CN103752595A - Method for repairing cadmium polluted soil by potassium fertilizer improved beta vulgaris var.cicla L. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a method of repairing cadmium polluted soil by potassium fertilizer improved beta vulgaris var.cicla L. and relates to a method for repairing polluted soil. According to the method provided by the invention, a potassium fertilizer is applied into the cadmium polluted soil to be repaired, then the beta vulgaris var.cicla L. can be planted in a mode of directly seeding after disinfection or in a mode of growing seedlings firstly and transplanting secondly; if the mode of growing seedlings firstly and transplanting secondly is adopted, a plant needs to be transplanted after 4-6 true leaves grow on the plant; the beta vulgaris var.cicla L. is harvested after growing for a certain period and is wholly removed from the soil, and the purpose of repairing the cadmium polluted soil is fulfilled. With the adoption of the method, by applying the potassium fertilizer, the biomass of the repairing plant can be increased, the absorption of the plant to cadmium is promoted, the cadmium enrichment quantity of the beta vulgaris var.cicla L. is increased, and the repairing effect of the beta vulgaris var.cicla L. to the cadmium polluted soil is strengthened. The method has the advantages of strong operability, low cost and no secondary pollution and also has the effect of beautifying the environment when treating the polluted soil.

Description

A kind of method of utilizing potash fertilizer strengthening leaf Yong Hong Chard dish cadmium pollution soil repair

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of method of repairing polluted soil, particularly relate to a kind of method of utilizing potash fertilizer strengthening leaf Yong Hong Chard dish cadmium pollution soil repair.

Background technology

Because industrial development, To Mining Development, sewage irrigation and mud heavy metal pollution of soil and the problems of ecological security thereof that mankind's activity causes such as are used and are on the rise.At China's heavy metal, caused large area soil pollution, heavy metal pollution of soil not only causes grain drop in production, and absorb and enter food chain and then harm humans life and health by plant, simultaneously the heavy metal in contaminated soil is as potential secondary pollution source, possibly by runoff, leaching and polluted surface water and underground water.Because heavy metal has chronicity, disguise and irreversibility in soil ecosystem, the reparation of heavy-metal contaminated soil has become the problem that urgently will solve with improvement.

The recovery technique of heavy-metal contaminated soil is nothing more than physics, chemistry and the method such as biological, and these methods can be divided into two large types: a class is newly soil of soil moved in to improve the original, landfill, covering.Deep ploughing is digged for the soil of slight pollution, and soil moved in to improve the original and soil removal and replacement are the common methods for seriously polluted area.This project measure is more classical Remediation Methods for Heavy Metal Contamination of Soil, it has advantages of thorough, stable, but enforcement quantities is large, investment cost is high, destroy soil structures, cause that soil fertility declines, and will the dirt soil swapping out be stacked or be processed, not therefore a kind of desirable contaminated soil restorative procedure.Also having a class is the ways such as drip washing and phytoremediation, these ways can fundamentally solve the removal problem of heavy metal, wherein drip washing is with chemical solvent, polluted soil to be cleaned, heavy metal is washed away, but except costly and quantities is large, also there is secondary pollution problem in this way, the soil after drip washing has often become gravel in addition, the function that has lost soil itself, greatly reduces value.Therefore, at present the focus of research concentrates on the phytoremediation technology with the feature such as safe, cheap, green and studies in the world.Phytoremediation technology tool has the following advantages: the 1. original position of the permanent and governance process of regulation effect; 2. the cheap property for the treatment of cost; 3. the compatibility of the aesthetics of environment; 4. the simplification of post-processed.But the ultraproduct for phytoremediation is tired out or the common poor growth of tolerant plant, and plant is short and small, and Aboveground Biomass of Young is little, has limited the large-scale application of phytoremediation technology.Fertilising is the conventional measure in agricultural production, nutrient is also one of indispensable factor in soil-plant system, therefore, from nutrient angle, by applying suitable nutrient form or applicable application process, directly or indirectly affect heavy metal and in soil-plant system, transport and transmit in food chain, promote growth and the absorption of plant, increase the biological effectiveness of heavy metal, thereby improve the overall efficiency of phytoremediation, this reparation for soil quality improvement and heavy-metal contaminated soil, improvement have important practical significance.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of utilizing potash fertilizer strengthening leaf Yong Hong Chard dish cadmium pollution soil repair, the method is by applying potash fertilizer, not only promote the growth of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish, and improve plant to the absorption of cadmium and accumulation, and then the remediation efficiency of raising plant to cadmium, in cadmium pollution soil repair, have the effect of beautifying the environment concurrently, there is good environmental benefit.

