CN103314753A - Seedling raising method for relieving root nesting of containerized Chinese cork oak seedlings - Google Patents
Seedling raising method for relieving root nesting of containerized Chinese cork oak seedlings Download PDFInfo
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- CN103314753A CN103314753A CN2013102570734A CN201310257073A CN103314753A CN 103314753 A CN103314753 A CN 103314753A CN 2013102570734 A CN2013102570734 A CN 2013102570734A CN 201310257073 A CN201310257073 A CN 201310257073A CN 103314753 A CN103314753 A CN 103314753A
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- cotyledon
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- excision
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Abstract
The invention mainly relates to a method of relieving root nesting of containerized Chinese cork oak seedlings and belongs to forest seedling raising techniques. The method is characterized in that the nature that the large Chinese cork oak seeds are easy to eat by rodents to allow for seed spreading and coevolution between Chinese cork oak population and the rodents is fully utilized; cotyledon loss degree is simulated by normal test methods, thus determining optimal treatment of cutting one third of distal-end cotyledon of each seed in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal length of the seed; seed nutrient content is decreased, energy distributed to main roots is decreased, and accordingly root nesting of the containerized Chinese cork oak seedlings with rich main roots; increasing I-level lateral roots, root surface area and volume has no negative effect on seedling height, ground diameter, biomass and nutrient concentration; blades are used to cut the cotyledon and are low in cost and convenient to carry; cutting the cotyledon in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal radius of the seed is simple and efficient and easy for forest workers to master; radiculodium seeds are used for raising seedlings; after the cotyledon is cut, the seeds can be used for producing alcohol and starch, so that income is increased for the forest farmers; the method has promising application prospect.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to the seedling-cultivating method of container seedling, be specifically related to alleviate cork oak container seedling nest root by the method for cut-out cotyledon.
Two, background technology
Cork oak can absorb from the depth of soils nutrient and moisture because of its prosperity, sturdy main root, the barren-resistant ability of drought resisting is stronger, one of the most representative seeds of China warm temperate zone and subtropical deciduous broadleaved forest, in China's revegetation in occupation of extremely important status; Cork oak is precious economic tree and the commerical tree species of China's special product, and cork is valuable cork resource, and oak can be used for making high-grade solid wood furniture, and seed can be used for producing alcohol and starch, and leaf is the valuable source of breeding silkworms.Therefore, cork oak nursery stock demand and cultivation technology thereof enjoy attention always.
The root system of the annual nursery stock of cork oak can self-sow in soil more than 35 centimetres, and when cultivating container seedling, the spatial limitation that container is limited the growth of this flourishing main root, very easily cause the nest root phenomenons such as root system sex change, distortion.In a single day the nest root occurs in container seedling, and plant percent and growth all can be subject to negative effect after the afforestation.
When cultivating the cork oak container seedling at present, selected darker container, container length mostly is 15-20 centimetre.If the method for taking to strengthen simply container length is alleviated the nest root, container then need not be shorter than root system nature spread length, namely 35 centimetres.The undue container length that increases directly causes container and filling matrix to increase the increase that waits cost, can cause that also the raising of link indirect costs such as garden, transportation, afforestation, operator are difficult to acceptance.Keep more osculum to strengthen the air root relief, to utilize measures such as chemical root relief that copper carbonate or copper sulphate smears container inner wall at seeds root relief successfuls such as Pinus, arbor-vitae, locust tree, camplotheca acuminata, monkey camphor tree, Chinese toons at container bottom, then outstanding to the effect of the flourishing seeds cork oak of main root root relief.As seen, the nest root is the key factor of restriction cork oak container seedling seedling quality, how to alleviate the nest root and be always the difficult problem in the nursery stock production.
