CN103168678A - Cultivation method of chromosomal-translocation triploid seedless watermelons - Google Patents
Cultivation method of chromosomal-translocation triploid seedless watermelons Download PDFInfo
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- CN103168678A CN103168678A CN2013101003074A CN201310100307A CN103168678A CN 103168678 A CN103168678 A CN 103168678A CN 2013101003074 A CN2013101003074 A CN 2013101003074A CN 201310100307 A CN201310100307 A CN 201310100307A CN 103168678 A CN103168678 A CN 103168678A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of chromosomal-translocation triploid seedless watermelons. The cultivation method comprises the following steps of: (a) breeding of a male parent, namely crossing a chromosomal-translocation diploid watermelon breeding material with a diploid material suitable for serving as a seedless watermelon male parent, thus obtaining the male parent in a breeding method for four-generation continuous backcross, one-generation self cross and one-generation test cross; (b) breeding of a female parent, wherein mutating a diploid watermelon breeding material suitable for being mutated into tetraploid watermelons into tetraploid watermelons by a colchicine solution with the mass concentration of 0.2%, thus obtaining the female parent by self-crossing fertile restoration for 3-4 generations; and (c) performing cross matching on the female parent and the male parent to obtain the chromosomal-translocation triploid seedless watermelon variety through variety tests. The cultivation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that chromosomal translocation and 3X double abortion are superposed, so that the breeding difficulty of more colored and abortive grains of 3X seedless watermelons is effectively overcome; and when the chromosomal-translocation triploid seedless watermelons are planted in protected areas and areas with large temperature difference at day and night, the colored and abortive grains do not occur, so that the planting range is expanded.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant breeding, particularly relate to a kind of breeding method of aspermous watermelon.
Background technology
The method of cultivating at present aspermous watermelon has two kinds, and wherein first method is to utilize 4X to be female parent, and common 2X watermelon is that paternal hybrid is cultivated 3X aspermous watermelon kind, produces at present upper extensive use.But because painted not plump seed often easily appears in the 3X aspermous watermelon when day and night temperature is larger, directly affected the commodity of aspermous watermelon, restricted the development of aspermous watermelon industry, particularly aspermous watermelon can not be planted by the eugenic district of watermelon (area that day and night temperature is larger), and this is also the breeding difficult problem that present triploid watermelon breeding is difficult to overcome; Second method is to utilize hormone to cultivate without seed.The method exists the processing female flower loaded down with trivial details, and the painted not plump seed rate of the aspermous watermelon of knot is very high, without commodity value, all utilizes on various countries' watermelon is produced at present.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the existing painted not plump seed of TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind many, and affect the breeding difficult problem of commodity, the breeding method of the chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER of the not plump seed of the basic non-coloring of a kind of fruit is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A kind of breeding method of chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER comprises the steps:
The seed selection of a, male parent: with chromosome translocation diploid watermelon breeding material and the suitable dliploid material of making the aspermous watermelon male parent, in 4 generations of continuous backcross, adopted in hybridization, 1 generation of selfing, the breeding method in 1 generation of test cross can obtain chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER 2X transposition male parent;
B, maternal seed selection: with the diploid watermelon breeding material of suitable mutagenesis tetraploid watermelon, be 0.2% the colchicin aqueous solution mutagenesis body watermelon that quadruples with mass concentration, pass through 3-4 and recover for Self-cross fertility, become the maternal material of seedless watermelon breeding;
C, chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER are cultivated: use maternal material or the common tetraploid watermelon material of the seedless watermelon breeding of step b acquisition to do maternal, hybridize apolegamy with the male parent that step a obtains, through varietal yield test, can breed chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind.
Chromosome translocation diploid watermelon breeding basic material is preferred: Tianjin spend No. four, Shaoziheiganlan, in educate No. ten, jubilee or easily red No. one.
The suitable dliploid material of making the aspermous watermelon male parent is preferred: in educate No. six, crimson, sugarlee or smokylee.
The diploid watermelon breeding material of suitable mutagenesis tetraploid watermelon is preferred: honey is precious, in to educate variant or the Xinhongbao of No. six maternal.
Common tetraploid watermelon material is preferred: honey piece, Zheng draw 401,4N-l is educated in Tianjin, 4N-3 is educated in Tianjin or new lm.
Advantage of the present invention:
(1) with chromosome translocation and the dual abortion stack of 3X, effectively overcome the many breeding difficult problems of the painted not plump seed of 3X aspermous watermelon, at protection ground and the large ecological region planting aspermous watermelon of day and night temperature, painted not plump seed does not all appear in its fruit.Expanded the planting range of aspermous watermelon.
