CN102962246A - Method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil/bottom mud using beta vulgaris var.cicla l - Google Patents
Method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil/bottom mud using beta vulgaris var.cicla l Download PDFInfo
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- CN102962246A CN102962246A CN2012104622724A CN201210462272A CN102962246A CN 102962246 A CN102962246 A CN 102962246A CN 2012104622724 A CN2012104622724 A CN 2012104622724A CN 201210462272 A CN201210462272 A CN 201210462272A CN 102962246 A CN102962246 A CN 102962246A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for repairing cadmium-polluted soil/bottom mud using beta vulgaris var.cicla l. According to the method, beta vulgaris var.cicla l is planted in cadminum-polluted soil/bottom mud, and the plant is entirely moved out from the polluted soil/bottom mud when growing to the mature period to achieve the purpose of removing heavy metal cadmium in the soil/bottom mud; the planted vulgaris var.cicla l adopts the beta vulgaris var.cicla l with 4-6 true leaves which is transplanted into the cadmium-polluted soil/bottom mud; and the beta vulgaris var.cicla l planted in the cadmium-polluted soil/bottom mud is planted in a green house, and regularly watered to enable the soil water content to be kept at 60-70 percent of the field water capacity. The method can keep permanent treatment effect, in-situ treatment process, low treatment cost, environmental aesthetics and simple post-treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the phytoremediation technology field of heavy-metal contaminated soil/bed mud, specifically a kind of method of utilizing leaf Yong Hong Chard dish remediating heavy metal cadmium pollution soil/bed mud.
Background technology
Heavy metal pollution of soil not only causes the underproduction of grain, and enter the life and health of food chain and then harm humans by plant absorbing, simultaneously the heavy metal in the contaminated soil is as potential secondary pollution source, possibly by runoff, leaching and polluted surface water and underground water.At present, China is subjected to nearly 2,000 ten thousand hectares of the cultivated area of the heavy metal pollutions such as cadmium, arsenic, chromium, lead, account for 1/5 of total area under cultivation, the whole nation is annual because of more than 1,000 ten thousand tons in heavy metal pollution underproduction grain, contaminated by heavy metals grain also reaches 1,200 ten thousand tons every year, and cancer morbidity and the death rate that some areas are relevant with heavy metal pollution of soil constantly rise.
Sediment pollution is one of important research content of river pollution, also is outstanding environmental problem in the world wide.Important component part as river ecosystem, bed mud is not only the key link of river Cycle of nutrients, and be the main centralized repository of nutriment, mainly accumulate the storehouse as Mixing Coefficient in Rectangular Channels, bed mud not only can directly reflect the pollution history of water body, and can discharge various pollutants to overlying water under certain condition, be the important secondary pollution source that affects water quality of river.Ceaselessly carrying out mass exchange between bed mud and the overlying water, the pollutant levels that are dissolved in the water will be subject to the impact of bed mud to a great extent.Therefore, research and improvement that bed mud in river pollutes are the important contents of river pollution comprehensive improvement, are one of important channels that fundamentally solves the river pollution problem.
Therefore, the improvement of heavy-metal contaminated soil/desilting sediment has become extremely urgent environmental problem with reparation.
The recovery technique of heavy-metal contaminated soil is nothing more than physics, chemistry and the method such as biological, and these methods can be divided into two large types: a class is newly soil of soil moved in to improve the original, landfill, covering.Such engineering measure is relatively more classical Remediation Methods for Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil, though it has thorough, stable characteristics, but the enforcement quantities is large, investment cost is high, destroy soil structures, cause that soil fertility descends, and will stack or process the dirty soil that swaps out, not a kind of desirable contaminated soil restorative procedure therefore.Also having a class is the ways such as drip washing and phytoremediation, this class way can fundamentally solve the removal problem of heavy metal, wherein drip washing is with chemical solvent polluted soil to be cleaned, the heavy metal flush away, but also there is the problem of secondary pollution in this way except costly and quantities is large, the toxic solvent how Treatment of Washing is got off is a difficult problem, soil after drip washing has often become gravel in addition, has lost the function of soil itself, greatly reduces value.Therefore, at present in the world the focus of research concentrate on the phytoremediation technology with the characteristics such as safe, cheap, green and study.For three class methods such as the physics of the Heavy Metal Pollution Control of desilting sediment, biological and chemicals, physical method drops into too large, chemical method is difficult lasting, heavy metal super-enriched and the tolerant plant that utilizes nature to exist, heavy metal in the bed mud is shifted out bed mud, build good ecological environment, reach the effect of comprehensive improvement desilting sediment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing leaf Yong Hong Chard dish remediating heavy metal cadmium pollution soil/bed mud, the method can keep the original position of the permanent and governance process of regulation effect, the cheap property for the treatment of cost, the compatibility of the aesthetics of environment and the simplification of post-processed.
