增强的光防护,同时具有自乳化性能,能够在不需要额外乳化剂的情况下引入到个人护理组合物中。
本发明的另一个目的是提供个人护理遮光剂组合物,其最佳地铺展在基底上,产生所需的广谱光防护。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供以下通式的硅酮化合物:
其中各R1独立地为包含1-50个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,环烷基,多环烷基,杂环烷基,烷芳基,烷氧基,芳基,芳烷基,烯基,炔基或碳氟化合物基团;
R2为R1或-H、-OH或含有碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的有机部分;
“Vis”为紫外可见光吸收部分,选自羟基蒽醌基团
其能够共价连接至聚合物链;
R3为R1或能够连接至另一个聚合物的含有碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的任选有机部分(或间隔基(spacer));
单元A和F为末端部分;
嵌段B、C、D和E为以任何顺序独立地位于A和F之间的非末端部分;
a和c各自独立地为1-10,000的整数;和
b和d各自独立地为0-10,000的整数。
特别优选的是嵌段E单元经由R3与另一系列的嵌段E单元交联,形成网状构造。
根据本发明的优选方面,提供包含0.01至10重量%的本发明硅酮化合物的光防护性个人护理组合物。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供本发明的硅酮化合物作为遮光试剂的用途。
根据本发明的另一个方面,提供制备本发明的硅酮化合物的方法,包括以下步骤:使
(i) 含Si-H的硅氧烷,与
(ii) 下式的化合物
在催化剂和溶剂存在下反应,获得反应产物,其中Vi为UV-可见光吸收部分,选自具有烯基或炔基官能团的羟基蒽醌。
反应优选在具有烯基或炔基的双官能间隔基化合物存在下进行。
此外优选将反应产物加入到溶胀剂中,或在溶胀剂中合成。
通过阅读以下详细说明和所附权利要求,这些和其它方面、特征和优点对于本领域技术人员而言将变得显而易见。为了避免引起怀疑,本发明的一个方面的任何特征可以用于本发明的任何其它方面。措辞“包含”用来表示“包括”,而并不必然表示“由...构成”或“由...组成”。换言之,所列步骤或方案不需要是穷举的。应注意以下描述中给出的实施例意图是阐述本发明,而并不试图将本发明限制到那些实施例本身。类似地,所有百分比为重量/重量百分比,除非另有说明。除了操作中和对比例中之外,或当另外明确指明时,表示材料量或反应条件、材料物理性能和/或用途的描述中的所有数值应理解为由措辞‘约’所修饰。用格式“x至y”表示的数值范围理解为包括x和y。当对于特定的特征,以格式“x至y”描述多个优选范围时,应理解同样预期组合不同的端点的所有范围。不考虑权利要求可以在没有多项从属或冗余的情况下存在的事实,本文中存在的本发明的公开内容应被认为覆盖如多项从属于彼此的权利要求中存在的所有实施方案。
发明详述
本发明提供新颖的下式的硅酮化合物:
嵌段E的单元可以经由R3与另一系列嵌段E交联,形成以下通式的网状构造:
在上面描绘的羟基蒽醌基团的化合物中,通常,仅一个羟基与聚合物链反应。羟基蒽醌的各种形式如下所示:
R为共价连接羟基蒽醌发色团和聚合物链的双官能有机部分。
双官能间隔基团 (R3)
R3为含有碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的有机部分(或间隔基)。双官能间隔基具有两个末端烯基或炔基。基体硅酮聚合物链经由双官能间隔基团以共价键彼此连接。这些双官能间隔基团防止产生凝胶状物质的过度和三维交联。作为替代,它们促进形成相对易于引入到个人护理组合物中的交联弹性化合物。双官能间隔基团优选具有下式:
其中Y为含有碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的有机部分。
双官能间隔基化合物优选选自二烯基聚醚,αω二烯,αω二炔;αω烯-炔或二烯基和二炔基封端聚硅氧烷。αω-二烯的合适实例为1,4-戊二烯,1,5-己二烯,1,7-辛二烯;1,8-壬二烯,1,9-癸二烯,1,11-十二烷二烯,1,13-十四烷二烯和1,19-二十烷二烯。αω-二炔的合适实例为1,3-丁二炔或1,5-己二炔,而αω烯-炔优选为己烯-5-炔。进一步优选的是间隔基团是硅氧烷或聚醚基的。
二-烯基封端聚硅氧烷优选具有以下通式:
其中f为1-10,000的整数。更优选重复单元的数目为300-500,相当于平均分子量为22,000-40,000道尔顿。具有375个重复单元和28,000道尔顿分子量的乙烯基封端聚硅氧烷是特别优选的。
二-烯基封端聚醚可以由以下通式表示:
