CN103348905B - Propagation method for healthy sugarcane seedlings in temporary planting nursery - Google Patents
Propagation method for healthy sugarcane seedlings in temporary planting nursery Download PDFInfo
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- CN103348905B CN103348905B CN201310331198.7A CN201310331198A CN103348905B CN 103348905 B CN103348905 B CN 103348905B CN 201310331198 A CN201310331198 A CN 201310331198A CN 103348905 B CN103348905 B CN 103348905B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a propagation method for healthy sugarcane seedlings in a temporary planting nursery. The method comprises the following steps: (1) cultivating sugarcane virus-free seed stems in the temporary planting nursery; (2) performing successive multiplication culture on the sugarcane virus-free seed stems in the temporary planting nursery; (3) sprouting and raising seedlings in nutritious cups; (4) propagating or planting the seedlings in the nutritious cups; and the like. According to the method, a temporary planting nursery propagation technology is adopted in a healthy sugarcane seedling seed production and propagation process to achieve the purpose of saving the land resource; meanwhile, the reinfection rates of both ratoon stunting disease and mosaic disease of each stage of seedling field are lower than those of the conventional method. By applying the method, intensive and standardized management can be realized, and the propagation efficiency is improved; the method has a positive promotion effect on the generalization and promotion of the healthy sugarcane seedlings.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cane seedling multiplication technique field, relate in particular to a kind of sugarcane health seedling and heel in nursery expanding propagation method.
Background technology
Sugarcane is asexually propagated crop, through continuous asexual reserving seed for planting after plantation for many years, repeatedly the infecting and accumulate in plant of multiple pathogen, particularly sugarcane ratoon stunting disease, mosaic disease etc. cause good strains of seeds to be degenerated after cannot infecting sugarcane by the disease of chemicals control, its Quality and yield constantly declines, can to production, cause great loss, serious threat cane planting Industrial Security.In production, kind 30 ﹪ of application infect mosaic disease above, and 100 ﹪ infect ratoon stunting disease.Utilize tissue culture technique to produce Virus-free seedcane, can realize sugarcane production and poison by kind of a healthy nothing, the kind of sugarcane improved seeds is kept, output and the quality of sugarcane are further enhanced.At present, sugarcane health seedling land for growing field crops is expanded numerous stage one-level seedling field and is adopted thin planting spermaduct, general every 667m more
2plantation 1500～2000 strains, line-spacing 1～1.2m, spacing in the rows 0.3～0.5m; The plantation of secondary seedling field is with conventional land for growing field crops.This kind of expanding propagation method need take a large amount of land resources, and this is also that current sugarcane health seedling still cannot be realized the one of the main reasons of penetration and promotion.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly economizes the land resource, reduces pathogen infection rate and the sugarcane health seedling that increases the total bud number of unit are are heeled in nursery expanding propagation method again.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
Sugarcane health seedling is heeled in nursery expanding propagation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) heel in the cultivation (90～120 days) of Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties in nursery
Should proceed to secondary nursery or land for growing field crops and expand numerous sugarcane detoxication health seedling and continue to be retained on seedbed and cultivate, on seedbed sugarcane health seedling heel in density: spacing in the rows 5～10 ㎝, line-spacing 10～15 ㎝; Through the cultivation of 90～120 days, can cultivate the Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties with 7～11 effective buds, stem footpath is 0.5～1.2 ㎝;
(2) shoot proliferation of heeling in Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties in nursery is cultivated (incubation time is cultivated algebraically depending on propagation)
After the Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties that step (1) is cultivated is cut receipts, be cut into stem-segment with single bud, according to the specification of spacing in the rows 5～10 ㎝, line-spacing 10～15 ㎝, plant in heeling on the seedbed in nursery; Through the cultivations of 90～120 days, can cultivate the Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties with 7～11 effective buds, stem footpath is 0.5～1.2 ㎝; Now can cut sowing stem and in heeling in nursery, carry out follow-on propagation cultivation by aforementioned specification and method, every culture time is 90～120 days, according to the quantity required of sugarcane health seedling, determines the algebraically that propagation is cultivated;
(3) nutrition cup Pregermination and seedling breeding (45～60 days)
The Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties that step (1) or (2) are cultivated is chopped to stem-segment with single bud, is placed in nutrition cup and carries out vernalization; Nutrition cup specification is 6.5～10cm * 6.5～10cm, stem-segment with single bud is generally placed in the upper position of nutrition cup, nutrition cup is placed a stem-segment with single bud, and in nutrition cup, filling quality, than the yellow mud of 1:1 and river sand as vernalization medium, is then thrown into nutrition cup one-tenth railway carriage or compartment, level land; Drench sufficient water, keep vernalization medium in moisture state; Through the vernalization of 6～15 days, sugarcane bud can be sprouted unearthed; Sugarcane bud is sprouted unearthed follow-up management with the seedling management in conventional nursery, through the cultivation of 45～60 days, more than the false stem height of nutritive cup seedlings can reach 15cm, more than false stem slightly can reach 0.4cm.