The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A method of utilizing potash fertilizer strengthening leaf Yong Hong Chard dish cadmium pollution soil repair, described method comprises following process:

In cadmium pollution soil to be repaired, apply potash fertilizer, its administration form is a kind of in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, and K Amounts is 0.05 g/kg K ₂o, in liquid form or solid form, potash fertilizer being evenly manured into soil, then plants leaf Yong Hong Chard dish, the mode that leaf Yong Hong Chard dish adopts the seed after sterilization directly to sow, or adopt the mode of transplanting afterwards of first growing seedlings to plant; As adopted the planting patterns of first growing seedlings and transplanting afterwards, need to when growing 4-6 sheet true leaf, plant transplant; Until plant growth, to the regular period, gather in the crops plant, plant integral body from soil is removed and realizes cadmium pollution soil reparation; Leaf Yong Hong Chard dish adopts outdoor planting, regularly waters, and maintains soil moisture content at the 60-70% of field capacity, treat that plant growth is to the regular period, plant integral body from soil is removed, then this plant of repeated multiple times plantation, until the cadmium concentration in soil reaches the safety standard of soil environment.

Advantage of the present invention and effect are:

The present invention is by applying potash fertilizer, and administration form is a kind of in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, not only promotes the growth of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish, and improves plant to the absorption of cadmium and accumulation, and then improve the remediation efficiency of plant to cadmium.Compare with traditional Remediation of Contaminated Soil, have advantages of that strong operability, cost are low, do not cause secondary pollution, there is good economic and social benefit.Red Chard dish (Beta vulgaris var.cicla L.) for the rehabilitation plant leaf that adopts, strong to the patience of cadmium and accumulation ability, there is good ornamental value, in cadmium pollution soil repair, have the effect of beautifying the environment concurrently, there is good environmental benefit.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is under Different Potassium Fertilizer of the present invention is processed, top, leaf Yong Hong Chard vegetable plot, root and gross dry weight (mg pot ^-1) schematic diagram;

Under Fig. 2 Different Potassium Fertilizer is processed, leaf Yong top, Hong Chard vegetable plot and root Cd concentration (mg kg ^-1) schematic diagram.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing illustrated embodiment, the invention will be further described.

In cadmium pollution soil to be repaired, apply potash fertilizer, administration form is a kind of in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, and applied amount is 0.05 g/kg K ₂o, during potash fertilizer is evenly manured into soil with liquid form or solid form, then plants leaf Yong Hong Chard dish, and the mode that leaf Yong Hong Chard dish can adopt the seed after sterilization directly to sow, also can adopt the mode of transplanting afterwards of first growing seedlings to plant.As adopted the planting patterns of first growing seedlings and transplanting afterwards, need to when growing 4-6 sheet true leaf, plant transplant.

The leaf Yong Hong Chard dish of planting adopts outdoor planting, regularly waters, and makes its soil moisture content maintain the 60-70% of field capacity.Treat that leaf Yong Hong Chard dish grows to the regular period, removes plant integral body from soil, more repeatedly repeatedly plants this plant, until the cadmium in soil reaches soil environment safety standard.

Embodiment 1:

For examination soil, be top layer (0-20cm) soil of pollution-free area in ecological station, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenyang, meadow burozem, basic physical and chemical is: pH value 6.5, total Cd content 0.12 mg kg ^{– 1}, organic 15.5 g kg ^{– 1}, soil mechanical composition sand grains 21.4%, powder 46.5%, clay 32.1%.Adopt the artificially contaminated soil of above-mentioned soil self-control cadmium, after soil natural is air-dry, cross 2mm sieve, with CdCl ₂* 2.5H ₂o form is admixed pollutant, and making Cd concentration in soil is 20 mg kg ^{– 1}.After balance 2 weeks, mix and pack in plastic flowerpot, every basin packs native 1.0 kg into.

Potash fertilizer regulation and control: 8 leaf Yong Hong Chard colzas of every basin sowing, germination is after 10 days, 4 strains of keeping a full stand of seedings of every basin, potash fertilizer adopts 3 kinds of forms: potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, be denoted as respectively: K1, K2 and K3 process, and Potassium Fertilizer is 0.05 g/kg K ₂o; The not control treatment CK20 of potassium application is set simultaneously.

