CN103476569B - 螺杆和用于制造螺杆的方法 - Google Patents

螺杆和用于制造螺杆的方法 Download PDF

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CN103476569B
CN103476569B CN201280013927.8A CN201280013927A CN103476569B CN 103476569 B CN103476569 B CN 103476569B CN 201280013927 A CN201280013927 A CN 201280013927A CN 103476569 B CN103476569 B CN 103476569B
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screw
channel
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passage
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CN103476569A (zh
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G·瓦尔肖尔
L·克贝尔曼
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M.E.E.有限公司
OLABIL VERMOEGENSVERWALTUNGSGESELLSCHAFT MBH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/51Screws with internal flow passages, e.g. for molten material
    • B29C48/515Screws with internal flow passages, e.g. for molten material for auxiliary fluids, e.g. foaming agents
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23PMETAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
    • B23P15/00Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/395Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/36Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
    • B29C48/50Details of extruders
    • B29C48/505Screws
    • B29C48/625Screws characterised by the ratio of the threaded length of the screw to its outside diameter [L/D ratio]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/84Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders by heating or cooling the feeding screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/84Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders by heating or cooling the feeding screws
    • B29C48/845Heating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/80Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders
    • B29C48/84Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling at the plasticising zone, e.g. by heating cylinders by heating or cooling the feeding screws
    • B29C48/85Cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92504Controlled parameter
    • B29C2948/92704Temperature
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2948/00Indexing scheme relating to extrusion moulding