R5为R1或-H;其中g和h为1-10,000的整数。
单元A和F
单元A和F为末端部分。在单元A和F中,官能团R1优选为甲基或乙基。
嵌段B,C,D和E
嵌段B、C、D和E为以任何顺序独立地位于A和F之间的非末端部分。因此顺序可以为B-C-D-E,如发明概述中的式所示,或者顺序可以为满足标准“以任何顺序独立地位于A和F之间”的任何排列组合,即其可以为B-D-C-E,B-C-E-D,D-C-E-B,和许多其它可能。
方法
本发明还提供制备本发明硅酮化合物的便利方法。
在本发明的方法中,含Si-H的硅氧烷具有以下通式:
其中E为1-10,000的整数。
含Si-H的硅氧烷优选以反应混合物的0.001至95重量%存在。
紫外可见光吸收部分(Vi)选自羟基蒽醌化合物。如在本文中使用的,术语“紫外可见光吸收部分”表示具有至少50单位摩尔消光系数的部分。
下式的化合物:
优选以反应混合物的0.001至95重量%存在。
本发明方法中使用的双官能间隔基化合物优选具有下式
其中Y为含碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的有机部分。Y优选为选自烃、聚硅氧烷、聚醚、多元羧酸(polycarboxylic acids)或多糖的化合物。双官能间隔基化合物优选以反应混合物的0.001至95重量%存在。
所述方法优选在以下通式的单官能有机部分存在下进行
其中z为-R1或-OH或-H。单官能有机部分优选以反应介质的0.001至95重量%存在。
用于提供嵌段C官能团的最优选的化合物为聚乙二醇单烯丙基醚(Clarient)和长链烯烃,例如十八碳烯(Sigma Aldrich),具有以下显示的一般结构:
或
其中Rct为含碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的反应性基团。可选地,单官能有机部分优选具有以下通式:
嵌段C已被发现可用于包含在本发明化合物中,因为可以对其加以选择以提供有用的性能,例如乳化,以及充当其它亲油材料,例如遮光剂的增溶剂。此外,当用于头发护理产品中时,其已被发现在经由水基洗涤或冲洗体系将活性物沉积到头发方面是有效的。
催化剂
反应在催化剂存在下进行。催化剂优选选自金属络合物或其游离或固定形式的化合物或金属。过渡金属,例如铂、钯和铑是特别优选的。优选的催化剂包括氯铂酸,铂与不饱和化合物的络合物,例如铂(0)-1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷络合物;铂(0)-2,4,6,8-四甲基-2,4,6,8-四乙烯基环四硅氧烷络合物;Pt0 (1,5环辛二烯(cyclooctadine)),即Pt(COD)];铂膦络合物;碳载铂;例如二氧化硅的无机载体载铂,和铂黑。其它金属,例如钯、铑的络合物也可以用于该反应,例如Wilkinson氏催化剂RhCl[(C6H5)P]3。催化剂可以为非均相,例如在活性炭上,或优选为均相(Karstedt催化剂)。铂(0)-1,3-二乙烯基-1,1,3,3-四甲基二硅氧烷络合物是最优选的催化剂。催化剂优选以反应混合物的0.0001至20重量%的量使用。
反应介质
反应在属于溶剂的反应介质存在下进行,所述溶剂为水、硅酮液(silicone fluid)、极性有机化合物、非极性有机化合物或其混合物。典型地,溶剂以基于反应混合物中所有成分重量计的0.1至99.89重量%的量存在。优选溶剂以1至80重量%,和更优选1至50重量%的量存在。当溶剂为极性或非极性有机化合物时,优选的是用量将产生包含<40重量%固体的产品。当使用时,溶剂变为所得弹性体组合物的整体部分,并影响硅酮弹性体的结构和物理性能。优选不从硅酮弹性体组合物中清除溶剂。可用作溶剂的硅酮液包括烷基和/或芳基硅氧烷。优选的是挥发性甲基硅氧烷(VMS)。
线性VMS具有下式
环状VMS具有下式
优选挥发性甲基硅氧烷具有低于约250℃的标准沸点。代表性的线性挥发性甲基硅氧烷包括但不限于六甲基二硅氧烷、八甲基三硅氧烷、十甲基四硅氧烷、十二甲基五硅氧烷、十四甲基六硅氧烷和十六甲基七硅氧烷。代表性的环状挥发性甲基硅氧烷为六甲基环三硅氧烷、八甲基环四硅氧烷、十甲基环五硅氧烷和十二甲基环六硅氧烷。代表性的支化挥发性甲基硅氧烷为七甲基-3-{(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基}三硅氧烷、六甲基-3,3,二{(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基}三硅氧烷和五甲基{(三甲基甲硅烷基)氧基}环三硅氧烷。
