CN103243722A - Construction method of novel inner support of foundation trench - Google Patents
Construction method of novel inner support of foundation trench Download PDFInfo
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- CN103243722A CN103243722A CN2012100314921A CN201210031492A CN103243722A CN 103243722 A CN103243722 A CN 103243722A CN 2012100314921 A CN2012100314921 A CN 2012100314921A CN 201210031492 A CN201210031492 A CN 201210031492A CN 103243722 A CN103243722 A CN 103243722A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a construction method of a novel inner support of a foundation trench. The construction method includes that an existing transverse inner support beam is transformed into a transformative support beam through design and construction to serve as a part structure of a beam and/or a plate and/or a column of a main structure; after construction on the main structure related to and connected with the transformative support beam meets related requirements, the main structure connected with the transformative support beam is used for performing support exchanging with the transformative support beam; and a longitudinal support column of the transformative support beam is removed. With the construction method, not only requirements on a support structure but also on convenient and quick subsequent construction along with environmental factors, financial cost and other design and use can be met; when measured from integrated prospective, the construction method is prominent in economic efficiency, and environmental problem and difficulties in construction operation are considered in general.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the underground structrue engineering field, relate to a kind of job practices of foundation pit supporting construction, be particularly useful for surrounding enviroment are had the construction of the large-area deep foundation pit engineering of being strict with.
Background technology
Support has two kinds of construction forms commonly used at present in the foundation ditch, and the one, contrary sequence method (abbreviating the category-B construction method hereinafter as), it is the effective ways of construction multilayer basement of high-rise building and other multilayer underground structure.The horizontal inner supporting structure 12 of contrary sequence method is shown as Fig. 1 b.As braced structures, need not remove by this support with the transverse beam of agent structure, vertical column for these class methods.Because its braced structures both had been agent structure beam, post, thus before the design, construction must etc. can after agent structure design meets the demands in the foundation ditch.Because want first constructing structure stake, post, engineering quantity is bigger, the engineering time is longer, and cost is higher; Going out the interior soil in hole will dig soil digging in intensive support structure, it is quite slow and difficult to be unearthed; Support (constructing) structure and acquire a certain degree of difficulty with back construction combination, difficult back is easy before the institute.
Another kind of deep foundation pit support technology with respect to contrary sequence method, be the usually said suitable practice (abbreviating the category-A construction method hereinafter as), its advantage and drawback are equally also arranged: this type of job practices is that transverse beam, vertical support post will be destroyed the form of structure walked clearly behind the corresponding construction of having constructed (support replacement structure).The horizontal inner supporting structure 11 of the suitable practice shown in Fig. 1 a.These class methods need not wait the foundation ditch inner structure to design, as long as support post does not influence follow-up structure construction and just can construct, and the support post spacing is bigger, foundation ditch is gone out hole soil influence not quite, can reduce the pattern foundation pit supporting structure deadline, but the follow-up structure construction in the foundation ditch will be waited for the long period for support replacement, and support replacement one is that potential safety hazard is arranged; The 2nd, destroy former support, but can delay the engineering time so again; The 3rd, if the foundation ditch limit is vertical braced structures with underground diaphragm wall, support replacement may be destroyed this body of wall be connected globality, the leakproofness of tenon because internal force is too big, cause joint seepage from now on, and produce a large amount of useless muscle, especially a large amount of concrete rubbish of Chan Shenging can pollute environment.In advance construction foundation pit time of seizing out has been incured loss through delay because of the processing procedure of follow-up structure construction again, even has used more time, so easily then difficult before being.
The job practices of above-mentioned two kinds of pattern foundation pit supporting structures, the designer of contrary sequence method is mainly the structural engineer, often too much takes structure design and structure construction into account, and is ignorant of or takes into account constructing in the not enough foundation ditch, want to aspire after perfection and result and imperfect, even can no good cake.Then mostly be geotechnical engineering teacher along the designer of the practice, they are ignorant of structure design mostly, also no matter follow-up structure construction is own convenient then capable; Do not know, do not scruple yet for follow-up construction add what the difficulty, the trouble in addition disaster.As seen at present supported design, form of construction work in these two kinds, all there is defective separately, fail time, economy and environmental factor in all directions the balance work progress, especially in the operating mode that foundation ditch is more big, high building is more many, the drawback of the job practices of these two kinds of pattern foundation pit supporting structures is given prominence to, is difficult to ignore.Now pattern foundation pit supporting structure safety, fast, the construction principle of saving, energy-saving and environmental protection become main flow.Now the foundation ditch area is increasing, more and more darker, above two kinds of inner supporting structure form negative effects commonly used, influence also be exaggerated again thereupon, or else reform and innovate to construction negative effect in the foundation ditch increasing, more and more of a specified duration.
