CN103190215A - Damaged farmland improving device and material discharging control method thereof - Google Patents

Damaged farmland improving device and material discharging control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103190215A
CN103190215A CN2013101189321A CN201310118932A CN103190215A CN 103190215 A CN103190215 A CN 103190215A CN 2013101189321 A CN2013101189321 A CN 2013101189321A CN 201310118932 A CN201310118932 A CN 201310118932A CN 103190215 A CN103190215 A CN 103190215A
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discharge
hydraulic motor
controller
discharge device
improved equipment
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CN2013101189321A
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CN103190215B (en
Inventor
武广伟
付卫强
孟志军
董建军
丛岳
王沛东
李由
张瑞瑞
徐刚
罗长海
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Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture
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Beijing Research Center of Intelligent Equipment for Agriculture
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Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a damaged farmland improving device and a material discharging control method thereof. The damaged farmland improving device comprises a machine frame, a material box arranged on the machine frame, a material discharging device, a material discharging pipe, a break shovel and a hydraulic motor. The material discharging device is driven to work through the hydraulic motor, a soil conditioner in the material box is discharged into ploughed soil, a mechanical degree is high, material discharging is even, labor intensity is reduced, and a use effect of the soil conditioner is improved. Simultaneously, the material discharging control method of the damaged farmland improving device uses a global positioning system (GPS) vertical-mounted terminal to control the material discharging device of the damaged farmland improving device intelligently through a controller and the hydraulic motor, soil conditioner discharging amount can be adjusted in real time, material discharging is intelligent, and a material discharging effect is good.

Description

Impaired farmland improved equipment and discharge control method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural mechanical field, relate in particular to a kind of impaired farmland improved equipment and discharge control method thereof.
Background technology
At present, because excessive use chemical fertilizer and agricultural chemicals cause the soil environment to go from bad to worse in China's agricultural production, cause soil compaction, pollution, soil, farmland amount of damage increases, productivity descends gradually, improvement is repaired in impaired farmland increase productivity and become Rural Sustainable Development and ensure the key that the peasant carries out production, become the main means that realize the land resources intensive utilization.At present, repair in impaired farmland and to use aspect the improvement more to be to use different types of soil conditioner in impaired farmland, to promote the formation of soil granular, the structure of improving the soil to a certain extent, increase soil fertility.
Use for the solid soil conditioner, common a kind of using method is to utilize manually soil conditioner to be spread fertilizer over the fields top layer, impaired farmland, but, manually spread fertilizer over the fields and soil conditioner can only be spread fertilizer over the fields at soil surface, can not fully mix with soil, reclamation result is poor, and labour intensity is big, and production efficiency is low.
Another kind method is to plough at the soil ploughing equipment to utilize fertilizer distributor to use soil conditioner in the operation process simultaneously, along with ploughing of soil, soil conditioner is mixed with soil.Wherein a kind of fertilizer distributor commonly used is the grooved pulley type discharge device, it is to rely on ground wheel drive and sprocket wheel chain machine driving to realize the control of discharge, but, because land wheel skids and the influence of the facility speed of travel causes inhomogeneous that soil conditioner uses, seriously reduce the result of use of soil conditioner, thereby influenced the effect that improvement is repaired in impaired farmland.
In addition, existing soil ploughing equipment mainly is to utilize mouldboard plow, loosenning tiller etc. to plough, soil conditioner can only mix with the soil of plow layer bottom, utilize existing ploughing equipment can not allow the upper layer of soil of impaired agricultural land soil layer mix with soil conditioner, and existing ploughing equipment tilth is at 0-30cm, and the soil horizon of impaired agricultural land soil generally surpasses 40cm, and existing ploughing equipment does not reach darker tilth.
Therefore, at above deficiency, the invention provides a kind of impaired farmland improved equipment and discharge control method thereof.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problem that will solve
The objective of the invention is to solve that the hand labor intensity that existing farmland improving technology exists is big, land improvement weak effect and the problem that relies on ground wheel drive discharge inequality.
(2) technical scheme
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of impaired farmland improved equipment, it comprises frame and is arranged on hopper, discharge device, drainage conduit, break shovel and hydraulic motor on the described frame, described discharge device is arranged on the bottom of described hopper, the bottom of described discharge device connects described drainage conduit, described hydraulic motor is connected with described discharge device and is used for driving described discharge device, described frame bottom arranges described break shovel, and described drainage conduit is arranged on the rear of described break shovel.