Seedbed seedling medium is yellow mud, river sand or its mixture other seedling culture mediums or its mixture of moisturizing and airing function (or possess) simultaneously in step (2).
In step (3), nutrition cup is put in greenhouse or plastic tunnel when temperature is low.
Above-mentioned sugarcane health seedling is heeled in nursery expanding propagation method, further comprising the steps of:
(4) expansion of nutritive cup seedlings numerous or plantation
The detection method of stipulating with reference to the relevant sugarcane detoxication seedling industry standard of country and be with malicious recall rate and grade scale, sampling Detection nutritive cup seedlings, qualified nutritive cup seedlings can be used as breeder's stock, original seed or produces or production field planting numerous with the expansion that kind enters next stage.
It is to start plantation in seedling breeding land for growing field crops that existing sugarcane health seedling expands numerous, Planting Row Distance 1～1.2m, spacing in the rows 0.3～0.5m, management is with conventional cane planting management, on average within every about 6 months, cut receipts once, the sugarcane ratoon stunting disease in seedlings at different levels field and the infection rate again of mosaic disease are higher.
For this reason, inventor sets up a kind of sugarcane health seedling and heels in nursery expanding propagation method, in the sugarcane health seedling production of hybrid seeds, expands in numerous process, adopts and heels in nursery multiplication technique, reaches the object economizing the land resource; Meanwhile, the sugarcane ratoon stunting disease in seedlings at different levels field and the infection rate again of mosaic disease are all lower than conventional method.Application the present invention can realize intensive, standardized management and improve and expand numerous efficiency, to accelerating the penetration and promotion of sugarcane health seedling, has played positive impetus.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
On certain market, the demand of sugarcane health seedling is 5,000 ten thousand strains, the former seedling quantity that sugarcane health seedling is heeled in nursery is 500,000 strains, this batch of former seedling plan is colonizated in the large Tanaka of seedling breeding March 1 to April 15 then and expands numerous after cultivation is heeled in secondary nursery, now change into and use the present invention to heel in nursery expanding propagation method to expand numerously, specific implementation process is as follows:
(1) heel in the cultivation (90 days) of Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties in nursery
Should proceed to secondary nursery or land for growing field crops and expand numerous sugarcane detoxication health seedling and continue to be retained on seedbed and cultivate, on seedbed sugarcane health seedling heel in density: spacing in the rows 6 ㎝, line-spacing 12 ㎝; Through the cultivation of 90 days, cultivate average every Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties with 7 effective buds, average stem footpath is 0.6 ㎝; The proportion of goods damageds that cause because of reasons such as windbreaks in cultivating process be under the 10%(of former seedling sum with), now the total effectively bud number on Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties is in nursery: (50-50 * 10%) ten thousand * 7 buds /=315(ten thousand buds).