Therefore, be badly in need of the novel interior job practices that supports of a kind of foundation ditch, both be different from the job practices of above-mentioned pattern foundation pit supporting structure, can well receive, overcome simultaneously the job practices of its drawback again to its advantage separately, make its needs that fully satisfy braced structures, the needs that satisfy follow-up convenient and quick construction, consideration environmental factor, fund cost and other design simultaneously again, use.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the various defectives that exist in construction along the practice (abbreviating the category-A construction method hereinafter as) and contrary sequence method (abbreviating the category-B construction method hereinafter as), and fully utilize its advantage separately, provide a kind of convenient and swift, consider environmental factor, fund cost and other design simultaneously, job practices that the novel foundation ditch of the needs that use supports in novel, be particularly suitable for the supporting of large-scale excavation and effective base pit stand construction of multilayer basement of high-rise building and other multilayer underground structure.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: construct the novel interior job practices that supports of a kind of foundation ditch, it comprises following construction sequence:
S1, by design, construction, will be original laterally interior brace summer changes into the distortion brace summer, as the part-structure of agent structure beam and/or agent structure plate and/or agent structure post;
S2, after related request is satisfied in main structure construction relevant with described distortion brace summer, that link to each other, use the agent structure that links to each other with described distortion brace summer that described distortion brace summer is carried out support replacement;
The vertical support post of S3, the described distortion brace summer of dismounting.
In the job practices that supports in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, in described step S1, the height relationships of described distortion brace summer and described agent structure plate is:
The beam face that the beam face of described distortion brace summer and the plate face of described agent structure plate are lower than the plate face of described agent structure plate and/or described distortion brace summer with the beam face of high and/or described distortion brace summer is lower than the bottom surface of described agent structure plate, that is to say, above-mentioned any situation can appear in the local beam face of distortion brace summer, all produces thereby generally speaking may produce above-mentioned a kind of situation, two kinds of situations or three kinds of situations for the distortion brace summer.
In the job practices that supports in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, in described step S1, described distortion brace summer and described agent structure depth of beam are closed and are:
Be higher than the bottom surface that is lower than described agent structure beam at the bottom of the beam of the bottom surface of described agent structure beam and/or described distortion brace summer with the bottom surface of described agent structure beam with the bottom surface of high and/or described distortion brace summer at the bottom of the beam of described distortion brace summer, that is to say, above-mentioned any situation can occur at the bottom of the local beam of distortion brace summer, all produce thereby generally speaking may produce above-mentioned a kind of situation, two kinds of situations or three kinds of situations for the distortion brace summer.
In the job practices that supports in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, in step S1, described distortion brace summer comprises girder and secondary beam; Wherein, the plane relation between described girder and secondary beam and the agent structure beam comprises: orthogonal, oblique, part overlap and overlap; Connection needs according to described agent structure beam, in the position that described distortion brace summer combines with described agent structure beam, connect needs according to structural beams and reserve corresponding horizontal joint bar and/or bury reinforcing bar connector underground and/or bury steel plate underground and be equipped with the welding of beam muscle and/or stay horizontal tubule etc., connect so that the body pillar muscle interts.
In the job practices that in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, supports, in the process of design, the described distortion brace summer of construction, the position that combines with the agent structure column for described distortion brace summer, the Path of Force Transfer when adopting loop configuration and/or diamond structure to change described distortion brace summer through described agent structure column; Perhaps according to the connection needs of described agent structure column, position Embedment Construction that described distortion brace summer combines with described agent structure column well about, about corresponding joint bar and/or reinforcing bar connector and/or plug-in unit and/or jack and/or strength steel column built-in fitting, reserve concrete casting geat or hole.
In the job practices that supports in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, described vertical support post comprises interim vertical support post, and described interim vertical support post is used for reducing the distortion amount of deflection of described distortion brace summer; Or described vertical support post is scaffolding steel pipe and fastener thereof; Or reinforcing bar or the wire rope of described vertical support post for when supporting above two floor height, being used for socketing.
In the job practices that in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, supports, when construction agent structure beam and agent structure plate, keep near be positioned at the described vertical support post space, treat that described step S3 finishes after, agent structure beam and agent structure plate near the described vertical support post of constructing again.
In the job practices that in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, supports, be not higher than at described foundation ditch top ± 0.00 position construction top braces, with by vertical cantilever support bottom foundation pit earth power.
In the job practices that in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, supports, the pre-buried vertical connection object at described foundation ditch top.
In the job practices that in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, supports, at described foundation ditch top, with soil nailing or anchor pole support edge soil.
Implement the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch of the present invention, has following beneficial effect: the job practices (abbreviating C class construction method hereinafter as) that supports in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, because after construction is finished, the cross binding girder construction of construction, be converted into the horizontal distortion brace summer, do not influence function of use from now on, so after main structure construction is finished, need not remove this horizontal distortion brace summer, but with its reservation, be converted into the part of agent structure beam and/or structural slab and/or structural column, wall, satisfy the needs of force request and execution conditions simultaneously again.On this basis, the interior job practices that supports of the present invention can well be received the advantage of existing category-A construction method and category-B construction method, satisfies all characteristics and the function of support technology in the existing foundation ditch, and the while overcomes its drawback and defective separately again; Such form of construction work, make it both satisfy the needs of support and relative subject structure, satisfy follow-up convenient and quick construction again, consider environmental factor, fund cost and other design, the needs that use simultaneously, be a kind ofly to weigh from comprehensive angle, economic benefit is more outstanding, has considered the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch of environmental problem and constructing operation difficulty or ease simultaneously comprehensively.
