CN103416270A - Method for preventing spirogyra in rice field through fertilization-prior-to-plowing - Google Patents
Method for preventing spirogyra in rice field through fertilization-prior-to-plowing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preventing spirogyra in a rice field through fertilization-prior-to-plowing. The method comprises the steps of seedling cultivation in the rice field, fine soil preparation in the rice field, fertilization-prior-to-plowing, plowing, arrangement of a screen filter tank, irrigation and harrowing after the plowing, weed prevention, rice seedlings transplanting, water layer management, booting fertilization, pest control and harvesting. Particularly, in the step of the fertilization-prior-to-plowing, 85 to 90 percent of nitrogen fertilizer, 100 percent of phosphate fertilizer and 100 percent of potassium fertilizer in all fertilizers which are applied to the rice field are uniformly applied to the surface of soil at one time before the plowing. The fertilizers are spread on the surface layer of the soil in a manual manner or through an agricultural machine, a fertilization leakage part is manually searched, and repeated fertilization and fertilization leakage are avoided. The method is good in prevention effect, chemical pesticides do not need to be re-applied for preventing the spirogyra, and the spirogyra can be effectively avoided. By the adoption of the method, over 95 percent of a spirogyra preventing effect is achieved; through a continuous multi-field test, the pesticides do not need to be re-applied for prevention; and meanwhile, the yield is improved, the effect is enhanced, the method is environment-friendly, the production cost is saved, and the method is a good method for agriculturally preventing the spirogyra.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of preventing the paddy field water either silk floss, particularly a kind of method of fertilising prevention paddy field water either silk floss before ploughing.
Background technology
Approximately 4.5 hundred million mu of China's rice areas, use due to a large amount of chemical fertilizer, body eutrophication is quite serious, the whole nation has 50% above rice field that the continuous harm of water in various degree occurs, particularly northern China rice district occurs comparatively serious, the whole nation is annual to be reached more than 10,000 tons for the anti-continuous agricultural chemicals of harnessing the river, not only larger to Rice Production harm, and ecotope is formed to certain influence.Water continuous (Spirogyra communis (Hass.) Kutz.) is Zygnemataceae Spirogyra aquatic algae, is commonly called as moss, frog quilt, frog skin, is one of rice field malignant weed.With filamentous fracture regeneration or row conjugation, by the individuality of spore germination Cheng Xin, with water, propagate.The continuous vitality of water and fertility are extremely strong, and happiness is fertile, especially in the phosphate fertilizer amount under large condition growth vigorous, reproduction speed is accelerated.The continuous growth of the saline and alkaline maidenliness water surface water of soil pH value 7.5 left and right is the most suitable.Generally after rice transplanting, along with temperature, raise and Paddy fields is bred rapidly harm, cause the water temperature reduction, rice shoot is tardy, the deficiency of tillering, when the water silk floss occurs in a large number in rice field, the fertilizer applied can't fall into rice root, and strives water with paddy rice and strive fertilizer, strive growing space.Water is continuous, and serious rice field occurs, and the plant height of paddy rice reduces, the blade Huang that falls, the underproduction 30% left and right.
In the control of water silk floss, general advocating applies fertilizers scientifically, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium rational formula, rationally fill with draining, adopt shallow, wet, the dry irrigation, select the high temperature fine day agronomic measures such as dry field, and artificial salvaging that discharge water, the development of water silk floss is had to certain inhibitory action, but control efficiency is all not obvious, and affect the paddy rice growth of normally tillering.The chemical control of water silk floss for many years more adopts the chemical controls such as copper sulphate, symetryne, prometryn, when continuous fragmentary generation of water, uses, and the water silk floss is had to certain control action, but, along with the continuous continuous expansion that area occurs of water, successful descends.Although these agricultural chemicals can suppress spreading of water silk floss to a certain extent, and rice shoot is also produced to larger poisoning, suppress the rice shoot normal growth.Generally apply novel agrochemical 25% fentin acetate on producing in recent years, comparatively desirable to the preventive effect of water silk floss, but large to the human body skin injury, and large to toxicity to fish, larger to eco-environmental impact.
