CN103314742A - Peony stiff twig cut flower production method - Google Patents
Peony stiff twig cut flower production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103314742A CN103314742A CN2013102066259A CN201310206625A CN103314742A CN 103314742 A CN103314742 A CN 103314742A CN 2013102066259 A CN2013102066259 A CN 2013102066259A CN 201310206625 A CN201310206625 A CN 201310206625A CN 103314742 A CN103314742 A CN 103314742A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a peony stiff twig cut flower production method which includes the steps of 1) peony plant preprocessing, 2) peony cut flower twig cultivating and picking and 3) repeating of step 2) each year. The step 1) includes conducting spring shearing or autumn shearing to achieve stumping and conducting hilling on the roots of plants subjected to stumping. The step 2) includes shearing other twigs from the root portions of cut flower twigs selected and retained in autumn shearing of the year or spring shearing of the next year and picking peony stiff twig cut flowers from the root portions in a flower period of the next year. By means of the method, a large amount of slips can be ensured to grow on peony plants in spring each year, the requirement for cut flower twig selection and cultivation can be met, the shortcoming of short twigs of peony is overcome, the requirements of flower markets for cut flower product quality and specification standard are met, and the peony cut flower twigs are improved qualitatively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the plant cultivation field, particularly relate to the hard branch of a kind of tree peony cut-flower production method.
Background technology
Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa) is subordinate to the Paeoniaceae Paeonia, it is traditional famous flower of China, be widely used mainly as the ornamental plantation flowers for a long time, also being used as simultaneously a kind of good cut-flower uses, but because the cut-flower production technology falls behind, the industrial value of tree peony cut-flower also is far from being excavated out.
The tree peony cut-flower just was used in the flower arrangement of imperial palace as far back as between China Eastern Han Dynasty year; Use very prosperously during to the Tang Dynasty, at that time not only as the main colored material of imperial palace flower arrangement, and begin to be used in Buddhist ceremony flower arrangement and the civil flower arrangement; To the Song dynasty, no matter be the imperial palace monastery, or little residence among the people, the tree peony flower arrangement has become very general; Bright clear after, the tree peony flower arrangement becomes a kind of tradition and custom gradually, not only becomes the content of flower-and-bird painting, and so far still at the folklore of some cultivation areas.Yet the development of traditional tree peony art of inserting flowers and people like the tree peony flower arrangement, do not impel tree peony to become a kind of masses' cut-flower consumer products.Trace it to its cause, because the suffrutescent biological habit of tree peony, the limited length of annual shoot growth, produce the quality and quantity of cut-flower under the traditional planting technology condition, all can't satisfy standard and the requirement in cut-flower market, the result so far cut-flower production of tree peony also is in fragmentary dispersity, not yet forms large-scale production.
Traditional tree peony cut-flower is produced, and generally is after plant implanting and cultivating 3-4 growth is vigorous, beginning clip cut-flower; Owing to will guarantee that branch next year behind the cut-flower can continued growth or bloom, general clip give birth to then spray or give birth to then the above part in tender sprout position and side shoot that axillary bud is sprouted as cut-flower, so the cut-flower spray is shorter, seldom can surpass 40cm.Simultaneously, because it is different to shear the impact that wattles is grown, causing individual plant to gather, the quantity of cut-flower is difficult to stablize with specification or consistent, thereby can't large-scale production.Tree peony and Chinese herbaceous peony (P.lactiflora) are all two kinds of famous flowers of Paeonia, Chinese herbaceous peony is generally considered a kind of good cut-flower, the whole world has more than 50 country to carry out peony cut-flower cultivation according to incompletely statistics, but tree peony as the advantage of cut-flower since culture technique fall behind and do not brought into play.In fact, one one flower of tree peony, the fresh idea of many kinds is upright, androecium abortion, the fragrance of flowers is strong, and single flower stands on the branch top, and bottle is inserted after plucking in the dew look phase, generally can normally bloom, and is suitable as very much a kind of cut-flower material; And one of Chinese herbaceous peony is spent more, and often will destroy the side flower bud in the cut-flower production, not only labor intensive material resources, and bud a large amount of secreting mucus usually before gathering, to cut-flower gather, fresh-keeping and use etc. bring inconvenience.But tree peony branch internode is short, and the spray growth length is limited, has become under the traditional cultivation working condition, and cut-flower develops restricted biggest obstacle.