Description of drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 a-Fig. 1 c is along the novel interior comparison schematic diagram that supports the inner supporting structure in the job practices of the practice, contrary sequence method and foundation ditch of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a-Fig. 2 c is respectively the vertical partial side sectional view in A-A cross section among Fig. 1 a-Fig. 1 c;
Fig. 3 is the agent structure beam orthogonal schematic diagram of distortion brace summer and back construction in the job practices that supports in novel of foundation ditch of the present invention;
Girder orthogonal, secondary beam and the agent structure beam/post of distortion brace summer oblique or the schematic diagram that partly overlaps in the plane in the job practices that Fig. 4 supports in novel for foundation ditch of the present invention;
The girder of distortion brace summer and agent structure beam/post oblique or the schematic diagram that partly overlaps or overlap in the plane in the job practices that Fig. 5 supports in novel for foundation ditch of the present invention;
Fig. 6 walks around the schematic diagram that column carries out power transmission for distortion brace summer in the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch of the present invention with loop configuration;
Fig. 7 walks around the schematic diagram that column carries out power transmission for distortion brace summer in the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch of the present invention with diamond structure;
Fig. 8 is the strength steel column schematic diagram in the pre-buried structural column of distortion brace summer in the job practices that supports in novel of foundation ditch of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the strength steel column schematic diagram in the pre-buried structural column of part of distortion brace summer in the job practices that supports in novel of foundation ditch of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the horizontal part sectioned view in B-B cross section among Fig. 1 c.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the present invention is described further.
Shown in Fig. 1 a to Fig. 1 c, for supporting the comparison schematic diagram of the inner supporting structure in the job practices (C class job practices) in novel along the practice (category-A job practices), contrary sequence method (category-B job practices) and foundation ditch of the present invention, at this, inner supporting structure comprises horizontal inner supporting structure and vertical inner supporting structure.Wherein, the thick line in Fig. 1 a represents that partly the remaining dotted portion of the inner supporting structure of category-A job practices then for the inner supporting structure of category-B and C class, is used for comparing differentiation; Thick line in Fig. 1 b is partly represented the inner supporting structure of category-B job practices, and remaining dotted portion then is the inner supporting structure of category-A and C class, is used for comparing differentiation; Thick line in Fig. 1 c is partly represented the inner supporting structure of C class job practices, and remaining dotted portion then is the inner supporting structure of category-B and category-A, is used for comparing differentiation.Concrete label is represented respectively:
The horizontal inner supporting structure 11 of category-A job practices, the horizontal inner supporting structure 12 of category-B job practices, the horizontal inner supporting structure 13 of C class job practices of the present invention, and three class job practicess are with the vertical braced structures 16 in common foundation ditch limit.The vertical support post 14a of category-A job practices as shown in Figure 1a and the vertical support post 14c of C class job practices of the present invention mostly are steel work, and 14b is the vertical support post of category-B job practices.
Fig. 2 a to Fig. 2 c is respectively the vertical local side generalized section at A-A place among Figure 11 a-Fig. 1 c.The generalized section of the horizontal inner supporting structure 11 of category-A job practices shown in Fig. 2 a (adding the thick line part), the horizontal inner supporting structure 11 of these class methods, constructed agent structure and satisfied this bracing structure carried out the condition of support replacement after, all to remove.The internal force for support of foundation ditch mainly in a lateral direction, so brace summer is as main support laterally, vertical support post is as supplemental support.Therefore, the engineering quantity of brace summer is compared with the vertical support post of supplemental support and is wanted big manyfold laterally, remove should be laterally in the brace summer negative effect quite big (the category-A job practices since remove should be laterally in brace summer have a negative impact and in background technology, describe in detail, be not repeated at this).Technological core of the present invention, just from the above considerations, in order to avoid the dismounting work of this laterally interior brace summer, select it to be incorporated as far as possible or be hidden in the agent structure of construction from now on, namely by design, construction, with original laterally in brace summer be converted into the distortion brace summer, in order to the part-structure as agent structure beam and/or body junction plate and/or agent structure post, wall.Compare with original category-A job practices, C class job practices of the present invention, maximum difference is that this distortion brace summer does not influence function of use from now on after the agent structure of having constructed, need not remove.