The cork oak seed is larger, and is nutritious, easily found, takes food and carry by rodents such as squirrels; The radiculodium tannin content of seed is high because oak belongs to, and the far-end cotyledon is often nibbled, chewed to rodent, and occurring in nature cotyledon Loss is comparatively general.The carrying of rodent has promoted diffusion and the propagation of oak class seed; Research is discovery simultaneously, and the appropriateness of cotyledon is lost and also improved oak class seed germination rate and sprouting speed.In cotyledon was lost, oak class seed and rodent had been realized coevolution.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention simulates the cotyledon that oak class seed natural world generally occurs and loses, when cultivation of container seedling, determined from the intensity of distal resection cotyledon, reduce the seed nutrient content, reduced seed to the main root energy distribution, nest root when having alleviated cultivation of container seedling has promoted the lateral root growth, simultaneously the nursery stock specification is not caused negative effect.This technology is alleviated cork oak container seedling nest root and is characterised in that:
Excise cotyledon when (1) sowing, sow behind the excision cotyledon
(2) position of cotyledon excision is seed far-end cotyledon
(3) cotyledon excision perpendicular direction is in the seed lengthwise
(4) cotyledon excision intensity is 1/3 of seed volume
Advantage of the present invention and characteristic are: the suitable strength of determining the excision of cork oak seed cotyledon with the standardization test method.Perpendicular to 1/3 of seed lengthwise, excision cork oak seed far-end cotyledon, then carry out seeding and seedling raising first.Growth season, container seedling nest root phenomenon was significantly alleviated when finishing, and the nest radical exponent drops to 2.85 by 4.00 of contrast, has descended 31.3%; I level lateral root number significantly improves, and root system surface area and volume also increase; Not remarkable to nursery stock specification negative effects such as height of seedling, leading thread, biomasss; Not remarkable to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn and phosphorus, potassium content negative effect.The method used tool is blade, and is simple to operate, and excision efficient is high, is easily grasped by the self-employed tree cultivator.In addition, the seed of radiculodium can be used for growing seedlings, and the far-end cotyledon that cuts away can be used for producing alcohol, starch etc., increases self-employed tree cultivator's income, has a extensive future.
Four, specific implementation method
(1) seed collection and storage
Behind the cork oak seed maturity, in time collect the seed that is scattered in ground, and immerse in 50 ℃ of warm water 30min to kill weevil, then seed is pulled out, spread on Polypropylence Sheet at indoor individual layer, air-dry 2 days is the seed specification of packing into that the polyethylene of 37 * 24cm is moulded in the bag, uncovered being positioned in the seed-box, 2 ℃ of lower storages.
(2) concrete pattern is processed in the cotyledon excision
1) tupe 1
Take out seed mid-March from storage box, directly sowing.
2) tupe 2
Perpendicular to the cotyledon of seed lengthwise, excision radicle far-end 1/3, then to sow, all the other measures are all with processing pattern 1.
3) tupe 3
Perpendicular to the cotyledon of seed lengthwise, excision radicle far-end 1/2, then to sow, all the other measures are all with processing pattern 1.
4) tupe 4
Perpendicular to the cotyledon of seed lengthwise, excision radicle far-end 2/3, then to sow, all the other measures are all with processing pattern 1.
(3) standardization is grown seedlings
1) the upper bore 10cm of selection of container selection, the degree of depth are the plastic film container of 20cm.
2) matrix sterilization and front 3 days of filling sowing with 3: 1 (v/v) abundant mixing, spray 600 times of liquid disinfectants of 50% carbendazol wettable powder with Denmark Pin Shi turfy soil (pH6.0, the long 0-10mm of fiber) and perlite.Matrix is contained in plastic film container, is placed on the apron seedling bed, the osculum that then waters to water from container bottom oozes out.
3) sowing is sowed the seed of above-mentioned four tupes respectively, and sowing depth is 3 times of seed minor axis, after planting covers with matrix.
4) broadcast that rear management is after planting watered immediately so that the abundant combination of seed and matrix, seeding stage, Seedling Stage water weekly 1-2 time (after planting to mid-May), fast-growing phase irrigation times for weekly 2-3 time (late May is to late August) satisfying the needs of nursery stock Fast Growth, hardening period irrigation times be reduced to 1-2 time with the dormancy of promotion nursery stock.Pour water to water content of substrate is saturation state at every turn, and namely irrigation water oozes out from the osculum of container bottom.
5) every kind of processing of seedling quality observation growth end of the season is randomly drawed 40 seedlings (5 repeat * 8 strain/repetitions) and is destroyed sampling, and water is carefully washed the matrix around the root system off, and with distilled water rinse 3 times, measures height of seedling, leading thread; Then nursery stock root, stem are cut off, be respectively charged into envelope and valve bag, take back laboratory, the baking oven of the envelope that stem is housed being put into 70 ℃ dries by the fire 48h, measures the stem biomass; Nest root situation is taked scoring, the note 0 minute of nest root not, the note of 0＜nest root number of turns≤1 2 minutes, the note of 1＜nest root number of turns≤2 4 minutes, the note of 2＜nest root number of turns≤3 6 minutes, the note of the nest root number of turns＞38 minutes; I level lateral root is counted statistical length greater than the I level lateral root of 2cm; Adopt Epson Twain Pro scanner to obtain the Root morphology structural images, utilize WINRhizo network analysis its root system surface area and volume; With the analysis envelope of packing into, the baking oven of then putting into 70 ℃ dries by the fire 48h, measures root biomass; Cross the 0.25mm sieve after root, stem are pulverized, use KMnO
4-Fe-H
2SO
4Disappear and boil, utilize the UDK-152 full-automatic azotometer to measure nitrogen, adopt the full phosphorus of the yellow Their Determination by Spectrophotometry of vanadium molybdenum, adopt atomic absorption spectrophotometric determination potassium.The cork oak container seedling seedling seedling quality of four kinds of cotyledons excision tupes sees Table 1 and table 2.