The spray current growth of the most kinds of tree peony is 20～30cm(Liu Yuying only, 2010), when utilizing traditional planting technology to carry out the production of tree peony cut-flower, take annual shoot as the cut-flower branch, can't satisfy the cut-flower product to the basic demand of spray length, also can't produce according to market demands the cut-flower product of different size.Because technology and the mode of producing about the tree peony cut-flower at present are all very traditional, under this technical background, be difficult to form normalized production and administrative skill, satisfy the flowers market to the requirement of cut-flower product quality and specification standards.Therefore, new culture technique is set up in research, breaks through the short drawback of tree peony spray, just can effectively bring into play the various advantages of tree peony cut-flower, promotes the modernization that the tree peony cut-flower is produced.
Summary of the invention
In order when satisfying the cut-flower ornamental quality, to overcome the shorter drawback of tree peony branch, the purpose of this invention is to provide the hard branch of a kind of tree peony cut-flower production method.
The hard branch of a kind of tree peony cut-flower production method comprises the steps:
1) peony plant preliminary treatment
Select the peony plant of robust growth, then fall pruning stump or next year spring pruning stump, plant base portion hilling 15-20cm behind the stump, Second Year begin tree peony cut-flower branch and cultivate and gather;
2) tree peony cut-flower branch is cultivated and is gathered
Spring, the peony plant base portion sprout to produce a large amount of descendants, then when fall pruning or next year spring pruning:
Long long, the robust growth of the branch of selecting and remain wherein and the full descendant of terminal bud are cultivated as the cut-flower branch, and gather from the base portion of biennial branch in the next year bud saturating look phase, obtain the hard branch of tree peony cut-flower;
All the other descendants are cut from base portion, and peony plant base portion hilling 15-20cm is produced new descendant to lure it in next year spring;
3) annual repeating step 2).
Wherein, hard branch cut-flower is comprised of annual branch and biennial branch, as shown in Figure 1.
Wherein, the peony plant of the described robust growth of step 1) can be supported seedling and obtain in 1 year by the tree peony seedling of planting, and also can be other growth healthy and strong peony plant for many years.
The described tree peony seedling of planting, preferably carry out in the fall:
The front ecological habit according to tree peony of planting is chosen the soil, uses sufficient base fertilizer, meticulous whole ground;
Seeding row spacing according to 80cm * 80cm when planting digs kind of a plant hole, cave mouth 20cm * 20cm, and degree of depth 40-45cm is put in tree peony axillary seedling or grafting in the cave, and root system is evenly distributed, and bankets and tamping.
Wherein, the time of described fall pruning is for before autumn, peony plant entered dormancy then, and the time of described spring pruning is before the bud of next year peony plant in spring is sprouted.
Wherein, the described stump of step 1) is for to cut all branches from the peony plant base portion.
Wherein, step 2) described gathering, for before at 10 in the morning, selecting to be in the cut-flower branch of the saturating look of bud phase, base portion clip cut-flower branch from biennial branch, putting into immediately the container that fills the dark clear water of 5-7cm makes it fully absorb water, recover turgescence, move to afterwards shady and cool clean place pruning arrangement and obtain the hard branch of the tree peony cut-flower neat, that length is unified, after the processing of cutflower preservation treatment fluid, direct added sale or storage are preserved.
Described pruning is put in order and is 2 compound leaves in every reservation top, and Yu Shuizhong prunes cut-flower branch base portion makes the length of the cut-flower branch of adopting unified, with the dust on the clean bud of clear water and the blade, obtains firmly branch cut-flower of the tree peony neat, that length is unified.
Described storage saves as with newspaper the hard branch of a some tree peonies cut-flower to be tied up to be placed in the 2-4 ℃ of freezer and preserves, and preferred per 5 band together.
