CN103449928B - Culture medium using waste loquat branches as matrix as well as preparation and cultivation method of culture medium - Google Patents
Culture medium using waste loquat branches as matrix as well as preparation and cultivation method of culture medium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN103449928B CN103449928B CN201310401618.4A CN201310401618A CN103449928B CN 103449928 B CN103449928 B CN 103449928B CN 201310401618 A CN201310401618 A CN 201310401618A CN 103449928 B CN103449928 B CN 103449928B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- substratum
- matrix
- discarded
- loquat
- bacterium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of agricultural microbiology, and specifically relates to a culture medium using waste loquat branches as matrix as well as a preparation and a cultivation method of the culture medium, aiming at solving the technical problem that existing edible fungus is short of cultivation resources, and an existing method for producing the edible fungus by the loquat branches is complex to operate and high in cost. The culture medium comprises the following materials in ratio: 38%-68% of loquat branches, 0%-20% of corncobs, 10%-20% of distilled grains, 3%-8% of oil cakes, 8%-15% of wheat bran, 0.5%-1% of ammonium sulfate, 0.5%-1% of sucrose, 1% of quick lime, 1% of plaster and 1% of zymocyte. According to the invention, the waste loquat branches are fermented and treated for cultivating hericium erinaceus and ganoderma lucidum, so that the operation method is simple and easy to implement and the production cost can be lowered, and therefore, a new resource is provided for edible fungus cultivation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of agricultural microorganism, be specifically related to substratum using discarded loquat branch as matrix and preparation thereof and cultivating method.
Technical background
The rotten edible fungus culturing of Traditional Wood with deciduous tree resource for Main Cultivation matrix, but China's forest coverage is low, useful rule resource accumulation is on the low side, existing useful rule maldistribution of the resources weighing apparatus, broad-leaf forest resource is few and stand quality is not high, and available excellent mushroom wood species ratio is on the low side.Along with the production-scale continuous expansion of edible fungus in bags industry, cause limited mushroom wood resource luxus consumption, mushroom woods contradiction, in many edible mushrooms tradition producing regions useful rule resource in negative growth state, even presents the trend that broad-leaf forest resource is day by day exhausted.In addition, some area due to deforest and reclamation build up fields, deforestation does construction, build economic forest, over-exploitation etc. result also in mushroom wood seriously the disappearing of resource, 18% of whole nation area of woods is opening, and these all become the important factor that restriction mushroom industry develops in a healthy way.In addition the rising steadily of edible fungus culturing raw material in recent years, cotton seed hulls increases to present 2600 yuan/ton by 800 yuan/ton before 3 years, corn cob by before 3 years 400 yuan/ton increase to present 880 yuan/ton, the extreme of raw materials for production goes up and causes increasing substantially of Edible Fungi cost, the profit margin of continuous compression mushroom agriculture, edible mushrooms being gone into operation than constantly reducing, limiting the development of mushroom industry to a certain extent.Therefore, seek edible fungus culturing new resources, guarantee mushroom industry Sustainable development, extremely urgent.
Conventional art adopts to be pulverized by loquat branch, produce edible mushrooms after pack sterilising treatment, and time-consuming owing to pulverizing loquat branch and pack (charging is few), sterilizing also needs special sterilizing device, front-end investment is large, need in sterilization process to consume coal or electricity, make production cost high, also contaminate environment.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is that there is lack of raw materials for existing edible fungus culturing, and existing loquat branch produces the method complicated operation of edible mushrooms, cost is higher.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is to provide a kind of using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of cultivating Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and Ganderma lucidum matrix.
Provided by the invention using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of cultivating Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and Ganderma lucidum matrix, its proportioning raw materials is: loquat branch 38% ~ 68%, corn cob 0% ~ 20%, vinasse 10 ~ 20%, oil cake 3 ~ 8%, wheat bran 8 ~ 15%, ammonium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1%, sucrose 0.5% ~ 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, zymophyte 1%.
