CN103215036B - 荧光体粒子组以及使用其的发光装置 - Google Patents

荧光体粒子组以及使用其的发光装置 Download PDF

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CN103215036B
CN103215036B CN201310051875.XA CN201310051875A CN103215036B CN 103215036 B CN103215036 B CN 103215036B CN 201310051875 A CN201310051875 A CN 201310051875A CN 103215036 B CN103215036 B CN 103215036B
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花本哲也
增田昌嗣
寺岛贤二
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GE Phosphors Technology LLC
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Abstract

本发明公开一种荧光体粒子组以及将该荧光体粒子组用于波长变换部的发光装置,该荧光体粒子组是由一般式EuaSibAlcOdNe所实质地表达的β型SiAlON、即2价的铕活化氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体粒子的粒子组,由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子(1)构成60%以上,式中的数满足0.005≤a≤0.4,b+c=12,d+e=16。从而能够得到使用β型SiAlON的、高效率且稳定的发光装置以及用于其的荧光体粒子组。

Description

荧光体粒子组以及使用其的发光装置
本申请是国际申请号为PCT/JP2008/061102、国际申请日为2008年6月18日、国家申请号为200880023875.6、发明名称为“荧光体粒子组以及使用其的发光装置”的发明专利申请的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及作为发光装置用较为合适的荧光体粒子的粒子组(荧光体粒子组)以及将其用于波长变换部的发光装置。
背景技术
将半导体发光元件和荧光体组合后的发光装置,低消耗电力、小型、高亮度、广范围的色再现性,并且作为能够期待高色重现性的下一代的发光装置而被注目,并正在积极地被究/开发着。从发光元件发出的一次光,通常使用从长波长的紫外线到蓝色的范围,即380~480n m的光。并且,提案了适合于该用途的使用各种荧光体的波长变换部。
现在,作为这种的白色的发光装置,蓝色发光的发光元件(峰值波长:460nm左右)以及由该蓝色光所激励而显示出黄色发光的3价的由铈所活化(活化)的(Y,G d)3(Al,G a)5O12荧光体或2价的由铕所活化的2(Sr,Ba,Ca)O·SiO2荧光体的组合为主而被使用。然而,在这些的发光装置中,色再现性(N T S C比)是70%左右,近年来,在小型L C D中寻求色再现性更加良好的器件。
此外,最近对于这种的发光装置,不仅变换效率(亮度),而且也进一步提高了所输入的能量,并且进行着使之更加明亮的尝试。在提高了输入能量的情况下,需要包含波长变换部的发光装置全体的有效的散热。为此,发光装置全体的构造、材质等的开发也在进展,现状是动作时的发光元件以及波长变换部的温度上升难以避免。
然而,特别是在由3价的铈所活化的(Y,G d)3(Al,G a)5012荧光体中,在将25℃下的亮度(亮度)设为100%的情况下,100℃下的亮度降低到了85%左右,因此而具有不能够较高地设定输入能量技术课题。因此,对于这种的发光装置,所使用的荧光体的温度特性的改善是当务之急。
对于这些技术课题,已知能够通过使用由EuaSibAlcOdNe所实质地表示的β型SiAlON即2价的铕活化氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体,而得到色再现性(N TS C比)以及温度特性的良好的发光装置。
然而,作为β型SiAlON的2价的铕活化氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体,基本上是柱状结晶体,关于荧光体的粒子组(荧光体粒子组),容易生成长径与短径的比值超过5的物质。在使用长径与短径的比值超过5的粒子较多地存在的荧光体粒子组的情况下,在将其荧光体粒子组分散于树脂中时,发生被推测为形状因子的凝集等现象,具有不能得到匀质的分布,不能够得到良好的特性(亮度)的技术课题。
