CN103333028B - Preparation method and application of fertilizer capable of preventing facility soil salinization - Google Patents
Preparation method and application of fertilizer capable of preventing facility soil salinization Download PDFInfo
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- CN103333028B CN103333028B CN201310232229.3A CN201310232229A CN103333028B CN 103333028 B CN103333028 B CN 103333028B CN 201310232229 A CN201310232229 A CN 201310232229A CN 103333028 B CN103333028 B CN 103333028B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
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- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a fertilizer capable of preventing facility soil salinization. The method comprises the following steps: (1) producing a high-tower urine sulfur-based compound fertilizer according to the prior art; (2) screening the granulated material, wherein the particle size conforms to the standard as a urine sulfur-based compound fertilizer product, and large particles with the particle size of greater than 4.75mm and fine powder of less of 1mm are used as returned raw materials of the fertilizer capable of preventing soil salinization; and (3) mixing the high-tower urine sulfur-based compound fertilizer returned materials obtained in the step (2) and diammonium phosphate, pulverizing, adding potassium fulvate and a nitrification inhibitor, and granulating to obtain the fertilizer capable of preventing facility soil salinization. By combining the production of the high-tower urine sulfur-based compound fertilizer with the preparation of the fertilizer capable of preventing facility soil salinization, the technique is simple, and saves the production cost of the high-tower urine sulfur-based compound fertilizer and the fertilizer capable of preventing facility soil salinization; and the invention reduces the salt content in soil, and is beneficial to favorable growth of crops.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method and application that utilizes high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charge production to prevent facility soil salinization fertilizer, belong to fertilizer production technology field.
Background technology
Traditional soil salinization mainly refers to, in arid, semiarid zone, because climate reasons makes evaporation from soil strong, cause underground water to rise along soil capillary, salinity with on move, moisture dissipates in atmosphere with evaporative process, salinity is stayed upper soll layer, when salt ion runs up to a certain degree, just there is the soil salinization.Salt ion in salinization soil forms with underground water ion and forms and difference, is mainly chlorine, sodium, sulfate radical, calcium, magnesium etc.In recent years, except this soil salinization causing due to underground water, there is a kind of novel salinization soil, i.e. the salinification of facility soil.Compare the Ca in plastic shed soil with periphery open country
2+, Mg
2+, K
+, Na
+, SO4
2-, Cl
-, NO
3 -content has increased respectively 0.20～1.00,2.56～4.70,4.43～18.43,1.57～1.66,0.53～1.89,0.43～1.13,1.22～5.66 times, wherein, and K
+, NO
3 -rangeability maximum.According to investigations, the K of 10 years canopy soil in age
+, NO
3 -content is respectively 18.43 and 5.66 times of open country soil, and K
+and NO
3 -mainly by fertilising, brought into.
Research shows, when soil salt content >=0.1%, there is growing barrier in various degree in vegetable seedling, root growth and development is suppressed, and when temperature is slightly high, some high highland barley crop plant is wilted, increasing irrigation quantity can not alleviate, plant bulk-growth is weak, and resistibility reduces, and easily causes disease.
Facility soil throughout the year in sealing or semi-enclosed state, rainwater can not be directly the salt leaching of topsoil outside field or underground; When canopy chamber crop is watered, for preventing that canopy indoor humidity from increasing and ground temperature declines, the normal irrigation method that adopts " little water duty is watered ".Because irrigation quantity is few, unnecessary salt ion can not be taken to deep subsoil; In addition, in facility, temperature is high, and soil water evaporation amount is large, makes deep layer moisture constantly by moving in topsoil soils capillary action, takes the salinity in deep subsoil to top layer and assembles.
The facility soil salinization is that its special ecoclimatic condition causes, and wherein unreasonable fertilising is one of its reason, mainly contains that rate of fertilizer application is excessive, nutrient ion proportioning is unreasonable and the interpolation of unwanted ion.Up to the present, yet there are no the report of the fertilizer and preparation method thereof that reduces the facility soil salinization from the nutrient ion composition aspect of fertilizer.
