CN103321194A - Dry land ecological interception channel adopting slope protection technology and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Dry land ecological interception channel adopting slope protection technology and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103321194A CN103321194A CN2012103032024A CN201210303202A CN103321194A CN 103321194 A CN103321194 A CN 103321194A CN 2012103032024 A CN2012103032024 A CN 2012103032024A CN 201210303202 A CN201210303202 A CN 201210303202A CN 103321194 A CN103321194 A CN 103321194A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dry land ecological interception channel adopting the slope protection technology and a construction method thereof. The cross section of the channel takes the shape of an inverted trapezoid; three-dimensional plant nets are arranged on channel walls and closely cling to compacted soil bodies; wet soil is laid on the plant nets; greensward with developed root systems is laid onto the wet soil; perennial aquatic plants are planted at the bottom of the channel in an S staggered manner. The construction method of the channel comprises the following steps: laying a layer of three-dimensional nets on the compacted soil bodies of the channel walls, and additionally laying a layer of wet soil to completely cover the plant nets; then laying the greensward with developed root systems immediately. According to the invention, the three-dimensional plant net slope protection technology is adopted, the plants on the channel walls on two sides and at the bottom of the channel are reasonably arranged, and the structural stability is enhanced due to the anchoring effect of the root systems and the plant nets, so that the stability of the channel is improved by 4-5 times as compared with that of a pure soil channel and the service life is greatly prolonged. The channel and the construction method thereof are low in construction cost, low in maintenance cost, good in pollutant interception effect, stable in structure, elegant in visual effect, and suitable for popularization and application in large areas.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area control technology field, be specifically related to a kind of nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches and construction process thereof that adopts slope protecting technique.
Background technology
In recent years, along with nonirrigated farmland plantation modernization and intensive high speed developments such as woods fruit, open-air vegetables, be the high yield that covets, excessive and the unreasonable mode of occupation of chemical fertilizer application day by day highlights, soil compaction and degree of salinity increase the weight of, and the nitrogen and phosphorus loss that storm runoff causes is serious, are the major reasons that causes regional body eutrophication, particularly particle ADSORPTION STATE nitrogen, phosphorus loss occupy larger specific gravity, account for about 40% and 60% of loss total amount respectively.
Lose feature at nonirrigated farmland runoff pollution logistics, take technology such as ground covering, deep application of fertilizer, rational application of fertilizers all can cut down a part of nitrogen and phosphorus loss in the source, and effect is remarkable.Yet on the one hand the cost of production increase causes such technology to apply difficulty to strengthen, adopt the source control method simultaneously after, still have the major part pollutant to enter peripheral water body by the runoff draining.Therefore, experts and scholars have carried out research and the application work of ecological canal both at home and abroad, especially use at the research of the supporting ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of rice terrace, have obtained remarkable achievement in agricultural run-off pollutant interception technical research.Yet dry farming farmland ditch service function has its particularity, and drainage efficiency is had relatively high expectations, and generally requiring 1～3d rainfall, 1～3d to drain into the field face does not have ponding, so the escape canal cross dimension of nonirrigated farmland coupling is generally bigger.Existing nonirrigated farmland whole concrete irrigation canals and ditches engineering cost height, the pollutant interception result is poor, though and traditional soil property irrigation canals and ditches good purification, but because it is bigger influenced by horizontal and vertical sluicing, easily produce problems such as furrow bank caves in, bottom of trench siltation, and then influence draining and the purification function of irrigation canals and ditches itself.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to: provide a kind of and can effectively block the nonirrigated farmland pollution of area source, integrate the farmland prevention waterlogging and tackle with the runoff pollution thing, adopt nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches and the construction process thereof of slope protecting technique.