示例性的硅酮液为聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚二乙基硅氧烷、聚甲基乙基硅氧烷、聚甲基苯基硅氧烷和聚二苯基硅氧烷。有机官能硅酮液也可以用作溶剂。官能硅酮液的实例包括但不限于丙烯酰胺官能硅酮液、丙烯酸酯官能硅酮液、甲醇官能硅酮液、羧基官能硅酮液、氯烷基官能硅酮液、二醇官能硅酮液、缩酮官能硅酮液、巯基官能硅酮液、甲酯官能硅酮液、全氟官能硅酮液、聚异丁烯(PIB)官能硅酮液、硅烷醇官能硅酮液和乙烯基官能硅酮液。当使用硅酮液时,所得紫外线照射吸收硅酮化合物为硅酮凝胶形式。
非极性有机化合物也可以用作溶剂。通常使用的有机溶剂包括芳族烃、脂族烃、高分子量醇、醛、酮、胺、酯、醚、二醇、乙二醇醚、烷基卤化物或芳族卤化物。当使用极性或非极性有机溶剂时,所得硅酮化合物为硅酮凝胶形式。合适的有机溶剂为在加工和使用的预期条件下,不与硅酮相的任何组分进行化学反应,以及适用于预定最终用途应用的那些。
根据反应物,反应温度为0-250℃,优选为约80-120℃,最优选为约110℃。反应时间可以为在1分钟至约48小时,更优选为在1至12小时变化。
溶胀剂
反应达到所需完成度之后,然后优选将内容物加入到溶胀剂中。溶胀剂优选为除水或低分子量醇之外的上述溶剂。除了以上之外,因此溶胀剂可以为硅酮液,极性有机化合物,或非极性有机化合物。溶胀剂最优选为硅酮液或官能硅酮液。溶胀剂优选以相对于反应混合物,重量比为1:10至10:1,更优选1:1至5:1的量使用。
本发明的额外优点是本发明的硅酮化合物可以用作例如油溶性维生素、香料和遮光剂的活性成分的递送媒介物。与硅酮弹性体相容的香料油可以被吸收到本发明的硅酮化合物中,它们的挥发性将降低,由此改善所需的感觉冲击。
本发明的优点是当引入到包括公知的UV-A有机遮光剂和油溶性UV-B遮光剂的遮光剂组合物中时,本发明的硅酮化合物协同提高防晒因数(SPF)。获得这一好处的优选UV-A遮光剂为Parsol 1789。获得这一好处的优选油溶性UV-B遮光剂选自如下的一类:肉桂酸、水杨酸、二苯基丙烯酸或其衍生物。这种油溶性有机遮光剂的实例为OctisalateTM、HomosalateTM、NeoHelipanTM、OctocryleneTM或Parsol MCXTM。最合适的油溶性UV-B有机遮光剂为Parsol MCX。
优选的反应方案
。
个人护理组合物
如在本文中使用的,“个人护理组合物”表示包括用于哺乳动物,特别是人类的皮肤和/或头发局部施用的组合物。这种组合物通常可以分类为保留型(leave-on)和清洗型(rinse off),并且包括施加于人体用于改善外观、清洁性、气味控制或一般性美观性的任何产品。本发明的组合物可以为液体、化妆水、乳膏、泡沫、磨砂(scrub)、凝胶、皂条或爽肤水(toner)的形式,或者用工具或经由面罩、垫片或贴片施加。个人护理组合物的非限定性实例包括保留型护肤水和乳膏,香波,护发素,沐浴露,厕所皂条,止汗剂,除臭剂,牙科产品,剃须膏,脱毛剂,口红,粉底,睫毛油,免晒美黑剂以及防晒水。如在本文中使用的,“皮肤”表示包括面部和身体(例如颈部、胸部、背部、臂部、腋下、手部、腿部、臀部和头皮)上的皮肤。
根据另一方面,本发明涉及个人护理组合物,其包含化妆品可接受媒介物中的根据本发明的硅酮化合物。优选的是该化合物以组合物的1至30重量%,更优选组合物的2至15重量%,和最优选组合物的3至10重量%存在。这些适用于保护人类皮肤和/或头发免受UV照射损伤作用。
本发明的个人护理组合物可以用作光防护人类表皮或头发免受紫外线照射的损伤作用的组合物,防日光/防晒组合物或化妆品。这种组合物可以特别是以化妆水、增稠化妆水、凝胶、乳膏、清洁乳、软膏、粉末或管状固体棒的形式提供,以及可以任选以气溶胶的方式包装,并且可以以摩斯、泡沫或喷雾的形式提供。
本发明的个人护理组合物也可以包含常用化妆品助剂和通常用于皮肤护理产品中的皮肤护理添加剂,例如液体或固体润肤剂,硅酮液,乳化剂,溶剂,保湿剂,聚合物或无机增稠剂,粉末,颜料(例如粘土矿物,硫酸钡,或珠光颜料,例如银色或金色,或任何彩虹色箔片珠光颜料(iris foil pearl pigment),具有红色、橙色、绿色、蓝色或紫色的干涉色(包括用无机颜料、有机颜料、色淀颜料等覆盖的任何彩虹色箔片珠光颜料),氯氧化铋,氯氧化铋包覆的云母),有和没有光稳定剂的有机或无机遮光剂,亮肤剂,皮肤调理剂,光学增亮剂,推进剂,修补剂(例如尿囊素),冷却剂(例如脲,薄荷醇,乳酸薄荷酯,frescolate),防腐剂和其它特殊对皮肤有益的活性物,皮肤护理活性物,例如亮肤活性物,抗老化、抗痤疮、抗菌、止汗试剂等。媒介物也可以进一步包括辅助剂,例如抗氧化剂、芳香剂、不透明剂、保存剂、着色剂和缓冲剂。本领域技术人员可以基于所需产品选择必要量的化妆品和皮肤病学助剂和添加剂。