CN1130165A(95110313.X) relate to improved fertilizer for hortriculture saline-alkali soil and preparation method thereof, CN1958527A (200510022006.X) discloses a kind of ammonium sulfite fertilizer, and CN101066901 (200710071997.X) is a kind of Soline alkali resisting rice fertilizer.Above-mentioned fertilizer is mainly to utilize modifying agent, and as phosphogypsum, furfural dregs etc. coordinates the object that reaches improvement saline-alkali soil with nutrient, and the chemical fertilizer raw material relating to and composition thereof are not paid close attention to the impact of soil salt.
High tower urine S-based compound fertilizer is one of main fertilizer variety of China, and it is to take urea as major nitrogen source, and potassium sulfate is main potassium source, coordinates other fertilizer materials, by a kind of compound manure of high tower prilling explained hereafter.High tower urine S-based compound fertilizer in process of production nearly 10% product particle particle diameter does not meet product standard, needs returning charge granulation again, wastes energy, and increases fertiliser production cost.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides the preparation method that the coproduction of a kind of high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer.High tower is urinated in production of sulfur-based compound fertilizer process to approximately 10% returning charge for the raw material of fertilizer of the present invention, can be saved its process of melting again.
Term explanation:
The soil salinization: refer to the process that in soil, soluble salt segregant increases gradually, after salinity acquires a certain degree, edatope variation, structure deteriorate, soil solution concentration increases, crop root water suction difficulty, poor growth, causes the underproduction.The soil salinization of the present invention mainly refers to facility soil.
Summary of the invention
The present invention urinates production of sulfur-based compound fertilizer by high tower and combines with the preparation that prevents soil salinization fertilizer, first utilize returning charge that high tower urine production of sulfur-based compound fertilizer process produces directly as a part that prevents the fertile raw material of the soil salinization, then coordinate diammonium phosphate, nitrification inhibitor etc. to make to prevent that the soil salinization is fertile.Processing method of the present invention is easy, saves high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer and the production cost that prevents the fertile two kinds of fertilizer of the soil salinization; Reduce soil salt quantity, be conducive to the good growth of crop.Through overtesting, obtained good effect.
Detailed Description Of The Invention
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Prevent a preparation method for facility soil salinization fertilizer, comprise that step is as follows:
(1) produce high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer; comprise composite fertilizer material is mixed with stopping composition heating and melting, melting charge slurry is sprayed and is entered in prilling tower by prilling spry from the high column overhead of granulation, air intake at the bottom of tower; slip at the bottom of cooling granulating drops to tower from tower top decline process, completes granulation;
Wherein, described composite fertilizer material is comprised of urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, trace element fertilizer, urea: monoammonium phosphate: potassium sulfate: trace element fertilizer=1: 0.13～0.25: 0.4～0.7: 0.008～0.02 mass ratio;
(2), by the material screening after granulation, particle diameter conformance with standard 1～4.75mm urinates S-based compound fertilizer product as high tower; Particle diameter is greater than the macrobead of 4.75mm and is less than the fine powder of 1mm, is used for preventing the raw material of soil salinization fertilizer as returning charge.
(3) by mass parts, get 8～12 parts of step (2) high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charges, 2～5 parts of diammonium phosphate, mix, pulverize, add again 2～5 parts of potassium fulvates, 0.03～0.06 part of nitrification inhibitor, by prior art granulation, must prevent facility soil salinization fertilizer.
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (1) composite fertilizer material, quality is urea than proportioning: monoammonium phosphate: potassium sulfate: trace element fertilizer=1: 0.18～0.19: 0.5～0.6: 0.018～0.019.
Further preferred according to the present invention, step (1) composite fertilizer material proportion by weight is, 55 parts, urea, 10 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part, zinc sulfate.
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (1), trace element fertilizer used is selected from one of zinc sulfate, boric acid or combination.
Preferred according to the present invention, the stopping composition described in step (1) is selected one of zeolite powder, wilkinite or combination.The consumption of stopping composition is 2～6wt% of the whole raw material total amounts of high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer, preferably 3.8-4.2wt%.All raw material total amount is composite fertilizer material and stopping composition sum.
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (3), nitrification inhibitor is selected 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid (3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphate, abbreviation DMPP).