Design of the present invention: build present situation in conjunction with China's present nonirrigated farmland escape canal, three-dimensional plant net slope protecting technique is applied in the construction of ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches, and according to irrigation canals and ditches drainage system hydraulics and engineering mechanics feature, plant corresponding water plant in furrow bank both sides and bottom of trench, utilize the anchorage effect of root system and three-dimensional plant net to reach the irrigation canals and ditches Stability Analysis of Structures, under the situation that low cost drops into, give full play to its ecological purification function.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches that adopt slope protecting technique, its ditch body cross section is for trapezoidal, and its furrow bank is close to the compacting soil body and is equipped with one deck three-dimensional plant net on the basis of soil body compacting, three-dimensional plant is equipped with one deck wet soil on the net, is equipped with the turf of root system of plant prosperity on the wet soil; The water inlet end of irrigation canals and ditches is provided with coarse rack, and the water side is provided with controlled emptying gate.
The ditch body cross dimension of above-mentioned irrigation canals and ditches is preferred: go up wide 1.7m; Following wide 0.5m; Ditch depth 1.2m; The preferred 0.2m of superelevation (be the gallery at irrigation canals and ditches top bear down on one exceed the height of field, farmland face).The EM2 model is selected in the three-dimensional plant network optimization.Supporting facility settings such as the length of irrigation canals and ditches and water inlet, grid are decided on the farmland layout situation.
Be equipped with the bermudagrass grass skin on the furrow bank of above-mentioned irrigation canals and ditches, or kind is implanted with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf or sedge; The bottom of trench kind has the perennial water plant that is the plantation of " S " type interlace mode, as wild rice stem, mullet grass etc.; Spacing in the rows between the above-mentioned water plant is 250-300mm.
The construction process of the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of above-mentioned employing slope protecting technique is as follows:
At first, to the dry farmland layout that intend to make up the ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches, irritate drainage system present situation, soil soil mechanics feature, peripheral hydraulic condition of river situation etc. and carry out probe, and grasp the widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area feature that coupling farmland cropping pattern produces comprehensively; Then, on aforementioned basis, by site inspection, determine to plan to build ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches position, length, cross dimension etc., selected water plant kind and kind method for planting, weather information is grasped in establishment engineering atlas and budget, select winter-spring season successive cloudy days gas (can not have big rainfall to take place) to carry out on-the-spot civil engineering, and strict execution control;
Wherein, the on-the-spot civil engineering method of above-mentioned nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches is as follows:
Trimming or the body of newly ditching, ditch body cross section is for trapezoidal; Furrow bank is close to the compacting soil body and is laid one deck three-dimensional plant net on the basis of soil body compacting, and overlays one deck wet soil till can't see the plant net, after lay the turf of root system of plant prosperity immediately; In the bottom of trench planting aquatic plants; Water inlet end at irrigation canals and ditches arranges coarse rack, and the water side arranges controlled emptying gate.
The concrete operations step of the on-the-spot civil engineering of above-mentioned nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches is as follows:
(1) trimming or the body of newly ditching, ditch body cross dimension is preferred: go up wide 1.7m, following wide 0.5m, ditch depth 1.2; The preferred 0.2m of superelevation; According to irrigation canals and ditches length and the furrow bank both sides gross area, calculate and buy required three-dimensional plant net, the preferred EM2 of three-dimensional plant net model;
(2) on the basis of furrow bank soil body compacting, the furrow bank both sides are close to the compacting soil body and are laid one deck three-dimensional plant net, and three-dimensional plant net two ends all are pressed in the soil body about 100mm (general 90-110mm), and overlay one deck wet soil invisible to the plant net till;
(3) the Bermuda grass turf is cut cut and be strip grass piece, careless piece size 1200mm * 300mm after finishing in (2) step, should vertically lay on furrow bank immediately; (general 90-110mm) about the 100mm of the ditch ridge " put up " on turf top, other part bendings are adjacent to furrow bank, and after compacting, suitably water the general 350-450mm of about 400mm(at the bottom of turf is spread to the lower end from canal) get final product, spacing is set to 100-200mm between each careless piece; If select furrow bank plants such as the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, sedge, then adopt the sprigging mode, 3 rows, spacing in the rows 100-120mm are respectively planted in the furrow bank both sides;
(4) after above step is finished, in the bottom of trench planting aquatic plants; Select local perennial water plant, require phytomass big, the kind that nitrogen phosphorus nutrient demand is high as wild rice stem, mullet grass etc., adopts the plantation of " S " type interlace mode, and according to the crop varieties difference, the control spacing in the rows is 250-300mm;
(5) the suitable agricultural drain mouth quantity of control, general 3-5 mu arranges an outfall; Be that the water inlet end of irrigation canals and ditches arranges the board plug type coarse rack at the agricultural drain mouth, the preferred 500mm * 900mm of size is to filter big suspension, weeds rhizome etc.; The emptying gate of multiple height is set, according to farmland drainage features in season Artificial Control in the water side of irrigation canals and ditches.
