CN101530058A - Method for cultivating high-female few-seed watermelon - Google Patents
Method for cultivating high-female few-seed watermelon Download PDFInfo
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- CN101530058A CN101530058A CN200810154705A CN200810154705A CN101530058A CN 101530058 A CN101530058 A CN 101530058A CN 200810154705 A CN200810154705 A CN 200810154705A CN 200810154705 A CN200810154705 A CN 200810154705A CN 101530058 A CN101530058 A CN 101530058A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating high-female few-seed watermelon. The method comprises the steps of obtaining different watermelon translocation materials Y-5 and YN-10, obtaining a watermelon high-female gene material H-12, performing high-female gene transfer on the Y-5 and the YN-10 taken as recurrent parents together with the H-12 by adopting the methods of generation-II back cross, generation-II self cross and generation-I test cross, hybridizing a homozygous YNC-10 high-female translocation material and a homozygous YC-5 high-female translocation material, and obtaining the high-female few-seed watermelon with objective traits through a field variety comparing-testing-breeding procedure. The method transfers different chromosome translocation to a female-parent material and a male-parent material respectively, thereby not only improving transfer efficiency but also ensuring that transfer materials are easy to protect. The watermelon cultivated by the method is few in watermelon seeds, convenient to eat, large in quantity of female flowers and easy to cultivate. In addition, due to few seeds, the method also reduces harmful effects of seed respiration on storage, thereby strengthening storage property.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant breeding, particularly relate to a kind of breeding method of variety of watermelon.
Background technology
The method of cultivating at present watermelon with few seeds has two kinds, and wherein first method is to utilize 4X to cultivate watermelon with few seeds: this method is that the 2X watermelon is become the 4X watermelon with 0.2% colchicin mutagenesis, utilizes the few characteristics cultivation watermelon with few seeds of 4X watermelon seed.But owing to shortcomings such as the 4X watermelon exist skin depth, ripe evening, and melon is individual little, and seed production is low, report 4X watermelon with few seeds is only arranged at present, recommended variety is not also arranged.Second method is to utilize chromosome translocation to cultivate watermelon with few seeds: utilize methods such as radiation, mutagenesis to create the nonhomologous chromosome transposition, obtain the heterozygosis translocator, carry out selfing again and isozygoty, breed the transposition watermelon material that isozygotys, obtain F with non-transposition watermelon material hybridization again
1For seed, use F
1The melon of producing for seed then is a watermelon with few seeds.Report only has the watermelon with few seeds kind of 2 pairs of nonhomologous chromosome transpositions at present, and the average seed number of its single melon is about 200.Such seed number can't become real watermelon with few seeds, it is generally acknowledged single melon seed at the 70-100 grain, is the desirable watermelon with few seeds standard of people, because seed will influence the generation of watermelon fruit endogenous hormones less, influence is beared fruit and the expanding of fruit.Watermelon strong female be newfound new breeding material, how it is utilized and breed breeding does not still have report at present.The integration of the few seed breeding material of strong female series of watermelon and watermelon is bred the method and the watermelon with few seeds kind of high-female few-seed watermelon and is not still had report at present both at home and abroad.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of breeding method of high-female few-seed watermelon is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is summarized as follows:
A kind of breeding method of high-female few-seed watermelon comprises the steps:
1. the acquisition of the different transposition materials of watermelon: a, in the offspring that U.S.'s watermelon Billy's breeding material of a specified duration and other 2x breeding material are hybridized, find to exist the nonhomologous chromosome transposition by genetic analysis, isozygoty through the selfing of 6 generations, bred nonhomologous chromosome transposition breeding basic material Y-5; B, in offspring's parting material of the male degeneration breeding material of watermelon and the hybridization of other 2x breeding material, find to exist the nonhomologous chromosome transposition, pass through and other 2x breeding material backcross transformation, bred the male sterile nonhomologous chromosome transposition material YN-10 that isozygotys; C, chromosome non-homology translocation test: Y-5, YN-10 are hybridized, observe its F
1For seed and pollen abortion rate, seeds abortion is about 75% as a result, and pollen abortion also is about 75%; Two chromosome translocation materials of proof Y-5, YN-10 are different translocators;
2. the acquisition of the strong female gene material of watermelon: found strong female plant in " celebrating send out No. 8 " hybrid water melon offspring separates, obtained the strong female gene material of inheritance stability through the continuous selfing in 4 generations, the breeding code name is H-12;
3. the transformation of described Y-5, YN-10 and H-12 is integrated: Y-5, YN-10 are carried out strong female gene transformation as the backcross method in 1 generation of 2 generations of 2 generations, selfing, test cross of recurrent parent and H-12 employing, and described Y-5 changes strong female gene technology path as shown in Figure 1; Described YN-10 changes strong female gene technology path as shown in Figure 3;
4. the strong female transposition material of the YNC-10 that will isozygoty is hybridized with the strong female transposition material of YC-5 that isozygotys, and through the field varietal yield test procedure of breeding, obtains to have the high-female few-seed watermelon of objective trait.