Therefore, how effectively to prevent the paddy field water either silk floss, no pesticide grown, the quality of assurance soil, reduce production costs, preserves the ecological environment, be equally also one of current difficult problem anxious to be resolved in this field.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned weak point, a kind of method that provides cultivated front fertilising scientific and reasonable, that practical function guarantees rice safety production significantly to prevent the paddy field water either silk floss.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is for achieving the above object: a kind of method of fertilising prevention paddy field water either silk floss before ploughing is characterized in that the method implementation step is as follows:
(1) strong seedling is cultivated in rice seedling bed: adopt the slotting seedlings seedling raising method of the conventional hand of paddy rice or rice mechanical transplanting dish to educate the seedling seedling raising method; Select the high-quality breeding of germination rate more than 90%, select the fine day 1d that basks seeds before sowing; The rear use 16% Prochloraz desinsection list 15g that basks seeds is watered 500 times, seed soaking 4kg～5kg, seed soaking 5d～7d; Mix seed rice 40kg with 25% metalaxyl Propamocarb after seed soaking; Conventional hand is inserted seedlings seedling planting amount 60kg～75kg/667m
2, machine transplanting of rice dish is educated seedling seedling planting amount 100g～125g/ dish; Conventional hand is inserted seedlings seedling length of time rice seedlings grow 40d～50d and is transplanted, and dish is educated seedling seedling length of time rice seedlings grow 35d～45d transplanting, strives the rice shoot stalwartness;
(2) the meticulous whole ground of Honda: guarantee that land smoothing is the key that high yield was implemented and obtained to the method, before ploughing, according to soil regime, carry out smooth, same plot soil difference in height is less than 10cm, difference in height is greater than the field of 10cm carries out smooth or plays the ridge and dwindle the field area, reduces the difference in height in same plot; The field that subterranean water level is high, showed the ambient water potential drop below 1m to distance soil before the winter, and while guaranteeing to plough, soil moisture content is low, and after ploughing, the soil is porous, do not become the mud bar;
(3) plough front fertilising: be Honda to be intended executing 85%～90% nitrogenous fertilizer, 100% phosphate fertilizer, 100% potash fertilizer disposable evenly executing at soil surface before arable land of whole chemical fertilizer, adopt and manually spread fertilizer over the fields or sow at upper soll layer with agricultural machinery, manually make up a deficiency and Lou execute part, guarantee not heavy dressing, do not leak and execute;
(4) plough: adopt the method tilling depth 18cm-20cm that turns over after fertilising, fertilising completes on the same day with ploughing work;
(5) the pumping station layout screen filtration pond of pouring water: the place of drawing water, water outlet place at pumping plant respectively arrange the screen filtration pond, the screen cloth that the employing specification is 1～1.5mm bilayer respectively arranges fixing, the water silk floss that the interception water head site grows, the size in screen filtration pond, according to the pumping plant pump-out, be take not outer spilling water as suitable;
(6) pour water after ploughing and rake the soil level: determine watering period according to ambient temperature behind arable land, daily mean temperature, below 15 ℃, is ploughed and 6d-7d interval that pours water; Daily mean temperature, more than 15 ℃, is ploughed and 3d-4d interval that pours water; Draw famine to pour water and rake the soil level for 2 times, reduce the movement of topsoil, avoid topsoil to concentration of local;
(7) prevention weeds: rear 667m rakes the soil level
2Spray 60% butachlor ec 100ml+30% bensulfuron-methyl 15g and carry out the soil sealing, prevention barnyard grass, convexutricle sedge herb, have the rice field of belt grass to add 20% symetryne 100g/667m
2, after dispenser more than water conservation 7d; Soil sealing medication 20d～25d mixes soil and executes 30% bensulfuron-methyl 20g, again prevents convexutricle sedge herb, belt grass;
(8) rice transplanting: adopt the conventional hand of paddy rice to insert seedlings seedling raising method, length of time rice seedlings grow 40d～45d rice transplanting; Adopt the rice mechanical transplanting dish to educate the seedling seedling raising method, length of time rice seedlings grow 30d～40d rice transplanting; Density of transplants is determined Erect Panicle Rice kind 1.5 ten thousand～1.8 ten thousand/667m according to the kind plant type