Preferably, using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of matrix, its proportioning raw materials is: loquat branch 48%, corn cob 15%, vinasse 15%, oil cake 5%, wheat bran 12%, ammonium sulfate 1%, sucrose 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, zymophyte 1%.
Wherein, above-mentioned using discarded loquat branch as in the substratum of matrix, described zymophyte is the one in Chinese medicine yeast, wide bacterium king starter, EM microbial inoculum; Described zymophyte is preferably Chinese medicine yeast.
Present invention also offers above-mentioned using discarded loquat branch as the compound method of the substratum of matrix, comprise the following steps:
A, by dry, be crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, mixed according to proportioning by raw material, fermentation obtains substratum.
Wherein, above-mentioned using discarded loquat branch as in the compound method of substratum of cultivating Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and Ganderma lucidum matrix, the drying described in step a, nothing are gone mouldy, and by intact, not being dried to water content by the loquat branch that competitive miscellaneous bacteria infects is 15 ~ 30%.
Wherein, in aforesaid method, the concrete operations of fermenting described in step b are: mixing raw material water transfer to water content is 60 ~ 65%, pile bottom width 1.0 ~ 1.5m, high by 0.8 ~ 1.2, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, ferment with rice straw mulching, when material in temperature reach more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 36 ~ 48 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 36 ~ 48 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 36 ~ 48 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains culture material.
The substratum that present invention also offers using discarded loquat branch as matrix cultivates the method for Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and Ganderma lucidum, comprises the following steps:
C, inoculation: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained incubator; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality;
D, a bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60 ~ 70%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, sending out the bacterium time is 25 ~ 30 days;
E, fruiting: after Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. mycelia covers with culture material, remove cotton, give scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity 28 ~ 32%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
Wherein, described bubble chamber, will arrange according to the spacing of high 10cm, wide 10cm the circular hole that diameter is 2cm, then each circular hole cotton beyond the Great Wall two of bubble chamber long.
The present invention utilizes discarded loquat branch fermentative processing to cultivate Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and Ganderma lucidum; working method is simple and easy to do; send out bacterium fast; space availability ratio is high; transformation efficiency is suitable with conventional art; production cost 20 ~ 30% can be reduced; partially or completely can substitute the cultivation that cotton seed hulls and weed tree sawdust carry out Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and Ganderma lucidum; achieve the recycle of waste; extend loquat industrial chain, increase the income of orchard worker, available protecting ecotope; expand edible fungus culturing new raw material and novel method, guarantee mushroom industry Sustainable development.
Embodiment
Using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of matrix, its proportioning raw materials is: loquat branch 38% ~ 68%, corn cob 0% ~ 20%, vinasse 10 ~ 20%, oil cake 3 ~ 8%, wheat bran 8 ~ 15%, ammonium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1%, sucrose 0.5% ~ 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, zymophyte 1%.
Preferably, using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of matrix, its proportioning raw materials is: loquat branch 48%, corn cob 15%, vinasse 15%, oil cake 5%, wheat bran 12%, ammonium sulfate 1%, sucrose 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, zymophyte 1%.
Wherein, the above-mentioned substratum using discarded loquat branch as matrix, described oil cake is the waste material after the oil expressions such as rape, peanut, soybean.
Wherein, the above-mentioned substratum using discarded loquat branch as matrix, described vinasse are that waste material remaining after drinking baked by beer and white wine.
Above-mentioned using discarded loquat branch as the compound method of the substratum of matrix, comprise the following steps:
A, be 15 ~ 30% by being dried to water content, being crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, raw material to be mixed according to proportioning, water transfer to water content is 60 ~ 65%, fermentation: mixture piles bottom width 1.0 ~ 1.5m, high 0.8 ~ 1.2m, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, aerobic fermentation is carried out with rice straw mulching, when in material, temperature reaches more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 36 ~ 48 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 36 ~ 48 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 36 ~ 48 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains substratum.