Those skilled in the art all know, laterally the cross sectional dimensions of inner supporting structure is bigger usually, often greater than the sectional dimension of agent structure beam, it is not out of shape, and then may influence the usage space of basement etc., therefore will adjust its cross sectional dimensions.Its deck-molding preferably is less than the agent structure deck-molding, secondly is identical with the agent structure deck-molding, the worst structure deck-molding (prerequisite is to influence the basement usage space, and being designed to of having do not have beam slab) that is higher than.The interior support force of distortion brace summer again can not be less than former designing requirement, so the distortion brace summer that adopts in design strengthens the lateral cross section size or reduces the vertical cross-section size, perhaps improve the sectional dimension that concrete grade reduces this distortion brace summer simultaneously, or it is two-in-one, take all factors into consideration, satisfy the structure space needs and get final product.Because the laterally interior brace summer that uses among the present invention is that deformation design has been done on the basis of brace summer in adopt in original form of construction work horizontal, so be commonly referred to as " distortion brace summer " in the present invention.The agent structure here comprises agent structure post, agent structure shear wall, agent structure beam and agent structure plate etc., and for sake of convenience, below, agent structure post, agent structure shear wall are referred to as the agent structure post.Because agent structure beam, plate absolute altitude change limited or no change with one deck, and the distortion brace summer will satisfy and supports often needs arch camber and the support replacement distortion is arranged of needs, the possibility that absolute altitude changes with the same beam of one deck at the bottom of this beam face, the beam all greatly, but the scope that will allow its control.
Add the vertical support post 14b that thick line partly illustrates the category-B job practices among Fig. 2 b, in the category-B job practices, vertical support post 14b uses (mostly being reinforced concrete structure) as the agent structure column, and the vertical support post 14c (mostly being steel work) of the vertical support post 14a of category-A job practices and C class job practices of the present invention in the end will remove (shown in Fig. 2 a, Fig. 2 c).
The vertical support post that those skilled in the art knows in the inner supporting structure mostly is steel work, and laterally interior the support mostly is reinforced concrete structure.And permanent vertical structure from now on is most important, especially high-rise and superelevation layer.Must not because of this laterally in support to be changed to beam, plate, post former of agent structure thereby cause negative effect, so can not be as the category-B construction method, keep the vertical support post 14b in the inner supporting structure, be translated into the agent structure column (unless, non-agent structure column in the agent structure column and the vertical support post in the inner supporting structure just in time overlap, and this vertical support post bearing capacity is greater than this non-agent structure column, and this type of situation is few, and the present invention does not inquire into).C class job practices of the present invention, in laterally, support, it is distortion brace summer of the present invention, after related request is satisfied in the main structure construction relevant, continuous with each distortion brace summer, use the agent structure beam that links to each other with this distortion brace summer and/or agent structure plate and/or agent structure post (the agent structure post here refers to post and/or the shear wall of main body vertical structure) that it is carried out support replacement; For vertical support, after main structure construction is roughly finished, the vertical support post 14c that removes this distortion brace summer quite easily and engineering quantity little, the vertical support post 14c that removes is owing to mostly be steel, therefore also reusable, also can waste recovery.
It is otherwise noted that the laterally interior brace summer for edge, in the part that does not have can be converted under the vertical situation about supporting agent structure beam, plate or agent structure column, precondition is to influence follow-up construction and structure function.
1, distortion brace summer and agent structure plate and agent structure depth of beam relation:
11, the height relationships of distortion brace summer and agent structure plate:
As adding shown in the thick line part among Fig. 2 c, for C class job practices of the present invention laterally in the generalized section of support beam structure; Correspondingly, remaining dotted portion is the laterally interior support beam structure of category-A and category-B job practices, is used herein to the explanation of making comparisons.The beam of the agent structure beam that number in the figure 23 places construct after being and the generalized section of corresponding beam slab thereof.In step S1 of the present invention, in the design for brace summer in this distortion, taken into full account above-mentioned factor, the final height relationships that forms of the distortion brace summer of design and agent structure plate roughly has following several processing form:
The beam face of a, distortion brace summer 22u and the plate face of agent structure beam 23 are with high;
The beam face of b, distortion brace summer 22v is lower than the plate face of agent structure beam 23;
The beam face of c, distortion brace summer 22w is lower than the bottom surface of agent structure beam 23.
For first kind of situation, reserve plate muscle (among Fig. 2 c shown in the 20u), near the concrete of plate this beam of also should constructing in case of necessity.This way i.e. directization distortion brace summer is the part of agent structure plate.
Second kind of situation will have been reserved muscle at the bottom of the plate (among Fig. 2 c shown in the 20v) equally.
The third situation then need not to stay the structural slab horizontal reinforcement, but will note being connected with the globality of plate.
Handle problems with the level levelling degree of structural slab construction after two kinds of situations are mainly considered after the ordinary circumstance, wherein the use of second class must be some more, and the 3rd class is used less or need not.First kind of situation is that directization distortion brace summer 22u is the beam slab part of agent structure beam 23; The two kinds of situations in back are that to change distortion brace summer 22v indirectly be the beam slab of agent structure beam 23, or will be out of shape brace summer 22w is hidden in the beam slab of agent structure beam 23.If the distortion brace summer is very long very special, three kinds of situations may be used simultaneously on same beam.
