Background technology
The attention that China handles country sewage begins than later, and main polluted water is to disperse point source sewage.The rural area disperses the principal feature of point source sewage: (1) country sewage is mainly sanitary sewage and is the mixture of the processing sewage of raw material with agricultural-food, be substantially free of heavy metal and hazardous and noxious substances, contain a certain amount of nitrogen and phosphorus, biodegradability is good, but water quality and quantity changes greatly; (2) Rural areas population is sparsely populated, and major part does not have network of drains, and sewage centralized collection intractability is bigger; (3) sewage disposal also rests on small-sized focusing on, and can not satisfy the principal feature to country sewage---disperse the processing of point sourceization.At present, the method that country sewage is handled mainly contains following several: (1) natural system, and promptly utilize soil as the medium of handling and disposing, comprise artificial swamp, stablize oxidation pond etc.Also have some sludge treating systems, as doing husky bed and lagoon.Natural system processing energy consumption is low, treat effluent water quality is good, can play beauty function, cost of investment is low; But floor space is big, treat effluent water quality instability, be subjected to the restriction of land acquisition.(2) traditional biochemical treatment system utilizes anaerobism, anoxic, aerobic process to dispose of sewage, and handles effective, the technical maturity of back water outlet, but is applicable to big flow sewage disposal, floor space is big, working cost is higher relatively, initial cost is high.(3) MBR treatment technology, a kind of new and effective wastewater treatment and reuse technology with membrane separation technique and the combination of traditional wastewater biological treatment.A large amount of microorganism (active sludge) in MBR with waste water in labile organic compound etc. fully contact, carry out metabolism to keep self growth, breeding, degradable organic pollutant simultaneously by oxygenolysis; The mechanical grading by ultrafiltration or microfiltration membrane, effect such as hold back then carried out solid-liquid separation to waste water and mud mixed liquid, thereby obtained clarifying water outlet.The processing domestic for not systematize so abroad of distributing wastewater treatment research, that more is to community wastewater, and technology remains the combination of traditional method, is the miniaturization of municipal sewage plant.Along with science and technology development, the especially development of MBR technology, sewage treatment facility has realized deviceization, miniaturization, and sewage dispersion treatment and reuse are achieved.But MBR technology floor space is little, effluent quality good, can not produce secondary pollution, treat effluent direct reuse; But investment cost height, operational requirement height, working cost height.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be the problems referred to above of existing at prior art provides a kind of dispersion point source sewage disposal levitation device, and this device can effectively disperse point source sewage handle to the rural area.Device is made simple, and with low cost, material is easy to get, environment protection health, stable, long perfomance life, treatment effect is good, convenient operation and management, the entire treatment device is placed under water, does not take floor area, does not influence water landscape, its size and submarine site can be adjusted according to actual needs flexibly, and use range is extensive.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts following technical measures:
A kind of dispersion point source sewage disposal levitation device, this device comprises 4-16 monomer structure, each monomer structure interconnects by UPVC pipe pedestal.It is characterized in that: each monomer structure is made up of a year bacterium container, microbiobacterial agent, rubber fixed head, communicating aperture, UPVC pipe, outage, sponge column, soft biomass carrier, bristle algae, the plastics string bag, UPVC channel closure plug.The rubber fixed head is set in an end of UPVC pipe and is fixed on the bottleneck that carries the bacterium container, the UPVC pipe is communicated with a year bacterium container by the communicating aperture on the rubber fixed head, the other end of UPVC pipe is by the sealing of UPVC channel closure plug, be arranged with soft biomass carrier on the UPVC pipe, UPVC pipe inside is filled with sponge column, offer outage on the UPVC tube wall, be arranged with the plastics string bag on the soft