CN108996829A - A kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage - Google Patents

A kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108996829A
CN108996829A CN201810924244.7A CN201810924244A CN108996829A CN 108996829 A CN108996829 A CN 108996829A CN 201810924244 A CN201810924244 A CN 201810924244A CN 108996829 A CN108996829 A CN 108996829A
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sewage
water
artificial swamp
livestock
bacterium
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王雅茹
康胜金
康胜云
王雅汀
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Zhangjiakou Hao Nong Good Animal Husbandry Eco Culture Co Ltd
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Zhangjiakou Hao Nong Good Animal Husbandry Eco Culture Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201810924244.7A priority Critical patent/CN108996829A/en
Publication of CN108996829A publication Critical patent/CN108996829A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C02F3/104—Granular carriers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10—Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • C02F3/105—Characterized by the chemical composition
    • C02F3/107—Inorganic materials, e.g. sand, silicates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F2001/007—Processes including a sedimentation step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
    • C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage, make aquaculture wastewater after separation of solid and liquid sequentially through the purifying water body for being met " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " after anaerobic pond, aerobic tank, sedimentation basin, artificial swamp and oxygen filtering ponds, fishpond purification, compared with prior art, it puts into small, purification efficiency is high, low energy consumption, it runs low with administration fee, it is easy to operate, it has broad application prospects, provides important leverage for the realization of the ecological agriculture and the production of non-polluted farm product.

Description

A kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture wastewater process field, in particular to a kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage.
Background technique
For livestock and poultry farm waste discharge amount is big, organic concentration is high, suspended matter (the features such as (ss) content is high, 20 generation It records the end of the seventies, China uses for reference the family hydraulic type biomass pool technology of large-scale popularization, and anaerobic digestion techniques are applied to In scale livestock and poultry farm treatment for cow manure, good practical effect is achieved.It is successfully applied to the anaerobism of livestock and poultry sewage treatment at present Technique has anaerobic pond processing, anaerobic contact process processing, up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor (UASB) to handle, at anaerobic filter Reason, anaerobic fluidized bed reactor processing etc..Anaerobic technique processing not only can largely remove dissolved organic matter, and (removal rate is up to 85% ~90%) disease carrying germ, can be also killed, is conducive to prevent epidemic, precipitating and air bearing treatment process are not replaced.Anaerobic technique because It has many advantages, such as that small investment, operating cost are low, sludge quantity is few, good purification, energy environment comprehensive benefit are high, it has also become poultry Most important processing unit in the treatment for cow manure technique of poultry farm.Removal rate of the anaerobic technique to dissolved organic matter in livestock and poultry farm waste It is 85%~90%, effluent COD concentration does not reach the (COD of national regulation in 1000mg/L or socr400mg/L) discharge is wanted It asks, it can only be as the processing unit in livestock and poultry farm treatment for cow manure technique, it is still necessary to use other techniques to be for further processing, with drop Low emission concentration.
Artificial swamp is to utilize " one microorganism of matrix, one plant " this complex ecosystem for the principle of sewage treatment Physics, chemistry and biology triple synergistic effects, by filtering, absorption, precipitating, ion exchange, microbial assimilation decompose and The approach such as plant absorption remove suspended matter, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metal etc. in waste water, realize to the efficient net of sewage Change, while passing through the biogeochemical cycle of nutriment and moisture, green plants is promoted to grow and make its volume increase, realizes useless The recycling of water with it is innoxious.It has Low investment (for the 1/10~1/3 of traditional two stage treatment sewage plant construction cost), low consumption Energy, easy to operate, operating cost is cheap, stability is high and has many advantages, such as Ecological Sustainability.It is as an ecosystem System can maintain bio-diversity and a part for constituting landscape to have the function of beautifying the environment while removing pollutant, Therefore there are higher ecological benefits.
Traditional livestock and poultry cultivation is to be produced as dominating, and pollution control technology is administered after largely only referring to production, main method Have physical method (such as Pollution from livestock and poultry is precipitated, be dehydrated and is dried), chemical method (such as to livestock and poultry cultivation dirt Dye carries out coagulation, oxidation and disinfection treatment), bioanalysis (such as anaerobism, aerobic and and oxygen processing are carried out to Pollution from livestock and poultry Deng), ecological method (such as oxidation pond, wetland and ecological canal processing etc. are carried out to Pollution from livestock and poultry) and resource utilization (example It such as carries out compost, organic fertilizer and fodder to Pollution from livestock and poultry to handle).