Preferred according to the present invention, in step (3), constituent mass part proportioning is, 10 parts of high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charges, 3 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of potassium fulvates, 0.05 part of nitrification inhibitor.
In the present invention, producing high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer is the high tower process by prior art, comprises that urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, trace element fertilizer and stopping composition are measured respectively, mix merga pass lifting gear to be transported in the well heater of high top of tower; At 100～140 ℃, be melt into slip; After slip is sprayed by prilling spry, more also by screening, process through the cooling granulating of high tower.
Raw material of the present invention is commercially available prod.
The application that prevents soil salinization fertilizer prepared by the present invention: be mainly used in the facility soil that rate of fertilizer application is larger, can make base manure or topdress.
Make base manure, in crop sowing or before transplanting, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields behind ground and turn over and bury.Fertilizer amount: amount to into 15～25 kilograms every mu of purity nitrogens, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide total amount.Or,
Topdress, ditch spread (or spreading manuer in holes) or punching are executed, during ditch spread (or spreading manuer in holes), and 3～5 centimetres of fertilization depths, every mu of consumption is amounted to into 10～15 kilograms of purity nitrogens, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide total amount; Punching while executing, is dissolved in the water fertilizer, with watering, uses, and each every mu of consumption is amounted to into 4～8 kilograms of purity nitrogens, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide total amount.
Excellent results of the present invention:
1. reduce the facility soil salinization
Fertilizer prepared by the inventive method reduces the soil salinization from three aspects, and the one, add nitrification inhibitor, extend the speed that urea transforms to nitric nitrogen, avoid rolling up of nitrate ion in a short time; The 2nd, reduce potash fertilizer ratio, reduce the accumulation of potassium ion in soil; Moreover, by potassium fulvate, adsorb the multiple solubility salinities such as ammonium in soil, potassium, calcium.Due to above effect, the soil salt increasing amount that fertilising causes is reduced, the speed of the soil salinization that slows down.
2. make full use of the returning charge of high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer
High tower urine S-based compound fertilizer in process of production nearly 10% product particle particle diameter does not meet product standard, needs returning charge granulation again.Waste of manpower, material resources, increase fertiliser production cost.But the composition of this part returning charge meets the compositing characteristic of fertilizer of the present invention, so it is directly used in to the raw material of fertilizer of the present invention, not only saved high tower urine production of sulfur-based compound fertilizer cost, the raw material storage in fertilizer of the present invention early stage, unpack, the process such as material loading reduces, and reduced production cost.
3. effect of increasing production is good
Fertilizer prepared by the present invention, owing to having reduced soil salt ion content, adds diammonium phosphate to supplement the deficiency of phosphorus element in the returning charge of high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer; Improved crop growth environment, effect of increasing production is good.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described, but be not limited to this.
Raw material consumption umber in embodiment is mass parts, and all per-cents are mass percent.Wherein, urea, diammonium phosphate, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, zinc sulfate, boric acid, potassium fulvate, wilkinite, zeolite powder are commercially available prod.Wherein, potassium fulvate, the sky, Liaocheng goods and materials company limited produces.Nitrification inhibitor 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid (DMPP), content 97.00%, U.S. J & K Chemical Co., Ltd. produces.
Embodiment 1:
The preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer, step is as follows:
(1) get 55 kilograms, urea, 10 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates, 30 kilograms of potassium sulfate, 1 kilogram, zinc sulfate, 4 kilograms of wilkinites; By prior art manufacture high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer, comprise that urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, trace element fertilizer and stopping composition are measured respectively, mix merga pass lifting gear to be transported in the well heater of high top of tower; At 100～140 ℃, be melt into slip; Melting charge slurry from spraying by prilling spry, the high column overhead of granulation is entered in prilling tower, air intake at the bottom of tower, and slip is from tower top decline process, and under the gas-flow resistance effect with rising, landing slowly, through the cooling granulating of high tower, at the bottom of falling tower, completes granulation.
(2), by the material screening after granulation, particle diameter conformance with standard 1～4.75mm urinates S-based compound fertilizer product as high tower; The fine powder that particle diameter is greater than the macrobead of 4.75mm and is less than 1mm is the raw material for fertilizer of the present invention as returning charge.