biomass carrier.Carrying the bacterium container is inverted cylindric plastic containers, the microbiobacterial agent of interior storage dilution.UPVC manages an end and is fixed on by the rubber fixed head and carries bacterium vessel port place, and the other end is by the sealing of UPVC channel closure plug, and the UPVC tube wall both sides 10-12cm of whenever being separated by offers outage, filling sponge post in the UPVC pipe.Make a call to five little communicating apertures on the rubber fixed head, to allow the microbiobacterial agent that carries in the bacterium container enter in the UPVC pipe.Soft biomass carrier surface field planting bristle algae uses the plastics string bag with further fixedly bristle algae.Sponge column plays the effect of slowly-releasing microbiobacterial agent, microbiobacterial agent can slowly be flowed out and then be filled in the soft biomass carrier equably, to replenish the film component of degenerating through the aperture on the UPVC tube wall.Managing pedestal in order to the UPVC that is connected and fixed monomer structure is a rectangle pipe frame that is made of the UPVC pipe of hollow.Pass through L shaped plastics connecting joint between four UPVC pipes of pipe frame periphery and connect, can manage the frame central longitudinal according to circumstances, and make two adjacent vertical UPVC manage 30-60cm at interval to increase 1-3 root UPVC pipe.The UPVC channel closure plug of each monomer structure lower end moulds the material connecting joint by T and is fixed on the UPVC pedestal.5-10cm place, end distance rubber fixed head lower end moulds the material connecting joint by the UPVC fixed transverse rod with T and fixes on adjacent two monomer structures, and is with its stability of further increase, also can be according to circumstances fixing.
Described soft biomass carrier 4 adopts pure natural plants fiber yarn melon pulp, need mass ratio in use by 5%() the NaOH solution soaking, it is carried out processing in 10-12 hour makes it softening, chalina after the processing has soft porous characteristics, and microbiobacterial agent can form microbial film in its space.
Microbiobacterial agent in described year bacterium container is to buy the high concentration microorganism microbial inoculum of producing in Heyuan Green Biological Engineering Co., Ltd., Wuhan, this microbial inoculum is Powdered, and wherein main flora is a subtilis: streptococcus faecium: denitrifying bacterium=2: 2: 1; The user can buy the microbiobacterial agent of main flora than other identical company according to practical situation.
Described bristle algae be a kind of can purifying water body living algae, plant materials is the branched filaments of many cells, the normal bunch shape or spherical that generates, be 13 centimeters, apposition growth is on water-bed, bank, pasture and water or other various matrix, widely distributed, nutritive substance in the water body, degraded toxic pollutant, enriching heavy metal ion be can not only absorb effectively, the pH and the dissolved oxygen of water body improved.
Described UPVC pipe range 60-85cm(with holes looks the particular case adjustment), external diameter 30-40mm, internal diameter 26-36mm, the outage that diameter is 1-3mm is beaten every the 10-12cm place in the tube wall both sides.Carrying bacterium container 1 volume 500mL(adjusts according to circumstances).Rubber fixed head internal diameter 30-40mm, external diameter 34-44mm, high 48-52mm, within it portion to make a call to 5 diameters be the 1-3mm communicating aperture.Soft biomass carrier diameter is 10-15cm, and isometric with UPVC pipe with holes, sponge column and UPVC with holes pipe are isometric.The high 91-95cm of this device monomer structure, maximum outside diameter 18-22cm is cylindrical shape.
The long 0.5-2.4m of described UPVC pedestal, the distance between the vertically adjacent two row UPVC pipes of wide 0.4-1.2m, pedestal is 30-60cm at interval, and the spacing that same row goes up between two adjacent monomer structures is 40-60cm.As the UPVC external diameter of pipe 30-40mm of pedestal, internal diameter 26mm-36mm.
The described UPVC pipe pedestal that is connected and fixed monomer structure is a rectangle pipe frame that is made of the UPVC pipe of hollow, connect by L shaped plastics connecting joint between 4 UPVC pipes of pipe frame periphery, according to circumstances can be in pipe frame central longitudinal to increasing 1-3 root UPVC pipe, and make two adjacent vertical UPVC manage 30-60cm at interval, spacing between the same row last two adjacent monomers is 40-60cm, and the UPVC channel closure plug of each monomer structure lower end moulds the material connecting joint by T and is fixed on the UPVC pedestal.