该组合物可以另外包含0.1至20%,更优选0.1至5%的无机遮光试剂。可以使用的无机遮光剂为例如二氧化钛,氧化锌或二氧化硅,例如热解法二氧化硅,和它们的混合物。这些优选为微粉化形式。两种形式的任何一种的超细二氧化钛,即水分散性二氧化钛和油分散性二氧化钛,可以适用于本发明。水分散性二氧化钛为超细二氧化钛,其颗粒是未包覆的,或者其是用赋予颗粒亲水性表面性能的材料包覆的。这种材料的实例包括氧化铝和硅酸铝。油分散性二氧化钛为超细二氧化钛,其颗粒显示疏水性表面性能,并且为此目的,其可以用金属皂,例如硬脂酸铝、月桂酸铝或硬脂酸锌,或用有机硅酮化合物包覆。“超细或微粉化形式”表示无机遮光剂的颗粒具有小于100 μm,优选70 μm或更小,更优选小于40 μm和最优选15至25 μm的平均粒度。
充当亮肤成分的维生素可以有利地包含在组合物内,以提供额外的亮肤效果。这些包括维生素B3,维生素B6,维生素C,维生素A或它们的前体和化妆品可接受的衍生物。维生素的混合物也可以用于本发明组合物中。当存在时,这些维生素以所述组合物的0.01至10.0重量%使用。
润肤剂,例如硬脂醇,单蓖麻醇酸甘油酯,貂油,鲸蜡醇,异硬脂酸异丙酯,硬脂酸,棕榈酸异辛酯,硬脂酸异鲸蜡基酯,油醇,月桂酸异丙酯,月桂酸己酯,油酸癸酯,十八烷-2-醇,异鲸蜡醇,二十烷醇,山嵛醇,棕榈酸鲸蜡基酯,硅酮液,例如二甲基聚硅氧烷,有机改性硅酮,例如鲸蜡基聚二甲基硅氧烷,硬脂基聚二甲基硅氧烷;交联硅酮弹性体/树脂;有机改性交联硅酮弹性体/树脂,癸二酸二正丁酯,肉豆蔻酸异丙酯,棕榈酸异丙酯,硬脂酸异丙酯,硬脂酸丁酯,聚乙二醇,三乙二醇,羊毛脂,可可脂,玉米油,棉籽油,橄榄油,棕榈油,菜籽油,红花籽油,月见草油,大豆油,葵花籽油,鳄梨油,芝麻油,椰子油,花生油,蓖麻油,乙酰化羊毛脂醇,矿脂,矿物油,肉豆蔻酸丁酯,异硬脂酸,棕榈酸,亚油酸异丙酯,乳酸月桂酯,乳酸肉豆蔻酯,油酸癸酯,肉豆蔻酸肉豆蔻酯;推进剂,例如丙烷,丁烷,异丁烷,二甲醚,二氧化碳,一氧化二氮;溶剂,例如乙醇,异丙醇,丙酮/乙二醇单乙醚,二乙二醇单丁醚,二乙二醇单乙醚;粉末,例如白垩,滑石,漂白土,高岭土,淀粉,树胶,胶态二氧化硅,聚丙烯酸钠,四烷基和/或三烷基芳基铵绿土,化学改性的硅酸铝镁,有机改性的蒙脱石粘土,水化硅酸铝,热解法二氧化硅,聚羧乙烯(carboxyvinyl polymer),羧甲基纤维素钠,单硬脂酸乙二醇酯;植物提取物,例如来自Rubia、Symplocus、Curcuma属以及各种芳香剂/香料成分的那些,也可以以组合物的0.001至40.0重量%包含在组合物中。润肤剂优选以组合物总重量的约1至约20重量%,优选约2至约15重量%,以及最优选约4至约10重量%的量存在。
防腐剂和抗氧化剂优选以组合物总重量的约0.01至约10%的量存在。优选防腐剂和/或抗氧化剂以在约0.1至约1重量%变化的量存在。
可用来形成O/W、W/O和/或O/W/O制剂的优选乳化剂包括脱水山梨糖醇油酸酯,脱水山梨糖醇倍半油酸酯,脱水山梨糖醇异硬脂酸酯,脱水山梨糖醇三油酸酯,聚甘油基-3-二异硬脂酸酯,油酸/异硬脂酸的聚甘油酯,聚甘油基-6六蓖麻油酸酯,聚甘油基-4-油酸酯,聚甘油基-4油酸酯/ PEG-8丙二醇椰油酸酯,油酰胺DEA,TEA肉豆蔻酸酯,TEA硬脂酸酯,硬脂酸镁,硬脂酸钠,月桂酸钾,蓖麻油酸钾,椰油酸钠,牛脂酸钠,蓖麻油酸钾,油酸钠,硅酮基乳化剂,和它们的混合物。
根据本发明的组合物的油相也可以包含天然植物或动物蜡,例如蜂蜡,中国蜡,熊蜂蜡和其它昆虫的蜡,以及牛油树脂。
根据本发明的制剂的水相可以包含常用化妆品添加剂,例如醇,特别是低级醇,优选乙醇,或异丙醇,低级烷基二醇或多元醇和其醚,优选丙二醇,甘油,乙二醇,乙二醇单乙基或单丁基醚,电解质和特别是一种或多种增稠剂。可以用于本发明制剂中的增稠剂包括如下类:二氧化硅,硅酸镁和/或硅酸铝,多糖和其衍生物,例如透明质酸,黄原胶,羟丙基纤维素,丙烯酸酯共聚物,优选卡波普(carbopol)的聚丙烯酸酯,例如980、981、1382、2984、59S4型卡波普。
增湿剂,例如保湿剂,可以引入到根据本发明的组合物中,以减少皮肤角质层的经表皮失水(TEWL)。合适的保湿剂包括甘油,乳酸,吡咯烷酮碳酸(pyrrolidone carbonic acid),脲,聚乙二醇,聚丙二醇,山梨糖醇,PEG-400及其混合物。另外的合适的补湿剂为水溶性类的聚合物补湿剂,和/或具有水凝胶化多糖的聚合物补湿剂,例如透明质酸,壳聚糖和/或富含岩藻糖的多糖,例如购自SOLABIA S的Fucogel1000 (CAS-Nr.为178463-23-5)。增湿剂任选以组合物总重量的约0.5至约8重量%,优选约1至约5重量%的量存在。