(2) shoot proliferation of heeling in Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties in nursery is cultivated (incubation time is cultivated algebraically depending on propagation)
After the Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties that step (1) is cultivated is cut receipts, be cut into stem-segment with single bud, according to the specification of spacing in the rows 6 ㎝, line-spacing 12 ㎝, plant on the seedbed of heeling in nursery (seedbed seedling medium is yellow mud and the river sand of mass ratio 1:1); Through the cultivations of 90 days, can cultivate average every Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties with 7 effective buds, average stem footpath is 0.6 ㎝.By effective bud bud ratio be generally under 80%(with) calculate, now the total effectively bud number on Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties is in nursery: (315 * 80%-315 * 80% * 10%) ten thousand * 7 buds /=226.8 ten thousand * 7 buds /=1587.6(ten thousand buds).If now directly enter step, (3) grow seedlings, can obtain seedling number and be: 1587.6(ten thousand buds) * 80%=1270.08(ten thousand strains), do not reach the quantity of demand 5,000 ten thousand strains; If all subculture expansion is numerous, can obtain seedling quantity: (1587.6 * 80%-1587.6 * 80% * 10%) ten thousand * 7 buds/* 80%=6401.2032 ten thousand strains, surpass quantity demand.Therefore can cut receiving portions kind stem carries out follow-on propagation cultivation by aforementioned specification and method in heeling in nursery, and remaining part directly proceeds to the cultivation of next step.If cut receiving portions kind stem carries out subculture by above-mentioned specification and method to expand numerous kind stem quantity is x in heeling in nursery, have (7x * 80%-7x * 80% * 10%) ten thousand * 7 buds/* 80%+(315-x) ten thousand * 7 buds/* 80%=5000(ten thousand young plants), solve an equation and can obtain ten thousand of x=143.0339, should cut and take in row subculture to expand numerous kind stem quantity be 143.0339 ten thousand, directly enter the kind stem quantity that (3) step cultivate and be: ten thousand of 226.8-143.0339=83.7661.By needing subculture to expand numerous seedling, be all chopped to after stem-segment with single bud, according to spacing in the rows 6 ㎝, the specification of line-spacing 12 ㎝ is planted in heeling on the seedbed in nursery, and seedbed seedling medium is the yellow mud of mass ratio 1:1 and the mixture of river sand.Through the cultivations of 90 days, can cultivate average every Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties with 7 effective buds, stem footpath mean value is 0.6 ㎝, and now in nursery, the total effectively bud number on Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties is: (7 * 143.0339 * 80%-7 * 143.0339 * 80% * 10%) ten thousand * 7 buds/* 80%=4036.9888(ten thousand buds).Therefore, in the present embodiment, the shoot proliferation incubation time of 83.7661 ten thousand seedlings is a generation, 90 days; Separately there are two culture seedlings: ten thousand of (7 * 143.0339 * 80%-7 * 143.0339 * 80% * 10%)=576.7127(), the shoot proliferation incubation time of 576.7127 ten thousand seedlings was two generations, 180 days.
(3) nutrition cup Pregermination and seedling breeding (50 days)
The Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties of the process generation that step (2) is cultivated and the propagation cultivation of two generations is chopped to stem-segment with single bud, is placed in nutrition cup and carries out vernalization; Nutrition cup specification is 6.5cm * 6.5cm, and stem-segment with single bud is generally placed in the upper position of nutrition cup, and nutrition cup is placed a stem-segment with single bud, and in nutrition cup, filling quality, than the yellow mud of 1:1 and river sand as vernalization medium, is then thrown into nutrition cup one-tenth railway carriage or compartment, level land; When temperature is low, put in greenhouse or plastic tunnel; Drench sufficient water, keep vernalization medium in moisture state; Through the vernalization of 6～15 days, sugarcane bud can be sprouted unearthed; Sugarcane bud is sprouted unearthed follow-up management with the seedling management in conventional nursery, through the cultivation of 50 days, more than the false stem height of nutritive cup seedlings has reached 15cm, more than false stem has slightly reached 0.4cm.
(4) expansion of nutritive cup seedlings numerous or plantation
The band poison rate that the nutritive cup seedlings of cultivating is carried out to corn mosaic virus (SrMV), corn mosaic virus (ScMV) and sugarcane ratoon stunting disease pathogen (Lxx or Cxx) with reference to the detection method of the relevant sugarcane detoxication seedling industry standard regulation of country detects, grade scale according to it with the relevant sugarcane detoxication seedling industry standard regulation of malicious recall rate and country, the nutritive cup seedlings of the present embodiment can be used as breeder's stock, original seed or produces or production field planting numerous with the expansion that kind enters next stage.