    • B29C2948/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2948/92819Location or phase of control
    • B29C2948/92857Extrusion unit
    • B29C2948/92876Feeding, melting, plasticising or pumping zones, e.g. the melt itself
    • B29C2948/92885Screw or gear
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/46Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it into the mould
    • B29C45/58Details
    • B29C45/60Screws
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29CSHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/72Heating or cooling
    • B29C45/74Heating or cooling of the injection unit
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/00Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
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    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C48/92Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65GTRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种螺杆(1),该螺杆包括绕轴线(a)可转动地设置的基体(2),至少一个螺杆螺纹(3)围绕该基体螺旋状地延伸,其中,在螺杆(1)中设置有至少一个流体通道(4),该流体通道构成为用于导通经调温的流体。为了能实现对要处理的物料的改善的调温,本发明规定,所述流体通道(4)构成为如下通道,该通道被加工到所述至少一个螺杆螺纹(3)中并且随着该螺杆螺纹螺旋状地延伸。此外,本发明涉及一种用于制造这样的螺杆的方法。

Description

螺杆和用于制造螺杆的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种螺杆,该螺杆包括绕轴线可转动地设置的基体,至少一个螺杆螺纹围绕该基体螺旋状地延伸,其中,在所述螺杆中设置有至少一个流体通道,该流体通道构成为用于导通经调温的流体,其中,所述流体通道构成为如下通道,该通道被加工到所述至少一个螺杆螺纹中并且随着该螺杆螺纹螺旋状地延伸。此外,本发明涉及一种用于制造这样的螺杆的方法。
背景技术
同类型的螺杆用以特别是输送、压缩并最终挤出不同类型的物料。例如在塑料处理中考虑这些措施。另一种意义重大的应用情况是物料的热解处理。螺杆在螺杆筒中旋转,其中,在要热解的物料中一方面通过机械功将热能引入到物料中;但另一方面也通过如下方式将热能引入到物料中,即,通过所述的流体通道引导受热的流体、特别是加热的液体。
在已知的内部加热的螺杆中,通过在螺杆基体内、亦即在螺杆芯内或者在螺杆中心内的中央孔进行气态或者液态的调温介质的输入,其中,存在合适的回转接头,以便由静止的供给源给转动的螺杆供给介质。在同样已知的电加热装置中,加热元件处于螺杆的中央孔内。在燃烧器加热时,燃烧器火焰直接被定位在螺杆的中央孔之前或者在螺杆的中央孔内。
同类型的螺杆由DE2057989A1已知。EP0808705A1、US3310836A、DE1751961A1、DE10013474A1、JP53016076和US3738420A示出类似的解决方案。
在已知的解决方案中不利的是,能量引入到要处理的物料中的可 能性是非常有限的。在已知的同类型的螺杆中,调温介质到要处理的物料中的热流仅仅从在螺杆基体中的孔、亦即从螺杆芯或者说从螺杆中心进行;因此仅从螺杆基面并因此仅在螺杆的小的面部分上进行热传递。这样形成的或者能产生的温度梯度阻止到要输送的或者在物理和/或化学方面要改变的物料上的、连续的热传递。
发明内容
这点特别是在如下工序中是不利的,在这些工序中要调温的物料倾向于在螺杆的螺纹侧面上沉积,为此特别是指向热解工序。此外,在存在的解决方案中负面的是,在高温应用中的效率是差的,这又特别是在热解工序中起不利作用。
