CN103392577B - Rice husk carbon granule-based sports turf bed substrate and absorption capability optimizing method thereof - Google Patents
Rice husk carbon granule-based sports turf bed substrate and absorption capability optimizing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392577B CN103392577B CN201310354187.0A CN201310354187A CN103392577B CN 103392577 B CN103392577 B CN 103392577B CN 201310354187 A CN201310354187 A CN 201310354187A CN 103392577 B CN103392577 B CN 103392577B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rice husk carbon granule-based sports turf bed substrate and an absorption capability optimizing method thereof. The substrate is formed by mixing sand with uniform grain size and rice husk carbon granules, wherein the proportion of the rice husk carbon granules is 1-40%v/v, and the proportion of the sand is 99-60%v/v. According to the optimization method, after the turf bed substrate is paved on a site under construction, turf grasses are grown on the turf bed substrate; the nutritional status of the sports turf is improved through the absorption capability of the turf bed substrate to water and nutrients, so that the sports turf is enabled to grow strongly.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is level ground bed substrate and the optimization method in building technology field, a kind of lawn, the specifically a kind of motion turfgrass bed matrix based on rice husk carbon granule and confinement capabilities optimization method thereof being applicable to various types of lawn for sports use such as golf course, football pitch or afforestation lawn.
Background technology
Motion lawn is the lawn used for every sports (as: football, baseball, golf etc.) specially, and turfgrass bed matrix general thickness, at 30 cm, is for lawn plant grows the matrix providing moisture and nutrition.Different from general greening lawn, motion lawn needs the motion that can tolerate high strength to trample on, high-intensity exercise trample can cause the serious compacting of turfgrass bed, level ground bed voidage reduces, and causes the phenomenon that hardens of level ground bed, once level ground bed substrate hardens, just there will be moisture penetration difficulty, in matrix, oxygen lacks, and lawn root system is poisoning because of anaerobic respiration, causes lawn degeneration, even death.In order to maintain the high-quality on motion lawn, United States Golf Association (USGA) passes through years of researches, propose the physicochemical character proposed standard of green turfgrass bed, this standard by each type games lawn of countries in the world build adopt, become the authoritative standard that lawn of moving in the world is at present built.
The proposed standard of USGA green level ground bed is for main matrix material with the medium coarse sand of high standard, sand grains footpath selected by requirement is mainly based on the medium coarse sand of 0.25 ~ 0.50mm, and the ratio defining medium coarse sand should higher than 60%, and the very coarse sand ratio that wherein particle diameter is greater than 1.00mm should be less than 10%, the very fine sand ratio that particle diameter is less than 0.05mm should be less than 5%.The anti-ability that hardens of chiltern matrix of such preparation is strong, water percolating capacity is strong, not easily compacting, to harden, but it is to confinement capabilities all extreme differences of moisture and nutrient, need to keep the skin wet continually and could maintain the demand of lawn normal growth with nutrition, also easily cause the leaching of Nutrient Elements in Soil to run off simultaneously, pollute surrounding enviroment.In order to improve the confinement capabilities of chiltern level ground bed to moisture and nutrient, generally all the fiber-like organic improving materials such as the peat composed of rotten mosses can be added.But, because peat composed of rotten mosses fiber adds to after in the bed of chiltern level ground, original capillary pipe structure can be blocked, cause the remarkable decline of chiltern level ground bed infiltration capacity, Cui Jianyu etc. (circulate a notice of by soil, 2009, research 40:1018-1021) is pointed out, after adding 20% peat composed of rotten mosses (0.5mm), the permeability of chiltern level ground bed have decreased to 0.078m/hr from original 0.401m/hr, the minimum standard of the level ground bed substrate specified lower than USGA proposed standard, namely 0.152m/hr(amounts to 6in/hr).Because motion lawn is along with the prolongation of service life, also can the continuous organic substance such as accumulation withered grass in the bed of level ground, and cause the continuous decrease year by year of level ground bed substrate permeability.Therefore the application of the peat composed of rotten mosses in the improvement of motion turfgrass bed is greatly limited, and need find and effectively can not only increase chiltern level ground bed to the confinement capabilities of moisture and nutrient and the desirable organic improving material that obviously can not reduce again its water percolating capacity.
Rice husk is the discarded object that paddy produces in Rice producing, and its main component is cellulose and lignin, and use value is less, becomes the burden of Rice Milling Enterprises.China is Rice Cropping country maximum in the world, and according to the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture, the annual rice hull waste produced about has 3,600 ten thousand tons.A large amount of rice husks that current China produces every year mainly as fuel to carry out digestion process.Rice husk can carbonize under anaerobic and hot conditions, manufacture rice husk carbon granule, pyrolysis temperature in preparation process is higher, the pH value of rice husk carbon granule also can be higher, our test proves, the pH value of the rice husk carbon granule adopting the pyrolysis temperature of 300 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C to make is 7.0 ~ 7.6, and its rate of water infiltration can reach 3.683m/hr, be 15 times of the peat composed of rotten mosses, and it does not have obvious difference to the confinement capabilities of moisture and nutrient and the peat composed of rotten mosses.And because the shape of rice husk compares evenly with size, the domain size distribution of made rice husk carbon granule is also relatively more even, easily mixes uniformly with sand grains.