Wastewater treatment efficiency of this device and characteristics
This device of making is placed in the breadboard container, sets the experiment parameter of the various condition factors down.Regular water sampling, and the changing value of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, ammonia nitrogen, COD, BOD, heavy metal ion, organic pollutant equal size in the water body before and after the detection using appts, and the variation of water body species diversity, the result shows that this device has good wastewater treatment efficiency (table 1, table 2, table 3).
Table 1 device is to the removal situation (unit: mg/L) of inorganic nutrient salt in the sewage
|
COD |
BOD5 |
SS |
NH3-N | TP |
1d |
|
15 |
10 |
12 |
3.2 |
2.0 |
15d |
6 |
3 |
3 |
0.8 |
0.4 |
Remove rate |
60% |
70% |
75% |
75% |
80% |
Clearance=(1d water-quality guideline concentration-15d water-quality guideline concentration)/1d water-quality guideline concentration * 100%
This device of table 2 is removed situation to heavy metal in the water body
|
1d |
15d |
Clearance |
Plumbous (mgL-1) |
2.8×10
-3 |
1.1×10
-3 |
60.7% |
Mercury (mgL-1) |
7×10
-5 |
2×10
-5 |
71.4% |
Arsenic (mgL-1) |
3×10
-5 |
1×10
-5 |
66.7% |
Selenium (mgL-1) |
1.2×10
-3 |
6×10
-4 |
50.0% |
Copper (mgL-1) |
1.8×10
-3 |
6×10
-4 |
66.7% |
Zinc (mgL-1) |
0.02 |
0.007 |
65.0% |
Cadmium (mgL-1) |
6×10
-5 |
1×10
-5 |
83.3% |
Sexavalent chrome (mgL-1) |
0.004 |
0.001 |
75.0% |
Clearance=(1d heavy metal concentration-15d heavy metal concentration)/1d heavy metal concentration * 100%
The inhibition effect that this device of table 3 is grown to planktonic algae in the water body (unit: individual/L)
|
1d |
15d |
Inhibiting rate |
Hubei little ring algae |
6.2×10
4 |
2×10
3 |
96.8% |
Tianjin, storehouse little ring algae |
5.8×10
4 |
1.8×10
4 |
69.0% |
Ma Shi plane fracture algae |
3.6×10
4 |
2.4×10
4 |
44.4% |
Tiny latent ball algae |
2.4×10
4 |
2.0×10
3 |
91.7% |
Narrow shape fiber algae |
2.4×10
4 |
6.0×10
3 |
75.0% |
Addendum cone cross algae |
1.8×10
4 |
7.0×10
3 |
61.1% |
Chlamydomonas |
1.8×10
4 |
3.0×10
3 |
83.3% |
Intend the balloon algae |
1.6×10
4 |
1.4×10
4 |
12.5% |
The edge Microcystis aeruginosa |
1.4×10
4 |
2.0×10
3 |
85.7% |
Four tail grid algaes |
1.2×10
4 |
1.0×10
3 |
91.7% |
Nephrocytium agardhianum |
4.0×10
3 |
3.0×10
3 |
25.0% |
Anabena |
4.0×10
3 |
2.0×10
3 |
50.0% |
Oscillatoria |
2.0×10
3 |
3.0×10
3 |
-50.0% |
Inhibiting rate=(1d water body planktonic algae quantity-15d water body planktonic algae quantity)/1d water body planktonic algae quantity * 100%
The characteristics that this device had: the function that the microbial film that forms on the soft biomass carrier in the ⑴ device has effectively catching mud and decomposes larger molecular organics: 1. selected flora is a subtilis: streptococcus faecium: denitrifying bacterium=2: 2: 1, the formed microbial film of these floras can carry out solid-liquid separation efficiently, separating effect is much better than traditional settling tank, effluent characteristics is good, go out water suspension and turbidity and almost approach zero, but direct reuse is realized sewage recycling; 2. the method by continuous drip injects microbial inoculum for soft biomaterial, makes microorganism concn height in the reactor, anti impulsion load; 3. the slow nitrobacteria that helps rising in value is held back, grows and breeds, effectively denitrogenation and dephosphorization; 4. membrane sepn makes that larger molecular organics difficult degradation composition has enough residence time in the sewage in the microbial film of finite volume, has improved organic degradation efficiency greatly.⑵ the bristle algae in the device on the soft biomass carrier has inorganic pollution and organic pollutant in absorption and the degraded water body, keeps the complete function of aquatic ecosystem 26S Proteasome Structure and Function, in the water body reparation with recover that good effect is arranged aspect the species diversity: 1. the bristle algae to eutrophication lake water in the treatment effect of N and P apparent in view, its clearance to nitrogen of cultivation by a week can reach 75%, can reach 80% to the removal of phosphorus; 2. can effectively suppress to cause wawter bloom algae (the wawter bloom Microcystis aeruginosa of Cyanophyta, the Chlorella vulgaris of Chlorophyta, real ball algae, thin Ci Duomang algae, Nephrocytium agardhianum, three Ye Si angle algaes, teeth grid algae and four tail grid algaes, the little ring algae of Bacillariophyta, star bar algae, the tiny plane fracture algae of Cyanophyta, algae and blue fiber algae and capsule Euglena, Euglena, avette latent algae and single whip chrysophyceae quiver) growth.