12, at the bottom of the beam of distortion brace summer 22 with height relationships at the bottom of the beam of agent structure beam 23:
In step S1 of the present invention, in the design for this distortion brace summer 22, taken into full account above-mentioned factor, with height relationships at the bottom of the beam of agent structure beam 23 following several processing form (expression is all arranged) roughly arranged from top to bottom at the bottom of the beam of the distortion brace summer 22 of design in Fig. 2 c:
The bottom surface that is higher than agent structure beam 23 at the bottom of the beam of a, distortion brace summer 22u;
High together with the bottom surface of agent structure beam 23 at the bottom of the beam of b, distortion brace summer 22v;
The bottom surface of c, distortion brace summer 22w is lower than the bottom surface (prerequisite is not influence usage space) of agent structure beam 23.
Because various polytropy of structural beams, be out of shape the variation of brace summer in addition, more than three kinds of situations may occur separately, also may occur simultaneously.
In sum, distortion brace summer 22 is complicated with the beam of agent structure beam 23 and the height relationships of beam slab.
2, the girder, secondary beam of distortion brace summer are respectively and the agent structure beam 23 that will construct future and the plane relation between the agent structure column 25 (specifically referring to Fig. 3～5):
The distortion brace summer comprises girder and secondary beam.Wherein, girder be used for to transmit horizontal support internal force, and secondary beam then is used for the stability, safety to the girder transmission internal force etc. and plays guarantee effect.Usually, the internal force that girder transmits is bigger, guarantees its integrality, safety, is the problem of standing in the breach and should consider in the design.Thereby during the structure design construction, girder, plane, secondary beam place and the plane, structure girder place of this distortion brace summer preferably all do not overlap, and the intersection is that the right angle is best, and namely the situation of " orthogonal " secondly is oblique, and worst is that part overlaps and overlaps.This distortion brace summer and structure girder place Plane intersects partly are the part that structure girder is from now on constructed in advance.If satisfied the functional requirement of structure girder from now on then this part is not handled, otherwise to carry out the functional requirement that respective handling satisfies this Duan Liang.This normal plane of doing is like the category-B construction method, and in fact more like the category-A construction method, just interior brace summer distortion, Support Position change.The category-B construction method requires the beam slab post of design, construction to be useful agent structure.And C class construction method is selected it to be incorporated as far as possible or to be hidden in the agent structure of construction from now on, and does not mind that it effectively uses in agent structure from now on much ratios are arranged.So below:
21, best situation, as shown in Figure 3, wherein 23 be agent structure beam in the agent structure of back construction.For in the C class job practices of the present invention, be out of shape plane, girder 31e place and agent structure beam 23 orthogonals, the plane, secondary beam 32e place of distortion brace summer and the situation of agent structure beam 23 orthogonals of brace summer among Fig. 3.
22, secondly, as shown in Figure 4, plane, girder 31f place and plane, the agent structure beam 23 place orthogonal of this distortion brace summer, another secondary beam plane, 32f place and plane, the agent structure beam 23 place oblique of distortion brace summer, another plane, secondary beam 32h place and agent structure column 25, agent structure beam 23 place planar sections overlap.
Because secondary beam pressure or pulling force are less, best processing method is: the one, do secondary beam (if reinforcing bar increases reinforcing bar inadequately) with the structural beams muscle, and pouring concrete is not few to follow-up constructing structure influence; The 2nd, this beam does not satisfy required rigidity requirement, reserves the column cap zone, remainder beam concreting; The 3rd, reserve column cap top and the bottom dowel or connector or build mouthful (hole) and wait and under the situation that satisfies construction and design needs, build this beam concrete (the third method is not advised employing usually).Method one is optimal case, but in practice of construction, often can't thoroughly realize, so also must select according to actual conditions.Secondary beam is the possibility maximum of design and construction separately, if the follow-up earthwork, main structure construction are not had negative effect certainly by the top good relative subject of best way colligation (all or part of) beam muscle even plate muscle etc., reduces follow-up construction trouble.Under the more susceptible condition do rule be with the girder, secondary beam junction of distortion brace summer according to structural beams is connected needs reserve corresponding horizontal joint bar or and bury underground reinforcing bar connector or and bury underground steel plate be equipped with the welding of beam muscle or and stay horizontal tubule etc., be convenient to connect the body pillar muscle and intert connection.
23, worst situation, as shown in Figure 5, the plane, girder 31g place of this distortion brace summer and agent structure beam 23, agent structure column 25 obliques, part overlap; Another girder plane, 31h place and agent structure column 25, agent structure beam 23 overlap; The plane, secondary beam 32i place of distortion brace summer and agent structure beam 23, agent structure column 25 obliques; Another secondary beam plane, 32j place and agent structure column 25 overlap.