Through finding the retrieval of prior art, Chinese patent literature CN102826919, publication date 2012-12-19, disclose one " lawn being matrix with biological particles charcoal is slow-release fertilizer dedicated and preparation method thereof ", this technology with the standby particle charcoal of the agriculture waste biomass-makings such as corncob, peanut shell, rice husk, edible fungi substrate for host material, utilize its many micropore, strong adsorption capacity, grow necessary nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutritive element compounds with lawn growth, it is slow-release fertilizer dedicated to make particulate biomass charcoal base lawn.The biological particles charcoal that this technology uses is the black bio matter charcoal particle that agriculture waste living beings are formed after imperfect combustion under low oxygen conditions, there is the multifrequency nature of similar soil humus, its absorption and keep the very capable of nutrient and moisture, the fertilizer prepared thus has certain sustained release performance, effectively can extend the fertilizer application period on lawn.But the defect of this technology and deficiency are:
1) fertilizer mainly spreads fertilizer over the fields on the blade of lawn by this technology, after fertilizer is absorbed by lawn, these residual charcoal matrix can aggravate the formation of lawn base portion organic horizon, due to these organic matters to the confinement capabilities of moisture and nutrient far above soil below, lawn root system can be guided only to grow in organic horizon, cause lawn root system excessively shallow, drought-resistant ability significantly declines; In addition, the organic horizon of lawn base portion is also the hotbed of pathogen breeding, easily causes disease.Therefore, need to increase destructive operations such as dredging grass, punching after charcoal matrix Term Fertilization, the accumulation of lawn organic horizon could be controlled.
2) even if can apply in Soil of Lawn Seed bed by mixed for charcoal matrix fertilizer when turf establishment, but the amount of application of fertilizer, once more than 50 grams/m (about level ground bed substrate volume 0.02%), will cause the burning grass phenomenon on lawn because fertilizer element is excessive.And the charcoal only added in the whole level ground bed of 30 cm thicks lower than 0.02% ratio, the physicochemical character of Soil of Lawn Seed bed is not also significantly acted on.
3) with particle charcoal prepared by the agriculture industry abandoned biomass such as corncob, peanut shell, rice husk, edible fungi substrate, due to the difference of its raw material sources, the physicochemical character of its particle charcoal prepared also can there are differences, and can have influence on the stability of product quality.On the motion such as golf course, the football pitch lawn that quality requirements is high, need stable organic amendment to optimize the level ground bed proterties on motion lawn.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to prior art above shortcomings, a kind of motion turfgrass bed matrix based on rice husk carbon granule and confinement capabilities optimization method thereof are proposed, solve the raising of the confinement capabilities of moisture and nutrient in the improvement of motion chiltern level ground, lawn bed and rate of water infiltration declines between contradiction, be again the approach that a large amount of rice hull waste of China have found an efficiency utilization on the other hand.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of motion turfgrass bed matrix based on rice husk carbon granule, formed by the sand of uniform particle sizes and rice husk carbon granule Homogeneous phase mixing, wherein: the ratio of rice husk carbon granule is 1 ~ 40% (v/v), the ratio of medium coarse sand is 99 ~ 60% (v/v).
In described sand, particle diameter is that the ratio of 0.25 ~ 0.50mm is greater than 60%, and domain size distribution meets the proposed standard of U.S. USGA.
The carbonization that described rice husk carbon granules carries out 300 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C under anaerobic by rice husk is prepared from, and the pH value of the rice husk carbon granule after pyrolysis is 7.0 ~ 7.6.
Described Homogeneous phase mixing adopts agitator sand and rice husk carbon granule to be mixed.
The unit weight of described level ground bed substrate formula is between 0.23 ~ 1.10g/cm3, and general porosity is between 41 ~ 55%, and rate of water infiltration is between 1.77 ~ 2.79m/hr, and specific retention is between 12 ~ 40%.
The present invention relates to the confinement capabilities optimization method of the above-mentioned motion turfgrass bed matrix based on rice husk carbon granule, by after building described level ground bed substrate is laid in place, level ground bed substrate carries out lawn plant plantation; By level ground bed substrate, the confinement capabilities of moisture and nutrient is realized to the improvement of the nutrition condition to motion lawn, thus make motion lawn growth more healthy and stronger.
Described to include but not limited to building place: professional football pitch, integrated motion field, golf course or lawn, park.