The pollution of area source rule that the present invention produces according to nonirrigated farmland farming operation, at soil property irrigation canals and ditches structure and water erosion feature, utilize three-dimensional plant net slope protecting technique, integrated a kind of nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches and construction process thereof that farmland prevention waterlogging and runoff pollution thing are tackled that integrate.
The present invention is on the basis of original simple and easy draining Tu Gou, carries out engineeredly accordingly, makes it have draining and ecological functions concurrently.By the application of three-dimensional plant net slope protecting technique and the reasonable setting of furrow bank both sides bank protection plant, utilize the anchorage effect of root system and plant net to strengthen its structural stability, the purer soil property irrigation canals and ditches of ditch body strength of stability can improve 4-5 doubly.Bottom of trench is planted local perennial water plant, and the good oxygen system of secreting that root can form strengthens microbial activities, and then makes in the runoff that by effects such as interception, absorption, absorptions pollutant such as nitrogen phosphorus is removed.
The bottom of trench water plant is adopted the plantation of " S " type interlace mode, after reaching the maturity period, by the plant blocking function, can slow down flow velocity, increase the hydraulic detention time of runoff draining in channel, promote the particle sedimentation, cooperated plant root to secrete the absorption of oxygen system, absorption, aerobic-anaerobic effect effectively.In addition, reasonably furrow bank, the configuration of bottom of trench water plant can also form good ecoscape, and can produce corresponding economic well-being of workers and staff according to the kind difference.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique provided by the invention, integrate anti-function and the runoff pollution thing interception function of stagnating of farmland water drainage at Stability Analysis of Structures.Use ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches provided by the invention, ditch body structure strength of stability can improve 4-5 doubly, and prolong application life greatly, can effectively tackle suspension in the agricultural drain, nitrogen phosphorus etc. simultaneously.Advantage such as the present invention has construction costs and maintenance cost is low, the pollutant interception result is good, Stability Analysis of Structures, landscape effect are good has good application value.
The nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique provided by the invention, have following characteristics: the one, under the situation that low cost drops into, its structure steadiness is improved greatly, the ability of resisting rain drop erosion and irrigation canals and ditches bottom water erosion strengthens, and then reduce the later maintenance overhead cost greatly, prolong its application life; The 2nd, can play effective interception function to nonirrigated farmland runoff draining pollutant, the interception rate of nitrogen is about 50-60%, and the interception rate of phosphorus is 55-70%, and especially the interception rate to particle in the water (SS) can reach more than 95%; The 3rd, because this invention is based on original farmland ditch transformation, reached the purpose that does not occupy cultivated land, engineering cost is low, operation is simple and easy, is particluarly suitable for the area large scale application of Taihu Lake basin and even east China plain river network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 adopts the schematic cross-sectional view of the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of slope protecting technique for the present invention;
Fig. 2 adopts the controlled flashboard of water outlet of the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of slope protecting technique for the present invention;
Fig. 3 adopts the section design sketch of the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of slope protecting technique for the present invention.
Among the figure: 1, three-dimensional plant net 2, emptying gate 3, farmland soil 4, compacting soil
The specific embodiment
This application test engineering is positioned at blueberry planting base, modern agriculture garden, Qingpu District, Shanghai City (121.010 ° of E, N30.969 °), the coupling farmland is the blueberry field, original escape canal is simple and easy Tu Gou, owing to reasons such as rain drop erosiones, problems such as furrow bank caves in, impeded drainage are outstanding, all need drop into a large amount of manpower and materials reparations every year.Thus, based on the blue or green western regional nonirrigated farmland water drainage prevention against water-logging requirement of Huangpu River upstream, the technical data that provides according to the design transform them as have the stagnant function of prevention waterlogging row and ecological intercepting function concurrently ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches.