2, crooked fringe type rice varieties 1.2 ten thousand～1.5 ten thousand/667m
2
(9) water layer management: the rear field of raking the soil level keeps water layer 10cm～15cm, tiller more than 3 leaves and reach 70%～75% of plan spike number, according to kind lodging tolerance, the group size field 5d～10d that dries in the air, colony is little, the kind lodging tolerance gently dries in the air by force, otherwise extends the field number of days that dries in the air; After heading 10d, intermittently pour water;
(10) execute booting fertilizer: paddy rice enters panicle spike primordium differentiation stage and executes booting fertilizer, and 10%～15% nitrogenous fertilizer that rice on honda is intended executing is used at jointing-booting stage, also can or abandon using according to paddy rice growth of cereal crop seedlings decrement;
(11) extermination of disease and insect pest: the Major Diseases of control is rice blast, false smut, oriental sesame leaf pinta, prevent and treat best period and be that the indivedual spike of rice cuts in the less plot of fertility, same rice field go out is the 1st spraying period preventing and treating disease, prevent and treat for the second time the disease spraying period and be same rice field fertility significantly piece 50% spike of rice cut go out period, control medicament and consumption: 667m
2At every turn with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 20ml+20% tricyclazole wettable powder 100g; The control Major Pests is rice water weevil, striped rice borer, uses pyrethroid insecticides, eliminates rice shoot and irrigation canals and ditches ridge weeds overwinter generation rice water weevil adult before rice transplanting, in mid-June, late August 667m
2With 40% chlorine worm. Diacloden 8g is watered spraying, the control striped rice borer;
(12) results: after the paddy rice maturation, when paddy moisture drops to the optimal period of 15%～15.5% results, gathered in the crops.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The inventive method is compared with the method for using pesticide control water silk floss, has following outstanding effect:
1, preventive effect is good, does not need to use chemical pesticide control water silk floss again, can effectively avoid the continuous generation of water.The inventive method reaches more than 95% the preventive effect of water silk floss, through testing 2 years, does not need with agricultural chemicals, to be prevented and treated more again, is the good method of an agronomy prevention of water silk floss.And adopt 25% fentin acetate to be prevented and treated, and for fear of dispenser again, be generally just to be forced to wipe out and treat insect pests and plant diseases after the water silk floss produces larger harm to paddy rice, after dispenser, the continuous dead residual body of water still has certain negative effect to paddy field temperature, fertilising.
2, volume increase, synergy, save production cost.Through several years experiment and demonstrations, with conventional method, compare, reduce the anti-continuous agricultural chemicals 100% of harnessing the river, on average save agricultural chemicals 50～60g/667m
2(cost: 15～18 yuan/667m
2), reduce 0.3～0.4/667m of dispenser recruitment
2(120 yuan of/works, joints prop up 36～48 yuan/667m
2), reduce 0.6～0.7/667m of fertilising recruitment
2(joint 72～84 a yuan/667m
2) three add up to joint 123～150 a yuan/667m
2Volume increase paddy 55kg/667m
2, amplification 9.4%, calculate by 3.0 yuan/kg of current paddy, increases income 165 yuan/667m
2.Add up to 288～315 yuan/667m that increases income and economizes on spending
2.
The inventive method is through continuous many ground multiple spot experiment and demonstration in recent years, and average yield and structure of output are as following table:
Conventional method refers to the traditional fertilization method, and adopts 25% fentin acetate control after the water silk floss occurs.
3, be conducive to preserve the ecological environment, ecological benefits are remarkable.The inventive method no longer applying pesticides is carried out
The anti-silk floss of harnessing the river, can protect Ecological Environment of Paddy Field preferably, avoids the injury of dispenser operation to human body, reduces the pollution of pesticide producing process to environment, more is conducive to produce non-harmful high quality white rice.
