CN103444036B - 软线收纳装置 - Google Patents

软线收纳装置 Download PDF

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CN103444036B
CN103444036B CN201180062494.0A CN201180062494A CN103444036B CN 103444036 B CN103444036 B CN 103444036B CN 201180062494 A CN201180062494 A CN 201180062494A CN 103444036 B CN103444036 B CN 103444036B
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flexible cord
powered
vehicle
described flexible
charging
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CN103444036A (zh
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市川真士
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
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    • B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
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    • B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
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    • B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/80—Time limits
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    • B60L2260/00—Operating Modes
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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Abstract

一种软线收纳装置，具备：电动马达，提起与外部电源连接的受电用软线（250）；控制单元，判断在受电用软线（250）与外部电源连接的状态下受电用软线（250）是否已从地面分离，若受电用软线（250）从地面分离，则控制电动马达以停止受电用软线的提起。

Description

软线收纳装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种软线收纳装置，特别是涉及一种用于提起软线以使软线从地面分离的技术。
背景技术
作为考虑了环境的车辆，搭载蓄电装置（例如二次电池或电容器等）而使用由存储于蓄电装置的电力产生的驱动力行驶的车辆备受关注。在这种车辆中包括例如电动汽车、混合动力汽车、燃料电池汽车等。而且，提出了一种通过发电效率较高的商用电源对搭载于这些车辆的蓄电装置进行充电的技术。
在混合动力汽车中，也已知与电动汽车同样，能够通过车辆外部的电源（以下，也简称为“外部电源”）进行车载的蓄电装置的充电（以下，也称为“外部充电”）的车辆。例如，已知用受电用软线将设置于房屋的电源插座与设置于车辆的充电口连接，从而能够通过普通家庭的电源进行蓄电装置的充电的所谓“插电式混合动力汽车”。由此，可以期待提高混合动力汽车的燃油消耗效率。
充电结束之后，受电用软线收纳于卷线筒等。日本特开2003-244832号公报（专利文献1）公开了一种具备蓄电池充电用的缠绕式软线的电动汽车。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：日本特开2003-244832公报
发明内容
对蓄电装置进行充电时若软线与地面接触，则可能在软线上附着泥土。在这种情况下，充电结束之后可能需要使用者对软线进行清扫。因此，软线与地面接触可能损坏用户的便利性。
本发明的目的在于减少软线的污浊。
软线收纳装置具备：提起装置，提起与电源连接的软线；控制装置，判断在软线与电源连接的状态下软线是否已从地面分离，若软线从地面分离，则控制提起装置以停止软线的提起。
发明效果
在软线与电源连接的状态下使软线从地面分离。由此，能够减少附着在软线上的泥土等的量。因此，能够减少软线的污浊。
附图说明
图1是搭载了软线收纳装置的车辆的整体框图。
图2是软线收纳装置的概略图。
图3是表示受电用软线的张力的图。
图4是表示卷线筒的转速的图。
图5是表示电动马达的输出转矩或输出功率的图。
图6是表示控制单元执行的处理的控制结构的流程图。
图7是表示已从地面分离的受电用软线的图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照附图详细说明本发明的实施方式。此外，对图中相同或相当的部分标注同一标号，不重复其说明。
图1是搭载了软线收纳装置600的车辆100的整体框图。
参照图1，车辆100具备：蓄电装置110、系统主继电器（SystemMainRelay：SMR）、PCU（PowerControlUnit）120、电动发电机130、动力传递齿轮140、驱动轮150、及车辆ECU（ElectronicControlUnit）300。
蓄电装置110是以能够充放电的方式构成的电力贮存元件。蓄电装置110包含例如锂离子电池、镍氢电池或铅蓄电池等二次电池、或双电层电容器等蓄电元件而构成。
蓄电装置110经由电力线PL1及接地线NL1而与PCU120连接。而且，蓄电装置110将用于产生车辆100的驱动力的电力供给至PCU120。另外，蓄电装置110存储由电动发电机130所发电的电力。蓄电装置110的输出是例如200V左右。
SMR所包含的继电器分别介于将蓄电装置110和PCU120连结的电力线PL1及接地线NL1。而且，SMR基于来自车辆ECU300的控制信号SE1，切换蓄电装置110与PCU120之间的电力的供给与切断。
PCU120没有任何图示，但包含用于使来自蓄电装置110的电源电压升压的转换器、或用于将通过转换器升压的直流电力转换为用于驱动电动发电机130的交流电力的逆变器等而构成。
这些转换器及逆变器分别由来自车辆ECU300的控制信号PWC、PWI控制。
电动发电机130是交流旋转电机，例如是具备埋设了永久磁铁的转子的永久磁铁式同步电动机。
电动发电机130的输出转矩经由包含减速器及动力分配机构而构成的动力传递齿轮140传递至驱动轮150，而使车辆100行驶。在车辆100的再生制动动作时，电动发电机130能够通过驱动轮150的旋转力来进行发电。而且，该发电电力通过PCU120而转换为蓄电装置110的充电电力。
此外，在图1中，显示设置一个电动发电机的结构，但电动发电机的数量并不限定于此，也可以为设置多个电动发电机的结构。
另外，在除了电动发电机130以外搭载了发动机（未图示）的混合动力汽车中，通过使该发动机与电动发电机130协调地动作而产生需要的车辆驱动力。在这种情况下，也可以使用由发动机的旋转产生的发电电力对蓄电装置110进行充电。
即，本实施方式中的车辆100表示搭载车辆驱动力产生用的电动机的车辆，包括通过发动机及电动机来产生车辆驱动力的混合动力汽车、或没有搭载发动机的电动汽车及燃料电池汽车等。
车辆ECU300在图1中没有任何图示，但包含CPU（CentralProcessingUnit）、存储装置及输入输出缓存器，进行来自各传感器等的信号的输入及向各设备的控制信号的输出，并且进行车辆100及各设备的控制。此外，对于这些控制，并不限定于基于软件的处理，也可以用专用的硬件（电子电路）进行处理。