As shown in Figure 1, the irrigation canals and ditches cross section is for trapezoidal, on the basis of furrow bank soil body compacting, pastes soil and lays one deck three-dimensional plant net 1, and two ends all are pressed into 100mm in the soil, and overlays one deck wet soil till can't see the plant net, to strengthen ditch body structure stability.The furrow bank plant is connected closely with civil engineering, adopts turf transplanting mode plantation bermudagrass grass, and the rye grass of replaying in the winter time.Bottom of trench plantation wild rice stem, this plant have that phytomass is big, and nitrogen phosphorus absorbs the efficient advantages of higher, adopts the staggered planting patterns of " S " type, and spacing in the rows is controlled to be 300mm.The water inlet end of irrigation canals and ditches is provided with the board plug type coarse rack, and the water side is provided with the emptying gate 2 of artificial controlled different water levels.
The specific operation process of the on-the-spot civil engineering of above-mentioned nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches is as follows:
(1) trimming ditch body, ditch body cross dimension: go up wide 1.7m, following wide 0.5m, ditch depth 1.2; Superelevation 0.2m; According to irrigation canals and ditches length and the furrow bank both sides gross area, calculate and buy required three-dimensional plant net, the three-dimensional plant net selects the EM2 model;
(2) on the basis of furrow bank soil body compacting, the furrow bank both sides are close to the compacting soil body and are laid one deck three-dimensional plant net, and three-dimensional plant net two ends all are pressed in the soil body about 100mm, and overlay one deck wet soil invisible to the plant net till;
(3) the Bermuda grass turf is cut cut and be strip grass piece, careless piece size 1200mm * 300mm after finishing in (2) step, should vertically lay on furrow bank immediately; " put up " about the 100mm of the ditch ridge on turf top, and other part bendings are adjacent to furrow bank, and suitably water after compacting, about 400mm at the bottom of turf is spread to the lower end from canal, and spacing is set to 150mm between each careless piece;
(4) after above step is finished, at bottom of trench planting aquatic plants wild rice stem, adopt the plantation of " S " type interlace mode, the control spacing in the rows is 300mm;
(5) the suitable agricultural drain mouth quantity of control, per 3 mu arrange an outfall; Be that the water inlet end of irrigation canals and ditches arranges the board plug type coarse rack, size 500mm * 900mm at the agricultural drain mouth; The emptying gate of artificial controlled different water levels is set, to control the holdup time of agricultural run-off draining in the ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches different rainfall period in the water side of irrigation canals and ditches.
The effect that the present embodiment application adopts the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of slope protecting technique to reach: the one, structure is firm, can effectively resist the water erosion that rainfall and irrigation canals and ditches draining cause, and then reduces the later maintenance overhead cost greatly; The 2nd, can play effective interception function to runoff draining pollutant, the agricultural drain pollutant load has larger difference according to the crop growth period difference, the interception rate of nitrogen is 50-60%, and the interception rate of phosphorus is 55-70%, and particle (SS) interception rate can reach more than 95%; Three are based on original farmland ditch transformation, have reached the purpose that does not occupy cultivated land, and engineering cost is about 1/5 of concrete irrigation canals and ditches cost that the facility grainfield builds; Operate simple and easyly, be convenient to promote.
Embodiment 2
This application test engineering is positioned at (E121.027 ° of modern agriculture garden, Qingpu District, Shanghai City, N30.969 °), the coupling farmland is the fruit-bearing forest field, original escape canal is simple and easy Tu Gou, owing to reasons such as rain drop erosiones, outstanding problems such as furrow bank caves in, impeded drainage all need drop into a large amount of manpower and materials reparations every year.Thus, based on the blue or green western regional nonirrigated farmland water drainage prevention against water-logging requirement of Huangpu River upstream, the technical data that provides according to the design transform them as have the stagnant function of prevention waterlogging row and ecological intercepting function concurrently ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches.