因此,在控制了形状后的作为由EuaSibAlcOdNe所实质性地表达的β型SiAlON的2价的铕活化氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体粒子,以及使用此的高效率的发光装置的开发是当务之急。例如,在特开2005-255895号公报(专利文献1)中,关于β型SiAlON,记载了具有纵横(纵横)比(以短轴的长度除粒子的长轴的长度后的值)的平均值为1.5以上20以下的值。然而,专利文献1的实施例中,没有记载各实施例的荧光体粒子的纵横比,并且关于纵横比和特性,也没有任何言及。这里,长轴相当于本申请的长径,短轴相当于本申请短径。并且专利文献1中,图2是表示柱状形状(照片)的图。
【专利文献1】特开2005-255895号公报
发明内容
本发明为解决上述课题而提出,其目的在于提供一种使用β型SiAlON的、高效率稳定的发光装置以及用于其的荧光体粒子组。
本发明者们,为解决上述课题而进行锐意研究以及开发结果,发现为通过使用控制了结晶形状的β型SiAlON的粒子组,特性(亮度)良好的发光装置。也即,本发明如下。
本发明的荧光体粒子组特征在于是由一般式EuaSibAlcOdN e所实质地表达的β型SiAlON、即2价的铕活化氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体粒子的粒子组,由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子(1)构成60%以上,式中的数满足0.005≤a≤0.4,b+c=12,d+e=16。
优选为,本发明的荧光体粒子组由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子(1)构成80%以上
优选为,发明的荧光体粒子组中,上述式中0.01≤a≤0.2。
另外,优选为,本发明的荧光体粒子组中,中值径是6~20m的范围内。
本发明还提供一种发光装置,其特征在于,备有:发光元件(12),其为发出峰值波长为430~480nm的一次光的氮化镓系半导体;波长变换部(13),其对上述一次光的一部进行吸收,并发出具有比一次光的波长更长的波长的二次光,所述波长变换部(13)包含荧光体粒子组,所述荧光体粒子组是由一般式EuaSibAlcOdNe实质地表达的β型SiAlON、即2价的铕活化氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体粒子的粒子组,由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子(1)构成60%以上,式中的数满足0.005≤a≤0.4,b+c=12,d+e=16。
优选为,本发明的发光装置中,上述荧光体粒子组由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子(1)构成80%以上。
优选为,本发明的发光装置中,上述荧光体粒子组中,上述式中,0.01≤a≤0.2。
优选为,本发明的发光装置中,上述荧光体粒子组的中值径处于6~20μm的范围内。
根据本发明,能够提供一种对来自发光元件的一次光高效率地进行吸收,并能够得到高效率且优良的色再现性(N T S C比)以及良好的温度特性的白色光的发光装置,以及适合使用于此的荧光体粒子组。
附图说明
图1是示意性地表示构成本发明的荧光体粒子组的荧光体粒子1的图。
图2是示意性地表示本发明的优选的一例的发光装置11的剖面图。
图中:1-荧光体粒子,11-发光装置,12-发光元件,13-波长变换部,14-本发明的荧光体粒子组以外的荧光体粒子
具体实施方式
本发明的荧光体粒子组,作为由下述一般式所实质地表达的β型SiAlON(サイアロン)的2价的铕活化(付活)氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体的粒子所构成。
一般式:EuaSibAlcOdNe
上述式中,a的值是满足0.005≤a≤0.4的数,b以及c的值是满足b+c=12的数,d以及e的值是满足d+e=16的数。上述式中,若a的值不足0.005,则存在不能够得到足够的亮度问题,并且若a的值超过0.4,则存在因浓度消光(消光)等亮度大幅度降低的问题。另外,在Eu的添加量不足0.01的情况下,有可能包含在荧光体粒子组中不包含Eu的荧光体粒子,并且,在Eu的添加量超过0.2的情况下,有可能产生Eu的偏析而在荧光体粒子组中含有较多地包含Eu的荧光体粒子,作为粉体特性的稳定性,从维持母体的均一性观点出发,上述式中的a的值,也可以是满足0.01≤a≤0.2的数。