车辆ECU300生成并输出用于对PCU120、SMR等进行控制的控制信号。此外，在图1中，车辆ECU300为设置一个控制装置的结构，但也可以为例如PCU120用的控制装置或蓄电装置110用的控制装置等那样，对每个功能或每个控制对象设备都设置单个控制装置的结构。
车辆100作为用于通过来自外部电源500A的电力对蓄电装置110进行充电的结构，包含入口270、充电装置200、继电器RY2。
入口270设置于在车辆100的外表面上设置的受电口280。另外，在受电口280上结合有可开闭的盖285，其用于在不进行外部充电时覆盖入口270。
在入口270上连接有充电电缆400的充电连接器410。而且，来自外部电源500A的电力经由充电电缆400而传递至车辆100。
充电电缆400除了充电连接器410外，还包含用于与外部电源500A的插座510A连接的插头420、和将充电连接器410及插头420连接的电线部430。此外，在电线部430中也可以包含充电电路切断装置（未图示），其用于切换来自外部电源500A的电力的供给及切断。
入口270经由电力线ACL1、ACL2而与充电装置200连接。在入口270与充电装置200之间也设置有继电器。
另外，车辆100作为用于通过来自外部电源500B的电力对蓄电装置110进行充电的其它路径，还具备受电用软线250和软线收纳装置600。
在受电用软线250的一端连接用于与外部电源500B的插座510B连接的插头260。另外，受电用软线250的另一端与连接于充电装置200的电力线ACL3、ACL4连接。
另外，电力线ACL3、ACL4经由继电器RY3而与电力线ACL1、ACL2连接。继电器RY3由来自车辆ECU300的控制信号SE3控制。继电器RY3在进行使用了受电用软线250的外部充电的情况下电连接，在不进行使用了受电用软线250的外部充电的情况下不连接。
受电用软线250在不进行外部充电时缠绕收纳于软线收纳装置600。而且，使用受电用软线250进行外部充电时，从设置于车辆100的外表面的受电口240的拉出口（未图示）拉出。而且，通过插头260与插座510B连接而使来自外部电源500B的电力被传递至车辆100。
此外，在图1中，表示在使用充电电缆400的情况、及使用受电用软线250的情况下，分别与外部电源500A的插座510A及外部电源500B的插座510B连接的结构，但外部电源500A及500B的电源电压可以设为相同的电压，也可以设为不同的电压。在设为不同的电压的情况下，例如也可以在外部电源的电压为200V的情况下使用充电电缆400，在外部电源的电压为100V的情况下使用受电用软线250。
另外，在受电口240结合有可开闭的盖245，其用于在不进行外部充电时覆盖拉出口。
充电装置200经由电力线ACL1、ACL2而与入口270连接。另外，通过电力线PL2及接地线NL2，充电装置200经由继电器RY2而与蓄电装置110连接。
充电装置200将从入口270或受电用软线250供给的交流电力转换为蓄电装置110的充电电力。
参照图2，软线收纳装置600具备卷线筒610、电动马达620、及控制单元650。
在卷线筒610中设置有圆筒状的胴部，在该胴部卷绕受电用软线250。而且，在使用受电用软线250进行外部充电时，拉出卷绕于卷线筒610的受电用软线250。另外，在不进行外部充电时，卷线筒610缠绕收纳受电用软线250。
在电动马达620的旋转轴上设置有齿轮621。齿轮621能够与设置于卷线筒610的侧面的齿轮611配合地配置。
齿轮621在将受电用软线250缠绕于卷线筒610时，通过电动马达620而旋转。例如用户按压开关等时，通过电动马达620使卷线筒610向缠绕受电用软线250的方向旋转。由此，受电用软线250收纳于软线收纳装置600。
除此之外，用户将受电用软线250的插头260与外部电源500B连接而对蓄电装置110进行充电时，控制单元650控制电动马达620以使卷线筒610向缠绕受电用软线250的方向旋转。通过缠绕受电用软线250，而从地面提起受电用软线250。即，电动马达620作为提起受电用软线250的装置而发挥作用。受电用软线250被提起至受电用软线250从地面分离为止。
具体而言，控制单元650判断在受电用软线250与外部电源500B连接的状态下受电用软线250是否已从地面分离，若受电用软线250从地面分离，则控制电动马达620以停止受电用软线250的提起。
在本实施方式中，电动马达620被控制为以恒定的转矩、即恒定的力提起受电用软线250。也可以控制电动马达620使得以恒定的功率提起受电用软线250。
受电用软线250是否已从地面分离例如基于由速度传感器630检测出的卷线筒610的转速来判断。如图3所示，受电用软线250已从地面分离时的受电用软线250的张力、即为提起受电用软线250所需的力大于受电用软线250接地时的受电用软线250的张力。因此，受电用软线250已从地面分离时的提起受电用软线250的速度比受电用软线250接地时的提起受电用软线250的速度慢。即，受电用软线250已从地面分离时的卷线筒610的转速比受电用软线250接地时的卷线筒610的转速慢。考虑这种情况，如图4所示，若卷线筒610的转速降低至低于预定的第一阈值，则判断为受电用软线250已从地面分离。
此外，也可以控制电动马达620使得以恒定的速度提起受电用软线250。在这种情况下，也可以当用于提起受电用软线250的力增大至大于预定的阈值时，由控制单元650控制电动马达620以停止受电用软线250的提起。更详细而言，如图5所示，也可以当电动马达620的输出转矩或输出功率增大至大于预定的第二阈值时，判断为受电用软线250已从地面分离。
电动马达620的输出转矩或输出功率基于电动马达620的电压及电流等而推定或算出。在推定或算出电动马达620的输出转矩或输出功率的方法中，利用众所周知的一般的技术即可，因此在此不重复其详细的说明。
参照图4，说明控制单元650执行的处理。此外，也可以取代控制单元650，通过例如车辆ECU300等与控制单元650不同的计算机来执行以下的处理。
在步骤（以下，将步骤省略为S）100中，判断是否已满足用于开始蓄电装置110的充电的条件。用于开始蓄电装置110的充电的条件包含例如用户将受电用软线250的插头260与外部电源500B连接这样的条件。用于开始蓄电装置110的充电的条件由开发者适当地设定。作为一例，若由设置在软线收纳装置600与继电器RY3之间的电压传感器检测出与外部电源500B的电压对应的电压，则判断为受电用软线250的插头260已与外部电源500B连接。
若满足用于开始蓄电装置110的充电的条件（在S100中为“是”），则在S102中控制电动马达620使得以恒定的转矩提起受电用软线250。然后，若卷线筒610的转速降低至低于预定的第一阈值（S104中为“是”），则判断为受电用软线250已从地面分离。因此，在S108中，控制电动马达620以停止受电用软线250的提起。由此，如图7所示，能够使受电用软线250从地面分离。
返回图6，若尽管卷线筒610的转速没有降低至低于第一阈值（S104中为“否”）但开始受电用软线250的提起之后经过了预定的时间（S106中为“是”），则控制电动马达620以停止受电用软线250的提起。
在停止受电用软线250的提起之后，在S110中开始蓄电装置110的充电。
如以上，在本实施方式中，受电用软线250被提起至从地面分离为止。由此，能够减少附着于受电用软线250的泥土等的量。
应当理解此次公开的实施方式所有方面是例示而非限制。本发明的范围不是由上述的说明表示而是由权利要求表示，并且旨在包含与权利要求均等的含义及范围内的所有的变更。
标号说明
100车辆
110蓄电装置
130电动发电机
200充电装置
240受电口
245盖
250受电用软线
260插头
500B外部电源
510B插座
600软线收纳装置
610卷线筒
611齿轮
620电动马达
621齿轮
630速度传感器
640蓄电池
650控制单元