No matter be the distortion brace summer, or the agent structure beam, all must guarantee its stressed safety, but will guarantee to be out of shape the girder of brace summer earlier, must create the safety conditions of the agent structure beam that satisfies follow-up construction simultaneously.Specific practice can be with reference to the way in above-mentioned the 22nd, also can be with reference to the practice of back about the relation of handling distortion brace summer and agent structure column.
3, the relation of distortion brace summer and agent structure column:
Worst situation is in the vertical load supporting system of basement structure, owing to comprise post and wall in this load supporting system, its complexity, polytropy cause being out of shape brace summer orthogonal, oblique, the part situation that overlaps and overlap with it unavoidably, especially are out of shape the girder of brace summer.Therefore will take the processing mode of avoiding or melting mutually, no matter where method all will can adopt under the situation of guaranteeing the vertical structure force request.Specific practice is as follows:
31, the so-called avoidance is exactly for constructing new structure to keep its integrality through the distortion brace summer in this zone.As using loop configuration, diamond structure, reaching other corresponding construction conversion, change the path of the internal force process vertical structure of distortion brace summer transmission, thereby eliminate it to the direct stressing influence of vertical structure.Specifically shown in Fig. 6 and 7.In Fig. 6, the dotted portion shown in 61 is the former Path of Force Transfer of distortion brace summer, because it is through agent structure column 25, so adopt loop configuration to walk around agent structure column 25, carries out power transmission.In Fig. 7, situation and Fig. 6 are similar, and dotted portion 71 is the former Path of Force Transfer of distortion brace summer, adopt diamond structure to walk around agent structure column 25, carry out power transmission.
32 and so-called processing mode of melting mutually refers to, power transmission for more local distortion brace summers needs, the vertical structure of process can be taked certain technological means, make this part both satisfy the needs of braced structures in the foundation pit construction in early stage, satisfy the vertical agent structure load of follow-up construction and other design, construction, use needs again.The concrete practice: locate, Embedment Construction well about, about (just have the pre-buried situation in the left and right sides when intersecting with the distortion brace summer and produce when vertical structure is only local) corresponding joint bar or and reinforcing bar connector or and plug-in unit or and jack or and strength steel column built-in fitting (84 among the figure can represent above arbitrary object), reserve concrete casting geat or hole 85 etc. according to the construction needs, the position that is connected, parts, material must satisfy design, the necessary requirement of constructing.Shown in Fig. 8 and 9, be strength steel column 41 schematic diagrames in the pre-buried structural column of distortion brace summer, the complete strength steel column 41u that has been pre-buried among Fig. 8, pre-buried non-complete strength steel column 41v among Fig. 9, label 94 places wherein are horizontal joint bar.Not so should strengthen vertical structure member and associated fitting specification if desired according to design requirement, size satisfies its needs.Especially normal steel column connector will be according to the position relation of agent structure column 25 with the distortion brace summer.If the agent structure column is wrapped in the distortion brace summer, the strength steel column must cut one whole section and be embedded in advance in the distortion brace summer, and its length must satisfy needs such as follow-up construction connection---for distortion brace summer thickness adds its lower-upper length (highly).If the agent structure column partly is wrapped in the distortion brace summer, the strength steel column can be with reference to top way; Also can be the only pre-buried part strength steel column that is wrapped in the distortion brace summer must pre-buriedly go out to be out of shape brace summer and be connected (welding) with its another part after outer, and this gives prominence to partial-length, specification, the size of being out of shape outside brace summer must satisfy design, construction requirement.The required relevant perpendicular muscle of the agent structure column at strength steel column place is with stirrup is pre-buried, reserve to be out of shape in the brace summer and also must satisfy related request.Note, the strength steel column here be refer in particular in the post useful steel be processed as the general designation of the structure of steel column, only be a kind of situation wherein shown in the schematic diagram 8.
4, in addition, in work progress, for the distortion brace summer and between problem on deformation, corresponding solution is also arranged, specific as follows:
Because original cross binding cantilever thickness diminishes, and becomes the distortion brace summer among the present invention, and the agent structure Liang Liang of conduct back construction and/or the use of agent structure plate, vertical rigidity diminishes, and vertical support interval is generally bigger in addition, thereby the winding degree change is big.Again because the horizontal axis power of distortion brace summer itself is bigger, mechanical movements such as construction excavator, vehicle in the foundation ditch, possible rock blasting etc. in addition, can produce vibration, strengthen its winding degree, thereby may make the horizontal axis power of distortion brace summer be transformed into the horizontal shear force of this beam, thereby cause being out of shape the ruined possibility increase of brace summer.Control winding degree, prevent that brace summer is destroyed, guarantee that foundation ditch safety just seems very important and necessary.
