CN111003811A - Black and odorous river channel treatment method based on river channel artificial ecosystem theory - Google Patents
Black and odorous river channel treatment method based on river channel artificial ecosystem theory Download PDFInfo
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- CN111003811A CN111003811A CN201911382215.3A CN201911382215A CN111003811A CN 111003811 A CN111003811 A CN 111003811A CN 201911382215 A CN201911382215 A CN 201911382215A CN 111003811 A CN111003811 A CN 111003811A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
- C02F3/327—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae characterised by animals and plants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/02—Aerobic processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
A black and odorous river channel treatment method based on a river channel artificial ecosystem theory comprises the following steps: s1, collecting and treating the sewage on the two sides of the river channel, bringing the sewage into a secondary pipe network, and then conveying the sewage to a sewage treatment plant for treatment and discharging; s2, removing the river sediment through dredging, and further treating the polluted part of the sludge surface layer; s3, arranging a plurality of biological filters in the water body; s4, arranging a plurality of deep microporous laminar flow aeration devices on the bottom layer of the river channel; s5, putting compound microorganisms into the water body to rapidly improve the microorganism content in the water body; s6, building an artificial ecological floating island near a sewage discharge outlet, and planting emergent aquatic plants and floating plants; s7, some benthonic animals are thrown into the water body, and pollutants in the bottom mud are consumed. The invention is an integrated system combining a physical method and an ecological method, can realize the in-situ treatment of the urban black and odorous river water body, has low cost, simple and convenient operation and quick response, and has the characteristic of sustainable development.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of ecological restoration and water environment treatment, and particularly relates to a black and odorous river channel treatment method based on a river channel artificial ecosystem theory.
Background
With the continuous acceleration of the urbanization process, the construction speed of a plurality of town supporting facilities is slow, and obviously lags behind the pace of urban construction, so that the resources cannot be reasonably utilized, the urban environment is polluted, the overall image of the city is influenced, and the overall planning and development of the city are influenced. Many urban drainage systems in old urban areas do not have reasonable planning when designing, and some drain can not insert sewage treatment and synthesize the pipe network, but link to each other with the canal, and sewage directly discharges the canal, causes the influence to urban water environment. In recent years, the self-cleaning capacity of the water body is reduced and the natural ecosystem of the river is damaged due to the influence of human activities, such as excessive pollution discharge exceeding the environmental capacity, river bed hardening, hydraulic engineering construction and the like. For urban rivers, especially old urban rivers, no good sewage discharge facilities exist, domestic sewage is directly discharged into the rivers, and even part of domestic garbage is poured into the rivers. The serious pollution and damage exceed the self-cleaning capacity of the river channel, so that the ecological system in the river channel collapses, and a vicious circle is formed.
Under natural conditions, the river channel has certain self-cleaning capacity, and under the combined action of physical (dilution, diffusion, precipitation and the like), chemical (oxidation, reduction, neutralization and the like), biological (absorption, degradation) and other factors, the concentration and toxicity of pollutants in the water body can be reduced, and the pollutants can be gradually recovered to the state before the pollutants are polluted. The self-cleaning ability of the river channel ecosystem is one of the important functions of the river channel ecosystem. However, the polluted river is often damaged, the self-cleaning capability is weakened or lost, and the self-cleaning capability needs to be recovered in the treatment process.
At present, the treatment of polluted water bodies comprises the following steps: physical, chemical and biological methods. The physical method usually adopts a physical method to clean the river pollutants, such as sediment dredging, mechanical algae removal and the like; however, the physical method for treating pollutants can only remove pollutants, and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of river water pollution. The chemical method is to purify the polluted river water by adopting a chemical method, and chemical flocculant, herbicide and the like are thrown; however, the chemical method for treating water body has serious chemical residue, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. The biological method comprises the following steps: the suspended filler is used as a biofilm carrier, the treatment effect of the biofilm technology on the polluted river sewage is researched, the treatment effect of the technology on COD and ammonia nitrogen is very obvious, but the technology has larger limitation on the water body with more complex pollutant types; the application of exogenous microorganisms to the black and odorous water body can obviously improve the water quality, and the black and odorous state of the water body is improved to different degrees, but the implementation is more complex due to the limitations of the microorganisms on the purification capacity of pollutants in the water body and the living environment of the microorganisms; an ecological floating island is constructed, and water quality is treated by using an aquatic animal and plant restoration technology, the technology can effectively improve water quality, improve DO (dissolved oxygen), and reduce nitrogen and phosphorus indexes, but is limited by the growth period of plants, the purification efficiency is low, and the plants need to be harvested regularly; compared with the traditional oxygenation mode, the micropore oxygenation aeration technology can uniformly oxygenate deep water, balance the water ecological environment and improve the water quality, but the treatment period is longer and the effect is not obvious.