The present invention goes out a set of simple and easy to do method through experimental exploration for many years, effectively guarantees the matter of soil
Amount, simplify production process, reduces production costs, and effectively preserves the ecological environment, and has significant practical value and economic benefit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with preferred embodiment, to according to concrete implementation step provided by the invention, details are as follows:
A kind of method of fertilising prevention paddy field water either silk floss before ploughing, the method implementation step is as follows:
(1) strong seedling is cultivated in rice seedling bed: adopt the slotting seedlings seedling raising method of the conventional hand of paddy rice or rice mechanical transplanting dish to educate the seedling seedling raising method; Select the high-quality breeding of germination rate more than 90%, select the fine day 1d that basks seeds before sowing; The rear use 16% Prochloraz desinsection list of basking seeds, (its chemical name is N-propyl group-N-[2-(2,4,6-Trichlorophenoxy) ethyl]-imidazoles-1-formamide 1-thiosulfonic acid sodium base-2-dimethylamino-3-thiosulfonic acid base propane) 15g is watered 500 times, seed soaking 4kg～5kg, seed soaking 5d～7d; After seed soaking, with 25% metalaxyl Propamocarb, (its chemical name is that N-(2-methoxyl group acetyl group)-N-(2,6-3,5-dimethylphenyl N-[3-(dimethylamino) propyl carbamic acid propyl ester) or 58% metalaxyl-mn-zn 100g mix seed rice 40kg; Conventional hand is inserted seedlings seedling planting amount 60kg～75kg/667m
2, machine transplanting of rice dish is educated seedling seedling planting amount 100g～125g/ dish; Conventional hand is inserted seedlings seedling length of time rice seedlings grow 40d～50d and is transplanted, and dish is educated seedling seedling length of time rice seedlings grow 35d～45d transplanting, strives the rice shoot stalwartness.
(2) the meticulous whole ground of Honda: guarantee that land smoothing is the key that high yield was implemented and obtained to the method, before ploughing, according to soil regime, carry out smooth, same plot soil difference in height is less than 10cm, difference in height is greater than the field of 10cm carries out smooth or plays the ridge and dwindle the field area, reduces the difference in height in same plot; The field that subterranean water level is high, showed the ambient water potential drop below 1m to distance soil before the winter, and while guaranteeing to plough, soil moisture content is low, and after ploughing, the soil is porous, do not become the mud bar.
(3) plough front fertilising: be the key of the inventive method, the whole chemical fertilizer 667m of Honda
2N consumption 14～17kg, P
2O
5Consumption 5～6.5kg, K
2O consumption 0～3kg; The inventive method is Honda to be intended executing 85%～90% nitrogenous fertilizer, 100% phosphate fertilizer, 100% potash fertilizer of whole chemical fertilizer, for example, can select 667m
285% of N consumption 14kg is 11.9 kg, or 17kg's 85% is 14.45 kg; Also can select 667m
290% of N consumption 14kg is 12.6 kg, or 17kg's 90% is 15.3 kg; And can, according to the different fertilizing amount of adjusting of soil fertility, suit measures to local conditions; Disposable evenly executing at soil surface before arable land, adopt and manually spread fertilizer over the fields or sow at upper soll layer with agricultural machinery, manually makes up a deficiency and Lou execute part, guarantees not heavy dressing, do not leak and execute.
(4) plough: adopt the method tilling depth 18cm-20cm that turns over after fertilising, fertilising completes on the same day with ploughing work.
(5) the pumping station layout screen filtration pond of pouring water: the place of drawing water, water outlet place at pumping plant respectively arrange the screen filtration pond, the screen cloth that the employing specification is 1～1.5mm bilayer respectively arranges fixing, the water silk floss that the interception water head site grows, the size in screen filtration pond, according to the pumping plant pump-out, be take not outer spilling water as suitable.
(6) pour water after ploughing and rake the soil level: determine watering period according to ambient temperature behind arable land, daily mean temperature, below 15 ℃, is ploughed and 6d-7d interval that pours water; Daily mean temperature, more than 15 ℃, is ploughed and 3d-4d interval that pours water; Draw famine to pour water and rake the soil level for 2 times, reduce the movement of topsoil, avoid topsoil to concentration of local.