Described cutflower preservation treatment fluid is ethene responsive type cutflower preservation treatment fluid, AVB pretreating reagent, the STS(silver thiosulfate of the bright CHRYSAL of optional Dutch Bao Kangkeli company) reagent etc.
Wherein, the described cut-flower branch that is in the saturating look phase of bud, its bud shows as sepal and splits, and outer petal exposes, and sepal moves in the bud middle and lower part, and the bud top fluffs, deliquescing.
The hard branch of tree peony of the present invention cut-flower production method also comprises field management, is mainly rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest.
Described rich water quality management for every year peony plant being topdressed, topdresses as main take Winter-Spring resting stage, and it is auxiliary topdressing after spending, water in conjunction with topdressing once permeable, water at ordinary times for see dried see wet.
The present invention also provides the application of the hard branch of described tree peony cut-flower production method in the tree peony cut-flower is produced.
Wherein, described tree peony is the Varieties of Peony that spray is straight and upright, annual branch long, growth is strong, sprout tillers strong, flower type dignity is neat, color is pure, preferred ' WULONGPENGSHANG '.
The beneficial effect of the hard branch of tree peony of the present invention cut-flower production method is:
When (1) beginning cut-flower production for the first time, adopt first spring pruning stump or fall pruning stump, hilling behind the stump produces a large amount of descendants to impel the peony plant base portion, is the basis of selecting and remain, cultivating the amount of establishing of cut-flower branch.
(2) after the beginning cut-flower is produced, annual spring pruning or fall pruning are cut the descendant outside the cut-flower branch of selecting and remain from base portion, to lure that the peony plant base portion produces a large amount of descendants at next year spring into, guarantee the needs that the cut-flower branch was selected and remain, cultivated the coming year, guarantee every year stable yields with this.
(3) the cut-flower branch is adopted in the bud dew look phase and is cut, directly shear from base portion from biennial branch when shearing spray, this hard branch cut-flower with biennial branch can effectively prolong cut-flower branch length, overcomes the shorter drawback of tree peony branch, satisfies the flowers market to the requirement of cut-flower product quality and specification standards.
(4) to have a water absorbing capacity than traditional spray cut-flower strong for the hard branch of tree peony of the present invention cut-flower, and stored refrigerated is effective, and the bottle after the refrigeration is inserted long advantage of life-span, best viewing period.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is clip position view when hard branch cut-flower is gathered among the embodiment 2.
Fig. 2 is that ' WULONGPENGSHANG ' dissimilar cut-flower branch bottle is inserted the life-span block diagram among the embodiment 2.
Fig. 3 is that ' WULONGPENGSHANG ' dissimilar cut-flower branch bottle is inserted the best viewing period length block diagram among the embodiment 2.
Among the figure, 1. being annual branch, 2. is biennial branch, 3. is hard branch cut-flower.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.Related ' WULONGPENGSHANG ' is public Varieties of Peony.
Embodiment 1 method of the present invention is produced the tree peony cut-flower
Selected the adult plant of ' WULONGPENGSHANG ' tree peony (P.suffruticosa Zhongyuan Group ' Wu Long Peng Sheng ') robust growth of cultivate in outdoor to implement the solution of the present invention as test material in 2010-2012.
Peony plant is prepared
Autumn in 2009 the tree peony seedling of planting, the front ecological habit according to tree peony of planting is chosen the soil, uses sufficient base fertilizer, meticulous whole ground; Seeding row spacing according to 80cm * 80cm when planting digs kind of a plant hole, cave mouth 20cm * 20cm, and degree of depth 40-45cm is put in tree peony axillary seedling or grafting in the cave, and root system is evenly distributed, and bankets and tamping.Support Miao Yinian, select the peony plant of 30 strain robust growth in the autumn in 2010,15 strains are one group and begin experiment.
(1) mode of fall pruning is produced cut-flower
The peony plant preliminary treatment
Plant dormancy autumn in 2010 is front to first group of 15 strain plant fall pruning stump, plant base portion hilling 15-20cm behind the stump.