There are still low efficiencys, costly problem for processing of traditional livestock and poultry farm sewage disposal technology to nitrogen phosphorus.It is existing There is particularly thorny between technical treatment cost and the low profit of cultivation, high risk, the operating reason cause of operational management and operator It operates normally existing facility not, therefore, develops that a kind of investment is small, and purification efficiency is high, and low energy consumption, operation and administration fee Low, aquaculture wastewater processing method easy to operate has great importance.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention: for traditional livestock and poultry farm sewage disposal technology there are the shortcomings that, A kind of method that the present invention provides high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage efficiently solves these problems and disadvantage.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides technical solution below:
A kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage, aquaculture wastewater after separation of solid and liquid sequentially through anaerobic pond, Met the purification of " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " after aerobic tank, sedimentation basin, artificial swamp and oxygen filtering ponds, fishpond purification Water body specifically includes the following steps:
(1) the sewage mixture that the waste and various treatment process generated livestock and poultry farm generates, send separation of solid and liquid to set It is standby to be separated by solid-liquid separation；
(2) it is separated by solid-liquid separation the liquid portion generated and enters anaerobic pond, hydraulic detention time is 50~72h of summer, winter 70 ~90h；
(3) enter aerobic tank from the sewage that anaerobic pond flows out, sewage adjusts pH to 7.5~8.5 using limewash, and good Carrying out Air Exposure in oxygen pond, hydraulic detention time is 11~15h of summer, winter 16~for 24 hours；
(4) sewage flowed out from aerobic tank enters sedimentation basin, and hydraulic detention time is 5~10h of summer, and winter 8~ 12h；
(5) sewage flowed out from sedimentation basin enters artificial swamp, and artificial swamp water distribution system is set using single-stage undercurrent type It counts, sewage purification is carried out using the mode of plant, bacterium algae, ecological bed three-dimensional purification in artificial swamp, hydraulic detention time is the summer 96~120h of season, 120~150h of winter；
(6) sewage flowed out from artificial swamp enters and oxygen filtering ponds, and hydraulic detention time is 4~8h of summer, and winter 6~ 8h；
(7) from and oxygen filtering ponds in the sewage that flows out enter fishpond, hydraulic detention time is 2~4h of summer, winter 8~ 12h；
(8) purifying water body for meeting " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " is flowed out from fishpond；
Methane fermentation bacterium bag is accessed by 1~3wt ‰ in the anaerobic pond and buries body, is accessed in the aerobic tank by 1~5wt ‰ Heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium bag buries body.
Preferably, the methane fermentation bacterium and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium are embedded using immobilization carrier, the fixation Carrier is the embedding bead that polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate are prepared by the weight ratio of 8:2, specific embedding method are as follows:
(1) ring is taken to be put into equipped with 200mL methanogen culture methane fermentation bacterium or heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium In base or heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying culture medium 500mL triangular flask, 30 DEG C, then 120r/min shaking table shaken cultivation 12h is taken 1% inoculum concentration cultivates 30h under the same conditions.Take the scale-up medium 300mL of bacterial strain in supercentrifuge 3000r/min from Heart 15min, discards supernatant liquid, is washed repeatedly 2~3 times with physiological saline, bacteria suspension is made, counts up to 1 × 1010/ mL is spare；
(2) by polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate in 100mL distilled water 95 DEG C of heating water bath 1.5h, every 5 minutes stir, It is cooled to room temperature；
(3) 0.1wt% silica and 0.5wt% calcium carbonate is added, is uniformly mixed, is then cultivated by 10wt% addition Bacteria suspension；
(4) boric acid is stirred to solution to reach in 150mL distilled water and is saturated, and 1wt% calcium chloride is added and is uniformly mixed；
(5) pH value of solution is adjusted to 7.0 with the NaOH solution of 2mol/L；
(6) mixed embedding medium is squeezed out in saturation boric acid solution, forms the bead of diameter 1cm, keeps stirring anti- Only bead adhesion；
(7) bead of extrusion is put into 4 DEG C of thermostatic chamber crosslinkings of refrigerator, is cleaned, is stored for future use with physiological saline.