可以包含在本发明的组合物中用以中和例如乳化剂或泡沫形成剂/稳定剂的组分的适合中和剂包括但不限于碱金属氢氧化物,例如氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾,有机碱,例如二乙醇胺(DEA),三乙醇胺(TEA),氨基甲基丙醇,乙二胺四乙酸三钠和它们的混合物;碱性氨基酸,例如精氨酸和赖氨酸,以及任何上述的任何组合。中和剂可以以约0.01至约8重量%,优选1至约5重量%的量存在于本发明的组合物中。在本发明的组合物中添加电解质可以为改变疏水性乳化剂性能所必需。因此,乳剂可以优选包含一种或几种的盐的电解质,所述盐包括例如氯离子、硫酸根、碳酸根、硼酸根或铝酸根的阴离子,但不限于此。其它合适的电解质可以基于有机阴离子,例如但不限于乳酸根,乙酸根,苯甲酸根,丙酸根,酒石酸根和柠檬酸根。作为阳离子,优选的是铵,烷基铵,碱金属或碱土金属,例如钠或镁。特别优选的盐为氯化钾和氯化钠,硫酸镁,硫酸锌和它们的混合物。电解质优选以约0.01至约0.5重量%的量存在于本发明的组合物中。
借助于以下非限定性实施例,现在将详细解释本发明,所述实施例形成本发明各个方面的优选实施方案。
实施例
实施例1
具有茜素(alizarin)部分的紫外可见光吸收的线性硅酮聚合物化合物的合成。
该硅酮化合物以三个步骤合成。
步骤1:合成烯丙基氧基官能的茜素衍生物 (式Vi-O-(CH2)0-50-CH=CH2或Vi-O-(CH2)0-50-C≡CH的化合物,即本发明方法的组分(ii)。)。
步骤2:合成甲基氢聚硅氧烷(MHPS)共聚物(本发明方法的组分(i) 含Si-H的硅氧烷)。
步骤3:氢化硅烷化。
步骤1:合成烯丙基氧基官能的茜素衍生物
2-升的3颈烧瓶配备冷凝器和加料漏斗。将5 g (0.014 mol)茜素和17.7 ml乙醇加入烧瓶中。快速添加乙醇中的21%溶液形式的乙醇钠2.268 g (0.042 mol)。将混合物加热至50-60℃,持续2小时。添加烯丙基溴(3.7 g;0.042 mol),将混合物加热至回流(70-74℃),持续20小时。使混合物恢复至室温,添加50 ml水,随后添加17 ml甲苯和约1 ml的38%盐酸水溶液。分离有机层,用50 ml水洗涤。通过在80℃和2 mm Hg下旋转蒸发从有机层中清除挥发物,得到5 g烯丙基醚中间体。
获得暗褐黄色粘性固体,1H-NMR (CDCl3)峰 (由于茜素分子上存在烯丙基和甲氧基)处于6.05 (m,1H,CH2=CH-CH2-O-),5.32和5.43 (2H,CH2=CH-CH2-O),4.6 (2H,CH=CH2-CH2-O),3.9 (3H, CH3O-)。
步骤2:合成甲基氢聚硅氧烷(MHPS)共聚物
在双颈圆底烧瓶中将50 g八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)与15 g甲基氢聚硅氧烷(Aldrich,MHPS)混合。向混合物中添加1 g的Tulsion催化剂(Thermax,T63MP)。在120℃将反应混合物搅拌4小时。将获得的粘稠MHPS共聚物冷却至室温。滤掉催化剂。在125℃真空下蒸馏出未反应的D4。获得的产品为无色和粘稠油性物质。
表征该无色和粘稠油性物质,FTIR峰,归因于Si-H,2115 cm-1处,Si-CH3,1260 cm-1处,-Si-O-Si,1186 cm-1处;1H-NMR (CDCl3)峰,δ 0.09 (s,SiCH 3),0.17 (s,Si(CH 3)H)和4.68 (s,Si-H)处。
步骤3:氢化硅烷化
将100 ml甲苯加入到氮气气氛下的装有Dean和Stark装置的3颈烧瓶中。通过共沸蒸馏清除甲苯中存在的痕量水。将1.5 g烯丙基氧基官能的茜素类(如以上步骤1中制备的)加入到保持在氮气气氛下,无水的装有回流组合件的3颈烧瓶中。随后添加50 ml干燥甲苯以溶解所有反应物。向反应混合物中添加1滴铂催化剂(1,3-二乙烯基四甲基二硅氧烷,Sigma-Aldrich),在室温下搅拌混合物约0.5小时。添加2 g甲基氢聚硅氧烷(MHPS)共聚物(如以上步骤2中制备的),在约110℃下搅拌反应约2-3小时。通过TLC和FT-IR监测反应进程。获得聚合物形式的产品。用甲醇进一步洗涤该聚合物,以清除未反应的有机物质和铂催化剂。在低于60℃真空下清除剩余的痕量甲苯和甲醇。
实施例1中获得的化合物的500 ppm溶液的体外吸光率显示两个UV最大吸收值,310 nm下的一个具有0.65单位的吸光率值,355 nm下的另一个具有0.80的对应吸光率值并在440 nm下具有0.26单位的对应吸光率值,由此证明存在UV和可见光吸收部分两者。
因此可以轻易看到,如由UVA、UVB和可见光照射中的吸光率表明的,本发明的化合物提供对UV和可见光照射波长两者的防护,并且该化合物显示高光稳定性。
借助于透射率研究量化的光稳定性
将实施例1的组合物施涂到固定在石英板上的穿孔带(3M)上。使用穿孔带作为固定在石英板上的基材进行施涂。施涂的乳膏量为3 mg/cm2。模拟太阳图谱灯(solar atlas lamp)日光灯的强度为5.5 mW/cm2。将石英板干燥并保持在太阳模拟器中。使用照射计测量经由穿孔带/石英上的膜的透射能量。在模拟的太阳日光暴露的时间零点记录350、400、450 nm下的透光度% (%T)。接下来,将聚合物膜分别暴露于模拟的太阳日光下30、60和120分钟。在模拟的太阳日光暴露30、60和120分钟之后记录350、400、450 nm下的%T。由穿孔带/石英获得的透射能量用作对照。