本发明的任务在于,进一步改进一种开头所述类型的螺杆,使得避免所述的缺点。因此应提供一种如下的螺杆,在该螺杆中能够以比现今更有效的方式将热引入到要处理的物料中。这特别是应使得能够更有效地进行如下热解工序变成可能,在这些热解工序中必须将大的热量通过螺杆引入到要处理的物料中。
该任务通过本发明的解决方案的特征在于,除了所述通道之外构成有至少一个在中央设置的第二通道,其中,所述通道与第二通道在螺杆的两个端部相互流体连接,所述通道和第二通道在螺杆的一个端部在分叉部位处相互分开并且在螺杆的另一端部在汇流部位处重新聚集,从而所述通道和第二通道能够被经调温的流体并行地穿流,在第二通道中设置有至少一个节流阀,以便节流经调温的流体通过第二通道的流量。
在此优选地规定,所述通道沿径向延伸直至螺杆螺纹的如下高度中,该高度为螺杆螺纹的外半径的至少80%、优选至少90%。
所述通道优选在螺杆螺纹的径向外部区域中通过封闭元件、特别是通过封闭金属板关闭。在此,所述封闭元件优选熔焊或者钎焊在螺杆螺纹上。
通过节流阀,如下控制是可能的,即,多少流体应流动通过螺旋 形延伸的第一通道和多少流体应流动通过中央的第二通道。
用于制造这样的螺杆的方法包括如下步骤:
a)制造基体连同一体成型的螺杆螺纹;
b)将通道加工到螺杆螺纹中,其中,所述通道在螺杆螺纹中螺旋形延伸,并且从螺杆螺纹的沿径向位于外部的侧面去除螺杆螺纹的材料;
c)利用封闭元件封闭螺杆螺纹的沿径向位于外部的端部区域。
将通道加工到螺杆螺纹中(按照特征b)优选通过铣削过程进行。在此特别优选地规定,铣刀、优选以其纵轴线沿径向定向的指形铣刀在螺杆旋转时与螺杆螺纹的螺距相应地被沿轴向引导。
在借助于铣刀加工出螺旋形延伸的通道直至所希望的径向深度之后,可以封闭通道的沿径向位于外部的开口,为此例如熔焊上或者钎焊上经辊压的金属板。在钎焊的情况下推荐使用硬焊料,因为螺杆在运行中经受更高的温度。
因此,本发明的建议适合于被有效地内部加热的(必要时也内部冷却的)螺杆、特别是用于输送和挤出物料,其中,通过热传递面的扩大达到热传递(必要时也冷传递)的高的效率。
优选的应用是物料的热解处理、塑料处理和松疏物料输送,其中,因此所建议的螺杆优选用在反应化学设备、塑料处理机器、冷却螺杆输送设备以及干燥设备中。
本发明的构思能实现在螺杆和物料之间的热传递面的显著扩大并由此能实现更有效的热传递。
在附图中示出本发明的实施例。图中:
附图说明
图1示出一个螺杆的一个区段的径向剖视图,该螺杆用于物料的热解处理,
图2示出一个被调温介质穿流的螺杆的侧视图,按照流体引导的第一种可能性,
图3示出一个与图2相应的螺杆的侧视图,按照流体引导的第二种可能性,和
图4示出一个与图2相应的螺杆的侧视图,按照流体引导的第三种可能性。
具体实施方式
在图1中可看出一个螺杆1的一部分(亦即基本上靠近螺杆一个轴向端部的区域),该螺杆具有一个螺杆基体2,在该螺杆基体上一体成型有一个螺杆螺纹3,该螺杆螺纹以已知的方式螺旋状地环绕基体2。在此,螺杆螺纹3沿轴向方向a环绕基体2。
所示的是一个单线螺杆;按照本发明的构思自然也能完全一样地在多线螺杆中使用。
经调温的(受热的)流体(当前考虑受热的液体)由螺杆1的一个端部8沿螺杆1的流体输入方向Z被输入,亦即被输入到一个第二通道6中。第二通道6通过三个连接孔10与一个通道4流体连接。
通道4被加工到螺杆螺纹3中。在此建议,一个带有横截面形状Q的通道(如在图1中可看出)被铣出到螺杆螺纹3中,其中,通道4以与螺杆螺纹3相等的螺距在该螺杆螺纹中延伸。因此,螺杆螺纹3沿着其螺旋形的走向到处都具有通道4。要说明的是,自然绝不强制的是,所述通道4在螺杆1或者螺杆螺纹3的整个轴向长度上延伸;也可以设有螺杆螺纹3的没有通道4的区段。
横截面形状Q自然能够匹配实际的需要。特别是如下的形状可以是有利的,该形状沿径向向内加宽,以便需要时相对于螺纹面11具有恒定的壁厚。在这种情况下,通道4的加工自然是更耗费的。
在螺杆螺纹3的径向外部区域中,通道4通过一个封闭元件5封闭。在此可以是一个经辊压的金属板,该金属板从外部铺设到(铣出的)螺杆螺纹3上并且然后在该螺杆螺纹上被熔焊住或者钎焊住。也可能的是,将一个管套装到螺杆1上,该管在螺杆螺纹3的径向外部 端部的区域中被熔焊住;管的不需要的部分然后可以被去除(切除)。
如可看出的,通道4在螺杆螺纹3中沿径向向内延伸直至深度t。此外引入高度h,通道4沿径向向外延伸直至该高度。对于深度t已证明如下的值,该值等于螺杆螺纹3的外半径R的10%至30%之间。然而对于高度h优选设置如下的值,该值为螺杆螺纹3的外半径R的至少80%;在本实施例中,高度h处于外半径R的约93%。
在经调温的流体通过第二通道6沿流体输入方向Z已被输入之后,因此该流体通过各连接孔10到达在螺杆螺纹3中螺旋形环绕的通道4中并且因此能够有效地给螺杆螺纹3的螺纹面11调温、亦即当前加热。
该基本原理在图2中又一次示意性地示出。经调温的流体在螺杆1的端部8沿流体输入方向Z通过螺杆1的一个回转接头12并且特别是一短段第二通道6在中央被输入。按照如图1中所示的方式,经调温的流体然后到达通道4中,以便在螺杆螺纹3中螺旋形地流动。经调温的流体现在在螺杆螺纹3的螺纹面11上已经将热放出给由螺杆1输送的物料,该流体在螺杆1的端部7以相似的方式又离开螺杆,其中,又设有一短段第二通道6和一个回转接头13。流体沿流体输出方向A流出。