Preferably, the plant is water hyacinth, oenanthe stolonifera, alternanthera philoxeroides, reed, Chinese pennisetum, at least one in eel grass Kind, bacterium is red bacterium in the bacterium algae, and algae is chlorella vulgaris, spirulina, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Wild Vitis species, Xi Zao, micro- green ball At least one of algae.
Preferably, the ecological bed fillers are the zeolite of 10~20mm of partial size, the lime stone of 2~5mm partial size, 15~20mm The cobblestone of the porous ceramic grain of partial size, 3~10cm of diameter.
Preferably, the artificial swamp entrance is equipped with effective filter, filter packing be palm bark and diameter 3~ The cobblestone of 10cm.
Preferably, the single-stage undercurrent type is designed as water inlet in artificial swamp, water outlet, setting and artificial swamp etc. Wide water inlet buffer trench, buffer trench are in 15 ° of gradients, and minimum point and artificial swamp bottom maintain an equal level, and guarantee water flow gravity flow, are realized parallel Uniform plug-flow Inlet and outlet water；Sewage slowly flows in buffer trench before entering simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds and receives to shine upon, supported well Reaction.
Preferably, described and oxygen filtering ponds include 3 filter layers, and the first filter layer is made of the cobblestone of 5~10cm The filter layer of 0.5m thickness, the filter layer for the 25cm thickness that the porous ceramic grain that the second filter layer is 25~35mm of partial size is constituted, third mistake Filtering layer is the filter layer for the 15cm thickness that the coarse sand granule of 5~10mm partial size is constituted, and interfloor distance is 1.5~2.5m and oxygen filtering ponds top Portion's outdoor layout, bottom and four walls are equipped with antiseep film, and third filter layer bottom is equipped with drainpipe.
That the present invention obtains the utility model has the advantages that present invention investment is small, purification efficiency is high, and low energy consumption, and operation is low with administration fee, It is easy to operate, it has broad application prospects, provides important leverage for the realization of the ecological agriculture and the production of non-polluted farm product.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 aquaculture wastewater purification process schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1- anaerobic pond, 2- aerobic tank, 3- sedimentation basin, 4- artificial swamp, 5- and oxygen filtering ponds, the fishpond 6-, 7- buffering Ditch.
Fig. 2 and oxygen filtering ponds structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, to help the skill of this field Art personnel have more complete, accurate and deep understanding to inventive concept of the invention, technical solution.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage, as shown in Figure 1, aquaculture wastewater sequentially passes through after separation of solid and liquid Cross anaerobic pond 1, aerobic tank 2, sedimentation basin 3, artificial swamp 4 and oxygen filtering ponds 5, fishpond 6 is met " aquaculture wastewater after purifying Discharge standard " purifying water body, specifically include the following steps:
(1) the sewage mixture that the waste and various treatment process generated livestock and poultry farm generates, send separation of solid and liquid to set It is standby to be separated by solid-liquid separation；
(2) it is separated by solid-liquid separation the liquid portion generated and enters anaerobic pond 1, weigh methane fermentation bacterium bag by the 2wt ‰ of sewage and bury Methane fermentation bacterium bag is buried body and is fitted into nylon net bag by every bag of 1kg, nylon net bag is uniformly sunk to bottom of pond, is stopped by waterpower by body Staying the time is summer 60h, winter 80h；
(3) enter aerobic tank 2 from the sewage that anaerobic pond 1 flows out, sewage is adjusted into pH to 8.0 using limewash, by sewage 3wt ‰ access heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium bag and bury body, and Air Exposure is carried out in aerobic tank, hydraulic detention time is Summer 13h, winter 20h；
(4) sewage flowed out from aerobic tank 2 enters sedimentation basin 3, and hydraulic detention time is summer 7h, winter 10h；