表1中的数据表明本发明的化合物对于UV-Vis光暴露随时间是光稳定的。
实施例1A:MHPS (线性聚合物)和茜素的掺加
将茜素(组合物的10重量%)与甲基氢聚硅氧烷(MHPS)共聚物(如以上步骤2中制备的)混合,获得对比例1A的组合物。通过向聚合物中物理添加茜素获得的聚合物组合物(实施例1A)的外观是不透明的和非均质的,其中当在显微镜下观察时,可以看到茜素颗粒物理分散在凝胶基质中。另一方面,当在显微镜下观察时,实施例1的聚合物(其中茜素以共价键连接至硅酮主链)的外观是透明的和均质的且不能看到颗粒。因此,实施例1A的组合物在聚合物中不提供茜素的均匀分布,由此提供差的紫外可见光防护。
透射率研究
将实施例1和实施例1A的组合物施涂到固定在石英板上的穿孔带(3M)上。使用穿孔带作为固定在石英板上的基材进行施涂。施涂的乳膏量为3 mg/cm2。模拟的太阳图谱灯日光灯的强度为5.5 mW/cm2。将石英板干燥并保持在太阳模拟器中。使用照射计测量经由穿孔带/石英上的膜的透射能量。由穿孔带/石英获得的透射能量用作对照。
表2中的数据表明根据本发明的组合物(实施例1)提供优异的UV-Vis防护,如由低透射率值证明的。
实施例2
具有茜素部分的紫外可见光吸收的硅酮化合物(硅酮弹性体凝胶)的合成。
该硅酮化合物以四个步骤合成。
步骤1:合成烯丙基氧基官能的茜素衍生物 (式Vi-O-(CH2)0-50-CH=CH2或Vi-O-(CH2)0-50-C≡CH的化合物,即本发明方法的组分(ii)。)。
步骤2:合成甲基氢聚硅氧烷(MHPS)共聚物(即本发明方法的组分(i) 含Si-H的硅氧烷)。
步骤3:合成二乙烯基封端的聚硅氧烷共聚物(VTP)间隔基(具有烯基或炔基能够形成交联凝胶的双官能间隔基化合物。
步骤4:氢化硅烷化和溶胀
步骤1:合成烯丙基氧基官能的茜素衍生物
按照实施例1制备该化合物。
步骤2:合成甲基氢聚硅氧烷(MHPS)共聚物
按照实施例1合成该共聚物。
步骤3:合成二乙烯基封端的聚硅氧烷(VTP)共聚物
在50毫升2-颈烧瓶中将20 g八甲基环四硅氧烷(D4)与4 g二乙烯基四甲基二硅氧烷(Aldrich)混合。向混合物中添加0.3 g的Tulsion催化剂(Thermax,T63MP)。在120℃将反应混合物搅拌4小时。将获得的二乙烯基封端的聚硅氧烷共聚物(VTP)共聚物冷却至室温。滤掉催化剂。在125℃真空下蒸馏出未反应的D4。获得的产品为无色-粘性油。其用作间隔基化合物。
表征该无色粘性液体,1H-NMR (CDCl3)峰,δ 0.09 (s,SiCH 3),0.17 (s,Si(CH 3)H),0.8 (m,Si-CH=CH2),5.6-6.2 (s,Si-CH=CH 2)处。
步骤4:氢化硅烷化和溶胀
将100 ml甲苯加入到氮气气氛下的装有Dean和Stark装置的3颈烧瓶中。通过共沸蒸馏清除甲苯中存在的痕量水。将1.5 g烯丙基氧基官能的茜素(如以上步骤1中制备的)和0.21 g二乙烯基封端的聚硅氧烷(VTP) (如以上步骤3中制备的)加入到保持在氮气气氛下,无水的装有回流组合件的3颈烧瓶中。随后添加50 ml干燥甲苯以溶解所有反应物。向反应混合物中添加1滴铂催化剂(1,3-二乙烯基四甲基二硅氧烷,Sigma-Aldrich),在约25℃搅拌混合物约0.5小时。添加2 g甲基氢聚硅氧烷(MHPS)共聚物(如以上步骤2中制备的),在约110℃下搅拌反应约2-3小时。通过TLC和FT-IR监测反应进程。获得凝胶形式的产品。用甲醇进一步洗涤凝胶,以清除未反应的有机物质和铂催化剂。将其在30 g (十甲基环五硅氧烷) D5中进一步溶胀,并且在低于60℃真空下清除剩余的痕量甲苯和甲醇。
实施例2中获得的化合物的500 ppm溶液的体外吸光率显示两个UV最大吸收值,310 nm下的一个具有0.65单位的吸光率值,355 nm下的另一个具有0.80的对应吸光率值并在440 nm下具有0.26单位的对应吸光率值,由此证明存在UV和可见光吸收部分两者。
因此可以轻易看到,如由UVA、UVB和可见光照射波长中的吸光率表明的,本发明的优选化合物(交联弹性体凝胶)提供对UV和可见光照射两者的防护。
实施例2A:商业凝胶和茜素的掺加
将茜素(组合物的10重量%)与Silicone 9040凝胶(Dow Corning?)混合,获得对比例2A的组合物。通过向凝胶中物理添加茜素获得的凝胶组合物(实施例2A)的外观是不透明的和非均质的,其中当在显微镜下观察时,可以看到茜素颗粒物理分散在凝胶基质中。另一方面,当在显微镜下观察时,实施例2的凝胶(其中茜素以共价键连接至硅酮主链)的外观是透明的和均质的并且不能看到颗粒。因此,实施例2A的组合物在聚合物中不提供茜素的均匀分布,由此提供差的紫外可见光防护。