In step b, the too low or too high mycelia of water content all grows bad, and high-moisture culture material is easily contaminated.Easily heat up high for raw material hybrid reactor, but pile too wide and be too highly unfavorable for that beneficial microorganism is bred and turning.During turning, upper fabric down turns over, and lower fabric up turns over, and the inside material is toward turning up, and outer facing material, toward turning in, could allow material fully ferment evenly like this, be conducive to mycelial growth.Culture material humidity, turning number of times, turning method all can have an impact to ferment effect.
Because culture material treatment capacity is large, the present invention adopts fermentation process process substratum for traditional sterilising method, simple to operate, not sterilizing device and fuel, and production cost is low, and send out bacterium fast, biological transformation ratio is suitable.
The substratum that present invention also offers using discarded loquat branch as matrix cultivates the method for Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and Ganderma lucidum, comprises the following steps:
C, inoculation: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained incubator; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality;
D, a bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60 ~ 70%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, sending out the bacterium time is 25 ~ 30 days;
E, fruiting: after hericium mycelium covers with culture material, remove cotton, give scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity 28 ~ 32%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
The present invention's employing is inoculated Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and Ganderma lucidum, is sent out bacterium and fruiting in bubble chamber.
Wherein, described bubble chamber, will arrange according to the spacing of high 10cm, wide 10cm the circular hole that diameter is 2cm, then each circular hole cotton beyond the Great Wall two of bubble chamber long.
Adopt bubble chamber cultivation by hole edible mushrooms, than easy and simple to handle with plastic bag cultivation, the amount of labour used is few, and air permeability is good, and pollute little, culture material is not easy dehydration, and Box of foamed plastics three-dimensional planting can not burn bacterium because pile is too high in a bacterium process.
The Chinese medicine yeast used in the embodiment of the present invention is produced by the flat mcroorganism Products Co., Ltd in Sichuan, and its trade name is " Chinese medicine yeast ", and the patent No. is ZL01108507.X.Wide bacterium king starter is produced by large Chinese scholartree biotechnology limited liability company of Jining City.EM microbial inoculum is produced by Kang Yuan oasis biotechnology (Beijing) company limited.
Embodiment 1
Raw material is: loquat branch 38%, corn cob 20%, vinasse 20%, oil cake 3%, wheat bran 15%, ammonium sulfate 0.5%, sucrose 0.5%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, Chinese medicine yeast 1%.
A, be 15 ~ 30% by being dried to water content, being crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, according to proportioning, raw material to be mixed, water transfer is to Compost moisture content 60%, fermentation: mixture piles bottom width 1.0m, high 0.8m, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, aerobic fermentation is carried out with rice straw mulching, when in material, temperature reaches more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 36 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 36 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 36 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains substratum;
C, inoculation: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained incubator; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality;
D, a bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is about 60%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, and hedgehog hydnum sends out 36 days bacterium time, and glossy ganoderma sends out 20 days bacterium time;
E, fruiting: after Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. mycelia covers with culture material, remove cotton, give scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity about 30%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
Embodiment 2
Raw material is: loquat branch 48%, corn cob 10%, vinasse 20%, oil cake 3%, wheat bran 14%, ammonium sulfate 1%, sucrose 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, wide bacterium king starter 1%.
A, be 15 ~ 30% by being dried to water content, being crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, according to proportioning, raw material to be mixed, water transfer is to Compost moisture content 65%, fermentation: mixture piles bottom width 1.2m, high 1.0m, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, aerobic fermentation is carried out with rice straw mulching, when in material, temperature reaches more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 42 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 42 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 42 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains substratum;
C, inoculation: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained incubator; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality;
D, a bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is about 60%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, and hedgehog hydnum sends out 35 days bacterium time, and glossy ganoderma sends out 20 days bacterium time;
E, fruiting: after Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. mycelia covers with culture material, remove cotton, give scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity about 30%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
Embodiment 3
Raw material is: loquat branch 58%, vinasse 20%, oil cake 5%, wheat bran 12%, ammonium sulfate 1%, sucrose 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, EM microbial inoculum 1%.