The assay method of described nonhomologous chromosome transposition is: 1. the few seed material of difference is done maternal test cross with the orthodox material of setting seeds and carry out genetic analysis, F wherein
150% fruit is set seeds normally; 50% fruit is set seeds and is reduced half, and the pollen abortion rate is 50% o'clock, carries out cytological Identification, converges or forms " bridge " when chromosome forms " cross " connection, then is defined as nonhomologous chromosome transposition material; 2. do female parent with the known transposition material that isozygotys, described nonhomologous chromosome transposition material is done paternal hybrid, F
1It is about 75% to show as the pollen abortion rate, and single melon number of setting seeds is about 25% of normal fruits, determines that then measured material is different translocators with female parent.
Advantage of the present invention:
1, female parent and male parent material are arrived in different chromosome translocation difference transformations, both improved transformation efficient, the transformation material is protected easily.
Though 2, the strong female series transformation of watermelon is a recessive inheritance, have only the control of a pair of major gene resistance, therefore can adopt 2 generations of 2 generations of continuous backcross, selfing, the test cross breeding method in 1 generation, the strong female series of the chromosome translocation that can obtain to isozygoty.
3, the variety of watermelon about the single melon seed number 70-100 grain of cultivation, both instants, few because of the watermelon fruit and seed again, in process of growth, reduce nutrient consumption, quality is improved, and seed also reduces the harmful effect of seed breathing to preserving in the storage less simultaneously, thereby storage property strengthens, section is also few because of seed, and commodity improves.Therefore watermelon with few seeds has the aspermous watermelon instant, and product 2X watermelon seed of fine quality and common price is low, easily the two-fold advantage of cultivation.
4, the high-female few-seed watermelon female flower is many, increases by 500 above than the female flower quantity of common variety of watermelon.Not only overcome the defective that it is difficult that watermelon with few seeds is beared fruit, can whenever select good strains in the field for seed and stay a fruit or many fruits according to the demand of market simultaneously, realized a kind multiple use the fruit size.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 changes strong female gene technology path for Y-5;
Fig. 2 changes strong female gene technology path for YN-10;
Fig. 3 changes strong female gene technology path for YN-10.
Embodiment:
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of breeding method of high-female few-seed watermelon comprises the steps:
1. the few seed fruit that occurs among the acquisition of the different transposition materials of watermelon: a, the offspring with U.S.'s watermelon Billy's breeding material of a specified duration and " spend No. one in Tianjin " hybridization, through the selfing of 6 generations isozygoty, 1 generation test cross can breed the nonhomologous chromosome transposition breeding basic material that isozygotys, code name is Y-5; B, in the male degeneration offspring of watermelon parting material, find to exist the nonhomologous chromosome transposition, through and the maternal backcross transformation of common watermelon " spend No. in Tianjin ", bred the male sterile nonhomologous chromosome transposition material that isozygotys, code name is YN-10; C, nonhomologous chromosome translocation test: Y-5, YN-10 are hybridized, observe its F
1For seed and pollen abortion rate, seeds abortion is about 75% as a result, and pollen abortion also is about 75%; Two chromosome translocation materials of proof Y-5, YN-10 are different translocators;
2. the acquisition of the strong female gene material of watermelon: found strong female plant in " celebrating send out No. 8 " hybrid water melon offspring separates, obtained the strong female gene material of inheritance stability through the continuous selfing in 4 generations, the breeding code name is H-12;
3. the transformation of described Y-5, YN-10 and H-12 is integrated: Y-5, YN-10 are carried out strong female gene transformation as the backcross method in 1 generation of 2 generations of 2 generations, selfing, test cross of recurrent parent and H-12 employing, and described Y-5 changes strong female gene technology path as shown in Figure 1; Described YN-10 changes strong female gene technology path as shown in Figure 2;
4. the strong female transposition material of the YN-10 that will isozygoty is hybridized with the strong female transposition material of Y-5 that isozygotys, and through the field varietal yield test procedure of breeding, obtains to have the high-female few-seed watermelon of objective trait.
Utilize the few seed material of Y-5, YN-10, bred precocious high-quality watermelon with few seeds new varieties " spend No. four in Tianjin ", 2002 by the Tianjin variety certification.The strong female series H-12 that separates from the first-filial generation of introducing, through genetic development research, clear and definite its strong female proterties is the recessive inheritance that a pair of major gene resistance is controlled.By the transformation in 1 generation of 2 generations of 2 generations of different transposition material continuous backcross with Y-5, YN-10, selfing, test cross, strong female series transposition breeding material YC-5, YNC-10 have been bred, through survey join, the field comparative test, bred high-female few-seed watermelon, tentative be " strong female No. 1 of Tianjin ".
