CN103460944B - Prunus maritima marshall hard branch cutting propagation method - Google Patents
Prunus maritima marshall hard branch cutting propagation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103460944B CN103460944B CN201310429140.6A CN201310429140A CN103460944B CN 103460944 B CN103460944 B CN 103460944B CN 201310429140 A CN201310429140 A CN 201310429140A CN 103460944 B CN103460944 B CN 103460944B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a prunus maritima marshall hard branch cutting propagation method, which is carried out according to the following six steps that (1) a cutting seedbed is prepared; (2) root growth promoting agents are prepared; (3) cutting branches are prepared; (4) cutting is carried out; (5) post-cutting management is implemented; (6) domestication is carried out. When being adopted, the method disclosed by the invention avoids the problems of easy germ contamination decay, water loss wilting, low survival rate and the like of cutting slip callus caused by summer cutting, in addition, the damage to parent bodies of the prunus maritima marshall and the potential contamination risk in the cutting process are reduced, the cost is low, the management is simple, and the popularization is easy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant asexual multiplication technology field, be specifically related to a kind of shore plum cuttage propagation method.
Background technology
Shore plum (Prunus maritima Marshall) is subordinate to rose family Prunus, is a kind of salt tolerant fruit tree, originates in Northeastern United States North Atlantic Ocean bank.Characteristic drought-resistant, Salt And Alkali Tolerance that shore plum has, can adapt to the mal-condition at beach, has very important effect by the sea in the restoration of the ecosystem of beach and water and soil conservation; And its fruit sweet and sour taste is spent manyly and attractive in appearance, there is higher economy and landscape value.Current shore plum succeeds in introducing a fine variety and cultivating of China.Cuttage technique is because its cost is low, the easy important channel that becomes shore plum propagation in scale of technology.Wherein, shore plum epicormic branch cuttage and root are slotting is the more vegetative propagation technique of report.But the time of epicormic branch cuttage be confined to the five annual Junes, this period temperature is higher, have a humid climate easily cause that the microbiological contamination of spray callus is rotted, dehydration wilting, survival rate be low; And root insert technology to get root difficulty large, and can cause shore plum elite stand root damage, then affect its healthy growth.The bactericidal agents such as the carbendazim using in cuttage process in addition, easily cause potential threat to human body, environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of shore plum cuttage propagation method, the problem such as the easy microbiological contamination of callus is rotted to expect to solve, dehydration wilting, survival rate are low.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of shore plum cuttage propagation method, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) prepare cuttage seedbed: seedbed is located in green house, the thick clean stone for building of 10cm is laid in seedbed bottom, and it is yellow sand and the vermiculite of 2: 1 that top re-lays volume ratio, and its width is 20～25cm, length is 6m, then with the pyroligneous liquor that concentration is 1～5% sterilizing that carries out disinfection;
(2) preparation rooting promoter: will add 0.01～0.05% pyroligneous liquor in the indolebutyric acid solution of 750～1000ppm;
(3) prepare cuttage branch: select robust growth, annotinous branch without damage by disease and insect in the last ten-days period in February, acquisition length is 25～35cm approximately, being placed on cool place with wet newspaper parcel locates, cut off branch top end, branch bottom is cut into the long cuttings of 10～15cm, cuttings lower end is cut into horse-hof shape otch, upper end is cut into flat mouth, and retain 3 full buds, the cuttings of having pruned is soaked to 10～15s in 1～5% pyroligneous liquor, soak with pyroligneous liquor concentration and sterilizing pyroligneous liquor relative concentration and answer, then in rooting promoter, soak 3～4min;
(4) cuttage: the cuttings of processing through rooting promoter enters seedbed with 45 ° of oblique cuttings, the degree of depth is cutting length 3/4, and spacing in the rows is 10cm, and a line cuttings is inserted in each seedbed, has inserted afterwards by the real cuttings of hand matrix around, and waters permeable;
(5) insert after management: on seedbed, build the shed that plastic foil covers, and cover shed with sunshade net, every day, early, middle and late respectively watering once, made soil humidity remain on 35～45%; Spray the pyroligneous liquor of a time 1～5% every 5d, spray by pyroligneous liquor concentration also corresponding with sterilizing pyroligneous liquor concentration; After inserting, 7d is shown in astigmatism, removes sunshade net after 20d; After inserting, 15d left and right cuttings can be bloomed successively, should with scissors, flower shears be fallen in time;
(6) hardening: get final product hardening, transplanting for after cuttage 70 days.