A, be 15 ~ 30% by being dried to water content, being crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, according to proportioning, raw material to be mixed, water transfer is to Compost moisture content 62%, fermentation: mixture piles bottom width 1.2m, high 1.0m, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, aerobic fermentation is carried out with rice straw mulching, when in material, temperature reaches more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 48 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 48 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 48 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains substratum;
C, inoculation: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained incubator; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality;
D, a bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is about 60%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, and hedgehog hydnum sends out 35 days bacterium time, and glossy ganoderma sends out 18 days bacterium time;
E, fruiting: after mycelia covers with culture material, remove cotton, give scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity about 30%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
Embodiment 4
Raw material is: loquat branch 68%, vinasse 10%, oil cake 3%, wheat bran 15%, ammonium sulfate 0.5%, sucrose 0.5%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, Chinese medicine yeast 1%.
A, be 15 ~ 30% by being dried to water content, being crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, according to proportioning, raw material to be mixed, water transfer is to Compost moisture content 63%, fermentation: mixture piles bottom width 1.5m, high 1.2m, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, aerobic fermentation is carried out with rice straw mulching, when in material, temperature reaches more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 48 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 42 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 42 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains substratum;
C, inoculation: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained incubator; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality;
D, a bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is about 60%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, and hedgehog hydnum sends out 35 days bacterium time, and glossy ganoderma sends out 19 days bacterium time;
E, fruiting: after Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. mycelia covers with culture material, remove cotton, give scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity about 30%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
Embodiment 5
Raw material is: loquat branch 48%, corn cob 15%, vinasse 15%, oil cake 6%, wheat bran 12%, ammonium sulfate 0.5%, sucrose 0.5%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, Chinese medicine yeast 1%.
A, be 15 ~ 30% by being dried to water content, being crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, according to proportioning, raw material to be mixed, water transfer is to Compost moisture content 65%, fermentation: mixture piles bottom width 1.2m, high 1.0m, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, aerobic fermentation is carried out with rice straw mulching, when in material, temperature reaches more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 48 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 42 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 42 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains substratum;
C, inoculation: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained incubator; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality;
D, a bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is about 60%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, and hedgehog hydnum sends out 33 days bacterium time, and glossy ganoderma sends out 17 days bacterium time;
E, fruiting: after Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. mycelia covers with culture material, remove cotton, give scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity about 30%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
Embodiment 6
Raw material is: loquat branch 48%, corn cob 15%, vinasse 15%, oil cake 5%, wheat bran 12%, ammonium sulfate 1%, sucrose 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, Chinese medicine yeast 1%.
A, be 15 ~ 30% by being dried to water content, being crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, according to proportioning, raw material to be mixed, water transfer is to Compost moisture content 60%, fermentation: mixture piles bottom width 1.2m, high 1.0m, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, aerobic fermentation is carried out with rice straw mulching, when in material, temperature reaches more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 48 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 42 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 42 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains substratum;
C, inoculation: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained incubator; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality;
D, a bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is about 60%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, and hedgehog hydnum sends out 33 days bacterium time, and glossy ganoderma sends out 16 days bacterium time;
E, fruiting: after Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. mycelia covers with culture material, remove cotton, give scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity about 30%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
Embodiment 7
" material feeding time " in table 1 refer to mycelia in media surface field planting and start grow time; " biological conversion rate " is passed through: mushroom weight/culture material dry weight × 100% calculates; The proportioning raw materials of " tradition " is loquat branches and leaves 77%, wheat bran 20%, sucrose 1%, calcium superphosphate 0.5%, gypsum 0.5%, lime 1%, water transfer is to Compost moisture content about 60%, pack 18*38cm, normal pressure 100 DEG C of sterilizings 12 hours, cooling obtains culture material, and edible mushrooms adopts two inoculation method, and inoculum size is 3% of culture material.
Wherein, two inoculation method refers to: untied by the rope at bacterium bag two, adds the special collar of edible mushrooms and seal with newspaper, bungee after inoculation.