Described laying refers to: level ground bed is carried out in the place directly adopting construction vehicle to be transported to by the level ground bed substrate mixed to build and establishes, the laying depth of level ground bed substrate controls at 20 ~ 30cm, strikes off, compacting; Or first medium coarse sand and rice husk carbon granule interlayer are being laid building on place, after laying with rotovator back and forth rotary tillage carry out on-the-spot mixture operation 3 ~ 5 times, final blading compacting.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that different rice husk carbon granule ratio of the present invention is to the improved effect schematic diagram of the maximum specific retention of level ground bed substrate.
Fig. 2 is that different rice husk carbon granule ratio of the present invention is to the improved effect schematic diagram of level ground bed substrate moisture penetration speed.
Fig. 3 is that different rice husk carbon granule ratio of the present invention is to the improved effect schematic diagram of level ground bed substrate unit weight.
Fig. 4 is that different rice husk carbon granule ratio of the present invention is to the improved effect of level ground bed substrate total porosity.
Embodiment
Elaborate to embodiments of the invention below, the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
Lawn, football field is optimized: the level ground bed substrate formula of employing is: the rice husk carbon granule (volume ratio) of the sand+20% of 80%.
After the compacting of football Slag, drainage system and irrigation system installation, gravel layer have been laid, lay the level ground of the present invention bed substrate formula mixed, level ground bed substrate formula adopts the sand of 80% and the rice husk carbon granule of 20% to mix by volume.On concrete floor near the pitch of building, the rice husk carbon granule of the sand of 80% volume and 20% volume is dropped in special agitator, namely the football piece of smooth land bed substrate mixed is defined after stirring, directly loaded to be transported to by truck and level ground bed is carried out in pitch just under construction establish, matrix laying depth is 30cm.After level ground bed has been established, strike off, compacting, water the operation of permeable laggard row planting lawn.
The rate of water infiltration of the level ground bed substrate laid is about 2.54m/hr, and maximum specific retention is about 20%, and unit weight is 1.3g/cm
3left and right, total porosity wants about 48%.The overall physical chemical property of level ground bed substrate is better than the fertilizer index of USGA.
The plantation of Football Field Turf and maintenance management are with conventional.After planting lawn, because the indexs such as the rate of water infiltration of level ground bed substrate, maximum specific retention, porosity improve all to some extent, the growth rate of turf establishment phase improves 16% than the contrast of sharp sand matrix, and the turf-establishment time on lawn shortens 10 days.
After Cheng Ping, lawn growth is healthy and strong, and the individual plant dry matter on lawn reaches more than 3 times of sharp sand contrast.Lawn after Cheng Ping is starkly lower than the contrast of sharp sand matrix to the requirement of irrigating and apply fertilizer, but its range estimation quality and resistance to trample ability are all higher than the contrast of sharp sand matrix.
Embodiment 2
Golf course lawn used as putting green is optimized: the level ground bed substrate formula of employing is: the rice husk carbon granule (volume ratio) of the sand+15% of 85%.
After used as putting green consolidation, drainage system installation, gravel layer have been laid, lay the level ground of the present invention bed substrate formula mixed, level ground bed substrate formula adopts the sand of 85% and the rice husk carbon granule of 15% to mix by volume.The mixing of matrix is selected to carry out on heap sand field, the rice husk carbon granule of the sand of 85% volume and 15% volume is dropped in special agitator, namely the Golf green mixed special level ground bed substrate is defined after stirring, the chipping area territory of building is transported to again by truck load, carry out level ground bed to establish, level ground bed substrate laying depth is 30cm.After level ground bed has been established, strike off, compacting, water permeable laggard row and broadcast sowing creeping bentgrass lawn seed.
The rate of water infiltration of the level ground bed substrate laid is about 2.28m/hr, and maximum specific retention is about 17%, and unit weight is 1.4g/cm
3left and right, total porosity wants about 46%.The overall physical chemical property of level ground bed substrate is better than the fertilizer index in USGA fruit ridge.
The sowing of green turf and young level ground maintenance management are with conventional.Between the emergence rate of lawn seed contrasts with sharp sand, difference is not obvious, but the growth rate of creeping bentgrass seedling improves about 20% than the contrast of sharp sand matrix, root length adds 50% than sharp sand contrast, lawn tiller number adds more than 60% than sharp sand contrast, and the turf-establishment time on lawn shortens about 10 days.
After Cheng Ping, lawn growth is healthy and strong, and the individual plant dry matter on lawn is more than 2 times of sharp sand contrast.Lawn after Cheng Ping is starkly lower than the contrast of sharp sand matrix to the requirement of irrigating and apply fertilizer, but its range estimation quality and resistance to trample ability are all higher than the contrast of sharp sand matrix.