Because the natural environment of the river channel is complex, the pollution mechanism of the black and odorous river channel is not clear, and a single method cannot achieve a good treatment effect. Therefore, a comprehensive, novel, efficient, stable and sustainable artificial ecological restoration technical system is needed to treat the river water pollution, namely, the problem of water pollution is solved economically, efficiently and fundamentally through a method combining engineering measures and artificial ecological measures.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a black and odorous river channel treatment method based on the river channel artificial ecosystem theory.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the black and odorous river channel treatment method based on the river channel artificial ecosystem theory comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting and treating the sewage on the two sides of the river channel, bringing the sewage into a secondary pipe network, conveying the sewage to a sewage treatment plant for treatment, and then discharging the sewage, so that the amount of the sewage discharged into the river channel is reduced from the source;
s2, removing the river sediment through dredging, and further treating the polluted part on the surface layer of the sediment, so that the problem of secondary pollution of the sediment on the surface layer is reduced, and a good condition is created for the intervention of microorganisms;
s3, arranging a plurality of biological filters in the water body, and adsorbing pollutants in the water body by adopting a biological membrane technology;
s4, arranging a plurality of deep microporous laminar flow aeration devices on the bottom layer of the river channel to form a circulation flow to take out carbon dioxide and ammonia in the water body and increase the DO content in the water body;
s5, putting compound microorganisms into the water body to rapidly improve the microorganism content in the water body, enhance the restoration capability and improve the water quality;
s6, building an artificial ecological floating island near a sewage discharge outlet, planting emergent aquatic plants and floating plants, adsorbing pollutants by using a plant root system, intercepting insoluble pollutants, and improving water quality;
s7, some benthonic animals such as mussels, snails and shrimps are thrown into the water body, pollutants in the bottom mud are consumed, and suspended matters such as algae are removed, so that the transparency is improved.
Further, in step S2, an environmental dredging method is adopted, and a special environmental-friendly dredger is used to remove the bottom mud.
Furthermore, the biofilter consists of carriers attached by microorganisms by adopting gravels and carbon fibers and a cuboid perforated container; the gravel comprises ceramsite and modified zeolite, the gravel and the carbon fibers are arranged in the cuboid container with the holes, and the ratio of the ceramsite to the modified zeolite is 1: 2.
further, the deep micropore laminar flow aeration device comprises an aerator, a self-sinking air pipe and an air compressor, wherein the aerator is positioned at the bottom of the river channel and is about 30cm away from the surface of sludge, the air compressors are arranged on two banks of the river channel, and the self-sinking air pipe is connected with the aerator and the air compressor.
Furthermore, the artificial ecological floating island takes a foam board with the thickness of 5-10 cm as a carrier for supporting the ecological floating island in the early stage, the foam board is laid on a water body during construction, then non-woven fabric with a capillary water absorption function is laid on the foam board, then a layer of 3-5 cm artificial substrate is laid on the non-woven fabric, then grass blanket plants, woody plants and emergent aquatic plants are sequentially laid, and the foam board laid at the bottom is removed when root systems of all plants are coiled into root pads with certain buoyancy.
The invention insists on the concept of sustainable development and the concept of system treatment to research the ecological restoration and the water environment problem, and adopts the integrated, high-efficiency and long-acting technology to treat the water pollution and restore the river ecology.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
① adopts the sewage holding pipe, which can reduce the sewage amount discharged into the river from the source.
② adopts environment-friendly dredging technology to position accurately, can effectively prevent over-excavation and missing excavation, does not damage the original soil, has small disturbance to the water body, does not cause secondary pollution, reduces the turbidity of the water body, and can reduce the treatment capacity of redundant water bodies.
③ adopts deep microporous laminar aeration method to improve water environment, increase DO content in water, promote floating island plant growth, and provide good throwing environment for microorganism and aquatic animal.