The operation steps that conventional medium sends out bacterium and fruiting is: the bacterium rod connected is placed on a dark bacterium in booth, control temperature is between 20 ~ 30 DEG C.When mycelia cover with bacterium rod culture material after, remove newspaper, water spray, induction fruiting, mushroom grow to 7 ~ 8 layers ripe, gather when also not launching spore.
Table 1 substratum of the present invention and conventional medium cultivate bacterium and a fruiting effect comparison of Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and glossy ganoderma
As can be seen from above-mentioned experimental result, the conventional medium material feeding time is short, the purseful time is short than adopting for the substratum cultivation Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. adopting the embodiment of the present invention to provide and glossy ganoderma, and the speed namely sending out bacterium and fruiting is fast, and biological conversion rate is suitable.
Bacterium speed is fast, cost is low, easy and simple to handle, biological conversion rate is suitable than adopting traditional substratum cultivation Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. and glossy ganoderma to send out to adopt substratum provided by the invention.
Claims (7)
1. using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of matrix, its proportioning raw materials is: loquat branch 38% ~ 68%, corn cob 0% ~ 20%, vinasse 10 ~ 20%, oil cake 3 ~ 8%, wheat bran 8 ~ 15%, ammonium sulfate 0.5 ~ 1%, sucrose 0.5% ~ 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, zymophyte 1%; Described using discarded loquat branch as the compound method of the substratum of matrix, comprise the following steps:
A, by dry, be crushed to without the loquat branch going mouldy discarded the particle that particle diameter is 0.1 ~ 10mm;
B, mixed according to proportioning by raw material, fermentation obtains substratum.
2. according to claim 1 using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of matrix, it is characterized in that: its proportioning raw materials is: loquat branch 48%, corn cob 15%, vinasse 15%, oil cake 5%, wheat bran 12%, ammonium sulfate 1%, sucrose 1%, unslaked lime 1%, gypsum 1%, zymophyte 1%.
3. described in claim 1 or 2 using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of matrix, it is characterized in that: described zymophyte is the one in Chinese medicine yeast, wide bacterium king starter, EM fermenting agent.
4. according to claim 3 using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of matrix, it is characterized in that: described zymophyte is Chinese medicine yeast.
5. according to claim 1 using discarded loquat branch as the substratum of matrix, it is characterized in that: the drying described in step a, nothing are gone mouldy, and by intact, not being dried to water content by the loquat branch that competitive miscellaneous bacteria infects is 15 ~ 30%.
6. the substratum using discarded loquat branch as matrix according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the concrete operations of fermenting described in step b are: be 60 ~ 65% by mixing raw material water transfer to water content, pile bottom width 1.0 ~ 1.5m, high by 0.8 ~ 1.2, the long bar shaped stockpile do not limit, ferment with rice straw mulching, when in material, temperature reaches more than 55 DEG C, maintain fermentation carry out first time turning after 36 ~ 48 hours, in during turning court turn up, on turn over down; When temperature in stockpile is again more than more than 55 DEG C, keep fermentation after 36 ~ 48 hours, carry out second time turning; After second time turning, in stockpile, temperature is again more than more than 55 DEG C, then keeps fermentation after 36 ~ 48 hours, carries out third time turning, then continues fermentation again 48 hours, obtains culture material.