(2) chromosome translocation is dominant inheritance, adopts continuous backcross, the transformation speed of isozygotying fast.
(3) 3X aspermous watermelon major traits and seed are produced without impact.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the breeding technique route map of male parent.
Fig. 2 is the breeding technique route map of chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind.
Specific embodiments
The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with concrete case study on implementation.
Embodiment 1
The breeding method of chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER comprises the steps:
The seed selection of a, male parent: with chromosome translocation diploid watermelon breeding material jubilee (being called for short Jb) and suitable dliploid material smokylee (the being called for short Sm) hybridization of making the aspermous watermelon male parent, adopt continuous backcross 4 generations (the few seed list melon of each backcross progeny choosing backcrosses); 1 generation of selfing, in 1 generation of test cross, (select seed many single melon and common 2X to carry out test cross, selecting test cross is single melon of few seed) breeding method, can obtain the chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER 2X transposition male parent smokylee equipotential of the chromosome translocation (system), code name is SS-3; (seeing Fig. 1)
The seed selection of b, female parent: educate the variant of No. six in the diploid watermelon breeding material with suitable mutagenesis tetraploid watermelon, be 0.2% the colchicin aqueous solution mutagenesis body watermelon that quadruples with mass concentration, through the Self-cross fertility recovery of 4 generations, become the maternal material 4N-5 of seedless watermelon breeding;
C, chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER are cultivated: make female parent with 4N-5, hybridize apolegamy with SS-3 as male parent, through varietal yield test, can breed chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind " No. 8, Tianjin honey ".(seeing Fig. 2)
Embodiment 2
" No. 8, Tianjin honey " variety comparative test of cultivating
The 2006-2007 spring is carried out the aspermous watermelon varietal yield test at Baodi District Bio-Centers booth, and take Heimi 2 as contrast, random district group is arranged, and establishes three repetitions, kind 20 strains of every residential quarter, area 25m
2, spacing in the rows 0.5m, line-spacing 2.5m, single file plantation, three climing trainings, every strain are stayed the 3rd female flower and with one of the fruit in recoil.Adopt the plastic mulching furrow planting, the husky earth of soil property, middle fertility, 667m
2Execute thousand chicken manure 500kg, diammonium phosphate 30kg, urea 2Okg, March 5 grew seedlings, and April 7 transplanted.The result of the test yielding ability sees Table 1, quality sees Table 2.
No. 8 yielding ability comparative results of table-1 Tianjin honey
No. 8 quality comparative results of table-2 Tianjin honey
Found out by table 1, table 2: the pure jungle green of pericarp that No. 8, Tianjin honey, the average 7.1kg of single melon, black honey increases by 0,7kg No. two; Amount to per mu yield 3801.9kg, black honey increases by 12.3%, increase yield significantly No. two; Center soluble solids content 12.6%, contrast improves one percentage point; Skin depth 1.2cm, the flesh look red, fabulous without seed, painted not plump seed melon not only do not occur, and the black honey of contrast is 25% No. two, and the white arsenic seed also is less than No. two, the black honey of contrast.
The chromosome translocation triploid watermelon is without the seed test
Take SS-3 chromosome translocation material as male parent, take dissimilar 4X as maternal, carry out without the seed test.Test being located at Tianjin, Shaanxi, respectively combination kind of 3 repetitions, the every repetition planted 20 strains, investigates the painted kind of single melon during fruit maturation in number.Result of the test sees Table-3.
Table-3 chromosome translocation triploid watermelons are without the seed test
-3 can be found out by table, utilize the almost not plump seed of non-coloring of TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER that chromosome translocation cultivates.Illustrate that chromosome translocation abortion and 3X abortion can effectively superpose.
Embodiment 4
With Tianjin spend No. four, Shaoziheiganlan, in educate No. ten or the easy jubilee of a red alternate embodiment 1, other can obtain chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER 2X transposition male parent with the step a of embodiment 1.
With in educate the smokylee of No. six, crimson or sugarlee alternate embodiment 1, the step a of the other the same as in Example 1 can obtain chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER 2X transposition male parent.
Embodiment 6
With the variant of educating No. six in the maternal alternate embodiment 1 of sweet treasured or Xinhongbao, the step b of the other the same as in Example 1 can obtain the maternal material of seedless watermelon breeding.
Embodiment 7
The maternal material of the seedless watermelon breeding that obtains with embodiment 6 is respectively hybridized apolegamy with the male parent material of embodiment 4 acquisitions, through varietal yield test, breeds respectively chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind.Experimental results show that the yielding ability, quality, similar without No. 8, seed and Tianjin honey of these kinds.