Wherein, also comprise discharging control system, described discharging control system comprises controller, electro-hydraulic proportional valve, GPS car-mounted terminal, speed probe and running velocity sensor, described controller is connected with described hydraulic motor by described electro-hydraulic proportional valve, described controller also connects described GPS car-mounted terminal, described running velocity sensor and described speed probe respectively, and described speed probe is connected with described hydraulic motor.
Wherein, described discharge device comprises rotating shaft, housing and is positioned at the material toggling gear of described housing, described housing is passed in described rotating shaft, described material toggling gear is arranged in the described rotating shaft and is positioned at the top of described discharge device feed opening, one end of described rotating shaft is provided with the discharge sprocket wheel, and described discharge sprocket wheel is connected with described hydraulic motor by chain.
Wherein, a plurality of described discharge devices are arranged side by side in the bottom of described hopper and connect by described rotating shaft, the number of described drainage conduit and the described break shovel number with described discharge device respectively is identical, each described drainage conduit is connected with corresponding described discharge device by a discharge flexible pipe respectively, and each described break shovel is arranged on the place ahead of corresponding described drainage conduit.
Wherein, on the described drainage conduit, be disposed with a plurality of discharge gates from top to bottom.
Wherein, described break shovel is circular arc dental formulas break shovel.
A kind of method of utilizing above-mentioned impaired farmland improved equipment to carry out discharge control provided by the invention may further comprise the steps:
S1, with the controller initialization;
S2, withdrawal rate is imported the GPS car-mounted terminal, the GPS car-mounted terminal sends to controller with withdrawal rate again;
The rotating speed that S3, controller are adjusted hydraulic motor (15) with close-loop control mode by the aperture of control electro-hydraulic proportional valve is adjusted withdrawal rate in real time.
Wherein, described step S2 is specially: the discharge prescription map is imported to the GPS car-mounted terminal, the GPS car-mounted terminal records positional information to withdrawal rate information and vehicle GPS in the discharge prescription map and mates mutually, the required withdrawal rate information in current position is sent to controller or manually withdrawal rate information imported the GPS car-mounted terminal, and the GPS car-mounted terminal sends to controller with withdrawal rate information again.
Wherein, described step S3 specifically comprises:
S31: controller reads the travel speed sensor and obtains impaired farmland improved equipment current driving speed;
S32: controller calculates the hydraulic motor rotating speed of target in conjunction with impaired farmland improved equipment current driving speed and target withdrawal rate information;
S33: controller reads speed probe and obtains the current actual speed of hydraulic motor, calculates the residual quantity of hydraulic motor (15) rotating speed of target and the current actual speed of hydraulic motor, adopts intelligent control algorithm to calculate electro-hydraulic proportional valve control amount;
S34: output electro-hydraulic proportional valve control amount;
Wherein, also comprise step S4: if needs are adjusted withdrawal rate, then return step S2.
(3) beneficial effect
Technique scheme of the present invention has following advantage: impaired farmland provided by the invention improved equipment is when turning in the soil, work by the fluid motor-driven discharge device, soil conditioner in the hopper is discharged in the soil of turning over, the mechanization degree height, discharge is even, reduce hand labor intensity, improved the result of use of soil conditioner; Simultaneously impaired farmland provided by the invention improved equipment discharge control method utilizes the GPS car-mounted terminal by controller and hydraulic motor the discharge device of impaired farmland improved equipment to be carried out Based Intelligent Control, can adjust the soil conditioner withdrawal rate in real time, discharge is all even more intelligent, and discharge is effective.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the end view of the impaired farmland of embodiment of the invention improved equipment;
Fig. 2 is the front view of the impaired farmland of embodiment of the invention improved equipment;
Fig. 3 is the annexation schematic diagram of embodiment of the invention discharging control system and hydraulic motor;
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the invention discharging control system control flow chart;
Among the figure, 1: hanger bracket; 2: hopper; 3: the discharge sprocket wheel; 4: chain; 5: frame; 6: motor sprocket; 7: drainage conduit; 8: wing shovel; 9: break shovel; 10: the discharge flexible pipe; 11: rotating shaft; 12: adjusting device; 13: discharge device; 14: electro-hydraulic proportional valve; 15: hydraulic motor; 16: round tube; 17: one deck discharge gate; 18: two layers of discharge gate; 19: the first dividing plates; 20: second partition; 21: the three dividing plates; 22: rectangular tube; 23: the four dividing plates; 24: three layers of discharge gate; 25: four layers of discharge gate; 26: the bottom discharge gate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used for explanation the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, impaired farmland provided by the invention improved equipment comprises frame 5 and is arranged on hopper 2, discharge device 13, drainage conduit 7, break shovel 9 and hydraulic motor 15 on the described frame 5, described discharge device 13 is arranged on the bottom of described hopper 2, the bottom of described discharge device 13 is connected with drainage conduit 7, described hydraulic motor 15 is connected with described discharge device 13 and is used for driving described discharge device, described frame 5 bottoms are provided with break shovel 9, and described drainage conduit 7 is arranged on the rear of described break shovel 9.