作为由上述式所实质地表达的β型SiAlON(サイアロン)的2价的铕活化氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体,具体来说,可以列举出Eu005Si11.50Al0.50O0.05N15.95、Eu0.10Si11.00Al1.00O0.10N15.90、Eu0.30Si9.80Al2.20O0.30N15.70、Eu0.15Si10.00Al2.00O0.20N15.80、Eu0.01Si11.60Al0.40O0.01N15.99、Eu0.005Si11.70Al0.30O0.03N15.97、Eu0.25Si11.65Al0.35O0.06N15.94、Eu0.40Si11.35Al0.65O0.15N15.85等,不用说也可以不限于此。
这里,图1是示意性地表示构成本发明的荧光体粒子组的荧光体粒子1的图。本发明的荧光体粒子组,是图1所示那样的柱状形状的粒子,且特征为:由其长径x(沿长轴的直线距离)被短径y(沿短轴的直线距离)分割后的值(纵横比)超过1.0且为3.0以下的荧光体粒子,构成其60%以上。在长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子不足荧光体粒子组的60%的情况下,在使用这种荧光体粒子组的发光装置的波长变换部(后述)中,不能够精密地分散荧光体粒子,不能够得到足够的亮度。并且,由于能够形成非常精密地分散了荧光体粒子的良好的波长变换部,且能够实现特性极为稳定的发光装置,因此优选为,由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子构成荧光体粒子组的80%以上,更优选为构成90%以上。
另外,构成上述的荧光体粒子组的荧光体粒子的长径与短径的比值,能够利用扫描型电子显微镜(S E M)、透过型电子显微镜(T E M)或光学显微镜而进行测定。并且,在荧光体粒子组中,长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子以何种比例被包含,能够利用例如扫描型电子显微镜(S EM)、透过型电子显微镜(T E M)或光学显微镜而进行测定。
本发明的荧光体粒子组,优选为中值(メデイアン)径(D50值)处于6~20μm的范围内,更优选为处于7~12μm的范围内。这是因为如下缘故,即本发明的荧光体粒子组的中值径不足6μm的情况下,晶体生长不充分,在使用这种荧光体粒子组的发光装置中,存在不能够得到足够的亮度忧虑,并且,在超过20μm的情况下,存在难于形成将荧光体粒子匀质分散的波长变换部的忧虑。另外,上述中值径(D50值),是指使用粒度分布测定装置(L A-920,堀场制作所制)而测定的值。
本发明的荧光体粒子组,除了按照由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子构成60%以上的方式进行控制以外,能够利用以往公知的适当的方法来制作。作为构成本发明的荧光体粒子组的60%以上的荧光体粒子,作为荧光体粒子的长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下进行控制的方法,例如可以列举出:精度更高地控制氧浓度,或精度更高地控制烧成容器中的原材料的密度以及体积(烧成容器中的原材料的填塞(詰め込み)情况),或者能够将合成时的温度曲线最佳化的方法,但是也可以不限于此。
本发明也是针对使用上述的本发明的荧光体粒子组的发光装置而提供发明。也即,本发明的发光装置,基本上具备:发出一次光的发光元件;吸收上述一次光的一部分而发出具有一次光的波长以上的长度的波长的二次光的波长变换部,该波长变换部,包含上述的本发明的荧光体粒子组。这里,图2是示意性地表示本发明的优选的一例的发光装置11的剖面图。图2所示例的发光装置11,基本上具备发光元件12和波长变换部13,波长变换部13包含多个的荧光体粒子1。该多个的荧光体粒子1,构成上述那样的本发明的荧光体粒子组。
本发明的发光装置,具备波长变换部,该波长变换部包含由上述的长径与短径的比值超过1.0而在3.0以下的荧光体粒子构成60%以上的、本发明的荧光体粒子组。这种本发明的发光装置,能够高效率地将来自发光元件的一次光吸收,并能够得到高效率且优良的色再现性(N T S C比),并能够得到良好的温度特性的白色光。