Embodiment 3
School physical education sports turf is optimized: the level ground bed substrate formula of employing is: the rice husk carbon granule (volume ratio) of the sand+30% of 70%.
After the installation of school's sports ground consolidation, drainage system and irrigation system, gravel layer have been laid, first lay one deck and be about the thick sand of 10cm, the thick rice husk carbon granule of about 5cm is laid again on sand layer, with rotovator rotary tillage 2 times back and forth after laying, rotary tillage severity control at about 12cm, to guarantee that the blade of rotary tillage can not touch gravel layer below; After rotary tillage, then lay the thick sand of about 10cm and the thick rice husk carbon granule of about 5cm successively above, again carry out rotary tillage back and forth 3 times with rotovator, the rotary tillage degree of depth of current rotovator is transferred to about 20cm, guarantees sand to mix with rice husk carbon granule.After rotary tillage completes, with planisher, level ground bed substrate is struck off, then use the road roller of half ton of weight by level ground bed compacting, water the operation of permeable laggard row planting lawn.
The rate of water infiltration of the level ground bed substrate laid is about 2.67m/hr, and maximum specific retention is about 27%, and unit weight is 1.1g/cm
3left and right, total porosity wants about 53%.The overall physical chemical property of level ground bed substrate is better than the fertilizer index of USGA.
The plantation of Football Field Turf and maintenance management are with conventional.Because the indexs such as the rate of water infiltration of level ground bed substrate, maximum specific retention, porosity improve all to some extent, the growth rate of turf establishment phase improves 25% than the contrast of sharp sand matrix, and the turf-establishment time on lawn shortens 15 days.
After Cheng Ping, lawn growth is healthy and strong, and the individual plant dry matter on lawn reaches about 4 times of sharp sand contrast.Lawn after Cheng Ping is starkly lower than the contrast of sharp sand matrix to the requirement of irrigating and apply fertilizer, but its range estimation quality and resistance to trample ability are all higher than the contrast of sharp sand matrix.
Claims (5)
1. based on a motion turfgrass bed matrix for rice husk carbon granule, it is characterized in that, formed by the sand of uniform particle sizes and rice husk carbon granule Homogeneous phase mixing, wherein: the ratio of rice husk carbon granule is 30,20 or 15%v/v, and the ratio of sand corresponds to 70,80 or 85%v/v;
The carbonization that described rice husk carbon granule carries out 300 DEG C ~ 350 DEG C under anaerobic by rice husk is prepared from, and the pH value of the rice husk carbon granule after pyrolysis is 7.0 ~ 7.6;
The unit weight of described level ground bed substrate formula is at 0.23 ~ 1.10 g/cm
3between, total porosity is between 41 ~ 55%, and rate of water infiltration is between 1.77 ~ 2.79m/hr, and specific retention is between 12 ~ 40%.
2. level ground according to claim 1 bed substrate, is characterized in that, in described sand, particle diameter is that the ratio of 0.25 ~ 0.50mm is greater than 60%.
3. level ground according to claim 1 bed substrate, is characterized in that, described Homogeneous phase mixing adopts agitator sand and rice husk carbon granule to be mixed.
4. according to a described application based on the motion turfgrass bed matrix of rice husk carbon granule arbitrary in claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, by after building described level ground bed substrate is laid in place, level ground bed substrate carries out lawn plant plantation; By level ground bed substrate, the confinement capabilities of moisture and nutrient is realized to the improvement of the nutrition condition to motion lawn, thus make motion lawn growth more healthy and stronger;
Described laying refers to: level ground bed is carried out in the place directly adopting construction vehicle to be transported to by the level ground bed substrate mixed to build and establishes, the laying depth of level ground bed substrate controls at 20 ~ 30 cm, strikes off, compacting.
5. application according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described comprises building place: professional football pitch, integrated motion field, golf course or lawn, park.
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103798113A (en) * | 2014-02-13 | 2014-05-21 | 王新 | Carbonization rice husk lawn and production process thereof |
| CN108377892A (en) * | 2018-01-24 | 2018-08-10 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of method that ceramics grain is mixed into root zone to improve movement lawn wear tolerance |
| CN108901643A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-11-30 | 江苏省中国科学院植物研究所 | A kind of level ground bed method of construction improving movement lawn wear tolerance |
| TWI756149B (en) * | 2021-06-25 | 2022-02-21 | 陳建家 | Modular planting material for natural turf in sports field and its manufacturing process |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1059069A (en) * | 1990-08-24 | 1992-03-04 | 山田功男 | Method of planting trees in drying region |
| CN1685788A (en) * | 2005-05-08 | 2005-10-26 | 上海交通大学 | Roof lawn used as putting green of golf |
| CN102826919A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-19 | 上海孚祥生物科技有限公司 | Special slow release fertilizer for lawn using biomass granular carbon as substrate and preparation method thereof |
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