Claims (7)

1.一种车辆，具备：
提起装置(620)，提起与电源(500B)连接的软线(250)；
蓄电装置(110)，通过来自所述电源(500B)的电力而进行充电；
控制装置(650)，判断在所述软线(250)与所述电源(500B)连接的状态下所述软线(250)是否已从地面分离，若所述软线(250)从地面分离，则控制所述提起装置(620)以停止所述软线(250)的提起，在停止所述软线(250)的提起之后，开始所述蓄电装置(110)的充电。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，
若用于提起所述软线(250)的力大于预定的提起力阈值，则所述控制装置(650)判断为所述软线(250)已从地面分离。
3.根据权利要求2所述的车辆，其中，
所述提起装置(620)以恒定的速度提起所述软线(250)。
4.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，
若提起所述软线(250)的速度低于预定的提起速度阈值，则所述控制装置(650)判断为所述软线(250)已从地面分离。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车辆，其中，
所述提起装置(620)以恒定的力提起所述软线(250)。
6.根据权利要求4所述的车辆，其中，
所述提起装置(620)以恒定的功率提起所述软线(250)。
7.根据权利要求1所述的车辆，其中，
还具备卷绕所述软线(250)的卷筒(610)，
所述提起装置(620)是使所述卷筒(610)旋转的电动马达。
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