7. the cultivation Hericium erinaceus (Bull. Ex Fr.) Pers. of the substratum using discarded loquat branch as matrix described in claim 1 or 2 and the method for Ganderma lucidum, comprise the following steps:
1) inoculate: in Box of foamed plastics, first spread the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of one deck 10cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, repave the bacterial classification that then the thick substratum of 5cm inoculates 1/3, after having inoculated, add a cover foam cap, obtained cultivation case; Wherein, inoculum size is 15% of substratum quality; Described bubble chamber, will arrange according to the spacing of high 10cm, wide 10cm the circular hole that diameter is 2cm, then by cotton on each stopple two of bubble chamber long;
2) send out bacterium: the incubator inoculated is carried out pile and sends out bacterium, bacteria developing period temperature controls at 22 DEG C ~ 25 DEG C, and relative air humidity is 60 ~ 70%, and full dark condition issues bacterium, and sending out the bacterium time is 25 ~ 30 days;
3) fruiting: after hericium mycelium covers with culture material, removes cotton, gives scattered light, and control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C of fruitings, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, every day carries out ventilation, and hedgehog hydnum is from punching fruiting; Ganoderma lucidum mycelium opens lid after covering with culture material, then covers one deck 3 ~ 4cm thick use 1% lime water evenly mixed wet soil, maintains soil humidity 28 ~ 32%, give scattered light, control temperature is within the scope of 20 ~ 28 DEG C, and keep atmospheric moisture 85 ~ 95%, glossy ganoderma is fruiting from overburden layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310401618.4A CN103449928B (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | Culture medium using waste loquat branches as matrix as well as preparation and cultivation method of culture medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310401618.4A CN103449928B (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | Culture medium using waste loquat branches as matrix as well as preparation and cultivation method of culture medium |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103449928A CN103449928A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
| CN103449928B true CN103449928B (en) | 2015-04-08 |
Family
ID=49732825
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310401618.4A Expired - Fee Related CN103449928B (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2013-09-06 | Culture medium using waste loquat branches as matrix as well as preparation and cultivation method of culture medium |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103449928B (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103960049A (en) * | 2014-05-14 | 2014-08-06 | 谢光玉 | Method for cultivating monkey head mushrooms through fiber-shaped sugarcane stalks |
| CN105016870A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-11-04 | 牛仁立 | Fluffy ventilated moisture-retention type culture medium made of Chinese chestnut cupules for honey fungi and preparation method of culture medium |
| CN106278565A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-01-04 | 甘甲亮 | The culture medium of fall 3-high health care Ganoderma and cultural method |
| CN107353060A (en) * | 2017-07-13 | 2017-11-17 | 深圳前海珍稀沉香生物科技有限公司 | Mushroom culture composition, agalloch eaglewood mushroom and agalloch eaglewood mushroom cultural method |
| CN107353093A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-11-17 | 张剑秋 | A kind of environment-friendly type garden plant growth culture medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN107602278A (en) * | 2017-08-18 | 2018-01-19 | 四川诚至诚农业科技开发有限责任公司 | The preparation method of tobacco breeding and seedling nursing with equipment matrix |
| CN107667778A (en) * | 2017-10-22 | 2018-02-09 | 长沙爱扬医药科技有限公司 | Utilize the method for Yellow Fructus Gardeniae discarded object cultivation Hericium erinaceus |
| CN108157061A (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-06-15 | 桂林灌阳桂灌菌业科技开发有限公司 | A kind of weeds culture medium cultivated for hayashishita simulated wild glossy ganoderma and preparation method thereof |
| CN110495343A (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2019-11-26 | 安顺学院 | A kind of dictyophora phalloidea bubble chamber hayashishita imitating wild planting process |
| CN110278829A (en) * | 2019-08-01 | 2019-09-27 | 遵义市康绿诚农业科技有限责任公司 | A method of cultivation Coriaria sinica mushroom |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101570451A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-11-04 | 时忠良 | Preparation method of hedgehog hydnum mushroom compost |