透射率研究
将实施例2和实施例2A的组合物施涂到固定在石英板上的穿孔带(3M)上。使用穿孔带作为固定在石英板上的基材进行施涂。施涂的乳膏量为3 mg/cm2。模拟的太阳图谱灯日光灯的强度为5.5 mW/cm2。将石英板干燥并保持在太阳模拟器中。使用照射计测量经由穿孔带/石英上的膜的透射能量。由穿孔带/石英获得的透射能量用作对照。数据在以下表3中概括。
实施例3:包含本发明的交联弹性体凝胶硅酮化合物的个人护理组合物
使用本发明的硅酮化合物制备个人护理组合物。首先在两个不同相,即(i)油相,(ii)水(水性)相中制备各成分。各个相中的各成分在以下表4中概括。
将实施例1中制备的化合物与乳化剂5225C混合,均化10分钟。添加TiO2,将混合物均化10分钟。在均化下缓慢添加水,直到获得具有可接受的铺展特性的光滑乳膏。
Claims (15)
1.以下通式的硅酮化合物:
其中各R1独立地为包含1-50个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,环烷基,多环烷基,杂环烷基,烷芳基,烷氧基,芳基,芳烷基,烯基,炔基或碳氟化合物基团;
R2为R1或-H、-OH或含有碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的有机部分;
“Vis”为紫外可见光吸收部分,选自羟基蒽醌基团
其能够共价连接至聚合物链;
R3为R1或能够连接至另一个聚合物的含有碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的任选有机部分;
单元A和F为末端部分;
嵌段B、C、D和E为以任何顺序独立地位于A和F之间的非末端部分;
a和c各自独立地为1-10 000的整数;和
b和d各自独立地为0-10 000的整数。
2.如在权利要求1中所要求保护的化合物,其中嵌段E单元经由R3与另一系列的嵌段E单元交联,形成以下通式的网状构造:
。
3.制备如在权利要求1或权利要求2中所要求保护的硅酮化合物的方法,其包括以下步骤:使
(i) 含Si-H的硅氧烷,与
(ii) 下式的化合物
在催化剂和溶剂存在下反应,获得反应产物,其中Vi为紫外可见光吸收部分,选自具有烯基或炔基官能团的羟基蒽醌。
4.如在权利要求3中所要求保护的方法,其中该反应在具有烯基或炔基的双官能间隔基化合物存在下进行。
5.如在权利要求3或4中所要求保护的方法,包括将反应产物加入到溶胀剂中的步骤。
6.如在权利要求4中所要求保护的方法,其中双官能间隔基团为下式
其中Y为含碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的有机部分。
7.如在权利要求6中所要求保护的方法,其中Y选自烃、聚硅氧烷、聚醚、多元羧酸或多糖。
8.如前述权利要求4至7任一项中所要求保护的方法,其中双官能间隔基化合物选自二烯基聚醚,αω二烯,αω二炔;αω烯-炔,或二烯基或二炔基封端的聚硅氧烷。
9.如权利要求3所要求保护的方法,其中含Si-H的硅氧烷为以下通式:
其中a和e为1-10,000的整数。
10.如权利要求3所要求保护的方法,其中步骤(a)在以下通式的单官能有机部分存在下进行
其中z为-R1或-OH或-H;
或
其中Rct为含碳、氮、磷、硫、氧或硅原子的反应性基团。
11.如权利要求3所要求保护的方法,其中溶剂选自水,硅酮液,极性有机化合物,非极性有机化合物和其混合物。
12.如权利要求5所要求保护的方法,其中所述溶胀剂为如权利要求11中所要求保护的除水或醇之外的溶剂。
13.如权利要求12中所要求保护的方法,其中所述溶胀剂为硅酮液或官能硅酮液。
14.光防护性个人护理组合物,其包含0.01至10重量%的如权利要求1或权利要求2中所要求保护的硅酮化合物。
15.如权利要求1或权利要求2中所要求保护的化合物作为遮光试剂的用途。
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EP11176657 | 2011-08-05 | ||
PCT/EP2012/056144 WO2012143242A1 (en) | 2011-04-21 | 2012-04-04 | A silicone compound and photoprotective personal care compositions comprising the same |
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CN111518395B (zh) * | 2020-06-01 | 2022-02-22 | 福州力天纺织有限公司 | 一种改性硅橡胶、硅橡胶纺织品及其应用 |
