CN103274528A - Method for performing ecological restoration for water body by virtue of beta vulgaris - Google Patents
Method for performing ecological restoration for water body by virtue of beta vulgaris Download PDFInfo
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- CN103274528A CN103274528A CN2013102056558A CN201310205655A CN103274528A CN 103274528 A CN103274528 A CN 103274528A CN 2013102056558 A CN2013102056558 A CN 2013102056558A CN 201310205655 A CN201310205655 A CN 201310205655A CN 103274528 A CN103274528 A CN 103274528A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for performing ecological restoration for a water body by virtue of beta vulgaris. The method for performing ecological restoration for the water body by virtue of beta vulgaris provided by the invention specifically comprises the following steps of: planting beta vulgaris on an ecological floating bed, and placing in the to-be-restored water body, thus realizing the ecological restoration for the to-be-restored water body. According to the method disclosed by the invention, nutrient substances of nitrogen, nitrogen and the like in the aquaculture water body are absorbed via beta vulgaris, so as to prevent and treat the eutrophication of the water body, and reduce the contents of nitrogen and nitrogen in the aquaculture water body; and beta vulgaris is periodically harvested and sold to obtain economic benefits. The method disclosed by the invention is capable of effectively solving the problem of the deterioration of the aquaculture water body, recovering the ecological environment of aquaculture, and realizing the harmony and unity of environmental benefits and economic benefits by harvesting beta vulgaris as the vegetable with a high economic value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method that a kind of water ecology is repaired, particularly a kind of Hong of utilization Chard dish method of aquaculture system being carried out restoration of the ecosystem.
Background technology
In recent years, along with developing rapidly of water industry intensive culture, aquaculture model mostly is high-density breeding, aquatic animal breeding density height, the abundance of food of throwing something and feeding is big, very easily accumulate organism such as a large amount of residual baits, movement, dead residual body in the aquaculture water, cause total nitrogen in the aquaculture water, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen and nitrite equal size to exceed standard, harmful germ grows in a large number, the physique of cultivated animals descends, anti-stress ability is poor, finally may cause the big area outburst of aquatic animal disease, causes the tremendous economic loss.Changing water is the most effective and direct method that high-density breeding solves water quality deterioration, but the direct discharging of breeding wastewater can cause the pollution of surrounding enviroment, and China's water resources is poor relatively, cleans the undersupply at water source in a large number.Therefore, the major issue that adopts effective, safe method regulation and control and purifying aquatic water water quality to become the culture fishery Sustainable development.
At present, aquaculture system regulation and control and purifying method mainly contain three kinds of physics method, chemical method and biological processes.What use always in the physics method is directly to change water, this method instant effect, but water resource waste is serious, and surrounding enviroment are polluted in institute's effluent meeting.Chemical process is utilized reactions such as chemical agent and pollutent generation oxidation, reduction, precipitation, polymerization, pollutent is separated or Degradation and Transformation becomes nontoxic, harmless chemical form from water body, but the expense height of chemical Treatment easily causes secondary pollution.Biological process is to utilize microorganism, plant, animal etc., with the contaminant degradation in the water body, be converted into other innoxious substances.With respect to other recovery techniques, biological process meets the viewpoint of ecology and Sustainable development, have expense low, handle simple to operate and advantages such as security height, be big, an eco-friendly treatment technology of development potentiality.Wherein, artificial ecology floating bed technology was widely applied in aquaculture system is regulated and control in recent years owing to have good purification, simple to operate, advantage such as landscape effect is good.The selection of floating bed waterplant must have characteristics such as enhanced water resistance, high water purification ability, ease for operation concurrently as the core of this technology.