| CN102613001A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2012-08-01 | 何寒 | Method for using pruned mango branches and leaves as raw materials to cultivate oyster mushrooms under mango trees |
| CN102633550A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-15 | 福建农业职业技术学院 | Culture medium and method for culturing ganoderma lucidum by using loquat braches and leaves |
| CN102807434A (en) * | 2011-06-05 | 2012-12-05 | 戚凤玲 | Preparation method for ganoderma lucidum cultivation material |
| CN102835248A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-26 | 颍上县鸿涛菌业专业合作社 | Method for cultivating lucid ganoderma by using mulberry branches |
-
2013
- 2013-09-06 CN CN201310401618.4A patent/CN103449928B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101570451A (en) * | 2008-04-29 | 2009-11-04 | 时忠良 | Preparation method of hedgehog hydnum mushroom compost |
| CN102807434A (en) * | 2011-06-05 | 2012-12-05 | 戚凤玲 | Preparation method for ganoderma lucidum cultivation material |
| CN102613001A (en) * | 2012-04-09 | 2012-08-01 | 何寒 | Method for using pruned mango branches and leaves as raw materials to cultivate oyster mushrooms under mango trees |
| CN102633550A (en) * | 2012-04-20 | 2012-08-15 | 福建农业职业技术学院 | Culture medium and method for culturing ganoderma lucidum by using loquat braches and leaves |
| CN102835248A (en) * | 2012-08-09 | 2012-12-26 | 颍上县鸿涛菌业专业合作社 | Method for cultivating lucid ganoderma by using mulberry branches |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 周选围等.灵芝代料栽培中的污染原因及对策.《汉中师范学院学报(自然科学)》.1999,第17卷(第2期),第61-64页. * |
| 榆黄蘑箱筐栽培技术;杨儒钦;《食用菌》;20001231(第2期);第30页 * |
| 陈国良.第一章第六节 灵芝的人工栽培,第二章第五节 猴头菇的人工栽培.《灵芝与猴头菇高产栽培技术》.金盾出版社,1996,第39-51,75-81,86页. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103449928A (en) | 2013-12-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103449928B (en) | Culture medium using waste loquat branches as matrix as well as preparation and cultivation method of culture medium | |
| CN103444436B (en) | Method for cultivating lucid ganoderma and phoenix mushroom by waste mango branches | |
| CN103483064B (en) | Culture medium using waste pomegranate twigs as matrix and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103073351B (en) | Cultivation substrate of edible mushroom, preparation method of cultivation substrate and cultivation method of edible mushroom | |
| CN105601356B (en) | A kind of method of edible fungi residue comprehensive utilization | |
| CN103396257B (en) | Bag-cultivation of shiitake fungus culture material and preparation method thereof | |
| CN104877937A (en) | Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial fertilizer for promoting growth of capsicum annuum and preparation method and applications thereof | |
| CN105349460B (en) | A kind of superacidulated complex microorganism preparations of inhibition vegetable castoff anaerobic fermentation | |
| CN101333510A (en) | Method for processing sludge and preparing bio organic fertilizer and special leaven thereof | |
| CN109197381B (en) | Method for planting hypsizygus marmoreus by liquefying solid strains | |
| CN105255777B (en) | Utilize the method for pig manure and mushroom residue production biological organic fertilizer | |
| CN108432548B (en) | Formula and preparation method of morchella esculenta cultivar by using mushroom bran | |
| CN107473791A (en) | Planting almond abalone mushroom matrix | |
| CN104509683A (en) | Method for preparing yellow corn silage feed by compounding and fermenting shells of bamboo shoots | |
| CN108260473A (en) | Using eucalyptus industrial wood waste as the method for main culture material cultivating ganoderma | |
| CN103483063B (en) | Culture medium using waste walnut twigs as matrix as well as preparation method and application thereof | |
| CN103539532B (en) | A kind of culture medium of edible fungus and preparation method | |
| CN106673735A (en) | Method for quickly degrading rice and wheat straw | |
| CN104620861A (en) | Method for planting flammulina velutipes by utilizing mulberry twigs | |
| CN104982228A (en) | Pleurotus djamor cultivation method | |
| CN102286385A (en) | Method for carrying out solid culturing on beauveria bassiana by stages | |
| CN102267845A (en) | Edible fungus cultivation material containing oily waste clay | |
| CN102559546B (en) | Composite microbial leaven | |
| CN104170651B (en) | Method for cultivating oyster mushroom by using tumorous stem mustard leaves | |
| CN103109680B (en) | Cultivate method of pleurotus cornucopiae |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150408 Termination date: 20170906 |