(7) prevention weeds: rear 667m rakes the soil level
2(its chemical name is the chloro-N-(2 of 2-to spray 60% butachlor; 6-diethyl phenyl)-N-(fourth oxygen methyl) acetamide) (its chemical name is 2-(((4 to missible oil 100ml+30% bensulfuron-methyl; 6-dimethoxypyridin-2-yl) amino carbonyl amino) sulfonyl methyl) methyl benzoate) 15g carries out the soil sealing; prevention barnyard grass, convexutricle sedge herb; (its chemical name is 2-methyl sulphur-4 to have the rice field of belt grass to add 20% symetryne; 6-bis-(ethylamino-)-1; 3,5-triazine) 100g/667m
2, after dispenser more than water conservation 7d; Soil sealing medication 20d～25d mixes soil and executes 30% bensulfuron-methyl 20g, again prevents convexutricle sedge herb, belt grass; Above agricultural chemicals is commercially available prod.
(8) rice transplanting: adopt the conventional hand of paddy rice to insert seedlings seedling raising method, length of time rice seedlings grow 40d～45d rice transplanting; Adopt the rice mechanical transplanting dish to educate the seedling seedling raising method, length of time rice seedlings grow 30d～40d rice transplanting; Density of transplants is determined Erect Panicle Rice kind 1.5 ten thousand～1.8 ten thousand/667m according to the kind plant type
2, crooked fringe type rice varieties 1.2 ten thousand～1.5 ten thousand/667m
2.
(9) water layer management: the rear field of raking the soil level keeps water layer 10cm～15cm, tiller more than 3 leaves and reach 70%～75% of plan spike number, according to kind lodging tolerance, the group size field 5d～10d that dries in the air, colony is little, the kind lodging tolerance gently dries in the air by force, otherwise extends the field number of days that dries in the air; After heading 10d, intermittently pour water.
(10) execute booting fertilizer: paddy rice enters panicle spike primordium differentiation stage and executes booting fertilizer, and whole nitrogenous fertilizer 10%～15% that rice on honda is intended executing are used at jointing-booting stage; For example, can select 667m
215% of N consumption 14kg is 2.1 kg, or 17kg's 15% is 2.55 kg; Also can select 667m
210% of N consumption 14kg is 1.4 kg, or 17kg's 10% is 1.7kg; Also can or abandon using according to paddy rice growth of cereal crop seedlings decrement.
(11) extermination of disease and insect pest: the Major Diseases of control is rice blast, false smut, oriental sesame leaf pinta, prevent and treat best period and be that the indivedual spike of rice cuts in the less plot of fertility, same rice field go out is the 1st spraying period, for the second time spraying period be same rice field fertility significantly piece 50% spike of rice cut go out period, control medicament and consumption: 667m
2At every turn with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate (i.e. 15% Difenoconazole+15% propiconazole compound; Its chemical name is, Difenoconazole: suitable, and the chloro-4-[4-methyl-2-1H-1 of trans-3-, 2,4-triazol-1-yl methyl)-1, the mute pentane of 3-bis--2-yl) phenyl 4-chlorphenyl ether (suitable, inverse proportion is about 45:55); Propiconazole: 1-[2-(2, the 4-dichlorophenyl)-4-propyl group-DOX-2-ylmethyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole) 20ml+20% tricyclazole wettable powder (5-methyl isophthalic acid, 2,4-triazol (3,4-b) benzothiazole) 100g; The control Major Pests is rice water weevil, striped rice borer, with pyrethroid insecticides (class of insecticide), eliminates rice shoot and irrigation canals and ditches ridge weeds overwinter generation rice water weevil adult before rice transplanting, in mid-June, late August 667m
2With 40% chlorine worm. Diacloden (its chemical name is the bromo-N-[4-chloro-2-methyl of 3--6-[(methyl-carbamoyl) benzene]-1-(3-chloropyridine-2-yl)-1-hydrogen-pyridine-5-formamide, 4-base amine-N-nitra-amine) 8g is watered spraying, the control striped rice borer.
(12) results: after the paddy rice maturation, when paddy moisture drops to the optimal period of 15%～15.5% results,
Gathered in the crops.
The explanation of application example effect:
Ninghe town, Ninghe County, Tianjin six village peasants contract this soil, village rice cultivation 9.4hm
2, this plot water is continuous to be occurred for many years, average rice yield 550kg/667m over the years
2.Within 2012, incite somebody to action wherein 4.7hm
2Rice field application the inventive method, 4.7hm in addition
2Rice field adopts the traditional fertilization method and carry out pesticide control after the continuous generation of water.