At first should be according to design.If distortion supporting deformation cantilever thickness satisfies the safety supports requirement, then needn't consider ancillary method; If do not satisfy then need adopt ancillary method: namely strengthen the rigidity of auxiliary secondary beam on the horizontal direction, especially between vertical support column, increase the constraint to the distortion brace summer, reduce its winding degree; And in earthwork construction, control sequence of construction, and make the distortion brace summer hold a power and change from small to big in an orderly manner, and formulate tight monitoring scheme and monitor, if any unusually, effectively handle at once.The so-called constraint that between vertical support column, increases the distortion brace summer, referring to increases support force upwards and downward pressure to the distortion brace summer on vertical, reduce the deflection up and down (winding degree) of this distortion brace summer, guarantee the safety of this distortion brace summer, thereby guarantee the safety of the interior support of this foundation ditch and foundation ditch.
Specific practice is more.Owing to only require its vertical winding degree of control, thereby do not need very big support force, the support post of She Zhiing is called interim vertical support post herein, is used for reducing to be out of shape the distortion amount of deflection of brace summer.Steel pipe and the fastener thereof of the first-selected scaffold of interim vertical backing material get final product.Last top distortion brace summer, lower support is on the foundation ditch subsoil.If distortion brace summer more than one deck, can first lower support on lower floor's distortion brace summer, so repeat, until lower support on the foundation ditch subsoil.But control influencing each other of lower support.As long as two-layer above distortion brace summer is arranged, just might strain mutually between up and down, material can be used reinforcing bar, steel pipe, wire rope etc.By the roof pressure of appropriateness, the distortion brace summer of controlling well is out of shape amount of deflection up and down.And the material that uses with after can reuse in the building site.Be also pointed out that in addition for surpassing two-layer vertical support post, can adopt reinforcing bar or wire rope to socket.
5, for the dismounting of vertical support post and the construction problem of agent structure:
When removing the vertical support post of distortion brace summer, to satisfy related request in main structure construction relevant with the distortion brace summer, that link to each other---after support replacement and agent structure are all wanted safety, could carry out support replacement to being out of shape brace summer.Being out of shape brace summer main structure construction relevant, that link to each other this moment may finish, and also may all not finish.Because support system may be very complicated, the condition of removing support post also may be different; So as long as the dismounting condition in this support post zone meets the demands, can implement the dismounting of this district's support post, finish until the dismounting of required dismounting part.
Remove the vertical support post of distortion brace summer, the distortion brace summer must be out of shape downwards, and from the position of vertical support post close to more, distortion is more big downwards.So when handling the concrete construction of this position, want prudent.If should place's braced structures in when construction, the structural beams concrete of having constructed around it, constructing structure board concrete problem is little before removing vertical support post, the construction of not being eager is better.If not above-mentioned situation, when the agent structure of then constructing beam and agent structure plate, reservation is positioned near the space this vertical support post, constructs behind near the vertical support post of dismountings such as concrete it again and is advisable.Do like this, both can reduce because removing vertical support distortion downwards to the internal stress of structural slab, but control panel surface evenness again.
6, the treatment process of the redundance of distortion brace summer (plate).
Complicated foundation ditch basement, being out of shape brace summer on a small quantity may influence vertical passing through unavoidably, to the braced structures of this part, removes after it finishes the support task in good time.The basement that has is staggered floor construction, and the engineering quantity of removing can strengthen.In any case few removing is always good than clear all.
7, the processing of foundation ditch top braces.
As can be seen from Figure 1, this novel interior support from negative one deck begins to support.Situation is complicated around the foundation ditch, and structure design must satisfy requirements such as building function of use, so the height on underground negative leafing foundation ditch top is uncertain, so Fig. 1 is a kind of perfect condition for top braces.
Situation difference around the foundation ditch, the requirement difference that internally supports for handling this problem according to related request, have three kinds of processing methods: 1, with the interior support of category-A construction method, with after destroy removing.This is old law.If should in support the vertical structure construction of the follow-up agent structure of influence, with reference to the front way, the B-B cross section is the top sectional view, as Figure 10 pre-buried vertical connection object of 101 ways wherein, satisfies structure construction.2, as 102 ways among Figure 10, with soil nailing or anchor pole support edge soil.3, as among Figure 10 103, the top braces of carrying out with C class construction method directly be not higher than ± support (with the construction of C class methods) in the 0.00 unsettled or unsettled construction of part earlier, and this support is higher than all or part foundation ditch limit, by vertical cantilever support bottom foundation pit earth power.For the 2nd, 3 kind of method, support should be adjusted the respective support height according to actual conditions in the bottom, satisfies system's needs.
By above description, the advantage of technical scheme of the present invention is just cheer and bright, for category-A construction method (" along the practice "), say, the technical scheme that C class job practices of the present invention adopts, its beneficial effect is: do not have the plane support replacement, remove the safety issue that supports when just not having support replacement, also just do not have concrete rubbish to the pollution problem of environment; If the underground diaphragm wall of exterior wall does not just have the negative effect problem to its joint globality, leakproofness.And the basement that has needs anti-floating design, the supporting deformation beam that stays can reduce design anti-floating power.Certainly, because there are the load conversion in supporting deformation beam and structural beams sheet-pile intersection, so the design at this place, structure, must satisfy its function with material materials, construction etc.