Described pyroligneous liquor is obtained by plant corpus (comprising root, stem, leaf, shell etc.) heating pyrolyze, and its concentration is volumn concentration.
Novelty of the present invention shows following aspect: 1. select hard stem cutting fringe, and cutting time be selected in the last ten-days period in February 2. suitable seedbed width 3. select the 4. streamlining management of new disinfectant and rooting promoter.The present invention effectively reduces callus microbiological contamination rate, and rooting rate is reached more than 90%, and with low cost, management is simple.
Embodiment
Now, in conjunction with embodiments of the invention and correlation test, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of shore plum cuttage propagation method, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) prepare cuttage seedbed: seedbed is located in green house, the thick clean stone for building of 10cm is laid in seedbed bottom, and it is yellow sand and the vermiculite of 2: 1 that top re-lays volume ratio, and its width is 25cm, length is 6m, then with the pyroligneous liquor that concentration the is 1v% sterilizing that carries out disinfection;
(2) preparation rooting promoter: will add the pyroligneous liquor of 0.01v% in the indolebutyric acid solution of 750ppm;
(3) prepare cuttage branch: select robust growth, annotinous branch without damage by disease and insect in the last ten-days period in February, acquisition length is 25～35cm approximately, being placed on cool place with wet newspaper parcel locates, cut off branch top end, branch bottom is cut into the long cuttings of 10～15cm, cuttings lower end is cut into horse-hof shape otch, upper end is cut into flat mouth, and retain 3 full buds, and the cuttings of having pruned is soaked to 10s in the pyroligneous liquor of 1v%, then in rooting promoter, soak 3min;
(4) cuttage: the cuttings of processing through rooting promoter enters seedbed with 45 ° of oblique cuttings, the degree of depth is cutting length 3/4, and spacing in the rows is 10cm, and a line cuttings is inserted in each seedbed, has inserted afterwards by the real cuttings of hand matrix around, and waters permeable;
(5) insert after management: on seedbed, build the shed that plastic foil covers, and cover shed with sunshade net, every day, early, middle and late respectively watering once, made soil humidity remain on 35～45%; Spray the pyroligneous liquor of a 1v% every 5d; After inserting, 7d is shown in astigmatism, removes sunshade net after 20d; After inserting, 15d left and right cuttings can be bloomed successively, should with scissors, flower shears be fallen in time;
(6) hardening: get final product hardening, transplanting for after cuttage 70 days.
Result of implementation shows, adopts the method cuttage seeding average survival to reach 91.3%, well developed root system, and branch is flouring, and condition faster can conform after transplanting.
Embodiment 2
A kind of shore plum cuttage propagation method, carry out according to the following steps:
(1) prepare cuttage seedbed: seedbed is located in green house, the thick clean stone for building of 10cm is laid in seedbed bottom, and it is yellow sand and the vermiculite of 2: 1 that top re-lays volume ratio, and its width is 25cm, length is 6m, then with the pyroligneous liquor that concentration the is 5v% sterilizing that carries out disinfection;
(2) preparation rooting promoter: will add the pyroligneous liquor of 0.05v% in the indolebutyric acid solution of 1000ppm;
(3) prepare cuttage branch: select robust growth, annotinous branch without damage by disease and insect in the last ten-days period in February, acquisition length is 25～35cm approximately, being placed on cool place with wet newspaper parcel locates, cut off branch top end, branch bottom is cut into the long cuttings of 10～15cm, cuttings lower end is cut into horse-hof shape otch, upper end is cut into flat mouth, and retain 3 full buds, and the cuttings of having pruned is soaked to 15s in the pyroligneous liquor of 5v%, then in rooting promoter, soak 4min;
(4) cuttage: the cuttings of processing through rooting promoter enters seedbed with 45 ° of oblique cuttings, the degree of depth is cutting length 3/4, and spacing in the rows is 10cm, and a line cuttings is inserted in each seedbed, has inserted afterwards by the real cuttings of hand matrix around, and waters permeable;
(5) insert after management: on seedbed, build the shed that plastic foil covers, and cover shed with sunshade net, every day, early, middle and late respectively watering once, made soil humidity remain on 35～45%; Spray the pyroligneous liquor of a 5v% every 5d; After inserting, 7d is shown in astigmatism, removes sunshade net after 20d; After inserting, 15d left and right cuttings can be bloomed successively, should with scissors, flower shears be fallen in time;
(6) hardening: get final product hardening, transplanting for after cuttage 70 days.