Hong Chard dish (Beta vulgarisvar.cicla), another name red autumnal leaves beet, chard, red leaf beet, mutation for the Chenopodiaceae Beta, originate in European Mediterranean Sea bank, in recent years Beijing special vegetable base small area plantation, the gift dish of hotel, restaurant and the Holidays in supply capital, the emerald green quality of its blade is soft sliding tender, petiole bright red quality is tender and crisp, and eaten by each personage's of stratum happiness.Hong Chard dish is put in order the red stalk greenery of strain, and petiole is sent out bright red, and the blade face is emerald green, has very high ornamental value, can sell as potted plant growing vegetables again, also can plant around field of vegetables and in the institute roadside beautify the environment.Red beet is nutritious, contains crude protein, soluble sugar, crude fat, food fibre, vitamins C, nicotinic acid etc., contains potassium, sodium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron, calcium, mineral substance such as zinc, manganese, copper.Per 100 grams contain crude protein 1.38 grams, Mierocrystalline cellulose 2.87 grams, fat 0.1 gram, dehydroretinol .14 milligram, vitamins B
10.05 milligram, vitamins B
20.11 milligram, 45 milligrams of vitamins Cs, 164 milligrams in potassium, 75.5 milligrams of calcium, 63.1 milligrams in magnesium, 33.6 milligrams in phosphorus, 1.03 milligrams of iron, 0.24 milligram on zinc, 0.15 milligram in manganese, 0.58 milligram in strontium, 0.2 milligram on selenium.Hong Chard dish suitability is very strong, has characteristics cold-resistant, heat-resisting, drought-enduring, anti-fertilizer, increment height, quality better under nice and cool, moistening weather condition.Its main root prosperity is elongated garden taper, close life two routine lateral roots on it.Therefore the tender strain of can after planting once gathering of Hong Chard dish also can repeatedly shell leaf and gather.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Hong of utilization Chard dish and carry out the method that water ecology is repaired.This method mainly be at nitrogen, phosphorus content in the water body in the present aquaculture process exceed standard, the serious problems of water quality deterioration, a kind of operability height of proposition, the waterplant control technique that detergent power is strong, economic worth is high.
The Hong of utilization Chard dish provided by the present invention carries out the method that water ecology is repaired, and specifically can comprise the steps: Hong Chard colza is planted on biological floating bed, places water body to be repaired, thereby realizes the restoration of the ecosystem to described water body to be repaired.
In described method, described biological floating bed 20～40% of the described coverage of water to be repaired that accounts for is as 30%.
In described method, planting in the spacing in the rows of described described Hong Chard dish on biological floating bed is 10～15cm, as 12cm.
In described method, described Hong Chard colza is planted when described biological floating bed go up for long the above De Hong Chard dish of 5 leaves (5 are launched a leaf fully) seedling.In one embodiment of the invention, described Hong Chard colza is planted when described biological floating bed go up has 5～7 leaves (to launch leaf) De Hong Chard dish seedling fully for long.
In described method, described Hong Chard colza is planted when described biological floating bed go up, the plant root is immersed in the water, cauline leaf expose to described biological floating bed on.
Concrete, treat that cultivating pool temperature is more than 15 ℃ the time, choose launch fully leaf more than 5, robust plant, well-grown, uniform Hong Chard dish seedling, be transplanted to biological floating bed on, earth culture seedling and water planting seedling all can, the earth culture seedling needs its bottom sediment is cleaned up, the plant root is immersed in the water, and cauline leaf exposes on the carrier, and foundation portion and floating bed contact part can wrap with absorbent cotton, prevent that seedling from skewing, but parcel can not tension influence Hong Radix Betae system growth later on.
In described method, described biological floating bed can being made by polystyrene or polyethylene foam sheet etc.
In described method, the pore size of described implantation hole on biological floating bed is 5～6cm.
In described method, described water body to be repaired can be eutrophication water.
Described eutrophication water is compared with the water body before the eutrophication, and the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water body obviously increases, so that water body is produced pollution.
In one embodiment of the invention, described water body to be repaired is specially the simulation eutrophication water.
Content of total nitrogen is 2～10mg/L in the described simulation eutrophication water, and is concrete as 2mg/L as 2～5mg/L or 5～10mg/L, or 5mg/L, or 10mg/L; The content of total phosphorus (in phosphoric acid salt) is 0.2～0.80mg/L in the described simulation eutrophication water, and is concrete as 0.2mg/L as 0.2～0.4mg/L or 0.4～0.8mg/L, or 0.4mg/L, or 0.8mg/L
Described simulation eutrophication water is to form add nitrogen, phosphorus and other element in distilled water after; The various elements that contain in the described simulation eutrophication water and the final concentration in described simulation eutrophication water thereof are specifically as shown in table 1.
Described water body to be repaired is after method provided by the present invention is carried out restoration of the ecosystem, and the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the water body obviously reduces.
In the present invention, all described nitrogen all can be total nitrogen (nitrogen element) more than; More than all described phosphorus all can be total phosphorus (phosphoric).
Described method also can comprise regularly the step of gathering in described described Hong Chard dish on biological floating bed to planting.
In described method, plant grows to about 15 leaves and can gather, and extracts 2～3 of outer foils (tender leaf) at every turn, sells after trimming petiole base, gathers once in per approximately 8～10 days.