(5) sewage flowed out from sedimentation basin 3 enters artificial swamp 4, dirty after water flow slows down in buffer trench in order to prevent Particle suspensions in water block artificial swamp entrance, and artificial swamp entrance is equipped with effective filter, and filter packing is palm fibre The cobblestone of palmitic acid bark and diameter 7cm.Artificial swamp water distribution system is designed using single-stage undercurrent type, i.e., artificial swamp into Water, water outlet, setting and the wide water inlet buffer trench of artificial swamp, buffer trench are in 15 ° of gradients, minimum point and artificial swamp bottom Portion maintains an equal level, and guarantees water flow gravity flow, realizes parallel uniformly plug-flow Inlet and outlet water；Sewage is slow in buffer trench before entering simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds Slow flow simultaneously receives to shine upon, and is supported reaction well.Resistance to sewage vegetation water cucurbit and Chinese pennisetum, sewage are planted in artificial swamp Middle to be inoculated with red bacterium and chlorella vulgaris or blunt top spirulina, bottom ecology bed fillers use the zeolite of partial size 15mm, 3.5mm The cobblestone of the lime stone of diameter, the porous ceramic grain of 18mm partial size and diameter 6.5cm, from below to up by the descending sequence of partial size Place mat filler, every kind of filler bedding thickness 20cm, hydraulic detention time are summer 110h, winter 135h；
(6) sewage flowed out from artificial swamp 4 enters and oxygen filtering ponds 5, and oxygen filtering ponds 5 include 3 filter layers, and first The filter layer for the 0.5m thickness that filter layer is made of the cobblestone of 7cm, the porous ceramic grain that the second filter layer is partial size 30mm are constituted The filter layer of 25cm thickness, third filter layer are the filter layer for the 15cm thickness that the coarse sand granule of 7mm partial size is constituted, and interfloor distance is Outdoor layout at the top of 2.0m, and oxygen filtering ponds, bottom and four walls are equipped with antiseep film, and third filter layer bottom is equipped with draining Pipe.Hydraulic detention time is summer 6h, winter 7h；
(7) sewage flowed out from simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds enters fishpond, cultivates silver carp and variegated carp, water surface hydraulic retention in fishpond Time is summer 3h, winter 10h；
(8) purifying water body for meeting " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " is flowed out from fishpond；
Wherein methane fermentation bacterium and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium are embedded using immobilization carrier in step (2) and (3), Gu Determining carrier is the embedding bead that polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate are prepared by the weight ratio of 8:2, specific embedding method are as follows:
(1) ring is taken to be put into equipped with 200mL heterotrophic nitrification aerobic methane fermentation bacterium or heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium In denitrification culture medium or methanogen culture medium 500mL triangular flask, 30 DEG C, then 120r/min shaking table shaken cultivation 12h is taken 1wt% inoculum concentration cultivates 30h under the same conditions.Take the scale-up medium 300mL of bacterial strain 3000r/min in supercentrifuge It is centrifuged 15min, discards supernatant liquid, is washed repeatedly 2~3 times with physiological saline, bacteria suspension is made, counts up to 1 × 1010/ mL is spare；
(2) by polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate in 100mL distilled water 95 DEG C of heating water bath 1.5h, every 5 minutes stir, It is cooled to room temperature；
(3) 0.1wt% silica and 0.5wt% calcium carbonate is added, is uniformly mixed, is then cultivated by 10wt% addition Bacteria suspension；
(4) boric acid is stirred to solution to reach in 150mL distilled water and is saturated, and 1wt% calcium chloride is added and is uniformly mixed；
(5) pH value of solution is adjusted to 7.0 with the NaOH solution of 2mol/L；
(6) mixed embedding medium is squeezed out in saturation boric acid solution, forms the bead of diameter 1cm, keeps stirring anti- Only bead adhesion；
(7) bead of extrusion is put into 4 DEG C of thermostatic chamber crosslinkings of refrigerator, is cleaned, is stored for future use with physiological saline.
The volume of anaerobic pond 1 is 70m in the present embodiment3, the volume of aerobic tank 2 is 70m3, the volume of sedimentation basin 3 is 30m3, The area of artificial swamp 4 is 770m2, the volume in fishpond 6 is 100m3。
Immobilized microorganism technology is used in anaerobic pond and aerobic tank, and microbial fermentation bacterium bag is buried and is fixed on carrier, It is lost microorganism will not with sewage after the denitrogenation dephosphorization that ferments, improve Microbial denitrogenation dephosphorization efficiency, microbiologic population can also Fermentation costs and maintenance cost are reduced, primary access can after microorganism embeds body without frequent inoculation fermentation bacterium with recycling The effective use several months is replaced also more convenient.