Result of implementation shows, adopts the method cuttage seeding average survival to reach 93.6%, well developed root system, and branch is flouring, and condition faster can conform after transplanting.
Below in conjunction with test 1-2, the invention will be further described.
Test 1 impact of seedbed width on cuttings survival rate
Process of the test: seedbed is located in green house, the thick clean stone for building of 10cm is laid in bottom, seedbed, it is yellow sand and the vermiculite of 2: 1 that top re-lays volume ratio, establish respectively four kinds of width 10cm, 15cm, 25cm, 35cm, length is all 6m, then with the pyroligneous liquor that concentration is 4% sterilizing that carries out disinfection; Select robust growth, annotinous branch without damage by disease and insect in the last ten-days period in February, the about 25cm of acquisition length, is placed on shady and cool place with wet newspaper parcel.Cut off branch top end, branch bottom is cut into the long cuttings of 15cm, cuttings lower end is cut into horse-hof shape otch, and upper end is cut into flat mouth, and retains 3 full buds.The cuttings of having pruned is soaked to 12s in 4% pyroligneous liquor, in the rooting promoter that then adds 0.02% pyroligneous liquor to be made into, soak 3min in the indolebutyric acid solution by 900ppm; Then cuttings is entered to seedbed with 45 ° of oblique cuttings, the degree of depth is cutting length 3/4, and spacing in the rows is 10cm, and a line cuttings is inserted in each seedbed.Insert afterwards by the real cuttings of hand matrix around, and watered permeable; And on seedbed, build the shed that plastic foil covers, and cover shed with sunshade net, every day, early, middle and late respectively watering once, made soil humidity remain on 35～45%; Spray the pyroligneous liquor of a time 4% every 5d; After inserting, 7d is shown in astigmatism, removes sunshade net after 20d; After inserting, 15d left and right cuttings can be bloomed successively, should with scissors, flower shears be fallen in time; After cuttage, 70 days statistics cuttings survival rates, then carry out hardening, transplanting the cuttings surviving, and after one week, statistics is transplanted rear survival rate, in table 1.
The impact of table 1 seedbed width survival rate on cuttings survival rate with after transplanting
Result of implementation shows, adopts the seedbed of these four kinds of width to carry out after cuttage, and all the highest (in table 1) of survival rate after the cuttings survival rate in the time that seedbed width is 25cm and transplanting is difficult for dehydration and wilts, and grows vigorous.
Test 2 pyroligneous liquor and disinfect the impact on cuttings survival rate
Process of the test: seedbed is located in green house, the thick clean stone for building of 10cm is laid in seedbed bottom, and it is yellow sand and the vermiculite of 2: 1 that top re-lays volume ratio, and width is 25cm, and length is 6m, establishes altogether 12, seedbed.Then respectively with the pyroligneous liquor that volumetric concentration is 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 2% sterilizing that carries out disinfection, every kind of concentration pyroligneous liquor is processed three seedbeds.Select robust growth, annotinous branch without damage by disease and insect in the last ten-days period in February, the about 25cm of acquisition length, is placed on shady and cool place with wet newspaper parcel.Cut off branch top end, branch bottom is cut into the long cuttings of 15cm, cuttings lower end is cut into horse-hof shape otch, and upper end is cut into flat mouth, and retains 3 full buds.Be to soak 10s in 0.01%, 0.1%, 0.5%, 2% pyroligneous liquor by concentration respectively by the cuttings of having pruned, in the rooting promoter that then adds 0.02% pyroligneous liquor to be made into, soak 3min in the indolebutyric acid solution by 1000ppm; The cuttings of then variable concentrations pyroligneous liquor being soaked enters the seedbed (as: cuttings that 0.01% pyroligneous liquor soaked is just inserted the seedbed of 0.01% pyroligneous liquor sterilizing) with the sterilizing of respective concentration pyroligneous liquor with 45 ° of oblique cuttings, the degree of depth is 3/4 of cutting length, spacing in the rows is 10cm, and a line cuttings is inserted in each seedbed.Insert afterwards by the real cuttings of hand matrix around, and watered permeable; And on seedbed, build the shed that plastic foil covers, and cover shed with sunshade net, every day, early, middle and late respectively watering once, made soil humidity remain on 35～45%; Spray once and soak with pyroligneous liquor concentration corresponding pyroligneous liquor mutually every 5d; After inserting, 7d is shown in astigmatism, removes sunshade net after 20d; After inserting, 15d left and right cuttings can be bloomed successively, should with scissors, flower shears be fallen in time; After cuttage, 70 days statistics cuttings survival rates, then carry out hardening, transplanting the cuttings surviving, and after one week, statistics is transplanted rear survival rate, in table 2.