The present invention adopts high economic worth waterplant Hong Chard dish that aquaculture water water quality is purified, by nutritive substances such as the nitrogen in the Hong Chard dish absorption aquaculture water, phosphorus, the control body eutrophication, reduce nitrogen, phosphorus content in the aquaculture water, sell Hong Chard dish simultaneously by regularly gathering and obtain economic benefit.As seen, the present invention can not only solve the aquaculture water deterioration problem effectively, improves the water body environment quality, and can realize the harmony of environmental benefit and economic benefit by harvesting Hong Chard dish as high economic worth vegetables.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is biological floating bed.A and B are biological floating bed.
The concentration of total nitrogen over time in the test of Fig. 2 Wei Hong Chard dish simulation eutrophication water water purification.Wherein, the total nitrogen starting point concentration is 2.0mg/L among the A; The total nitrogen starting point concentration is 5.0mg/L among the B; The total nitrogen starting point concentration is 10.0mg/L among the C.
The concentration of total phosphorus over time in the test of Fig. 3 Wei Hong Chard dish simulation eutrophication water water purification.Wherein, the total phosphorus starting point concentration is 0.2mg/L among the A; The total phosphorus starting point concentration is 0.4mg/L among the B; The total phosphorus starting point concentration is 0.8mg/L among the C.
Embodiment
Employed experimental technique is ordinary method if no special instructions among the following embodiment.
Used material, reagent etc. if no special instructions, all can obtain from commercial channels among the following embodiment.
Red Chard dish: buy from Xiao Tangshan special vegetable base, Beijing." Sun Tijian, Wang Haojiang, Cao Xiaofeng. extraction and the stability study thereof of red Chard dish haematochrome. Mountain Western Medicine S University's journal, in June, 2004,35(3): 253-256 " also record red Chard dish in the literary composition.
Biological floating bed with polystyrene foam plate as carrier (as shown in Figure 1).Plantation is spaced apart the spacing in the rows of 12cm(Ji Hong Chard dish on biological floating bed), the aperture is the circular hole of 5～6cm, size is inserted test plant just.
The test of embodiment 1, Hong Chard dish simulation eutrophication water water purification
One, biological floating bed preparation
Select for use polystyrene foam plate as biological floating bed carrier (shown in A among Fig. 1).Plantation is spaced apart 12cm, and the aperture is the circular hole of 5～6cm, and size is inserted test plant just.
Two,, the plantation of Hong Chard dish seedling on biological floating bed
Treat that cultivating pool temperature is more than 15 ℃ the time, choose launch fully leaf 5～7 De Hong Chard dish seedlings be transplanted to biological floating bed on, require robust plant, well-grown, big or small homogeneous, earth culture seedling and water planting seedling all can, the earth culture seedling needs its bottom sediment is cleaned up, and the plant root is immersed under water, cauline leaf exposes on the carrier, the available absorbent cotton of foundation portion wraps, and prevents that seedling from skewing, but parcel can not tension influence Hong Radix Betae system growth later on.
Three,, Hong Chard dish laboratory water purification simulation test
1, the making of laboratory simulation water body
Add distilled water in cylinder, middle nitrogen, phosphorus and other nutritive element of adding made simulation eutrophication water to be repaired again.According to " water environment quality standard GB3838-2002 " three total nitrogens and total phosphorus concentration gradient are set, other nutritive substance concentration is according to Huo Gelan nutrient solution formulated (table 1).
Each nutritive substance concentration unit: mg/L in the table 1 simulation water body
2, Shi Yan grouping setting
According to the concentration gradient that above-mentioned nitrogen and phosphoric arrange, be divided into three groups (low concentration group, middle concentration group and high density group) greatly, each concentration gradient is one group, every group establish two parallel, establish a control group simultaneously.Place in the test group cylinder and readyly in the step 2 planted the biological floating bed of Hong Chard dish, biological floating bed area accounts for 30% of coverage of water.Place identical polystyrene foam plate, not kind of plant in the control group cylinder.Test duration 42 days, water temperature maintains 16～18 ℃, adopts plant growth lamp to carry out light filling in the process of the test, and light application time is 8h/ days, regularly adds distilled water weekly and replenishes drain evaporation.Observe and record the growth conditions of Hong Chard dish plant on the one hand weekly, monitor total phosphorus and content of total nitrogen in the water body weekly on the other hand when the experiment beginning, measuring method is according to " water and effluent monitoring analytical procedure (the 4th edition) ".The experiment triplicate, results averaged.