⑶ soft biomass carrier material is the natural plant fiber, durable, environmental protection; Have porousness, lax space forms chamber, can provide the microenvironment that is suitable for growing for the thalline of portion within it, reaches the function of high-effective cleansing; The surface porosity of biological material is also providing and is giving birth to the site for giving birth to its surperficial bristle algae, helps the growth of bristle algae and to the purification of sewage.
This device compared with prior art has the following advantages:
(1) device is made simply, and with low cost, material easily obtains;
(2) material therefor environment protection health does not cause secondary pollution;
(3) stable, non-maintaining, the manpower-free exempts from power, and duration of service is long, can reach 2~3 years;
(4) effluent quality is good, and technical process is short, and floor space is little;
(5) the entire treatment device is placed under water, so do not damage view;
(6) no mud produces, and processing costs is low;
(7) no insect pest takes place;
(8) the big I of device is adjusted as required flexibly, and use range is wide etc.
In a word, a kind of point source sewage disposal levitation device that disperses is based on ecological natural, saving resource, the simple and practical a kind of novel small-scale waste disposal plant of creating out as guiding theory.Be applicable to that the rural area disperses the sewage disposal of point source, especially be fit to handle rural area or small towns comparatively contaminated middle-size and small-size pool of dispersive or irrigation canals and ditches.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of dispersion point source sewage disposal levitation device comprises 4-16 monomer structure, and each monomer structure interconnects by UPVC pipe pedestal 12.Each monomer structure is made up of a year bacterium container 1, microbiobacterial agent 8, rubber fixed head 2, communicating aperture 11, UPVC pipe 6, outage 7, sponge column 10, soft biomass carrier 4, bristle algae 5, the plastics string bag 3, UPVC channel closure plug 9.Rubber fixed head 2 is set in an end of UPVC pipe 6 and is fixed on the bottleneck that carries bacterium container 1, UPVC pipe 6 is communicated with a year bacterium container 1, the other end of UPVC pipe 6 is by 9 sealings of UPVC channel closure plug, be arranged with soft biomass carrier 4 on the UPVC pipe 6, be arranged with the plastics string bag 3 on the soft biomass carrier 4, UPVC manages and offers outage 7 on 6 tube walls, filling sponge post 10 in the UPVC pipe 6.Carrying bacterium container 1 is inverted cylindric plastic containers, the microbiobacterial agent 8 of interior storage dilution.Be equipped with five little communicating apertures 11 on the rubber fixed head 2, to allow the microbiobacterial agent 8 that carries in the bacterium container 1 enter in the UPVC pipe 6.Soft biomass carrier 4 surperficial field planting bristle algaes 5 use the plastics string bag 3 with further fixedly bristle algae 5.Sponge column 10 plays the effect of slowly-releasing microbiobacterial agent 8, makes microbiobacterial agent 8 can be slowly manage outage 7 on 6 tube walls through UPVC equably and flows out and then be filled in the biomass carrier 4, to replenish the film component of degenerating.Managing pedestal 12 in order to the UPVC that is connected and fixed monomer structure is a rectangle pipe frame that is made of the UPVC pipe of hollow.Connect by L shaped plastics connecting joint 15 between 4 UPVC pipes of pipe frame periphery, according to circumstances can be in pipe frame central longitudinal to increasing 1-3 root UPVC pipe.The UPVC channel closure plug 9 of each monomer structure lower end moulds material connecting joint 14 by T and is fixed on the UPVC pedestal 12.5-10cm place, end distance rubber fixed head 2 lower end moulds by UPVC fixed transverse rod 13 usefulness T and expects that connecting joint 14 is fixing on adjacent two monomer structures, with its stability of further increase, and also can be fixing according to circumstances.