In artificial swamp using the plant absorption of resistance to sewage nutriment and by harvest vegetational zone leak water in nitrogen and phosphorus Substance has the characteristics that low consumption, efficient and environmental-friendly, can be effectively improved the water quality of eutrophication, improves landscape value, In combination with bacterium algae and ecological bed so that water body obtain it is efficient, continual, can be used for environmental protection and green landscape waters Water treatment.Artificial swamp uses soil structures in the present embodiment, and slope coefficient 1.3 is dug 1.5 meters, 1.0 meters of the depth of water deep.
And oxygen filtering ponds pass through the three layer filtration layer being arranged from top to bottom, are filtered using the descending filler of partial size artificial The sewage flowed out in wetland effectively removes flocculated algae in sewage, particle suspensions and other sundries, reduces in fishpond and repeats A possibility that release nitrogen phosphorus leads to water quality deterioration.In the present embodiment and oxygen filtering ponds use brick mix structure, and each filter layer uses It is slightly less than the plastic multi hole plate of packing material size as supporter, pond depth 7.5m is 5 meters long, 5 meters wide.
Aquaculture wastewater must be purified by a series of biochemical and biological treatments in this way, and aquaculture wastewater is by the processing before one week Discharge into water meets the discharge standard in " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " afterwards, wherein in aquaculture wastewater after treatment, CODcr is 278mg/L, NH4 +- N is 59mg/L, and particle suspensions SS is 109mg/L, and aquaculture wastewater after treatment is to farming The normal life of object and neighbouring resident do not cause secondary pollution with water, do not influence fish, the shrimp aquaculture of downstream river course.It is obtained in water quality While different degrees of improvement, water plant also achieves the recycling of sewage and harmless to the absorption and conversion of nutriment Change and utilizes.
Embodiment 2
Purifying cultivation sewage with the following method, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the sewage mixture that the waste and various treatment process generated livestock and poultry farm generates, send separation of solid and liquid to set It is standby to be separated by solid-liquid separation；
(2) it is separated by solid-liquid separation the liquid portion generated and enters anaerobic pond 1, weigh methane fermentation bacterium bag by the 1wt ‰ of sewage and bury Methane fermentation bacterium bag is buried body and is fitted into nylon net bag by every bag of 1kg, nylon net bag is uniformly sunk to bottom of pond, is stopped by waterpower by body Staying the time is summer 50h, winter 70h；
(3) enter aerobic tank 2 from the sewage that anaerobic pond 1 flows out, sewage is adjusted into pH to 7.5 using limewash, by sewage 1wt ‰ access heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium bag and bury body, and Air Exposure is carried out in aerobic tank, hydraulic detention time is Summer 11h, winter 16h；
(4) sewage flowed out from aerobic tank 2 enters sedimentation basin 3, and hydraulic detention time is summer 5h, winter 8h；
(5) sewage flowed out from sedimentation basin 3 enters artificial swamp 4, dirty after water flow slows down in buffer trench in order to prevent Particle suspensions in water block artificial swamp entrance, and artificial swamp entrance is equipped with effective filter, and filter packing is palm fibre The cobblestone of palmitic acid bark and diameter 3cm.Artificial swamp water distribution system is designed using single-stage undercurrent type, i.e., artificial swamp into Water, water outlet, setting and the wide water inlet buffer trench of artificial swamp, buffer trench are in 15 ° of gradients, minimum point and artificial swamp bottom Portion maintains an equal level, and guarantees water flow gravity flow, realizes parallel uniformly plug-flow Inlet and outlet water；Sewage is slow in buffer trench before entering simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds Slow flow simultaneously receives to shine upon, and is supported reaction well.The hollow plant of resistance to sewage alternanthera and eel grass are planted in artificial swamp, it is dirty Red bacterium and Scenedesmus quadricauda and seat algae are inoculated in water, bottom ecology bed fillers are using the zeolite of partial size 10mm, the lime of 2mm partial size The cobblestone of stone, the porous ceramic grain of 15mm partial size and diameter 3cm, by the descending sequence of partial size place mat filler from below to up, Every kind of filler bedding thickness 20cm, hydraulic detention time are summer 96h, winter 120h；