A kind of method of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish remediating heavy metal cadmium pollution soil/bed mud of utilizing is:
Plantation leaf Yong Hong Chard dish when leaf Yong Hong Chard dish grows into the maturity period, is removed plant integral body from contaminated soil/bed mud, and then is realized removing the purpose of heavy metal cadmium in soil/bed mud in cadmium pollution soil/bed mud.
Described plantation leaf Yong Hong Chard dish is to contain the leaf Yong Hong Chard dish seedling replanting of 4-6 sheet true leaf in the soil/bed mud of heavy metal cadmium.
Described leaf Yong Hong Chard dish of planting in heavy metal cadmium soil/bed mud adopts greenhouse production, regularly waters, and makes soil moisture content remain on the 60-70% of field capacity.
Described leaf Yong Hong Chard dish of planting in heavy metal cadmium soil/bed mud, when plant growth removed plant integral body to the maturity period, this plant is planted in the multiple reversal multiple cropping again, until the cadmium in soil/bed mud reaches soil/bed mud environmental safety standard.
The present invention has following advantage:
Phytoremediation technology is take Plant Tolerance and enrichment certain or some organic or inorganic pollutant as the basis, utilizes the processes such as plant absorbing accumulation and plant rhizosphere filtration, a kind of environmental pollution treatment technology of pollutant in the removing environment.Phytoremediation technology is with low cost with it, beautifies the environment, and applied range, and stable earth's surface, reduce the characteristics such as soil erosion and pollutant leaching and receive concern both domestic and external, become the focus of pollution ecology and Research of Environmental Sciences.Research data shows that the cost of phytoremediation is the 1/20-1/4 of other restorative procedures, thereby is with a wide range of applications.Phytoremediation technology is absorption, volatilization, the root filter by plant, the effect such as stable, purify and fixed environment in pollutant, reach the purpose of environment purification.Phytoremediation technology has following advantage: the 1. original position of the permanent and governance process of regulation effect; 2. the cheap property for the treatment of cost; 3. the compatibility of the aesthetics of environment; 4. the simplification of post-processed.Leaf Yong Hong Chard dish of the present invention (Beta vulgaris var.cicla L.) claims again to be the mutation of Li Ke Chard colza for red leaf beet, and plant strain growth is strong, and blade, petiole are aubergine or cerise, have good ornamental value.The cultivation suitability is strong, and disease and pest is few.
The specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1 potted plant concentration gradient experiment
The potted plant experiment place is in greenhouse, school district, University Of Shenyang south, and this place is at the center, Shenyang City, and pollution-free source around the experimental site is the uncontaminated district of heavy metal, belongs to the moistening and half moistening warm temperate continental climate that affected by monsoon.Potted plant experiment soil picks up from top layer (0-20cm) soil of pollution-free area in the ecological station, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang, soil types is meadow burozem, its basic physical and chemical is: pH value 6.5, content of organic matter 15.5g/kg, total Cd content 0.12 mg/kg, soil mechanical composition sand grains 21.4%, powder 46.5%, clay 32.1%.
This experiment arranges 6 processing, adopts above-mentioned cleaning soil self-control Cd contaminated soil, behind the cleaning soil natural air drying, crosses the 2mm sieve, with CdCl
22.5H
2It is pure that O(analyzes) form admixes pollutant, and Cd adds concentration for the treatment of and is respectively: 0 mg/kg(Cd0), and 5 mg/kg(Cd5), 10 mg/kg(Cd10), 25 mg/kg(Cd25) and, 50 mg/kg(Cd50), 100 mg/kg(Cd100).The soil balance mixed in the plastic flowerpot of packing into after 2 weeks, every basin native 1.0 kg that pack into, and all are processed and repeat 3 times.