在本发明的发光装置11中使用的发光元件12中,从效率的观点出发,能够使用淡化镓(G a N)系半导体。并且,作为本发明的发光装置11中的发光元件12,能够使用发出峰值波长为430~480n m的范围的一次光的器件。在使用峰值波长不足430n m的发光元件的情况下,蓝色成分的贡献变小,色重现性(演色性)恶化,不实用。并且,在使用峰值波长超过480n m的发光元件的情况下,白色的亮度降低,不实用。从效率性的观点出发,优选为,本发明的发光装置11中的发光元件12是发出440~470n m的范围的一次光的器件。
图2所示的例子的本发明的发光装置11中,若波长变换部13含有上述的本发明的荧光体粒子组,并能够对从发光元件12发出的一次光的一部分进行吸收,而发出具有一次光的波长以上的长度的波长的二次光,则作为其介质并不做特别限定。作为介质(透明树脂),能够使用例如环氧树脂、硅酮(シリコ一ン)树脂、尿素树脂等,但是也不限于这些。并且,不用说,波长变换部13也可以在不损害本发明的效果的范围中含有适当的SiO2、T i O2、Z r O2、Al2O3、Y2O3等的添加剂。
在本发明的发光装置11的波长变换部13中,如图2所示例子那样,不用说也可以包含上述的本发明的荧光体粒子组以外的荧光体粒子14。作为除了本发明的荧光体粒子组以外能够在波长变换部13包含的其他的荧光体粒子,没有特别地被限制,但是本发明的荧光体粒子组可以由绿色系发光荧光体粒子构成,因此从能够实现因混色而呈现出白色光的发光装置的观点出发,下述一般式所表达的2价的铕活化氮化物红色系发光荧光体的粒子是合适的。
一般式:(MI1-fEuf)MIISiN3
上述式中,M I是碱土类金属,表示从M g、Ca、S r以及B a中选择的至少1种元素。并且上述式中,M II是3价的金属元素,表示从Al、G a、I n、S c、Y、L a、G d以及L u中选择的至少1种的元素。其中,由于能够更有效率地发出红色系,因此优选为M II是从Al、G a以及I n中选择的至少1种元素。并且上述式中,f的值是0.001≤f≤0.10,优选为0.005≤f≤0.05。这是因为如下缘故:若f的值不足0.001,具有不能够得到足够的亮度的倾向,若f的值超过0.10,则由于浓度消光等,存在亮度大幅度降低的倾向。
作为这种2价的铕活化氮化物红色系发光荧光体,具体来说,能够列举出Ca0.99Eu0.01SiAlN3、(Ca0.97M g0.02Eu0.01)(Al0.99G a0.01)SiN3、(Ca0.98Eu0.02)AlSiN3、(Ca0.97S r0.01Eu0.02)(Al0.98I n0.02)SiN3、(Ca0.999Eu0.001)AlSiN3、(Ca0.895M g0.100Eu0.005)AlSiN3、(Ca0.79S r0.20Eu0.01)AlSiN3、(Ca0.98Eu0.02)(Al0.95G a0.05)SiN3等,但是不用说不限于此。
另外,在使用上述的2价的铕活化氮化物红色系发光荧光体的情况下,作为和波长变换部13中本发明的荧光体粒子组的混合比率,没有特别地被限制,但是优选为对本发明的荧光体粒子组,按照重量比为1~35%的范围内,更优选为5~25%的范围内。
本发明的发光装置11中的波长变换部13,不用说,也可以在不损害本发明的效果的范围中,包含上述的2价的铕活化氮化物红色系发光荧光体以外的、本发明的荧光体粒子组以外的荧光体粒子。并且,这种本发明的荧光体粒子组、上述的2价的铕活化氮化物红色系发光荧光体以外的荧光体粒子,除了本发明的荧光体粒子组以及上述的2价的铕活化氮化物红色系发光荧光体外,还可以包含于波长变换部13中。
本发明的发光装置11,能够利用以往公知的适当的方法来制造,其制造方法没有特别地被限制。例如,例示了作为介质,使用热硬化型的硅酮树脂制的密封材,将本发明的荧光体粒子组(以及根据必要还有本发明的荧光体粒子组以外的荧光体粒子)混炼于其中,并对发光元件12进行密封而成形、制造的情况。
以下,列举实施例以及比较例而对本发明更详细地进行了说明,但是本发明不限于此。
<实施例1,比较例1>
作为发光元件,使用在450n m具有峰值波长的氮化镓(G a N)系半导体。并在波长变换部,使用具有Eu0.05Si11.50Al0.50O0.05N15.95(β型SiAlON)(D50值:7.8μm)的组成的绿色系发光荧光体粒子的粒子组,去诶由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而在3.0以下的粒子构成其85%的荧光体粒子组。该荧光体粒子组,通过将氧浓度最佳化而进行调制。另外,作为粒度分布测定装置,使用LA-920(堀场制作所制)。将该荧光体粒子组以规定的比例分散于作为介质的热硬化型的硅酮树脂制的密封材中而进行分散,并对发光元件进行密封,而制作波长变换部,并制作实施例1的发光装置。对于如此制作的实施例1的发光装置,以顺电流(I F)20m A进行点灯,并对来自发光装置的光出力(光电流)进行测定,并对其特性(亮度)进行评价。