As shown in Figure 1, the irrigation canals and ditches cross section is for trapezoidal, on the basis of furrow bank soil body compacting, is adjacent to and lays one deck three-dimensional plant net 1, and two ends all are pressed into 100mm in the soil, and overlays one deck wet soil till can't see the plant net, to strengthen ditch body structure stability.The furrow bank plant is connected closely with civil engineering, and the tuber of dwarf lilyturf, spacing 120mm, the rye grass of replaying autumn and winter are arranged in one-sided plantation 3.Bottom of trench plantation mullet grass, this plant have that phytomass is big, and nitrogen phosphorus absorbs the efficient advantages of higher, adopts the staggered planting patterns of " S " type, and spacing in the rows is controlled to be 250mm.The water inlet end of irrigation canals and ditches is provided with the board plug type coarse rack, and the water side is provided with the emptying gate 2 of artificial controlled different water levels.
The specific operation process of the on-the-spot civil engineering of above-mentioned nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches is as follows:
(1) trimming ditch body, ditch body cross dimension: go up wide 1.7m, following wide 0.5m, ditch depth 1.2; Superelevation 0.15m; According to irrigation canals and ditches length and the furrow bank both sides gross area, calculate and buy required three-dimensional plant net, the three-dimensional plant net selects the EM3 model;
(2) on the basis of furrow bank soil body compacting, the furrow bank both sides are close to the compacting soil body and are laid one deck three-dimensional plant net, and three-dimensional plant net two ends all are pressed in the soil body about 100mm, and overlay one deck wet soil invisible to the plant net till;
(3) selecting the tuber of dwarf lilyturf is the furrow bank plant, adopts the sprigging mode to plant, and 3 rows, spacing in the rows 120mm are respectively planted in the furrow bank both sides;
(4) at bottom of trench planting aquatic plants wild rice stem, adopt the plantation of " S " type interlace mode, the control spacing in the rows is 250mm;
(5) the suitable agricultural drain mouth quantity of control, per 5 mu arrange an outfall; Be that the water inlet end of irrigation canals and ditches arranges the board plug type coarse rack, size 500mm * 920mm at the agricultural drain mouth; The emptying gate of artificial controlled different water levels is set, to control the holdup time of agricultural run-off draining in the ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches different rainfall period in the water side of irrigation canals and ditches.
The effect that the present embodiment application adopts the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of slope protecting technique to reach: the one, structure is firm, can effectively resist the water erosion that rainfall and irrigation canals and ditches draining cause, and then reduces the later maintenance overhead cost greatly; The 2nd, can play effective interception function to runoff draining pollutant, the agricultural drain pollutant load has larger difference according to the crop growth period difference, the interception rate of nitrogen is 50-60%, and the interception rate of phosphorus is 55-70%, and particle (SS) interception rate can reach more than 95%; Three are based on original farmland ditch transformation, have reached the purpose that does not occupy cultivated land, engineering cost be about concrete irrigation canals and ditches cost that the facility grainfield builds 1/5, operation is simple and easy.
Claims (10)
1. nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches that adopt slope protecting technique, it is characterized in that: ditch body cross section is for trapezoidal, its furrow bank is on the basis of soil body compacting, be close to the compacting soil body and be equipped with one deck three-dimensional plant net, three-dimensional plant is equipped with one deck wet soil on the net, be equipped with the turf of root system of plant prosperity on the wet soil, or plant the furrow bank plant that is implanted with the root system of plant prosperity; The bottom of trench kind has the perennial water plant that is the arrangement of " S " type interlace mode; The water inlet end of irrigation canals and ditches is provided with coarse rack, and the water side is provided with controlled emptying gate.
2. the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described ditch body cross dimension is: go up wide 1.7m; Following wide 0.5m; Ditch depth 1.2m.
3. the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, are equipped with the bermudagrass grass skin on the described furrow bank, or kind is implanted with the tuber of dwarf lilyturf or sedge.
4. the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that, the perennial water plant that described bottom of trench is the plantation of " S " type interlace mode is wild rice stem or mullet grass.
5. the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that, the spacing in the rows that described bottom of trench is between the perennial water plant of " S " type interlace mode plantation is 250-300mm; Described three-dimensional plant net model is EM2.