60-70% field capacity is watered and maintained to plant every day by deionized water, after 2 months, gather in the crops plant.Plant sample is divided into overground part and root two parts after rinsing well by deionized water, plant sample in baking oven 70 ℃ weigh dry weight record after drying to constant weight.After the plant mill of drying, store stand-by.Plant sample adopts HNO ₃-HClO ₄method disappears to boil and with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, measures cadmium content afterwards.

Result of the test is as follows:

1. the impact of Different Potassium Fertilizer on leaf Yong Hong Chard dish biomass

Fig. 1 is the impact of potash fertilizer on leaf Yong Hong Radix Betae portion, overground part and gross dry weight.As shown in Figure 1, CK20 compares with control treatment, the growth of Different Potassium Fertilizer has been processed all promotion in various degree leaf Yong Hong Radix Betae portion and overground part, has improved leaf Yong Hong Chard dish total biomass.K2, K3 process significantly (p<0.05) and have improved red Radix Betae portion biomass for leaf, and K1 processes remarkable (p<0.05) and improved red Chard dish the upperground part biomass for leaf; With regard to total biomass, K1 processes the facilitation of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish gross dry weight is reached to the level of signifiance (p<0.05).

2. the impact of Different Potassium Fertilizer on leaf Yong Hong Chard dish enriched character

Fig. 2 is the concentration that potash fertilizer is processed inferior lobe Yong top, Hong Chard vegetable plot and root cadmium.As shown in Figure 2, Different Potassium Fertilizer is processed and has been promoted leaf absorption to cadmium with top, red Chard vegetable plot and root, compares with contrasting CK20, and each is processed all significantly (p<0.05) and has improved top, red Chard vegetable plot Cd concentration for leaf; And these 2 kinds processing of K1, K2 remarkable (p<0.05) have improved the leaf Yong Hong Radix Betae Cd of portion concentration.

Table 1 is total enriching quantity and the TF value of potash fertilizer processing inferior lobe Yong Hong Chard dish Cd.As shown in Table 1, potash fertilizer is processed and has all been reduced in various degree leaf Yong Hong Chard dish TF value (except K1 processing).Potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, these 3 kinds of multi-form potash fertilizer of potassium nitrate have all improved the total enriching quantity of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish to cadmium, and wherein these the 2 kinds of processing of potassium chloride and potassium nitrate have reached the level of signifiance (p<0.05); The leaf Yong Hong Chard dish gross absorption of these 3 kinds of potash fertilizer is compared with control treatment, has improved respectively 63.27%, 30.10% and 36.73%.

Under table 1 Different Potassium Fertilizer is processed, total enriching quantity of leaf Yong Hong Chard dish Cd and TF, BC value

Potash fertilizer is processed	The total enriching quantity of Cd (mg pot -1）	?	TF	?	BC
						CK20	0.196±0.014c	?	1.75	?	7.19
K1	0.320±0.033a	?	1.85	?	9.89
						K2	0.255±0.014bc	?	1.73	?	8.56
K3	0.268±0.025ab	?	1.67	?	8.86

Claims (1)

1. utilize a method for red Chard dish cadmium pollution soil repair for potash fertilizer strengthening leaf, it is characterized in that, described method comprises following process:

In cadmium pollution soil to be repaired, apply potash fertilizer, its administration form is a kind of in potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, potassium nitrate, and K Amounts is 0.05 g/kg K ₂o, in liquid form or solid form, potash fertilizer being evenly manured into soil, then plants leaf Yong Hong Chard dish, the mode that leaf Yong Hong Chard dish adopts the seed after sterilization directly to sow, or adopt the mode of transplanting afterwards of first growing seedlings to plant; As adopted the planting patterns of first growing seedlings and transplanting afterwards, need to when growing 4-6 sheet true leaf, plant transplant; Until plant growth, to the regular period, gather in the crops plant, plant integral body from soil is removed and realizes cadmium pollution soil reparation; Leaf Yong Hong Chard dish adopts outdoor planting, regularly waters, and maintains soil moisture content at the 60-70% of field capacity, treat that plant growth is to the regular period, plant integral body from soil is removed, then this plant of repeated multiple times plantation, until the cadmium concentration in soil reaches the safety standard of soil environment.

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