The described UPVC pipe pedestal 12 that is connected and fixed monomer structure is a rectangle pipe frame that is made of the UPVC pipe of hollow, connect by L shaped plastics connecting joint 15 between 4 UPVC pipes of pipe frame periphery, according to circumstances can be in pipe frame central longitudinal to increasing 1-3 root UPVC pipe, and make two adjacent vertical UPVC manage 30-60cm at interval, spacing between the same row last two adjacent monomers is 40 or 45 or 50 or 55 or 60cm, and the UPVC channel closure plug 9 of each monomer structure lower end moulds material connecting joint 14 by T and is fixed on the UPVC pedestal 12.
Year bacterium container 1 a volume 500mL(in the monomer structure can adjust according to circumstances), the mixing microorganisms microbial inoculum 8(1:100 of interior dress dilution); UPVC pipe 6 long 60-85cm(look the particular case adjustment), external diameter 30 or 35 or 40mm, internal diameter 26 or 30 or 33 or 36mm, every interval 10, tube wall both sides or 11 or to beat diameter be 1 or 2 or the outage 7 of 3mm at the 12cm place, outage 7 is two row, be arranged on the tube wall of UPVC pipe 6, each outage 7 equidistant settings in every row.Rubber fixed head 2 internal diameters 30 or 35 or 40mm, external diameter 34 or 37 or 41 or 44mm, high 48 or 50 or 52mm, within it portion to make a call to 5 diameters be 1 or 2 or 3mm communicating aperture 11; Soft biomass carrier 4 diameters are 10 or 12 or 14 or 15cm, manage 6 isometric with UPVC with holes; It is 6 isometric that sponge column 10 and UPVC with holes manage.Whole monomer structure high 91 or 93 or 95cm, maximum outside diameter 18 or 20 or 22cm is cylindrical shape.
UPVC pipe pedestal 12 housings long 0.5 or 0.8 or 1.4 or 1.8 or 2.2 or 2.4m, wide 0.4 or 0.7 or 1 or 1.2m.Connect with L shaped plastics connecting joint 15 between the UPVC pipe of housing, the pedestal central longitudinal moulds UPVC pipe coupling short in material connecting joint 14 and the pedestal housing to longer pipe by T, and making between the adjacent UPVC pipe of pedestal vertical two that spacing is 30 or 40 or 50 or 60cm, it is 40 or 50 or 60cm that same row goes up spacing between two adjacent monomer structures.As the UPVC external diameter of pipe 30 of pedestal or 35 or 40mm, internal diameter 26mm or 28 or 32 or 36mm.
The device that assembles is suspended in the bottom with rope and stone and gets final product in the water of the water surface 60-90cm degree of depth.Perhaps with plastic ties it is suspended on biological floating bed outward flange, density is slightly less than water in the water because this device is placed on, so need manage the finger stone that 12 4 jiaos of frames suspend heavy 20~400g in midair at UPVC under this situation and make UPVC pipe with holes be immersed in the water body.
Specific embodiment described herein only is that the present invention's spirit is illustrated.The technician of the technical field of the invention can make various modifications or replenishes or adopt similar mode to substitute described specific embodiment, but can't depart from spirit of the present invention or surmount the defined scope of appended claims.