Embodiment 8
Respectively with honey piece, Zheng draw 401,4N-l is educated in Tianjin, 4N-3 is educated in Tianjin or new 1m is hybridized apolegamy with the male parent material of embodiment 4 acquisitions, through varietal yield test, breeds respectively chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind.Experimental results show that the yielding ability, quality, similar without No. 8, seed and Tianjin honey of these kinds.
Embodiment 9
The maternal material of the seedless watermelon breeding that obtains with embodiment 6 is respectively hybridized apolegamy with the male parent material of embodiment 5 acquisitions, through varietal yield test, breeds respectively chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind.Experimental results show that the yielding ability, quality, similar without No. 8, seed and Tianjin honey of these kinds.
Embodiment 10
Respectively with honey piece, Zheng draw 401,4N-l is educated in Tianjin, 4N-3 is educated in Tianjin or new lm is hybridized apolegamy with the male parent material of embodiment 5 acquisitions, through varietal yield test, breeds respectively chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind.Experimental results show that the yielding ability, quality, similar without No. 8, seed and Tianjin honey of these kinds.
Claims (5)
1. the breeding method of a chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The seed selection of a, male parent: with chromosome translocation diploid watermelon breeding material and the suitable dliploid material hybridization of making the aspermous watermelon male parent, adopt 4 generations of continuous backcross, in 1 generation of selfing, the breeding method in 1 generation of test cross can obtain chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER 2X transposition male parent;
B, maternal seed selection: with the diploid watermelon breeding material of suitable mutagenesis tetraploid watermelon, be 0.2% the colchicin aqueous solution mutagenesis body watermelon that quadruples with mass concentration, pass through 3-4 and recover for Self-cross fertility, become the maternal material of seedless watermelon breeding;
C, chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER are cultivated: use maternal material or the common tetraploid watermelon material of the seedless watermelon breeding of step b acquisition to do maternal, hybridize apolegamy with the male parent that step a obtains, through varietal yield test, can breed chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER kind.
2. the breeding method of a kind of chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER according to claim 1, it is characterized in that chromosome translocation diploid watermelon breeding basic material be Tianjin spend No. four, Shaoziheiganlan, in educate No. ten, jubilee or easily red No. one.
3. the breeding method of a kind of chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER according to claim 1 is characterized in that the suitable dliploid material of making the aspermous watermelon male parent educates No. six, crhnson, sugarlee or smokylee in being.
4. the breeding method of a kind of chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the diploid watermelon breeding material of described suitable mutagenesis tetraploid watermelon is precious for honey, in to educate variant or the Xinhongbao of No. six maternal.
5. the breeding method of a kind of chromosome translocation TRIPLOID SEEDLESS WATER according to claim 1 is characterized in that described common tetraploid watermelon material is for honey piece, Zheng draw 401,4N-l is educated in Tianjin, 4N-3 or new 1m are educated in the ocean.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103518620A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 林平 | Cultivation method of new triploid sugar broomcorn product |
| CN103535273A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-29 | 林平 | Breeding method for new triploid sorghum hybrid products |
| CN104619163A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2015-05-13 | 纽海姆有限公司 | Triploid watermelon plants with a bush growth habit |
| CN108040938A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-05-18 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of method that Hong Kong oyster triploid production performance is improved by Parent improvement |
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| WO2003056901A2 (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2003-07-17 | Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc. | Method of producing seedless watermelon |
| CN1778165A (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-05-31 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司蔬菜研究所 | Cultivation of watermelon with few seeds |
| US20080134368A1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-05 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Watermelon pollenizer SP-4 |
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2013
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| WO2003056901A2 (en) * | 2001-12-26 | 2003-07-17 | Seminis Vegetable Seeds, Inc. | Method of producing seedless watermelon |
| CN1778165A (en) * | 2004-11-17 | 2006-05-31 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司蔬菜研究所 | Cultivation of watermelon with few seeds |
| US20080134368A1 (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2008-06-05 | Syngenta Participations Ag | Watermelon pollenizer SP-4 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104619163A (en) * | 2012-02-13 | 2015-05-13 | 纽海姆有限公司 | Triploid watermelon plants with a bush growth habit |
| CN103518620A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-22 | 林平 | Cultivation method of new triploid sugar broomcorn product |
| CN103535273A (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2014-01-29 | 林平 | Breeding method for new triploid sorghum hybrid products |
| CN108040938A (en) * | 2017-10-09 | 2018-05-18 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | A kind of method that Hong Kong oyster triploid production performance is improved by Parent improvement |
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Application publication date: 20130626 |