Implementation process: the 4.7hm that adopts the inventive method
2On April 25th, 2012 by N-P
2O
5-K
2The sustained slow-release fertilizer 40kg of O content 26-11-11 is disposable ploughs front fertilising, and the 18cm～20cm that ploughed the same day.Pour water on May 5～7 and draw waste soda twice, May 8 raked the soil level, and used the weeding pesticide of prevention barnyard grass, convexutricle sedge herb, rice transplanting on May 15, executed urea 6kg on July 18, the fragmentary water silk floss brought with pouring water is found in field investigation on June 15 only 2% plot, the continuous natural death of investigation on June 25 water.
Adopt the 4.7hm of traditional fertilization method
2Ploughing on April 25th, 2012 in rice field, pours water on May 5～7 and draw waste soda twice, and May 8 raked the soil level, and N-P is executed on the rear top layer of raking the soil level
2O
5-K
2The fertile 15kg/667m of the long-acting sustained-release complex fertilizer of O content 26-11-11
2, and use the weeding pesticide that prevents barnyard grass, convexutricle sedge herb, rice transplanting on May 15, imposed N-P on May 23
2O
5-K
2The long-acting sustained-release complex fertilizer 15kg/667m of O content 26-11-11
2, imposed urea 7.5kg/667m on June 5
2, executed urea 5kg/667m on June 17
2, executed urea 5kg/667m on July 18
2.The water silk floss occurs in field investigation on June 15 80% plot, and connects in flakes, uses 25% fentin acetate 45g/667m on June 17
2, mended June 28 and execute 25% fentin acetate 30g/667m
2, July 5, the investigation prevention effect reached 96%.Two kinds of methods, in results in 5～7 November, are used the 4.7hm of the inventive method
2Average yield 675kg/667m
2Adopt the 4.7hm of traditional fertilization method
2Average yield 610kg/667m
2, 145 yuan/667m of agricultural chemicals labour expenses
2.Compare, use the inventive method volume increase paddy 65kg/667m
2, joint 145 a yuan/667m
2, 340 yuan/667m increases income and economizes on spending
2, 4.7hm2 increases income and economizes on spending 23970 yuan.
The detailed description that above-mentioned method of this being ploughed to front fertilising prevention paddy field water either silk floss with reference to embodiment is carried out is illustrative rather than determinate, therefore in the variation and the modification that do not break away under general plotting of the present invention, within should belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. plough the method that front fertilising prevents the paddy field water either silk floss for one kind, it is characterized in that the method implementation step is as follows:
(1) strong seedling is cultivated in rice seedling bed: adopt the slotting seedlings seedling raising method of the conventional hand of paddy rice or rice mechanical transplanting dish to educate the seedling seedling raising method; Select the high-quality breeding of germination rate more than 90%, select the fine day 1d that basks seeds before sowing; The rear use 16% Prochloraz desinsection list 15g that basks seeds is watered 500 times, seed soaking 4kg～5kg, seed soaking 5d～7d; Mix seed rice 40kg with 25% metalaxyl Propamocarb after seed soaking; Conventional hand is inserted seedlings seedling planting amount 60kg～75kg/667m
2, machine transplanting of rice dish is educated seedling seedling planting amount 100g～125g/ dish; Conventional hand is inserted seedlings seedling length of time rice seedlings grow 40d～50d and is transplanted, and dish is educated seedling seedling length of time rice seedlings grow 35d～45d transplanting, strives the rice shoot stalwartness;
(2) the meticulous whole ground of Honda: guarantee that land smoothing is the key that high yield was implemented and obtained to the method, before ploughing, according to soil regime, carry out smooth, same plot soil difference in height is less than 10cm, difference in height is greater than the field of 10cm carries out smooth or plays the ridge and dwindle the field area, reduces the difference in height in same plot; The field that subterranean water level is high, showed the ambient water potential drop below 1m to distance soil before the winter, and while guaranteeing to plough, soil moisture content is low, and after ploughing, the soil is porous, do not become the mud bar;