The morphological index of four kinds of cotyledon excisions of table 1 tupe cork oak container seedling
The Nutrient Absorption of four kinds of cotyledon excisions of table 2 tupe cork oak container seedling
Annotate: 1) use SPSS18.0 software to analyze, multiple ratio adopts the Duncan method;
2) data are mean value in the table, and the different letter representations of same column are remarkable on 0.05 level.
Can get according to table 1, table 2 analysis-by-synthesis, pattern 2 of the present invention is optimization process, namely excises radicle far-end 1/3 seed cotyledon and can effectively alleviate cork oak container seedling nest root, and do not have negative effect for nursery stock specification and nutrient accumulation.
Compared with the control, this processing cork oak container seedling nest root degree significantly descends, and the nest radical exponent drops to 2.85 by contrast 4.00; Excising 1/3 cotyledon significantly increases I level lateral root number, and I level lateral root number increases to 45 by contrast 36; Excising 1/3 cotyledon can also increase root system surface area and volume, has promoted root system development; This processing height of seedling, leading thread, biomass are respectively 20.0cm, 3.37mm, 5.81g, all process without significant difference with excision not, show that excision 1/3 cotyledon does not have negative effect to the nursery stock specification; Except the nursery stock nitrogen content significantly descended, this processed nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium concn and phosphorus, potassium content all without significant difference, showed that excision 1/3 cotyledon is little to the negative effect of nursery stock nutrient accumulation.
The method of cork oak container seedling nest root is alleviated in the present invention by appropriateness excision cotyledon, not only seedling quality is not caused negative effect, and the method also has following advantage.Used tool is blade, and is cheap, be easy to carry; Perpendicular to the vertical footpath of seed direction excision cotyledon, simple to operate, efficient is high, is easily grasped by work on forestry; The radiculodium seed is used for cultivating nursery stock, and the far-end cotyledon that cuts away can be used for producing alcohol, starch etc., increases self-employed tree cultivator's income, has a extensive future.
Claims (1)
1. seedling-cultivating method of alleviating cork oak container seedling nest root is characterized in that:
Excise first cotyledon when (1) sowing, again sowing behind the excision cotyledon;
(2) position of cotyledon excision is seed far-end cotyledon;
(3) cotyledon excision perpendicular direction is in the seed lengthwise;
(4) cotyledon excision intensity is 1/3 of seed volume;
(5) can significantly alleviate the nest root, improve I level lateral root number, root system surface area and volume, the nutrient densities such as the nursery stock specification such as height of seedling, leading thread, biomass and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium are not all made significant difference; Excision cotyledon used tool is portable, price is low, and is simple to operate, and excision efficient is high, is easily grasped by the self-employed tree cultivator; The seed of radiculodium can be used for growing seedlings, and the far-end cotyledon that cuts away can be used for producing alcohol, starch etc., increases self-employed tree cultivator's income.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080050400A1 (en) * | 2001-08-15 | 2008-02-28 | Wayne Lovelace | Method of accelerating the growth and development of trees and shrubs via enhanced root development |
| CN102282930A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2011-12-21 | 北京林业大学 | Nitrogen applying method for quercus variabilis blume containerized seedlings |
| CN102318546A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-01-18 | 北京林业大学 | Method for growing container seedlings of cork oak in winter |
| CN102771297A (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2012-11-14 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for cultivating cork oak seedlings |
-
2013
- 2013-06-26 CN CN2013102570734A patent/CN103314753A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20080050400A1 (en) * | 2001-08-15 | 2008-02-28 | Wayne Lovelace | Method of accelerating the growth and development of trees and shrubs via enhanced root development |
| US20120297676A1 (en) * | 2001-08-15 | 2012-11-29 | Wayne Lovelace, Judy Lovelace | Method of accelerating the growth and development of trees and shrubs via enhanced root development |
| CN102318546A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-01-18 | 北京林业大学 | Method for growing container seedlings of cork oak in winter |
| CN102282930A (en) * | 2011-07-04 | 2011-12-21 | 北京林业大学 | Nitrogen applying method for quercus variabilis blume containerized seedlings |
| CN102771297A (en) * | 2012-08-15 | 2012-11-14 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for cultivating cork oak seedlings |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| HOU等: "Acorn germination and seedling survival of Q. variabilis: effects of cotyledon excision", 《ANNALS OF FOREST SCIENCE》, vol. 67, 31 December 2010 (2010-12-31) * |
| 李国雷等: "苗木切根技术研究进展", 《林业科学》, vol. 47, no. 9, 30 September 2011 (2011-09-30), pages 140 - 147 * |
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Application publication date: 20130925 |