3, result
(1) Hong Chard dish growth conditions
， Hong Chard dish well-grown in entire test, every strain plant all has young leaves to send, and blade obviously increases, and transplants that plant strain growth speeds up after 10 days, and plant and petiole length obviously increase.The plant root well-grown, after transplanting, grow new root very soon, prolongation along with the plantation time, root system of plant length increases than having more significantly before testing, the root system rate of growth is respectively 0.295,0.329 and 0.365cm/ days under three concentration gradients, average out to 0.330 ± 0.035cm/ days (table 2).Observe and find, the root hair on its root system is abundant, and the main root hair is sturdy, and the supporting root capillary is close long.Root system of plant is the important channel of plant purification eutrophication water to absorption and the adsorption of pollutent, its root system position can provide a good pollutent absorption to transform the interface, and huge root system of plant provides good habitat for microorganism, and therefore good root growth situation can significantly improve plant to the purification efficiency of eutrophication water.Red Radix Betae system is flourishing, and it is elongated coniform that main root is, the close life of lateral root it on, so can well absorb nutritive substances such as nitrogen in the water body, phosphorus, purification efficiency height.
Table 2 Hong Chard dish growth conditions statistics
(2) water body purification effect
The concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus situation such as Fig. 2～shown in Figure 4 over time in the water purification simulation test of Hong Chard dish laboratory.， Hong Chard dish all has removal effect preferably to total nitrogen and total phosphorus as seen from the figure.(C under three concentration
0=2,5,10mg/L) Hong Chard dish is respectively 42.5%, 52.03% and 46.82% to the clearance of total nitrogen, average out to 47.12%, when starting point concentration is 5.0mg/L to the removal ability the strongest (Fig. 2) of total nitrogen.(C under three concentration
0=0.2,0.4,0.8mg/L) Hong Chard dish is respectively 32.91%, 53.73% and 42.51% to the clearance of total phosphorus, average out to 43.05%, when starting point concentration is 0.4mg/L to the removal ability the strongest (Fig. 3) of total phosphorus.Relatively there is not considerable change when total nitrogen and total phosphorous and experiment were initial in the control group when experiment finished.Above-mentioned data show, biological floating bed total nitrogen and the total phosphorus that can well absorb in the water body of red Chard dish reduces its concentration.The table 3 clearance result that total nitrogen and total phosphorus calculate in the water body when finishing according to 42d experiment.
Table 3 Hong Chard dish laboratory water purification analog reslt
Annotate: value before clearance=(value before the experiment-experiment back measured value)/experiment.
Claims (10)
1. utilize Hong Chard dish to carry out the method that water ecology is repaired, comprise the steps: Hong Chard colza is planted on biological floating bed, place water body to be repaired, thereby realize the restoration of the ecosystem to described water body to be repaired.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described biological floating bed 20～40% of the described coverage of water to be repaired that accounts for.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: in the described method, planting in the spacing in the rows of described described Hong Chard dish on biological floating bed is 10～15cm.
4. according to arbitrary described method among the claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: in the described method, it is the 5 above Hong Chard of leaf dish seedlings that described Hong Chard colza is planted when described biological floating bed go up.
5. according to arbitrary described method among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that: in the described method, described Hong Chard colza is planted when described biological floating bed go up, the plant root is immersed in the water, cauline leaf expose to described biological floating bed on.
6. according to arbitrary described method among the claim 1-5, it is characterized in that: described biological floating bedly made by polystyrene or polyethylene foam sheet.
7. according to arbitrary described method among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: described water body to be repaired is eutrophication water.
8. according to arbitrary described method among the claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: described method also comprises regularly the step of gathering in described described Hong Chard dish on biological floating bed to planting.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described gathering when described Hong Chard dish plant grows to 15 leaves, described frequency of gathering are to gather once in per 8～10 days.
10. according to Claim 8 or 9 described methods, it is characterized in that: described described Hong Chard dish plant position of gathering is 2～3 of outer foils.
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| CN108605685A (en) * | 2018-04-10 | 2018-10-02 | 浙江大学 | A kind of breeding seawater restorative procedure in production |
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| US20110008317A1 (en) * | 2007-08-02 | 2011-01-13 | The Forestry Commission | Charcoals |
| CN102000692A (en) * | 2010-12-09 | 2011-04-06 | 沈阳大学 | Agricultural method for recovering cadmium pollution farmland soil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103663713A (en) * | 2013-12-20 | 2014-03-26 | 中山大学 | Biological compound treatment agent for sewage and sewage treatment method |
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Application publication date: 20130904 |