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CN101472999A (zh) * | 2006-06-19 | 2009-07-01 | 西巴控股有限公司 | 着色的倍半硅氧烷 |
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US5055602A (en) | 1989-05-02 | 1991-10-08 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Polymerizable dye |
SU1712374A1 (ru) * | 1989-06-16 | 1992-02-15 | Чебоксарское производственное объединение "Химпром" | Полиметилсилоксановые бисантрахиноновые красители дл кремнийорганических полимерных материалов |
FR2755134B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-30 | 1998-11-20 | Oreal | Utilisation de composes silicies en teinture des fibres keratiniques humaines, nouveaux composes et compositions les contenant |
US6359024B2 (en) | 1998-05-15 | 2002-03-19 | Bausch & Lomb Incorporated | Method for polymerizing contact lenses |
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JP4019121B2 (ja) * | 2001-07-12 | 2007-12-12 | 独立行政法人産業技術総合研究所 | 含アルコキシケイ素系化合物類の製造における後処理方法およびその化合物類の製造方法。 |
EP2155805A2 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2010-02-24 | Basf Se | Polymeric dyes |
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JPH03198061A (ja) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-08-29 | Konica Corp | 電子写真感光体 |
CN101466775A (zh) * | 2006-06-14 | 2009-06-24 | 德意志戴斯达纺织品及染料两合公司 | 彩色有机聚硅氧烷 |
CN101472999A (zh) * | 2006-06-19 | 2009-07-01 | 西巴控股有限公司 | 着色的倍半硅氧烷 |
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CA2833755A1 (en) | 2012-10-26 |
EA029792B1 (ru) | 2018-05-31 |
EP2699622B1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
US8846010B2 (en) | 2014-09-30 |
JP2014515780A (ja) | 2014-07-03 |
EA201301187A1 (ru) | 2014-03-31 |
CN103476835A (zh) | 2013-12-25 |
BR112013026532A2 (pt) | 2016-12-27 |
JP6059707B2 (ja) | 2017-01-11 |
US20140086856A1 (en) | 2014-03-27 |
EP2699622A1 (en) | 2014-02-26 |
ZA201307835B (en) | 2015-01-28 |
ES2538682T3 (es) | 2015-06-23 |
MX2013012197A (es) | 2014-05-27 |
CA2833755C (en) | 2019-04-30 |
WO2012143242A1 (en) | 2012-10-26 |
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