另一方面,除了利用是具有Eu0.05Sil1.50Al0.5000.05N15.95(β型SiAl0N)(D50值:7.6μm)的组成的绿色系发光荧光体粒子的粒子组、且长径与短径的比值是超过1.0而不足3.0以下的粒子构成40%的荧光体粒子组外,与上述同样地,制作比较例1的发光装置,同样对特性进行评价。
表1表示实施例1、比较例1的结果。根据表1,可知:实施例1的发光装置,与比较例1的发光装置相比较,特性(亮度)较为优良。
【表1】
<实施例2~7,比较例2~7>
除了使用表2所示那样的长径与短径的比值为超过1.0而为3.0以下的粒子的比例(%)、D50值以及发光元件以外,与实施例1同样,制作各实施例2~7的发光装置、比较例2~7的发光装置。与实施例1同样地测定的特性(亮度)的结果一起在表2中表示。根据表2,可知实施例2~7的发光装置与比较例2~7的发光装置相比特性(亮度)优良。
【表2】
<实施例8,比较例8>
作为发光元件,使用在460n m具有峰值波长的氮化镓(G a N)系半导体。在波长变换部,使用具有成为Eu0.01Si11.80Al0.20O0.04N15.96(β型SiAlON)(D50值:10.5μm)的组成的绿色系发光荧光体粒子的粒子组、且长径与短径的比值超过1.0而在3.0以下的粒子构成85%的荧光体粒子组,和具有成为(Ca0 99Eu0.01)AlSiN3(D50值:9.3μm)组成的2价的铕活化氮化物红色系发光荧光体。上述荧光体粒子组,通过将合成时的温度曲线(プロフアイル)最佳化而进行调制。另外,作为粒度分布测定装置,使用L A-920(堀场制作所制)。将该荧光体粒子组以及红色系发光荧光体,以规定的比例分散到作为介质的热硬化型的硅酮树脂制的密封材中而进行分散,并对发光元件进行密封,从而制作波长变换部,并制作实施例8的发光装置。
另一方面,利用作为具有Eu0.05Si11.50Al0.50O0.05N15.95(β型SiAlON)(D50值:7.6μm)的组成的绿色系发光荧光体粒子的粒子组的、40%由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而在3.0以下的粒子构成的荧光体粒子组,这与实施例8同样,而制作比较例8的发光装置。
对于这些实施例8、比较例8的发光装置,与实施例1同样而进行特性(亮度)的评价。并且,以顺电流(I F)20m A的条件进行点灯,并利用M C PD-2000(大琢电子社裂)测定来自发光装置的白色光,由此针对T c-d uv也进行评价。表3表示结果。根据表3,可知:实施例8的发光装置,与比较例8的发光装置相比较,特性(亮度)较为优良。
【表3】
应该认为这次公开的实施的方式、实施例以及比较例在所有方面是例示并非限制性的。本发明的范围并非上述的说明,可以由权利要求的范围所表示,并能够寻求与权利要求的范围均等的意思以及范围内的所有的变更。

Claims (4)

1.一种白色发光装置,包括:发光元件,其是发出峰值波长为440~470nm的一次光的氮化镓系半导体;以及波长变换部,其对上述一次光的一部进行吸收,以发出具有比所述一次光的波长更长的波长的二次光,
所述波长变换部中,由一般式EuaSibAlcOdNe实质地表达的β型SiAlON、即2价的铕活化氧氮化物绿色系发光荧光体粒子的荧光体粒子组,由长径与短径的比值超过1.0而为3.0以下的荧光体粒子构成60%以上,其中,0.005≤a≤0.4,b+c=12,d+e=16。
2.根据权利要求1所述的白色发光装置,其特征在于,
所述荧光体粒子组的中值径在6~20μm的范围内。
3.根据权利要求1所述的白色发光装置,其特征在于,
所述波长变换部还包括由一般式(MI1-fEuf)MIISiN3实质地表达的、2价的铕活化氮化物红色系发光荧光体的荧光体粒子组,
其中,MI是碱土类金属,从由Mg、Ca、Sr以及Ba组成的组中选出;MII是3价的金属元素,从由Al、Ga、In、Sc、Y、La、Gd以及Lu组成的组中选出;且0.001≤f≤0.10。
4.根据权利要求1所述的白色发光装置,其特征在于,
所述荧光体粒子组被精密地分散在波长变换部中。
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