Further, discharge device 13 comprises rotating shaft 11, housing and is positioned at the material toggling gear of described housing, described housing is passed in described rotating shaft 11, described material toggling gear is arranged in the described rotating shaft 11 and is positioned at the top of described discharge device feed opening, one end of described rotating shaft 9 is provided with discharge sprocket wheel 3, described discharge sprocket wheel 3 is connected with described hydraulic motor 15 by chain 4, frame 5 with link to each other with hanger bracket 1 by pivot pin, farmland of the present invention improved equipment links to each other to be implemented in the farmland with pulling equipment by hanger bracket 1 and walks.
Like this, under the driving of hydraulic motor 15, discharge sprocket wheel 3 drives rotating shaft 11 and rotates, and then rotating shaft 11 drives discharge device 13 work, the material toggling gear carries out feeding under the transmission of rotating shaft, thereby the soil conditioner in the hopper 2 enters drainage conduit 7 by the feed opening of discharge device 13, when break shovel 9 is turned over, soil conditioner is entered in the soil of turning over by drainage conduit 7, realization is to the improvement in impaired farmland, the mechanization degree height, discharge is even, has avoided adopting the ground wheel mode to drive the discharge problem of non-uniform that causes.
As shown in Figure 3, impaired farmland provided by the invention improved equipment also comprises discharging control system, described discharging control system comprises controller, electro-hydraulic proportional valve 14, GPS car-mounted terminal, speed probe and running velocity sensor, described controller is connected with described hydraulic motor 15 by described electro-hydraulic proportional valve 14, described controller also connects described GPS car-mounted terminal, described running velocity sensor and described speed probe respectively, and described speed probe is connected with described hydraulic motor 15.
Specifically, the GPS car-mounted terminal can record the positional information of described impaired farmland improved equipment by GPS, and this information passed to controller, simultaneously, hydraulic motor 15 passes to controller by speed probe with its actual rotary speed information, the running velocity sensor that is arranged on the improved equipment of impaired farmland passes to controller with the impaired farmland current travel speed of improved equipment, controller drives the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor 15 of discharge device 13 by the aperture adjustment of control electro-hydraulic proportional valve 14 according to the information that receives, adjust the soil conditioner withdrawal rate in real time, realization is to the Based Intelligent Control of discharge device 13, make impaired farmland improved equipment discharge even, improve the soil conditioner availability, reduced the use cost of soil conditioner.
Further, four discharge devices 13 are arranged side by side in the bottom of hopper 2 and by rotating shaft 11 series connection, the number of drainage conduit 7 and break shovel 9 number with discharge device 13 respectively is identical, each drainage conduit 7 is connected with a corresponding discharge device 13 by a discharge flexible pipe 10 respectively, each break shovel 9 is arranged on the place ahead of corresponding drainage conduit 7, and drainage conduit 7 is fixed on the frame 5.Each discharge device 13 below should have a drainage conduit 7 and a break shovel 9 mutually.Certainly, two covers, three covers, five cover or more cover discharge devices 13, drainage conduit 7 and break shovels 9 also can be set below hopper 2.Can enlarge described farmland like this and repair the job area of improved equipment.
Further, on the described drainage conduit 7, be disposed with a plurality of discharge gates from top to bottom, discharge gate by these differing heights is discharged, can mix with the soil layer of the different work degree of depth is full and uniform, can obtain the good result of soil melioration, avoid existing drainage conduit 7 soil conditioner can only be discharged to the problem of the bottom of facility operation soil layer.
Further, described break shovel 9 is circular arc dental formulas break shovel, by circular arc dental formulas break shovel, can make the tilth of farmland of the present invention improved equipment darker, and the degree of depth can surpass 40cm, can reach the soil horizon degree of depth of impaired agricultural land soil.