Table 2 pyroligneous liquor is disinfected the impact of the survival rate on cuttings survival rate with after transplanting
Result of implementation shows, the pyroligneous liquor that adopts these four kinds of concentration to seedbed and cuttings disinfection after, the pyroligneous liquor cuttings callus after treatment bacteria infection rate of 2v% is very low, not perishable, and after survival rate and transplanting, survival rate is all peak (in table 2) in four kinds of processing.
In the present invention, the concentration of seedbed width, pyroligneous liquor has remarkable impact to cuttings survival rate and the rear survival rate rate of transplanting, and the concentration of pyroligneous liquor and difference in processing time, rooting promoter also have impact to survival rate rate after cuttings survival rate and transplanting.
Claims (2)
1. a shore plum cuttage propagation method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) prepare cuttage seedbed: seedbed is located in green house, the thick clean stone for building of 10cm is laid in seedbed bottom, and it is yellow sand and the vermiculite of 2: 1 that top re-lays volume ratio, and its width is 20～25cm, length is 6m, then with the pyroligneous liquor that volumetric concentration is 1～5% sterilizing that carries out disinfection;
(2) preparation rooting promoter: be 0.01～0.05% pyroligneous liquor by adding volumetric concentration in the indolebutyric acid solution of 750～1000ppm;
(3) prepare cuttage branch: select robust growth, annotinous branch without damage by disease and insect in the last ten-days period in February, acquisition length 25～35cm, being placed on cool place with wet newspaper parcel locates, cut off branch top end, branch bottom is cut into the long cuttings of 10～15 cm, cuttings lower end is cut into horse-hof shape otch, upper end is cut into flat mouth, and retain 3 full buds, and in the pyroligneous liquor that is 1～5% in volumetric concentration by the cuttings of having pruned, soak 10～15s, then in rooting promoter, soak 3～4min;
(4) cuttage: the cuttings of processing through rooting promoter enters seedbed with 45 ° of oblique cuttings, the degree of depth is cutting length 3/4, and spacing in the rows is 10cm, and a line cuttings is inserted in each seedbed, has inserted rear compacting cuttings matrix around, and has watered permeable;
(5) insert rear management: on seedbed, build the shed that plastic foil covers, and cover shed with sunshade net, every day early, middle and late respectively watering once, make soil humidity remain on 35～45%, the pyroligneous liquor that is 1～5% every volumetric concentration of 5d sprinkling, after inserting, 7d is shown in astigmatism, removes sunshade net after 20d, when after inserting, 15d cuttings is bloomed successively, needs with scissors, flower shears to be fallen in time;
(6) hardening: get final product hardening, transplanting for after cuttage 70 days.
2. shore according to claim 1 plum cuttage propagation method, is characterized in that, the pyroligneous liquor described in step (1), (2), (3), (5) obtains after by plant corpus heating pyrolyze.
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Families Citing this family (7)
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| CN103718908B (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-03-04 | 金陵科技学院 | Method for cultivating seedlings of prunus maritime root suckers |
| CN103814732A (en) * | 2014-03-03 | 2014-05-28 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Blueberry cutting propagation method |
| CN104082020A (en) * | 2014-07-22 | 2014-10-08 | 江苏绿苑园林建设有限公司 | Bridal wreath stiff wood cutting seedling culture method |
| CN104160935A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-11-26 | 江苏农林职业技术学院 | Method for raising seedlings of red alder through hard wood cutting |
| CN107493872A (en) * | 2017-08-22 | 2017-12-22 | 北京农学院 | A kind of thunberg lespedeza cuttage propagation method |
| CN107646465A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-02-02 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of method that epicormic branch cuttage plum blossom takes root |
| CN110574558A (en) * | 2019-10-12 | 2019-12-17 | 张宏亮 | Beach plum cultivation method |
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