Table 1 embodiment 1 with conventional expanding propagation method to each for the contrast of subinfection again of sugarcane health seedling pathogen
As shown in Table 1, a generation of the present invention and two generation sugarcane health seedling pathogen infection rate again all lower than conventional expanding propagation method, especially two generation sugarcane health seedling pathogen the difference of infection rate again particularly remarkable.In addition, this table also shows, use conventional expanding propagation method two generation sugarcane health seedling the infection rate again of corn mosaic virus (SrMV) reach 4%, the index that has surpassed band poison recall rate≤3% of national sector standard regulated commodity kind stem, the band poison recall rate of corn mosaic virus (ScMV) and sugarcane ratoon stunting disease pathogen (Lxx or Cxx) also approaches this critical value, a generation of embodiment 1 and two generation sugarcane health seedling corresponding data far below this critical value, there is higher safety.Therefore, application the present invention can effectively reduce sugarcane health seedling pathogen infection rate and business risk again, and it is less to take farmland area, intensive, the standardized management of being more convenient for.
Claims (4)
1. sugarcane health seedling is heeled in a nursery expanding propagation method, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
(1) heel in the cultivation of Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties in nursery
Should proceed to secondary nursery or land for growing field crops and expand numerous sugarcane detoxication health seedling and continue to be retained on seedbed and cultivate, on seedbed sugarcane health seedling heel in density: spacing in the rows 5～10 ㎝, line-spacing 10～15 ㎝; Through the cultivation of 90～120 days, can cultivate the Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties with 7～11 effective buds, stem footpath is 0.5～1.2 ㎝;
(2) shoot proliferation of heeling in Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties in nursery is cultivated
After the Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties that step (1) is cultivated is cut receipts, be cut into stem-segment with single bud, according to the specification of spacing in the rows 5～10 ㎝, line-spacing 10～15 ㎝, plant in heeling on the seedbed in nursery; Through the cultivations of 90～120 days, can cultivate the Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties with 7～11 effective buds, stem footpath is 0.5～1.2 ㎝; Now can cut sowing stem and in heeling in nursery, carry out follow-on propagation cultivation by aforementioned specification and method, every culture time is 90～120 days, according to the quantity required of sugarcane health seedling, determines the algebraically that propagation is cultivated;
(3) nutrition cup Pregermination and seedling breeding
The Seed-stem with Virus-free of Different Sugarcane Varieties that step (1) or (2) are cultivated is chopped to stem-segment with single bud, is placed in nutrition cup and carries out vernalization; Nutrition cup specification is 6.5～10cm * 6.5～10cm, stem-segment with single bud is placed in the upper position of nutrition cup, nutrition cup is placed a stem-segment with single bud, and in nutrition cup, filling quality, than the yellow mud of 1:1 and river sand as vernalization medium, is then thrown into nutrition cup one-tenth railway carriage or compartment, level land; Drench sufficient water, keep vernalization medium in moisture state; Through the vernalization of 6～15 days, sugarcane bud can be sprouted unearthed; Sugarcane bud is sprouted unearthed follow-up management with the seedling management in conventional nursery, through the cultivation of 45～60 days, more than the false stem height of nutritive cup seedlings can reach 15cm, more than false stem slightly can reach 0.4cm.
2. sugarcane health seedling according to claim 1 is heeled in nursery expanding propagation method, it is characterized in that in step (2), seedbed seedling medium is that mass ratio is the yellow mud of 1:1 and the mixture of river sand.
3. sugarcane health seedling according to claim 1 is heeled in nursery expanding propagation method, it is characterized in that in step (3), nutrition cup is put in greenhouse or plastic tunnel when temperature is low.
4. sugarcane health seedling according to claim 1 is heeled in nursery expanding propagation method, characterized by further comprising following steps: the numerous or plantation of the expansion of (4) nutritive cup seedlings
Sampling Detection nutritive cup seedlings, qualified nutritive cup seedlings is as breeder's stock, original seed or produce or production field planting numerous with the expansion that kind enters next stage.
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| CN104054484B (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2016-09-14 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of method improving cane seedlings transplanting success |
| CN106342671A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Method for cultivating healthy sugarcane plants |
| CN110741900A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-02-04 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Improved field test method for evaluating sugarcane hybridization combination |
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| CN101637087A (en) * | 2009-08-26 | 2010-02-03 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | Propagation method of hot-water detoxified seedlings of sugarcane |
| CN102696371B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-12-18 | 雷选 | Sugarcane node bud seedling raising and cultivating method |
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