In addition, as shown in Figure 4, the control flow of the discharge control of the impaired farmland of embodiment of the invention improved equipment is: at first to the controller initialization, controller reads the soil conditioner target amount of application information that the GPS car-mounted terminal sends, controller reads the current enforcement velocity information of the impaired farmland improved equipment of running velocity sensor acquisition again, controller is in conjunction with impaired farmland improved equipment current driving speed and soil conditioner target withdrawal rate information calculations hydraulic motor 15 rotating speed of target, controller reads speed probe and obtains hydraulic motor 15 actual speed, controller calculates the residual quantity of hydraulic motor 15 rotating speed of target and current actual speed then, and then adopt intelligent control algorithm to calculate electro-hydraulic proportional valve 14 controlled quentity controlled variables, export electro-hydraulic proportional valve 14 controlled quentity controlled variables at last, realize the control to hydraulic motor 15 rotating speeds.
Simultaneously, the discharge control method of impaired farmland provided by the invention improved equipment may further comprise the steps:
S1, with the controller initialization;
S2, with soil conditioner withdrawal rate input GPS car-mounted terminal, the GPS car-mounted terminal sends to controller with the soil conditioner withdrawal rate again;
S3, controller are adjusted the soil conditioner withdrawal rate with close-loop control mode in real time by the rotating speed of the hydraulic motor 15 of the aperture adjustment driving discharge device 13 of control electro-hydraulic proportional valve 14.
Step S2 is specially: soil conditioner discharge prescription map is imported to the GPS car-mounted terminal, the GPS car-mounted terminal records positional information to withdrawal rate information and vehicle GPS in the soil conditioner discharge prescription map and mates mutually, the required withdrawal rate information in current position is sent to controller or manually withdrawal rate information imported the GPS car-mounted terminal, and the GPS car-mounted terminal sends to controller with withdrawal rate information again.
Step S3 specifically comprises:
S31: controller reads the travel speed sensor and obtains farmland reparation improved equipment current driving speed;
S32: controller is repaired improved equipment current driving speed and soil conditioner target withdrawal rate information in conjunction with the farmland, calculates hydraulic motor 15 rotating speed of target;
S33: controller reads speed probe and obtains hydraulic motor 15 current actual speed, calculates the residual quantity of hydraulic motor 15 rotating speed of target and hydraulic motor 15 current actual speed, adopts intelligent control algorithm to calculate electro-hydraulic proportional valve 14 controlled quentity controlled variables;
S34: output electro-hydraulic proportional valve 14 controlled quentity controlled variables;
Wherein, also comprise step S4: if needs are adjusted withdrawal rate, then return step S2.
In sum, impaired farmland provided by the invention improved equipment is worked by the fluid motor-driven discharge device when turning in the soil, soil conditioner in the hopper is discharged in the soil of turning over, discharge is even, has reduced hand labor intensity, has improved the result of use of soil conditioner; By the multilayer discharge gate is set in drainage conduit, make soil conditioner can with full and uniform mixing of soil of the plow layer different work degree of depth, improve the effect of soil melioration; By adopting circular arc dental formulas break shovel, improved the tilth of farmland improved equipment; In addition, according to the withdrawal rate requirement, impaired farmland provided by the invention improved equipment discharge control method can be adjusted the soil conditioner withdrawal rate in real time by the control of discharging control system to the rotating speed of hydraulic motor, and discharge is all even more intelligent, and discharge is effective.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvement and modification, these improve and modification also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. impaired farmland improved equipment, it is characterized in that: comprise frame (5) and be arranged on hopper (2) on the described frame (5), discharge device (13), drainage conduit (7), break shovel (9) and hydraulic motor (15), described discharge device (13) is arranged on the bottom of described hopper (2), the bottom of described discharge device (13) connects described drainage conduit (17), described hydraulic motor (15) is connected with described discharge device (13) and is used for driving described discharge device, described frame (5) bottom arranges described break shovel (9), and described drainage conduit (7) is arranged on the rear of described break shovel (9).
2. impaired farmland according to claim 1 improved equipment, it is characterized in that: also comprise discharging control system, described discharging control system comprises controller, electro-hydraulic proportional valve (14), GPS car-mounted terminal, speed probe and running velocity sensor, described controller is connected with described hydraulic motor (15) by described electro-hydraulic proportional valve (14), described controller also connects described GPS car-mounted terminal, described running velocity sensor and described speed probe respectively, and described speed probe is connected with described hydraulic motor (15).