In cleaning soil, grows seedlings after the sterilization of leaf Yong Hong Chard colza, when growing 4-6 sheet true leaf, with leaf Yong Hong Chard dish seedling replanting in above-mentioned cadmium pollution is processed.4 strains of keeping a full stand of seedings of every basin, flowerpot is placed at random and does not regularly replace the position in the greenhouse.Plant is watered with deionized water and maintenance 60-70% field capacity every day.Gather in the crops plant after 3 months.After rinsing well with deionized water, plant sample is divided into overground part and root two parts.Plant sample in baking oven 70 ℃ dry to constant weight after weighing dry weight and record.Store to be measured after the plant mill of oven dry.Aas determination is adopted in the analysis of heavy metal concentration in the plant sample.
Experimental result:
The situation of different disposal inferior lobe Yong Hong Radix Betae section, overground part and gross dry weight is as shown in table 1, and Cd0 compares with control treatment, and Cd concentration is that leaf Yong Hong Radix Betae section, overground part dry weight were without marked change under 5,10 mg/kg processed; When Cd concentration is that its root, overground part dry weight significantly reduced during 25,50,100 mg/kg processed.Always put on, along with the growth of Cd concentration, leaf Yong Hong Radix Betae dry weight, ground dry weight and gross dry weight present downward trend, and when Cd=100 mg/kg, leaf Yong Hong Chard dish plant is short and small, and growth is suppressed, and biomass reaches minimum of a value.
Root, overground part and the gross dry weight (g/pot) of table 1 different disposal inferior lobe Yong Hong Chard dish
| Process numbering | Root dry weight (g/pot) | Overground part dry weight (g/pot) | Gross dry weight (g/pot) |
| Cd0 | 0.24 | 1.544 | 1.784 |
| Cd5 | 0.235 | 1.51 | 1.745 |
| Cd10 | 0.232 | 1.283 | 1.515 |
| Cd25 | 0.196 | 0.964 | 1.16 |
| Cd50 | 0.134 | 0.836 | 0.97 |
| Cd100 | 0.03 | 0.21 | 0.24 |
The heavy metal Cd content of leaf Yong Hong Radix Betae section and overground part all presents identical trend, namely increases along with the increase of pollutant in soil Cd concentration (seeing Table 2).Transfer ratio refers to that plant shoot divides the content of heavy metal and the ratio of root content of beary metal of the same race, can be used to estimate plant with heavy metal by underground transportation to overground part and accumulation ability, transfer ratio is larger, illustrates that then this plant transports heavy metal from ability from root system to above-ground organs is stronger.As shown in Table 2, in set 6 processing of this experiment, the transfer ratio of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish is between 1.73-4.88, and transfer ratio illustrates that all greater than 1 cadmium is stronger to the ability of overground part transhipment by leaf Yong Hong Radix Betae section.Referring to table 2 as can be known, increase (except the Cd100 processing) along with Cd concentration in the soil, Cd accumulation total amount (mg/pot) also increases thereupon in the leaf Yong Hong Chard dish body, and leaf all is far longer than root Cd accumulation with top, red Chard vegetable plot Cd accumulation, can reach by regular results leaf the purpose of removal heavy metal in soil Cd with the way of red Chard dish aerial part.Above-mentioned experimental result shows that leaf has stronger patience with red Chard dish to heavy metal Cd, and be lower than under the condition of 25mg/kg can normal growth for Cd concentration in soil, has the potentiality of repairing the Cd contaminated soil.
Table 2 different disposal inferior lobe Yong Hong Chard dish is to the Accumulation of Cd
Embodiment 2: the potted plant experiment of desilting sediment middle period Yong Hong Chard dish
For trying bed mud: adopt the desilting sediment of front mausoleum, thin river, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province, its physicochemical property adopts conventional agricultural analytical method to measure.Its basic physical and chemical sees Table 1:
Table 1 is for examination bed mud basic physical and chemical
Behind the bed mud natural air drying, cross 2 mm sieve, in the plastic flowerpot of packing into after mixing, every basin bed mud 1.5 kg that pack into apply base fertilizer urea (N 0.1g/kg), potassium chloride (K
2O 0.05 mg/kg), calcium superphosphate (P
2O
50.05g/kg), all are processed and repeat 3 times.