(6) sewage flowed out from artificial swamp 4 enters and oxygen filtering ponds 5, and oxygen filtering ponds 5 include 3 filter layers, and first The filter layer for the 0.5m thickness that filter layer is made of the cobblestone of 5cm, the porous ceramic grain that the second filter layer is partial size 25mm are constituted The filter layer of 25cm thickness, third filter layer are the filter layer for the 15cm thickness that the coarse sand granule of 5mm partial size is constituted, interfloor distance 1.5m And outdoor layout at the top of oxygen filtering ponds, bottom and four walls are equipped with antiseep film, third filter layer bottom is equipped with drainpipe.Water The power residence time is summer 4h, winter 6h；
(7) sewage flowed out from simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds enters fishpond, cultivates silver carp and variegated carp, water surface hydraulic retention in fishpond Time is summer 2h, winter 8h；
(8) purifying water body for meeting " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " is flowed out from fishpond；
Wherein methane fermentation bacterium and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium are embedded using immobilization carrier in step (2) and (3), Gu Determining carrier is the embedding bead that polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate are prepared by the weight ratio of 7:3, and specific embedding method is the same as embodiment 1
The volume of anaerobic pond 1 is 70m in the present embodiment3, the volume of aerobic tank 2 is 70m3, the volume of sedimentation basin 3 is 30m3, The area of artificial swamp 4 is 770m2, the volume in fishpond 6 is 100m3.Artificial swamp uses soil structures, side slope in the present embodiment Coefficient 1.3 is dug 1.5 meters, 1.0 meters of the depth of water deep.
In the present embodiment and oxygen filtering ponds use brick mix structure, and each filter layer is more using the plastics for being slightly less than packing material size For orifice plate as supporter, pond depth 8m is 5 meters long, 5 meters wide.
Aquaculture wastewater must be purified by a series of biochemical and biological treatments in this way, and aquaculture wastewater is by the processing before one week Discharge into water meets the discharge standard in " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " afterwards, wherein in aquaculture wastewater after treatment, CODcr is 333mg/L, NH4 +- N is 77mg/L, and particle suspensions SS is 192mg/L.
Embodiment 3
Purifying cultivation sewage with the following method, the specific steps are as follows:
(1) the sewage mixture that the waste and various treatment process generated livestock and poultry farm generates, send separation of solid and liquid to set It is standby to be separated by solid-liquid separation；
(2) it is separated by solid-liquid separation the liquid portion generated and enters anaerobic pond 1, weigh methane fermentation bacterium bag by the 3wt ‰ of sewage and bury Methane fermentation bacterium bag is buried body and is fitted into nylon net bag by every bag of 1kg, nylon net bag is uniformly sunk to bottom of pond, is stopped by waterpower by body Staying the time is summer 72h, winter 90h；
(3) enter aerobic tank 2 from the sewage that anaerobic pond 1 flows out, sewage is adjusted into pH to 8.5 using limewash, by sewage 1~5wt ‰ access heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium bag and bury body, and Air Exposure is carried out in aerobic tank, when hydraulic retention Between be summer 15h, winter is for 24 hours；
(4) sewage flowed out from aerobic tank 2 enters sedimentation basin 3, and hydraulic detention time is summer 10h, winter 12h；
(5) sewage flowed out from sedimentation basin 3 enters artificial swamp 4, dirty after water flow slows down in buffer trench in order to prevent Particle suspensions in water block artificial swamp entrance, and artificial swamp entrance is equipped with effective filter, and filter packing is palm fibre The cobblestone of palmitic acid bark and diameter 10cm.Artificial swamp water distribution system is designed using single-stage undercurrent type, i.e., artificial swamp into Water, water outlet, setting and the wide water inlet buffer trench of artificial swamp, buffer trench are in 15 ° of gradients, minimum point and artificial swamp bottom Portion maintains an equal level, and guarantees water flow gravity flow, realizes parallel uniformly plug-flow Inlet and outlet water；Sewage is slow in buffer trench before entering simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds Slow flow simultaneously receives to shine upon, and is supported reaction well.Resistance to sewage vegetation water celery and reed are planted in artificial swamp, in sewage It is inoculated with red bacterium and Wild Vitis species and Nannochloropsis oculata, bottom ecology bed fillers are using the zeolite of partial size 20mm, the lime of 5mm partial size The cobblestone of stone, the porous ceramic grain of 20mm partial size and diameter 10cm, by the descending sequence of partial size place mat filler from below to up, Every kind of filler bedding thickness 20cm, hydraulic detention time are summer 120h, winter 150h；