3. impaired farmland according to claim 2 improved equipment, it is characterized in that: described discharge device (13) comprises rotating shaft (11), housing and is positioned at the material toggling gear of described housing, described housing is passed in described rotating shaft (11), described material toggling gear is arranged on the top that described discharge device feed opening was gone up and was positioned in described rotating shaft (11), one end of described rotating shaft (9) is provided with discharge sprocket wheel (3), and described discharge sprocket wheel (3) is connected with described hydraulic motor (15) by chain (4).
4. impaired farmland according to claim 3 improved equipment, it is characterized in that: a plurality of described discharge devices (13) are arranged side by side in the bottom of described hopper (2) and by described rotating shaft (11) and connect, the number of described drainage conduit (7) and described break shovel (9) number with described discharge device (13) respectively is identical, each described drainage conduit (7) is connected with corresponding described discharge device (13) by a discharge flexible pipe (10) respectively, and each described break shovel (9) is arranged on the place ahead of corresponding described drainage conduit (7).
5. impaired farmland according to claim 4 improved equipment is characterized in that: on the described drainage conduit (7), be disposed with a plurality of discharge gates from top to bottom.
6. impaired farmland according to claim 5 improved equipment, it is characterized in that: it is characterized in that: described break shovel (9) is circular arc dental formulas break shovel.
7. one kind is utilized each described impaired farmland improved equipment of claim 2-6 to carry out the method that discharge is controlled, and it is characterized in that it may further comprise the steps:
S1, with the controller initialization;
S2, withdrawal rate is imported the GPS car-mounted terminal, the GPS car-mounted terminal sends to controller with withdrawal rate again;
The rotating speed that S3, controller are adjusted hydraulic motor (15) with close-loop control mode by the aperture of control electro-hydraulic proportional valve (14) is adjusted withdrawal rate in real time.
8. according to the described discharge control method of claim 7, it is characterized in that: described step S2 is specially: the discharge prescription map is imported to the GPS car-mounted terminal, the GPS car-mounted terminal records positional information to withdrawal rate information and vehicle GPS in the discharge prescription map and mates mutually, the required withdrawal rate information in current position is sent to controller or manually withdrawal rate information imported the GPS car-mounted terminal, and the GPS car-mounted terminal sends to controller with withdrawal rate information again.
9. described discharge control method according to Claim 8, it is characterized in that: described step S3 specifically comprises:
S31: controller reads the travel speed sensor and obtains impaired farmland improved equipment current driving speed;
S32: controller calculates hydraulic motor (15) rotating speed of target in conjunction with impaired farmland improved equipment current driving speed and target withdrawal rate information;
S33: controller reads speed probe and obtains the current actual speed of hydraulic motor (15), calculate the residual quantity of hydraulic motor (15) rotating speed of target and the current actual speed of hydraulic motor (15), adopt intelligent control algorithm to calculate electro-hydraulic proportional valve (14) controlled quentity controlled variable;
S34: output electro-hydraulic proportional valve (14) controlled quentity controlled variable.
10. according to the described discharge control method of claim 9, it is characterized in that: also comprise step S4: if needs are adjusted withdrawal rate, then return step S2.
CN201310118932.1A 2013-04-08 2013-04-08 Impaired farmland improved equipment and discharge control method thereof Active CN103190215B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108235835A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-07-03 潍坊友容实业有限公司 Sand improvement provisions for grouting

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2432757Y (en) * 2000-07-13 2001-06-06 吉林省农业科学院农业综合研究所 Cultivator deep soil loosening fertilizer
CN1717973A (en) * 2005-08-11 2006-01-11 上海交通大学 Precision and quantity-variation type seeding fertilizing machine with functions of opening and speed regulation
CN101398677A (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-01 北京农业信息技术研究中心 Variable fertilization control system and method
CN101916075A (en) * 2010-07-20 2010-12-15 上海交通大学 Fertilizer distributing amount error compensation control system for aperture rotate speed bivariate seeding fertilizer distributor

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2432757Y (en) * 2000-07-13 2001-06-06 吉林省农业科学院农业综合研究所 Cultivator deep soil loosening fertilizer
CN1717973A (en) * 2005-08-11 2006-01-11 上海交通大学 Precision and quantity-variation type seeding fertilizing machine with functions of opening and speed regulation
CN101398677A (en) * 2007-09-28 2009-04-01 北京农业信息技术研究中心 Variable fertilization control system and method
CN101916075A (en) * 2010-07-20 2010-12-15 上海交通大学 Fertilizer distributing amount error compensation control system for aperture rotate speed bivariate seeding fertilizer distributor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108235835A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-07-03 潍坊友容实业有限公司 Sand improvement provisions for grouting

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