In cleaning soil, grows seedlings after the sterilization of leaf Yong Hong Chard colza, when growing 4-6 sheet true leaf, with leaf Yong Hong Chard dish seedling replanting in above-mentioned cadmium pollution bed mud.4 strains of transplanting seedlings of every basin, flowerpot is placed at random and does not regularly replace the position in the greenhouse.Plant is watered with deionized water and maintenance 60-70% field capacity every day.Gather in the crops plant after 3 months.After rinsing well with deionized water, plant sample is divided into overground part and root two parts.Plant sample in baking oven 70 ℃ dry to constant weight after weighing dry weight and record.Store to be measured after the plant mill of oven dry.Heavy metal Cd in the plant sample, Pb, Cu, aas determination is adopted in the analysis of Zn concentration.
Experimental result:
The ground dry weight of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish and root dry weight are respectively 0.889,0.098 g/pot(and are shown in Table 3).As shown in Table 3, for heavy metal Cd, when heavy metal Cd concentration was 14.725 mg/kg in the desilting sediment, the cadmium concentration of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish above-ground plant parts and root was respectively 139.477,70.134 mg/kg, and its transfer ratio and concentration coefficient are all greater than 1.Leaf Yong Hong Chard dish also has certain cumulative function for the heavy metal Pb in the desilting sediment, Cu, Zn, but its total accumulation to Pb, Cu, Zn is less, and transfer ratio and concentration coefficient are all less than 1.Above-mentioned experimental result shows that in the heavy metal Cd repair process for desilting sediment, leaf has stronger patience with red Chard dish to heavy metal Cd, has the potentiality of repairing the Cd polluted bed mud.
Table 3 leaf Yong Hong Chard dish is to the Accumulation of heavy metal in the desilting sediment
Claims (1)
1. one kind is utilized leaf with the method for red Chard dish remediating heavy metal cadmium pollution soil/bed mud, it is characterized in that: plantation leaf Yong Hong Chard dish in cadmium pollution soil/bed mud, when leaf Yong Hong Chard dish grows into the maturity period, plant integral body from contaminated soil/bed mud is removed, and then realized removing the purpose of heavy metal cadmium in soil/bed mud; Described plantation leaf Yong Hong Chard dish is to contain the leaf Yong Hong Chard dish seedling replanting of 4-6 sheet true leaf in the soil/bed mud of heavy metal cadmium; Described leaf Yong Hong Chard dish of planting in heavy metal cadmium soil/bed mud adopts greenhouse production, regularly waters, and makes soil moisture content remain on the 60-70% of field capacity; Described leaf Yong Hong Chard dish of planting in heavy metal cadmium soil/bed mud, when plant growth removed plant integral body to the maturity period, this plant is planted in the multiple reversal multiple cropping again, until the cadmium in soil/bed mud reaches soil/bed mud environmental safety standard.
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Cited By (7)
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| CN103241839A (en) * | 2013-05-27 | 2013-08-14 | 沈阳大学 | Treatment method of treating cadmium contaminated water |
| CN103274528A (en) * | 2013-05-29 | 2013-09-04 | 北京市水产科学研究所 | Method for performing ecological restoration for water body by virtue of beta vulgaris |
| CN103752595A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-04-30 | 沈阳大学 | Method for repairing cadmium polluted soil by potassium fertilizer improved beta vulgaris var.cicla L. |
| CN103785678A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 沈阳大学 | Method for remediating cadmium-contaminated soil by utilizing nitrogenous fertilizer enhanced leaf beta vulgaris |
| CN105127196A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-09 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Method for restoring soil polluted by heavy metal through combination of magnetotactic bacteria and plants |
| CN105170632A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Method for recovering heavy metal contaminated soil through magnetotactic bacteria and chlorophytum comosum together |
| CN109794497A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-24 | 上海大学 | A kind of charcoal promotes the agricultural land soil restorative procedure of enriching plant absorption heavy metal |
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| CN103785678A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 沈阳大学 | Method for remediating cadmium-contaminated soil by utilizing nitrogenous fertilizer enhanced leaf beta vulgaris |
| CN105127196A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-09 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Method for restoring soil polluted by heavy metal through combination of magnetotactic bacteria and plants |
| CN105170632A (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2015-12-23 | 河南行知专利服务有限公司 | Method for recovering heavy metal contaminated soil through magnetotactic bacteria and chlorophytum comosum together |
| CN109794497A (en) * | 2019-01-17 | 2019-05-24 | 上海大学 | A kind of charcoal promotes the agricultural land soil restorative procedure of enriching plant absorption heavy metal |
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Application publication date: 20130313 |