(6) sewage flowed out from artificial swamp 4 enters and oxygen filtering ponds 5, and oxygen filtering ponds 5 include 3 filter layers, and first The filter layer for the 0.5m thickness that filter layer is made of the cobblestone of 5~10cm, the second filter layer are the porous pottery of 25~35mm of partial size The filter layer for the 25cm thickness that grain is constituted, third filter layer are the filter layer for the 15cm thickness that the coarse sand granule of 5~10mm partial size is constituted, layer Between distance be outdoor layout at the top of 2.5m and oxygen filtering ponds, bottom and four walls are equipped with antiseep film, third filter layer bottom Equipped with drainpipe.Hydraulic detention time is summer 8h, winter 8h；
(7) sewage flowed out from simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds enters fishpond, cultivates silver carp and variegated carp, water surface hydraulic retention in fishpond Time is summer 4h, winter 12h；
(8) purifying water body for meeting " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " is flowed out from fishpond；
Wherein methane fermentation bacterium and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium are embedded using immobilization carrier in step (2) and (3), Gu Determining carrier is the embedding bead that polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate are prepared by the weight ratio of 6:4, and specific embedding method is the same as embodiment 1.
The volume of anaerobic pond 1 is 70m in the present embodiment3, the volume of aerobic tank 2 is 70m3, the volume of sedimentation basin 3 is 30m3, The area of artificial swamp 4 is 770m2, the volume in fishpond 6 is 100m3.Artificial swamp uses soil structures, side slope in the present embodiment Coefficient 1.3 is dug 1.5 meters, 1.0 meters of the depth of water deep.
And oxygen filtering ponds pass through the three layer filtration layer being arranged from top to bottom, are filtered using the descending filler of partial size artificial The sewage flowed out in wetland effectively removes flocculated algae in sewage, particle suspensions and other sundries, reduces in fishpond and repeats A possibility that release nitrogen phosphorus leads to water quality deterioration.In the present embodiment and oxygen filtering ponds use brick mix structure, and each filter layer uses It is slightly less than the plastic multi hole plate of packing material size as supporter, pond depth 9m is 5 meters long, 5 meters wide.
Aquaculture wastewater must be purified by a series of biochemical and biological treatments in this way, and aquaculture wastewater is by the processing before one week Discharge into water meets the discharge standard in " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " afterwards, wherein in aquaculture wastewater after treatment, CODcr is 355mg/L, NH4 +- N is 89mg/L, and particle suspensions SS is 186mg/L.
In conclusion the present invention can high-efficient purification aquaculture wastewater, water body meets GB18596-2001 " aquaculture wastewater after purification Discharge standard " in discharge standard.
The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all According to the technical idea provided by the invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention Within；The technology that the present invention is not directed to can be realized by the prior art.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage, which is characterized in that aquaculture wastewater sequentially passes through after separation of solid and liquid Met " aquaculture wastewater discharge mark after crossing anaerobic pond, aerobic tank, sedimentation basin, artificial swamp and oxygen filtering ponds, fishpond purification It is quasi- " purifying water body, specifically include the following steps:
(1) by livestock and poultry farm generate waste and various treatment process generate sewage mixture, send solid-liquid separating equipment into Row is separated by solid-liquid separation；
(2) it being separated by solid-liquid separation the liquid portion generated and enters anaerobic pond, hydraulic detention time is 50~72h of summer, winter 70~ 90h；
(3) enter aerobic tank from the sewage that anaerobic pond flows out, sewage adjusts pH to 7.5~8.5 using limewash, and in aerobic tank Middle carry out Air Exposure, hydraulic detention time are 11~15h of summer, winter 16~for 24 hours；
(4) sewage flowed out from aerobic tank enters sedimentation basin, and hydraulic detention time is 5~10h of summer, 8~12h of winter；
(5) sewage flowed out from sedimentation basin enters artificial swamp, and artificial swamp water distribution system is designed using single-stage undercurrent type, people Sewage purification is carried out using plant, bacterium algae, the mode of ecological bed three-dimensional purification in work wetland, hydraulic detention time be summer 96~ 120h, 120~150h of winter；
(6) sewage flowed out from artificial swamp enters and oxygen filtering ponds, hydraulic detention time are 4~8h of summer, 6~8h of winter；
(7) sewage flowed out from simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds enters fishpond, and hydraulic detention time is 2~4h of summer, 8~12h of winter；
(8) purifying water body for meeting " aquaculture wastewater discharge standard " is flowed out from fishpond；
Methane fermentation bacterium bag is accessed by 1~3wt ‰ in the anaerobic pond and buries body, is pressed 1~5wt ‰ in the aerobic tank and is accessed heterotrophism It nitrifies aerobic denitrifying bacteria and embeds body.