④ the artificial ecosystem of the river channel constructed in the town river channel can integrate the sewage treatment into the daily life of the residents in the town, has wide applicability, can solve the problems of unclear pollution source in old urban areas and direct discharge of sewage into the river channel, eliminates black and odorous substances, effectively improves the water quality of the river channel, better serves the surrounding residents, has the advantages of low cost, low energy consumption, less maintenance, high efficiency, quick response, no secondary pollution, long-term maintenance of water quality and the like, and also realizes the win-win effect of sewage treatment and landscape effect.
⑤ the treatment process practices the principle of combining ecology and functionality, and the principle of combining integrity and landscape, improves the water quality of the river channel, and simultaneously restores and reconstructs the water ecosystem which is supposed to be in the river channel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a black and odorous river treatment method based on the river artificial ecosystem theory provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an arrangement structure of an artificial ecosystem provided by the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a biofilter according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the artificial ecological floating island provided by the invention.
Wherein: the artificial ecological floating island comprises an artificial ecological floating island 1, an air compressor 2, an aerator 3, a self-sinking air pipe 4, a fountain 5, a sewage discharge outlet 6, a bridge head 7, a biological filter 8, carbon fibers 9, a foam board 10, non-woven fabrics 11, a matrix 12 and gravels 13.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
The black and odorous river channel treatment method based on the river channel artificial ecosystem theory is shown in figure 1. The invention remodels the river channel ecosystem by a series of engineering measures and means, and improves the self-cleaning capability of the river channel, enhances the stability of the river channel ecosystem, and realizes the in-situ treatment of the pollution problem of the urban river channel by artificial technologies such as biomembrane technology, microorganism strengthening technology, artificial floating island technology, aquatic animal and plant restoration technology, deep microporous laminar aeration technology and the like on the original basis.
Intercepting sewage holding pipe through the engineering measure, collecting the sewage of river course both sides and handling, bring the second grade pipe network into, then carry sewage treatment plant and handle the back and discharge, can reduce the sewage volume of discharging into the river course from the source.
The sediment dredging through engineering measures is to remove the sediment in the river channel through dredging, further treat the polluted part on the surface layer of the sediment, reduce the problem of secondary pollution of the sediment on the surface layer, and create a good condition for the intervention of microorganisms. The dredging method of the sediment needs to be selected and the mechanical specification needs to be selected according to the scale of the river channel and the pollution condition, the thickness of the sediment and the pollution distribution. The sediment dredging technology adopts an environmental dredging method and uses a special environment-friendly dredger to clear sediment.
The whole river channel artificial ecosystem is shown in figure 2, and the aeration system comprises an air compressor 2, eight aerators 3 and a self-sinking air pipe 4; the artificial ecological floating island 1 is arranged near the sewage discharge outlet 6, and a large amount of myriophyllum and celandine are planted on the floating island; two fountains 5 are arranged near bridgeheads 7 at two ends of the treated river reach to improve the landscape effect.
A plurality of biological filters 8 are arranged in the water body, and pollutants in the water body are adsorbed by adopting a biological membrane technology. As shown in fig. 3, the biofilter 8 consists of a cuboid perforated container and carriers for attachment of microorganisms using gravels 13 and carbon fibers 9; the gravel 13 comprises ceramsite and modified zeolite, the gravel and carbon fibers are arranged in the cuboid perforated container, and the ratio of the ceramsite to the modified zeolite is 1: 2.
the bottom layer of the river is provided with a plurality of deep microporous laminar aeration devices to form circulation flow to take out carbon dioxide and ammonia in the water body, so that the DO content in the water body is increased. The deep microporous laminar flow aeration device comprises an aerator 3, a self-sinking air pipe 4 and an air compressor 2, wherein the aerator 3 is positioned at the bottom of a river channel and is about 30cm away from the surface of sludge, the air compressor 2 is arranged on two banks of the river channel, and the self-sinking air pipe 4 is connected with the aerator 3 and the air compressor 2. The air compressor 2 provides pressure, the self-sinking air pipe 4 conveys air to the water bottom, a plurality of micropores with the aperture smaller than 2mm are distributed on an aeration head of the aerator 3, and tiny bubbles generated during aeration slowly rise to form circulation flow to fully mix the upper water body and the lower water body, thereby achieving the effect of increasing the DO content in the water body.
The compound microorganism is put into the water body to rapidly improve the microorganism content in the water body, enhance the restoration capability and improve the water quality.