(3) get 10 kilograms of step (2) high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charges, 3 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, mix, pulverize, then add 3 kilograms of potassium fulvates, and 0.05 kilogram of nitrification inhibitor, by prior art granulation, must prevent soil salinization fertilizer.
Embodiment 2: prevent the preparation method of facility soil salinization fertilizer, step is as follows:
(1) get 50 kilograms, urea, 12 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates, 35 kilograms of potassium sulfate, 0.6 kilogram, zinc sulfate, 0.4 kilogram of boric acid, 2 kilograms of zeolite powders; By prior art manufacture high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer, described in embodiment 1, complete granulation.
(2), by the material screening after granulation, particle diameter conformance with standard 1～4.75mm urinates S-based compound fertilizer product as high tower; The fine powder that particle diameter is greater than the macrobead of 4.75mm and is less than 1mm is the raw material for fertilizer of the present invention as returning charge.
(3) get 8 kilograms of step (2) high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charges, 4 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, mix, pulverize, then add 2 kilograms of potassium fulvates, and 0.04 kilogram of nitrification inhibitor, by prior art granulation, must prevent soil salinization fertilizer.
Embodiment 3: the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer:
(1) get 60 kilograms, urea, 8 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates, 26 kilograms of potassium sulfate, 0.5 kilogram of boric acid, 3 kilograms of wilkinites, 2.5 kilograms of zeolite powders; By prior art manufacture high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer, described in embodiment 1, complete granulation.
(2), by the material screening after granulation, particle diameter conformance with standard 1～4.75mm urinates S-based compound fertilizer product as high tower; The fine powder that particle diameter is greater than the macrobead of 4.75mm and is less than 1mm is the raw material for fertilizer of the present invention as returning charge.
(3) get 12 kilograms of step (2) high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charges, 5 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, mix, pulverize, then add 5 kilograms of potassium fulvates, and 0.06 kilogram of nitrification inhibitor, by prior art granulation, obtains.
Embodiment 4: the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer:
(1) get 53 kilograms, urea, 11 kilograms of monoammonium phosphates, 32 kilograms of potassium sulfate, 0.8 kilogram, zinc sulfate, 3.2 kilograms of wilkinites; By prior art manufacture high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer, described in embodiment 1, complete granulation.
(2), by the material screening after granulation, particle diameter conformance with standard 1～4.75mm urinates S-based compound fertilizer product as high tower; The fine powder that particle diameter is greater than the macrobead of 4.75mm and is less than 1mm is the raw material for fertilizer of the present invention as returning charge.
(3) get 9 kilograms of step (2) high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charges, 2 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, mix, pulverize, then add 4 kilograms of potassium fulvates, and 0.03 kilogram of nitrification inhibitor, by prior art granulation, obtains.
Comparative example:
Common nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mass content of nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide is respectively 15wt%, 15wt%, 15wt%, and raw material nitrogenous fertilizer is urea, and potash fertilizer is potassium sulfate, and market is buied.
The effect of above embodiment 1～4 and comparative example is as follows:
Test site: Heze city of Shandong province, large ecological engineering company limited of Heze Nintaus test farm.
Test period: year July in April, 2012 to 2012.
For studying thing: cucumber, kind, the close thorn in Xintai City.
Adopt potted plantly, soil is taken from the greenhouse of Shouguang City, Shandong Province.If embodiment 1～4 and comparative example be totally 5 processing, each processes 10 basins.Embodiment 1～4 is identical with comparative example fertilizer amount, and amounting to into purity nitrogen, Vanadium Pentoxide in FLAKES, potassium oxide three total amount is 8 grams, per kilogram soil.Fertilizing method is before cucumber sowing, fertilizer is even with whole mixing with soil.During cucumber growth, every 20 days, fetch earth and measure specific conductivity and nitrate ion, average.Effect is in Table 1.