2. a kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the first Alkane zymophyte and heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium are embedded using immobilization carrier, and the immobilization carrier is polyvinyl alcohol and alginic acid The embedding bead that sodium is prepared by the weight ratio of 8:2, specific embedding method are as follows:
(1) by methane fermentation bacterium or heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying bacterium take a ring be put into equipped with 200mL methanogen culture medium or In heterotrophic nitrification aerobic denitrifying culture medium 500mL triangular flask, 30 DEG C, then 120r/min shaking table shaken cultivation 12h takes 1% Inoculum concentration cultivates 30h under the same conditions, and the scale-up medium 300mL of bacterial strain 3000r/min in supercentrifuge is taken to be centrifuged 15min discards supernatant liquid, is washed repeatedly 2~3 times with physiological saline, bacteria suspension is made, counts up to 1 × 1010/ mL is spare；
(2) by polyvinyl alcohol and sodium alginate, 95 DEG C of heating water bath 1.5h were cooled down every stirring in 5 minutes in 100mL distilled water To room temperature；
(3) 0.1wt% silica and 0.5wt% calcium carbonate is added, is uniformly mixed, cultured bacterium then is added by 10wt% Kind suspension；
(4) boric acid is stirred to solution to reach in 150mL distilled water and is saturated, and calcium chloride is added and is uniformly mixed；
(5) pH value of solution is adjusted to 7.0 with the NaOH solution of 2mol/L；
(6) mixed embedding medium squeezed out in saturation boric acid solution, forms the bead of diameter 1cm, keep stirring prevent it is small Ball adhesion；
(7) bead of extrusion is put into 4 DEG C of thermostatic chamber crosslinkings of refrigerator, is cleaned, is stored for future use with physiological saline.
3. a kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the plant Object is at least one of water hyacinth, oenanthe stolonifera, alternanthera philoxeroides, reed, Chinese pennisetum, eel grass, and bacterium is red in the bacterium algae Bacterium, algae are at least one of chlorella vulgaris, spirulina, Scenedesmus quadricauda, Wild Vitis species, Xi Zao, Nannochloropsis oculata.
4. a kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the life State bed fillers are the zeolite of 10~20mm of partial size, the lime stone of 2~5mm partial size, the porous ceramic grain of 15~20mm partial size, diameter 3 The cobblestone of~10cm.
5. a kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the people Work wetland entrance is equipped with effective filter, and filter packing is the cobblestone of 3~10cm of palm bark and diameter.
6. a kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the list Grade undercurrent type is designed as water inlet in artificial swamp, water outlet, setting and the wide water inlet buffer trench of artificial swamp, buffer trench In 15 ° of gradients, minimum point and artificial swamp bottom maintain an equal level, and guarantee water flow gravity flow, realize parallel uniformly plug-flow Inlet and outlet water；Sewage exists Into before simultaneous oxygen filtering ponds, is slowly flowed in buffer trench and receive to shine upon, supported reaction well.
7. a kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described simultaneous Oxygen filtering ponds include 3 filter layers, the filter layer for the 0.5m thickness that the first filter layer is made of the cobblestone of 5~10cm, the second mistake The filter layer for the 25cm thickness that the porous ceramic grain that filtering layer is 25~35mm of partial size is constituted, third filter layer are the thick of 5~10mm partial size The filter layer for the 15cm thickness that sand grains is constituted, interfloor distance are 1.5~2.5m and oxygen filtering ponds top outdoor layout, bottom and four walls It is equipped with antiseep film, third filter layer bottom is equipped with drainpipe.
CN201810924244.7A 2018-08-14 2018-08-14 A kind of method of high-efficient purification livestock and poultry farm sewage Pending CN108996829A (en)

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