Tree peony cut-flower branch is cultivated and is gathered
The peony plant base portion was sprouted and was produced a large amount of descendants spring in 2011, carry out fall pruning before the plant dormancy in autumn then, the branch of selecting and remain long length, robust growth and the full descendant of terminal bud, cultivate as the cut-flower branch, all the other descendants are cut from base portion, and to peony plant base portion hilling 15-20cm, produce new descendant spring in 2012 to lure the peony plant base portion into.
Florescence in spring in 2012 bud reveals the look phase, and (sepal splits, outer petal exposes, and sepal moves in the bud middle and lower part, the bud top fluffs, deliquescing) investigation fall pruning in 2011 individual plant hard branch cut-flower output and the hard branch cut-flower length of selecting and remain the cut-flower branch, the results are shown in Table 1, and carry out cut-flower and gather.
Annual duplication of production
Carry out fall pruning before plant dormancy autumn in 2012, branch long length, robust growth and the full descendant of terminal bud selecting and remain and sprout spring then, cultivate as the cut-flower branch that will gather in 2013, all the other descendants are cut from base portion, and to peony plant base portion hilling 15-20cm, produce new descendant spring in 2013 to lure the peony plant base portion into.
(2) mode of spring pruning is produced cut-flower
The peony plant preliminary treatment
Spring in 2011 plant sprout front to second group of 15 strain plant spring pruning stump, plant base portion hilling 15-20cm behind the stump.
Tree peony cut-flower branch is cultivated and is gathered
The peony plant base portion was sprouted and was produced a large amount of descendants spring in 2011, before spring in 2012, plant sprouted, the branch of selecting and remain in the descendant in 2011 is long, stalwartness and full the cultivating as the cut-flower branch of terminal bud, all the other descendants are cut from base portion, and to peony plant base portion hilling 15-20cm, produce new descendant spring in 2012 to lure the peony plant base portion into.
Florescence in spring in 2012 bud reveals the look phase and investigates individual plant hard branch cut-flower output and the hard branch cut-flower length that spring pruning is then selected and remain the cut-flower branch, the results are shown in Table 1, and carries out cut-flower and gather.
Annual duplication of production
Before spring in 2013, plant sprouted, long long, the robust growth of the branch of selecting and remain in the descendant in 2012 and the full descendant of terminal bud, cultivate as the cut-flower branch that will gather in 2013, all the other descendants are cut from base portion, and to peony plant base portion hilling 15-20cm, produce new descendant spring in 2013 to lure the peony plant base portion into.
The field management of above two kinds of methods all is mainly rich water quality management and the extermination of disease and insect pest: topdress to peony plant every year, topdress as main take Winter-Spring resting stage, Hua Houfei is auxiliary, fertilizer type is take fertilizer as main, fertilizer in the present embodiment is the Chicken dung of buying from market, the each fertilizing amount of every strain of topdressing was controlled in the scope of 2500g and get final product Winter-Spring resting stage, and Hua Houfei is general, and every strain fertilizing amount is 500g-1000g, and specifically topdressing amount can be grasped flexibly in conjunction with the soil fertility situation.Water once permeable in conjunction with topdressing.Water at ordinary times for see dried see wet; For the cut-flower tree peony in will paying attention to the plantation of other tree peony the common damage by disease and insect, clip branch on the ground year after year, the more more easy infection of collar place wound, therefore, the maintenance to otch behind the clip cut-flower is also extremely important.Concrete control and processing method can referring to the method for Xu Jinguang etc. (Xu Jinguang etc. tree peony production technology [M]. Beijing: Chinese agriculture publishing house, 2002:69-83) and single grand etc. method (single grand, Zheng Aiqin. cut-flower tree peony production technology [J]. Chinese countryside science and technology .2003 (10): 13-14).
The different pruning of table 1 period is on the impact of tree peony individual plant cut-flower branch output and cut-flower branch length
As can be seen from Table 1, the hard branch cut-flower output of two kinds of processing modes is more or less the same, all near 8/strain.The hard branch cut-flower branch of two kinds of processing modes is long substantially all more than 40cm, the longest spray reaches 60cm, two groups the hard branch cut-flower average length of totally 30 strains be 47.5cm, can satisfy the requirement of stem of flower length, produce the cut-flower product of different size according to the market demand.The method can effectively prolong the length of tree peony cut-flower branch, overcomes the shorter defective of tree peony cut-flower branch, and can carry out year after year the production of tree peony cut-flower.