Build artificial ecology chinampa 1 in the river course, utilize soilless culture, plant emergent aquatic plant and float the plant, utilize its root system to adsorb the pollutant, intercepting insoluble pollutant promotes quality of water. As shown in fig. 4, the artificial ecological floating island 1 uses a foam board with a thickness of 5-10 cm as a carrier for supporting the ecological floating island in the early stage, during construction, the foam board is firstly laid on a water body, then non-woven fabrics with a capillary water absorption function are laid on the foam board, then a layer of artificial substrate with a thickness of 3-5 cm is laid on the non-woven fabrics, then grass blanket plants, woody plants, emergent aquatic plants and the like are sequentially laid on the artificial ecological floating island, and the foam board laid at the bottom is removed when root systems of all plants are coiled into root pads with certain buoyancy.
Some benthonic animals such as mussels, snails, shrimps and the like are put into the water body, so that pollutants in the bottom mud are consumed, and suspended matters such as algae are removed, thereby improving the transparency.
Details not described in this specification are within the skill of the art that are well known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (5)
1. The black and odorous river channel treatment method based on the river channel artificial ecosystem theory comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting and treating the sewage on the two sides of the river channel, bringing the sewage into a secondary pipe network, conveying the sewage to a sewage treatment plant for treatment, and then discharging the sewage, so that the amount of the sewage discharged into the river channel is reduced from the source;
s2, removing the river sediment through dredging, and further treating the polluted part on the surface layer of the sediment, so that the problem of secondary pollution of the sediment on the surface layer is reduced, and a good condition is created for the intervention of microorganisms;
s3, arranging a plurality of biological filters (8) in the water body, and adsorbing pollutants in the water body by adopting a biological membrane technology;
s4, arranging a plurality of deep microporous laminar flow aeration devices on the bottom layer of the river channel to form a circulation flow to take out carbon dioxide and ammonia in the water body and increase the DO content in the water body;
s5, putting compound microorganisms into the water body to rapidly improve the microorganism content in the water body, enhance the restoration capability and improve the water quality;
s6, building an artificial ecological floating island (1) near the sewage discharge outlet (6), planting emergent aquatic plants and floating plants, adsorbing pollutants by using a plant root system, intercepting insoluble pollutants, and improving water quality;
s7, some benthonic animals such as mussels, snails and shrimps are thrown into the water body, pollutants in the bottom mud are consumed, and suspended matters such as algae are removed, so that the transparency is improved.
2. The black and odorous river channel treatment method based on the river channel artificial ecosystem theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S2, an environmental dredging method is used, and a special environmental-friendly dredger is used to remove the bottom mud.
3. The black and odorous river channel treatment method based on the river channel artificial ecosystem theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: the biological filter (8) consists of a carrier which adopts gravel (13) and carbon fiber (9) as microorganism adhesion and a cuboid perforated container; the gravel (13) comprises ceramsite and modified zeolite, the gravel and the carbon fiber are arranged in the cuboid perforated container, and the ratio of the ceramsite to the modified zeolite is 1: 2.
4. the black and odorous river channel treatment method based on the river channel artificial ecosystem theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: the deep microporous laminar flow aeration device comprises an aerator (3), a self-sinking air pipe (4) and an air compressor (2), wherein the aerator (3) is positioned at the bottom of a river channel and is about 30cm away from the surface of sludge, the air compressor (2) is arranged on two sides of the river channel, and the self-sinking air pipe (4) is connected with the aerator (3) and the air compressor (2).
5. The black and odorous river channel treatment method based on the river channel artificial ecosystem theory according to claim 1, characterized in that: the artificial ecological floating island (1) takes a foam board (10) with the thickness of 5-10 cm as a carrier for supporting the ecological floating island in the early stage, the foam board (10) is laid on a water body in the construction process, then a non-woven fabric (11) with a capillary water absorption function is laid on the foam board, then a layer of artificial substrate (12) with the thickness of 3-5 cm is laid on the non-woven fabric, then grass blanket plants, woody plants and emergent aquatic plants are laid in sequence, and the foam board (10) laid at the bottom is removed when root systems of all plants are coiled into root pads with certain buoyancy.
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Cited By (2)
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CN112390349A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-23 | 北京邦源环保科技股份有限公司 | Underwater bionic ecological system for river sewage bottom mud treatment |
CN112551823A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-26 | 无锡圣诺维环境技术有限公司 | Ecological restoration method for black and odorous river |
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