Embodiment 2
The assay method of nonhomologous chromosome transposition is: 1. the few seed material of difference is done maternal test cross with the orthodox material of setting seeds and carry out genetic analysis, F wherein
150% fruit is set seeds normally; 50% fruit is set seeds and is reduced half, and the pollen abortion rate is 50% o'clock, carries out cytological Identification, converges or forms " bridge " when chromosome forms " cross " connection, then is defined as nonhomologous chromosome transposition material; 2. do female parent with the known transposition material that isozygotys, described nonhomologous chromosome transposition material is done paternal hybrid, F
1It is about 75% to show as the pollen abortion rate, and single melon number of setting seeds is about 25% of normal fruits, determines that then measured material is different translocators with female parent.
Embodiment 3
A kind of breeding method of high-female few-seed watermelon, with " spend No. one in Tianjin " in " glad No. one of capital " alternate embodiment 1, other material and step are with embodiment 1.
Embodiment 4
A kind of breeding method of high-female few-seed watermelon, with " spend No. one in Tianjin " in " glad No. two of capital " alternate embodiment 1, other material and step are with embodiment 1.
Claims (2)
1. the breeding method of a high-female few-seed watermelon is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1. the acquisition of the different transposition materials of watermelon: a, in the offspring that U.S.'s watermelon Billy's breeding material of a specified duration and other 2x breeding material are hybridized, find to exist the nonhomologous chromosome transposition by genetic analysis, isozygoty through the selfing of 6 generations, bred nonhomologous chromosome transposition breeding basic material Y-5; B, in offspring's parting material of the male degeneration breeding material of watermelon and the hybridization of other 2x breeding material, find to exist the nonhomologous chromosome transposition, pass through and other 2x breeding material backcross transformation, bred the male sterile nonhomologous chromosome transposition material YN-10 that isozygotys; C, chromosome non-homology translocation test: Y-5, YN-10 are hybridized, observe its F
1For seed and pollen abortion rate, seeds abortion is about 75% as a result, and pollen abortion also is about 75%; Two chromosome translocation materials of proof Y-5, YN-10 are different translocators;
2. the acquisition of the strong female gene material of watermelon: found strong female plant in " celebrating send out No. 8 " hybrid water melon offspring separates, obtained the strong female gene material of inheritance stability through the continuous selfing in 4 generations, the breeding code name is H-12;
3. the transformation of described Y-5, YN-10 and H-12 is integrated: Y-5, YN-10 are carried out strong female gene transformation as the backcross method in 1 generation of 2 generations of 2 generations, selfing, test cross of recurrent parent and H-12 employing, and described Y-5 changes strong female gene technology path as shown in Figure 1; Described YN-10 changes strong female gene technology path as shown in Figure 2;
4. the strong female transposition material of the YNC-10 that will isozygoty is hybridized with the strong female transposition material of YC-5 that isozygotys, and through the field varietal yield test procedure of breeding, obtains to have the high-female few-seed watermelon of objective trait.
2. the breeding method of a kind of high-female few-seed watermelon according to claim 1 is characterized in that the assay method of described nonhomologous chromosome transposition is: 1. the few seed material of difference is done maternal test cross with the orthodox material of setting seeds and carry out genetic analysis, F wherein
150% fruit is set seeds normally; 50% fruit is set seeds and is reduced half, and the pollen abortion rate is 50% o'clock, carries out cytological Identification, converges or forms " bridge " when chromosome forms " cross " connection, then is defined as nonhomologous chromosome transposition material; 2. do female parent with the known transposition material that isozygotys, described nonhomologous chromosome transposition material is done paternal hybrid, F
1It is about 75% to show as the pollen abortion rate, and single melon number of setting seeds is about 25% of normal fruits, determines that then measured material is different translocators with female parent.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103168678A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-06-26 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司蔬菜研究所 | Cultivation method of chromosomal-translocation triploid seedless watermelons |
| CN103937785A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-07-23 | 北京市农林科学院 | Watermelon female lines gene C1WIP1 and chromosome translocation and linkage marker |
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- 2008-12-30 CN CN200810154705A patent/CN101530058A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103168678A (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2013-06-26 | 天津科润农业科技股份有限公司蔬菜研究所 | Cultivation method of chromosomal-translocation triploid seedless watermelons |
| CN103937785A (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2014-07-23 | 北京市农林科学院 | Watermelon female lines gene C1WIP1 and chromosome translocation and linkage marker |
| CN103937785B (en) * | 2014-01-20 | 2016-04-13 | 北京市农林科学院 | Watermelon female line gene C lWIP1 and chromosome translocation and linked marker |
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Open date: 20090916 |