Table 1 is compared the application test result of embodiment 1～4 with comparative example
| Fertilizer of the present invention | Increase output % | Soil conductivity reduces % | Soil nitrate ion reduces % |
| Embodiment 1 | 6.7 | 8.9 | 28.3 |
| Embodiment 2 | 5.3 | 8.2 | 25.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 4.9 | 7.4 | 32.1 |
| Embodiment 4 | 6.5 | 9.0 | 24.8 |
Claims (1)
1. prevent a preparation method for facility soil salinization fertilizer, comprise that step is as follows:
(1) produce high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer; comprise composite fertilizer material is mixed with stopping composition heating and melting, melting charge slurry is sprayed and is entered in prilling tower by prilling spry from the high column overhead of granulation, air intake at the bottom of tower; slip at the bottom of cooling granulating drops to tower from tower top decline process, completes granulation;
Wherein, described composite fertilizer material is comprised of urea, monoammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate, trace element fertilizer, urea: monoammonium phosphate: potassium sulfate: trace element fertilizer=1: 0.13～0.25: 0.4～0.7: 0.008～0.02 mass ratio;
(2), by the material screening after granulation, particle diameter conformance with standard 1～4.75mm urinates S-based compound fertilizer product as high tower; Particle diameter is greater than the macrobead of 4.75mm and is less than the fine powder of 1mm, is used for preventing the raw material of soil salinization fertilizer as returning charge;
(3) by mass parts, get 8～12 parts of step (2) high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charges, 2～5 parts of diammonium phosphate, mix, pulverize, add again 2～5 parts of potassium fulvates, 0.03～0.06 part of nitrification inhibitor, by prior art granulation, must prevent facility soil salinization fertilizer;
Described nitrification inhibitor is 3,4-dimethyl pyrazole phosphoric acid.
2, the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1) composite fertilizer material, quality is urea than proportioning: monoammonium phosphate: potassium sulfate: trace element fertilizer=1: 0.18～0.19: 0.5～0.6: 0.018～0.019.
3, the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that step (1) composite fertilizer material proportion by weight is, 55 parts, urea, 10 parts of monoammonium phosphates, 30 parts of potassium sulfate, 1 part, zinc sulfate.
4, the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step (1), and trace element fertilizer used is selected from one of zinc sulfate, boric acid or combination.
5, the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the stopping composition described in step (1) select one of zeolite powder, wilkinite or combination.
6, the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, the consumption that it is characterized in that stopping composition in step (1) is 2～6wt% of the whole raw material total amounts of high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer.
7, the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, the consumption that it is characterized in that stopping composition in step (1) is the 3.8-4.2wt% of the whole raw material total amounts of high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer.
8, the preparation method who prevents facility soil salinization fertilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that in step (3), constituent mass part proportioning is, 10 parts of high tower urine S-based compound fertilizer returning charges, 3 parts of diammonium phosphate, 3 parts of potassium fulvates, 0.05 part of nitrification inhibitor.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5147441A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-09-15 | Megeed Mohamed E A | Biological product for soil improvement and method of application to soil |
| CN1176242A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-03-18 | 张立和 | Production process of compound humic acid fertilizer |
| CN101041607A (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2007-09-26 | 汉枫缓释肥料（上海）有限公司 | Production method and equipment for highly effective slow releasing compound fertilizer and product |
| CN103011982A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-03 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Industrial production method and device of urea-formaldehyde slow-release compound fertilizer |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100914763B1 (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2009-08-31 | (주)메덱스에프씨 | Quality of soil improvement material and manufacturing method for the same |
-
2013
- 2013-06-09 CN CN201310232229.3A patent/CN103333028B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5147441A (en) * | 1991-05-31 | 1992-09-15 | Megeed Mohamed E A | Biological product for soil improvement and method of application to soil |
| CN1176242A (en) * | 1996-09-12 | 1998-03-18 | 张立和 | Production process of compound humic acid fertilizer |
| CN101041607A (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2007-09-26 | 汉枫缓释肥料（上海）有限公司 | Production method and equipment for highly effective slow releasing compound fertilizer and product |
| CN103011982A (en) * | 2012-12-29 | 2013-04-03 | 山东金正大生态工程股份有限公司 | Industrial production method and device of urea-formaldehyde slow-release compound fertilizer |
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