在按照图3的解决方案中设有另一种流体引导。经调温的流体也在螺杆的端部8沿流体输入方向Z通过一个回转接头12到达螺杆1中。流体通过一短段第二通道6(如图1所示)达到螺旋形延伸的通道4中,以便沿螺杆的轴向方向a螺旋形地环绕并且在螺杆螺纹3的螺纹面11上放出热。在螺杆1的端部7,螺旋形延伸的通道4过渡到一个第二通道6中,该第二通道在中央穿过整个螺杆1延伸,如由图3所得知的。流体现在在通道6中沿反方向朝螺杆1的端部8回流并且通过回转接头12沿流体输出方向A离开该螺杆。因此,按照本发明的该实施形式,中央的第二通道6如在现有技术中用来将热由经调温的流体传递到要输送的物料上。
另一种备选的流体引导在图4中示出。这里,流体在螺杆的端部 8沿流体输入方向Z到达螺杆中。设置在中央的第二通道6在分岔部位14处分叉并且一方面在螺杆1的内部中在中央地继续前进;此外,螺旋形延伸的通道4按照在图1中所示的方式在分岔部位14处开始。在螺杆1的端部7,螺旋形延伸的通道4和中央的第二通道6在汇流部位15处重新聚集;流体由这里开始沿流体输出方向A通过中央的第二通道6离开螺杆1。
为了一方面在中央的第二通道6中的流体流和在螺旋形延伸的通道4中的流体流的比例等于所希望的值,一个可调整的节流阀9设置在第二通道6中。通过调整节流横截面积可以限定,经调温的流体的哪些体积流通过通道4流动和哪些体积流通过第二通道6流动。
通过在螺杆中央通道中使用(可调整的)流动节流阀9可以调整在螺杆中央通道6和螺旋形的通道4之间的流动比例,使得在螺杆芯或者螺杆基体的热传递面和螺杆螺纹11的热传递面之间存在数学比例。也可在工艺流程上想到其他的流动比例,例如在使用整个装置的外部加热时。
因此,构成为输送螺杆、挤出螺杆或者压缩螺杆的螺杆1在结构上这样构造,使得中央孔的一段(第二通道6)用作加热或者冷却介质的流入或者流出。
螺杆螺纹这样构造,使得与工艺流程上所必需的螺杆螺距和螺旋厚度相应地加工出向外封闭的空腔(通道4),该空腔在需要时与中央孔(第二通道6)连接。
因此,与已知的解决方案相比显著地扩大供热传递使用的传递面并且相应地改善用于热传递的可能性。有利的是,用于处理物料的非常宽的温度应用范围变得可能。
这点特别是使得能够利用所建议的螺杆改善地进行热解过程,在这些过程中在要处理的物料中需要非常高的温度,该温度能够通过经调温的、通过螺杆输送的热流体来产生。因此,利用所建议的构思,能够将经调温的流体的高的能量流导入到要处理的物料中。
螺杆1的所建议的构造对于输送热油、盐溶液作为液态的吸附性 物质或者类似的液体已经被证明为特别有利的;这一点也对于输送气态的介质有效。在此能够以高的效率实现直至超过500℃的温度,其中,在整个构件表面上的非常均匀的热分布是可能的。这点又特别对在热解设备中的螺杆是有利的。
所建议的螺杆自然可以用在任意的设备中、不仅在单螺杆设备中而且在多螺杆设备中。
螺杆旋转引起热载体在螺杆螺纹中的非常良好的可动性。由此,所提出的构思适合于最为多样化的流体的调温介质,而不出现停滞现象。因此在通道4的结构性构造中多种变型是可能的。
对于热解应用重要的是,要处理的物料至少暂时地保持在氧气隔绝下。利用所提出的解决方案无问题地满足该要求。
附图标记列表 
1  螺杆
2  基体
3  螺杆螺纹
4  流体通道
5  封闭元件
6  第二通道
7  螺杆的端部 
8  螺杆的端部 
9  节流阀
10 连接孔
11 螺纹面
12 回转接头
13 回转接头
14 分岔部位
15 汇流部位
a  轴向方向/轴线
r  径向方向
h  高度
t  深度
R  外半径
Z  流体输入方向 
A  流体输出方向 
Q  横截面形状 

Claims (4)

1.螺杆(1),该螺杆包括绕轴线(a)可转动地设置的基体(2),至少一个螺杆螺纹(3)围绕该基体螺旋状地延伸,其中,在所述螺杆(1)中设置有至少一个流体通道(4),该流体通道构成为用于导通经调温的流体,其中,所述流体通道(4)构成为如下通道,该通道被加工到所述至少一个螺杆螺纹(3)中并且随着该螺杆螺纹螺旋状地延伸,
其特征在于,
除了所述流体通道(4)之外构成有至少一个在中央设置的第二通道(6),其中,所述流体通道(4)与第二通道(6)在螺杆(1)的两个端部(7、8)相互流体连接,所述流体通道(4)和第二通道(6)在螺杆(1)的一个端部(8)在分叉部位(14)处相互分开并且在螺杆(1)的另一端部(7)在汇流部位(15)处重新聚集,从而所述流体通道(4)和第二通道(6)能够被经调温的流体并行地穿流,在第二通道(6)中设置有至少一个节流阀(9),以便节流经调温的流体通过第二通道(6)的流量。
2.按照权利要求1所述的螺杆,其特征在于,所述流体通道(4)沿径向(r)延伸直至螺杆螺纹(3)的如下高度(h)中,该高度为螺杆螺纹(3)的外半径(R)的至少80%。
3.按照权利要求1或2所述的螺杆,其特征在于,所述流体通道(4)在螺杆螺纹(3)的径向外部区域中通过封闭元件(5)关闭。
4.按照权利要求3所述的螺杆,其特征在于,所述封闭元件(5)熔焊或者钎焊在螺杆螺纹(3)上。
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