The comparison of embodiment 2 the present invention hard branch cut-flower and traditional spray cut-flower
The tree peony cut-flower that the present embodiment is gathered is first group and second group totally 30 strain peony plants florescence in spring in 2012 the tree peony cut-flower of gathering among the embodiment 1.
The concrete grammar that spray is gathered is selected the bud diameter for reveal the look phase (sepal splits, and outer petal exposes, and sepal moves in the bud middle and lower part, the bud top fluffs, deliquescing) at bud〉30cm and the consistent spray that grows gather.The hard branch of the present invention cut-flower (comprising annual branch part and biennial part) when gathering the clip position show as Fig. 1 3. shown in, standard is length＞45cm; Tradition spray cut-flower clip position is with reference to 1. shown in the annual branch of Fig. 1, and standard is length＞25cm.
Sheared standard compliant cut-flower branch at 8 o'clock in the morning, put into immediately the Plastic Drum rehydration that fills the dark clear water of 5-7cm, make it fully absorb water, recover turgescence, move to afterwards shady and cool clean place and prune the arrangement spray.Every keeps 2 compound leaves in top, and Yu Shuizhong cuts off base portion, makes that traditional spray cut-flower length is unified to be 25cm, and the hard branch of the present invention cut-flower length is unified to be 45cm.With the dust on the clean bud of clear water and the blade, process with the cutflower preservation treatment fluid simultaneously.
It is that the cut-flower branch is upright that the cutflower preservation treatment fluid is processed, it is dark cutflower preservation treatment fluid (the AVB pretreating reagents of 20 ㎝ that base portion is put into, produced by the bright CHRYSAL of Dutch Bao Kangkeli company, a kind of special general procedure liquid for ethene responsive type cutflower preservation) the middle 6h of processing, contrasting is that the clear water under the similarity condition is processed.
At last, the cut-flower branch of handling well is banded together with per 5 of newspaper, place 2-4 ℃ of freezer to process stand-by.
Refrigeration is processed with bottle and inserted observation: 4 refrigeration processing times (0d, 7d, 14d, 21d) are set, and each processes 5 repetitions.After refrigeration is processed spray is taken out in the bottle that inserts 500ml, 1 every bottle, splendid attire 200ml clear water in the bottle does not change water in the slotting process of bottle, observes in indoor (temperature 23-30 ℃, relative moisture 47.9-60.1%) only has the environment of natural scattering light.
1 of every afternoon is inserted the flower diameter of cut-flower with slide measure Measurement accuracy bottle, observe and opening status and the branches and leaves situation of change of record flower.By the process of blooming of the slotting cut-flower of record bottle, measure bottle and insert a life-span (from beginning to occur bluely to become, wilt, come off or the slotting fate of bottle of the front 1d that outer petal is obviously crispaturaed to flower from the cut-flowers in bottle) and best viewing period length (lasting fate of phase declined from the half-open phase to the beginning).
The results are shown in Figure 2 and Fig. 3: hard branch cut-flower water absorbing capacity is strong, and stored refrigerated is effective, and the bottle after the refrigeration is inserted life-span, best viewing period and all is better than the spray cut-flower, and the slotting quality of overall bottle is better.Hard branch cut-flower is as tree peony cut-flower production material, and the reliable while of cut-flower ornamental quality has overcome again the shorter drawback that can't carry out the cut-flower cultivation of tree peony spray, therefore for the feasible new way that provides of tree peony cut-flower production is provided.