6. construction process as the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of the described employing slope protecting technique of claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: at first, to the dry farmland layout that intend to make up the ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches, irritate drainage system present situation, soil soil mechanics feature, peripheral hydraulic condition of river situation etc. and carry out probe, and grasp the widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area feature that coupling farmland cropping pattern produces comprehensively; Then, on aforementioned basis, by site inspection, determine to plan to build ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches position, length, cross dimension etc., selected water plant kind and kind method for planting, weather information is grasped in establishment engineering atlas and budget, select winter-spring season successive cloudy days gas (can not have big rainfall to take place) to carry out on-the-spot civil engineering, and strict execution control;
Wherein, the on-the-spot civil engineering method of described nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches is as follows:
Trimming or the body of newly ditching, ditch body cross section is for trapezoidal; Furrow bank is close to the compacting soil body and is laid one deck three-dimensional plant net on the basis of soil body compacting, and overlays one deck wet soil till can't see the plant net, after lay the turf of root system of plant prosperity immediately; In the bottom of trench planting aquatic plants; Water inlet end at irrigation canals and ditches arranges coarse rack, and the water side arranges controlled emptying gate.
7. the construction process of the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, the concrete operations step of the on-the-spot civil engineering of described nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches is as follows:
(1) trimming or the body of newly ditching, ditch body cross section is: go up wide 1.7m, following wide 0.5m, ditch depth 1.2, superelevation 0.2m; According to irrigation canals and ditches length and the furrow bank both sides gross area, calculate and buy required three-dimensional plant net;
(2) on the basis of furrow bank soil body compacting, the furrow bank both sides are close to the compacting soil body and are laid one deck three-dimensional plant net, and three-dimensional plant net two ends all are pressed into 90-110mm in the soil body, and overlay one deck wet soil invisible to the plant net till;
(3) the Bermuda grass turf is cut cut and be strip grass piece, after finishing in (2) step, on furrow bank, vertically lay immediately; Ditch ridge 90-110mm is put up on turf top, and other part bendings are adjacent to furrow bank, and suitably water after compacting, and 350-450mm got final product at the bottom of turf was spread to the lower end from canal;
(4) after above step is finished, in the bottom of trench planting aquatic plants; Select local perennial water plant, require phytomass big, the kind that nitrogen phosphorus nutrient demand is high comprises a kind of in wild rice stem, the mullet grass, adopts the plantation of " S " type interlace mode, and according to the crop varieties difference, the control spacing in the rows is 250-300mm;
(5) the suitable agricultural drain mouth quantity of control, every 3-5 mu arranges an outfall; Be that the water inlet end of irrigation canals and ditches arranges the board plug type coarse rack at the agricultural drain mouth; The emptying gate of multiple height is set, according to farmland drainage features in season Artificial Control in the water side of irrigation canals and ditches.
8. the construction process of the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, in the concrete operations step of the on-the-spot civil engineering of described nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches, three-dimensional plant net two ends all are pressed into 100mm in the soil body in (2) step; (3) step selected the tuber of dwarf lilyturf or sedge as the furrow bank plant, adopted the sprigging mode, and 3 rows, spacing in the rows 100-120mm are respectively planted in the furrow bank both sides.
9. the construction process of the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of employing slope protecting technique as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that, three-dimensional plant net two ends all are pressed into 100mm in the soil body in (2) step; (3) step cut the Bermuda grass turf and cuts to being of a size of the strip grass piece of 1200mm * 300mm, vertically laid on furrow bank, and spacing is set to 100-200mm between each careless piece; Ditch ridge 100mm is put up on turf top, and 400mm got final product at the bottom of turf was spread to the lower end from canal.
10. as the construction process of the nonirrigated farmland ecological intercepting irrigation canals and ditches of claim 6,7,8 or 9 described employing slope protecting techniques, it is characterized in that described irrigation canals and ditches water inlet end coarse rack is of a size of 500mm * 900mm; The model of described three-dimensional plant net is EM2.
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| CN109463212A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-15 | 西藏农牧学院 | A kind of white careless seedling in plateau reservoir basin covers careless method for transplanting |
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