(3) plough front fertilising: be Honda to be intended executing 85%～90% nitrogenous fertilizer, 100% phosphate fertilizer, 100% potash fertilizer disposable evenly executing at soil surface before arable land of whole chemical fertilizer, adopt and manually spread fertilizer over the fields or sow at upper soll layer with agricultural machinery, manually make up a deficiency and Lou execute part, guarantee not heavy dressing, do not leak and execute;
(4) plough: adopt the method tilling depth 18cm-20cm that turns over after fertilising, fertilising completes on the same day with ploughing work;
(5) the pumping station layout screen filtration pond of pouring water: the place of drawing water, water outlet place at pumping plant respectively arrange the screen filtration pond, the screen cloth that the employing specification is 1～1.5mm bilayer respectively arranges fixing, the water silk floss that the interception water head site grows, the size in screen filtration pond, according to the pumping plant pump-out, be take not outer spilling water as suitable;
(6) pour water after ploughing and rake the soil level: determine watering period according to ambient temperature behind arable land, daily mean temperature, below 15 ℃, is ploughed and 6d-7d interval that pours water; Daily mean temperature, more than 15 ℃, is ploughed and 3d-4d interval that pours water; Draw famine to pour water and rake the soil level for 2 times, reduce the movement of topsoil, avoid topsoil to concentration of local;
(7) prevention weeds: rear 667m rakes the soil level
2Spray 60% butachlor ec 100ml+30% bensulfuron-methyl 15g and carry out the soil sealing, prevention barnyard grass, convexutricle sedge herb, have the rice field of belt grass to add 20% symetryne 100g/667m
2, after dispenser more than water conservation 7d; Soil sealing medication 20d～25d mixes soil and executes 30% bensulfuron-methyl 20g, again prevents convexutricle sedge herb, belt grass;
(8) rice transplanting: adopt the conventional hand of paddy rice to insert seedlings seedling raising method, length of time rice seedlings grow 40d～45d rice transplanting; Adopt the rice mechanical transplanting dish to educate the seedling seedling raising method, length of time rice seedlings grow 30d～40d rice transplanting; Density of transplants is determined Erect Panicle Rice kind 1.5 ten thousand～1.8 ten thousand/667m according to the kind plant type
2, crooked fringe type rice varieties 1.2 ten thousand～1.5 ten thousand/667m
2
(9) water layer management: the rear field of raking the soil level keeps water layer 10cm～15cm, tiller more than 3 leaves and reach 70%～75% of plan spike number, according to kind lodging tolerance, the group size field 5d～10d that dries in the air, colony is little, the kind lodging tolerance gently dries in the air by force, otherwise extends the field number of days that dries in the air; After heading 10d, intermittently pour water;
(10) execute booting fertilizer: paddy rice enters panicle spike primordium differentiation stage and executes booting fertilizer, and 10%～15% nitrogenous fertilizer that rice on honda is intended executing is used at jointing-booting stage, also can or abandon using according to paddy rice growth of cereal crop seedlings decrement;
(11) extermination of disease and insect pest: the Major Diseases of control is rice blast, false smut, oriental sesame leaf pinta, prevent and treat best period and be that the indivedual spike of rice cuts in the less plot of fertility, same rice field go out is the 1st spraying period preventing and treating disease, prevent and treat for the second time the disease spraying period and be same rice field fertility significantly piece 50% spike of rice cut go out period, control medicament and consumption: 667m
2At every turn with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 20ml+20% tricyclazole wettable powder 100g; The control Major Pests is rice water weevil, striped rice borer, uses pyrethroid insecticides, eliminates rice shoot and irrigation canals and ditches ridge weeds overwinter generation rice water weevil adult before rice transplanting, in mid-June, late August 667m
2With 40% chlorine worm. Diacloden 8g is watered spraying, the control striped rice borer;
(12) results: after the paddy rice maturation, when paddy moisture drops to the optimal period of 15%～15.5% results, gathered in the crops.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310379079.9A CN103416270B (en) | 2013-08-28 | 2013-08-28 | Method for preventing spirogyra in rice field through fertilization-prior-to-plowing |
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