Explanation is at last, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is had been described in detail, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can carry out the modification in the parameter area or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not breaking away from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the hard branch of a tree peony cut-flower production method comprises the steps:
1) peony plant preliminary treatment
Select the peony plant of robust growth, then fall pruning stump or next year spring pruning stump, plant base portion hilling 15-20cm behind the stump, Second Year begin tree peony cut-flower branch and cultivate and gather;
2) tree peony cut-flower branch is cultivated and is gathered
Spring, the peony plant base portion sprout to produce a large amount of descendants, then when fall pruning or next year spring pruning:
Long long, the robust growth of the branch of selecting and remain wherein and the full descendant of terminal bud are cultivated as the cut-flower branch, and gather from the base portion of biennial branch in the next year bud saturating look phase, obtain the hard branch of tree peony cut-flower;
All the other descendants are cut from base portion, and peony plant base portion hilling 15-20cm is produced new descendant to lure it in next year spring;
3) annual repeating step 2).
2. the hard branch of tree peony according to claim 1 cut-flower production method is characterized in that, the peony plant of the described robust growth of step 1) by the tree peony seedling of planting, is supported seedling and obtained in 1 year; The described tree peony seedling of planting, carry out in the fall:
The front ecological habit according to tree peony of planting is chosen the soil, uses sufficient base fertilizer, meticulous whole ground;
Seeding row spacing according to 80cm * 80cm when planting digs kind of a plant hole, cave mouth 20cm * 20cm, and degree of depth 40-45cm is put in tree peony axillary seedling or grafting in the cave, and root system is evenly distributed, and bankets and tamping.
3. the hard branch of tree peony according to claim 1 cut-flower production method, it is characterized in that, step 2) described gathering, for before at 10 in the morning, selecting to be in the cut-flower branch of the saturating look of bud phase, from the base portion clip cut-flower branch of biennial branch, put into immediately the container that fills the dark clear water of 5-7cm and make it fully absorb water, recover turgescence, move to afterwards shady and cool clean place pruning arrangement and obtain the hard branch of the tree peony cut-flower neat, that length is unified, after the processing of cutflower preservation treatment fluid, direct added sale or storage are preserved.
4. the hard branch of tree peony according to claim 3 cut-flower production method, it is characterized in that, described pruning arrangement keeps 2 compound leaves in top for every, Yu Shuizhong prunes cut-flower branch base portion makes the length of the cut-flower branch of adopting unified, with the dust on the clean bud of clear water and the blade, obtain the hard branch of the tree peony cut-flower neat, that length is unified.
5. the hard branch of tree peony according to claim 3 cut-flower production method is characterized in that, described storage saves as with newspaper the hard branch of a some tree peonies cut-flower to be tied up to be placed in the 2-4 ℃ of freezer and preserves.
6. the hard branch of tree peony according to claim 3 cut-flower production method is characterized in that, described cutflower preservation treatment fluid is ethene responsive type cutflower preservation treatment fluid.
7. the hard branch of tree peony according to claim 3 cut-flower production method is characterized in that, described cutflower preservation treatment fluid is AVB pretreating reagent or the STS reagent of the bright CHRYSAL of Dutch Bao Kangkeli company.
8. the hard branch of tree peony according to claim 1 cut-flower production method is characterized in that, the hard branch of tree peony of the present invention cut-flower production method also comprises field management.
9. the application of the hard branch of each described tree peony of claim 1-8 cut-flower production method in the tree peony cut-flower is produced.
10. application according to claim 9 is characterized in that, Varieties of Peony is ' WULONGPENGSHANG '.
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| CN104686136A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-10 | 临夏州振华牡丹园艺科技有限责任公司 | Cut-flower paeonia rockii cultivating and flower cutting method |
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| CN106068848A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-09 | 安庆蓝珊瑚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of semi-automatic detacher of sago cycas tiller |
| CN111990198A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-27 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Rapid cultivation method of single-stem peony |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104686136A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-10 | 临夏州振华牡丹园艺科技有限责任公司 | Cut-flower paeonia rockii cultivating and flower cutting method |
| CN105284444A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-03 | 安徽馨佳园农业科技有限公司 | Storing and freshness keeping technology for essential oil flowers |
| CN106068848A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2016-11-09 | 安庆蓝珊瑚生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of semi-automatic detacher of sago cycas tiller |
| CN111990198A (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2020-11-27 | 洛阳农林科学院 | Rapid cultivation method of single-stem peony |
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