For the category-B construction method, though its vertical support need not to remove, and C class job practices of the present invention, vertical support will be dismantled, for satisfying the stressed of this distortion brace summer of support, also to strengthen main beam structure arrangement of reinforcement (because the beam slab load increases), bring yet those advantages of category-B construction method are more, bigger duration, quality, costs.In comparison, the job practices that supports in foundation ditch of the present invention is novel, its beneficial effect is: because after construction is finished, need not remove the distortion brace summer, but it is kept, be converted into the part of agent structure beam and/or structural slab, satisfy the needs of force request and execution conditions simultaneously again.On this basis, the interior job practices that supports of the present invention can well be received the advantage of existing category-A construction method and category-B construction method, satisfies all characteristics and the function of support technology in the existing foundation ditch, and the while overcomes its drawback and defective separately again; Such form of construction work, make it both satisfy the needs of braced structures, satisfy follow-up convenient and quick construction again, consider environmental factor, fund cost and other design, the needs that use simultaneously, be a kind ofly to weigh from comprehensive angle, economic benefit is more outstanding, has considered the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch of environmental problem and constructing operation difficulty or ease simultaneously comprehensively.Considering balance from composite factor, with the advantage amplificationization, avoid the problem on the general orientation that influences construction simultaneously, is to have gained big interests with little cost.Especially foundation ditch is more big, and high building is more many, and advantage of the present invention is more obvious.
More than show and described basic principle of the present invention, principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; that describes in above-described embodiment and the manual just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.The claimed scope of the present invention is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch is characterized in that, comprises following construction sequence:
S1, by design, construction, will be original laterally interior brace summer changes into the distortion brace summer, as the part-structure of agent structure beam and/or agent structure plate and/or agent structure post;
S2, after related request is satisfied in main structure construction relevant with described distortion brace summer, that link to each other, use the agent structure that links to each other with described distortion brace summer that described distortion brace summer is carried out support replacement;
The vertical support post of S3, the described distortion brace summer of dismounting.
2. the job practices that supports in novel of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in described step S1, the height relationships of described distortion brace summer and described agent structure plate is:
The beam face that the beam face of described distortion brace summer and the plate face of described agent structure plate are lower than the plate face of described agent structure plate and/or described distortion brace summer with the beam face of high and/or described distortion brace summer is lower than the bottom surface of described agent structure plate.
3. the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, in described step S1, described distortion brace summer and described agent structure depth of beam are closed and be:
Be higher than the bottom surface that is lower than described agent structure beam at the bottom of the beam of the bottom surface of described agent structure beam and/or described distortion brace summer with the bottom surface of described agent structure beam with the bottom surface of high and/or described distortion brace summer at the bottom of the beam of described distortion brace summer.
4. the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that in step S1, described distortion brace summer comprises girder and secondary beam; Wherein, the plane relation between described girder and secondary beam and the agent structure beam comprises: orthogonal, oblique, part overlap and overlap; Connection needs according to described agent structure beam, in the position that described distortion brace summer combines with described agent structure beam, connect needs according to structural beams and reserve corresponding horizontal joint bar and/or bury reinforcing bar connector underground and/or bury steel plate underground and be equipped with the welding of beam muscle and/or stay horizontal tubule etc., connect so that the body pillar muscle interts.
5. the job practices that supports in novel of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, in the process of design, the described distortion brace summer of construction, the position that combines with the agent structure column for described distortion brace summer, the Path of Force Transfer when adopting loop configuration and/or diamond structure to change described distortion brace summer through described agent structure column; Perhaps according to the connection needs of described agent structure column, position Embedment Construction that described distortion brace summer combines with described agent structure column well about, about corresponding joint bar and/or reinforcing bar connector and/or plug-in unit and/or jack and/or strength steel column built-in fitting, reserve concrete casting geat or hole.
6. the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described vertical support post comprises interim vertical support post, and described interim vertically support post is used for reducing the distortion amount of deflection of described distortion brace summer; Or described vertical support post is scaffolding steel pipe and fastener thereof; Or reinforcing bar or the wire rope of described vertical support post for when supporting above two floor height, being used for socketing.
7. the job practices that supports in novel of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, when construction agent structure beam and agent structure plate, keep and be positioned near the space of described vertical support post, after treating that described step S3 finishes, agent structure beam and agent structure plate near the described vertical support post of constructing again.
8. the job practices that supports in novel of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, is not higher than at described foundation ditch top ± 0.00 position construction top braces, with by vertical cantilever support bottom foundation pit earth power.
9. the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that the pre-buried vertical connection object at described foundation ditch top.
10. the novel interior job practices that supports of foundation ditch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, at described foundation ditch top, with soil nailing or anchor pole support edge soil.
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| CN111424676A (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-07-17 | 中国一冶集团有限公司 | Main frame beam support changing structure and construction method |
| CN113356232A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-09-07 | 山西五建集团有限公司 | Assembled profile steel combined foundation pit supporting method |
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| CN103243722B (en) | 2015-10-28 |
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