CN103137469B - 一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法 - Google Patents

一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法 Download PDF

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CN103137469B
CN103137469B CN201110374966.8A CN201110374966A CN103137469B CN 103137469 B CN103137469 B CN 103137469B CN 201110374966 A CN201110374966 A CN 201110374966A CN 103137469 B CN103137469 B CN 103137469B
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郭晓波
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Shanghai Huahong Grace Semiconductor Manufacturing Corp
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法,在需要制作钝化层的基片上进行非感光性聚酰亚胺的旋涂和烘烤,采用低温的方法生长一层二氧化硅,在二氧化硅上进行光刻胶的旋涂和烘烤,曝光显影获得光刻胶图形,以光刻胶图形为掩膜层,刻蚀二氧化硅形成图形,剥离去除光刻胶,再以图形化的二氧化硅为掩膜层,干法刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺以形成图形,再用干法回刻的方法去除二氧化硅,最后经固化后获得非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层。本发明解决了传统非感光性聚酰亚胺工艺中金属铝被显影腐蚀、非感光性聚酰亚胺的形貌差以及光刻胶残留等问题。

Description

一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法
技术领域
本发明属于半导体集成电路制造工艺,涉及一种钝化层制作方法,尤其涉及一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法。
背景技术
非感光性polyimide(聚酰亚胺)材料由于其良好的耐高温特性、机械性能、电学性能以及化学稳定性,已被广泛的应用于半导体器件的钝化层工艺中,以减少各种自然环境和工作环境对半导体器件造成的损害,从而提高器件的可靠性和稳定性。
一般传统的非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层工艺流程如图1所示,首先在需要制作非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的基片上进行非感光性聚酰亚胺的旋涂和烘烤,再在非感光性聚酰亚胺上进行光刻胶的旋涂和烘烤,然后通过曝光显影的方法将已曝光的光刻胶及其底部的非感光性聚酰亚胺同时显影去除获得所需的非感光性聚酰亚胺和光刻胶图形,再将未曝光的光刻胶通过光刻胶剥离液去除,经固化后获得非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层。但在实际研发和使用过程中,这种方法存在如图2-4所示的一些缺点:缺点一是显影过程中,为了保证非感光性聚酰亚胺的充分显影,通常显影时间较长,这样在非感光性聚酰亚胺膜厚较小的地方会因为过显影而使显影液腐蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺底部的金属铝(如图2所示),进而影响半导体器件的性能;缺点二是在显影过程中,由于显影液显影能力的各向同性的特征,因此在显影液对非感光性聚酰亚胺的厚度方向进行显影时,非感光性聚酰亚胺的侧向也会受到来自显影液的同样程度的显影(即显影液对 下层非感光性聚酰亚胺的纵向和横向可同时显影),这就导致了非感光性聚酰亚胺的形貌会非常斜且不可控(如图3所示),这种很斜的形貌不仅影响最终器件的性能,同时也使得钝化层的开孔(PAD)与开孔之见的距离不能太小,这不利于器件的小型化;缺点三是在非感光性聚酰亚胺的上面旋涂一层光刻胶后,由于通常的非感光性聚酰亚胺中的溶剂(例如:NMP,N-甲基吡咯烷酮)对光刻胶的溶解能力很强,因此在非感光性聚酰亚胺中就会混溶一部分光刻胶,这部分的光刻胶很难通过后续的光刻胶剥离液去除,因而会在非感光性聚酰亚胺图形上发生光刻胶残留现象(如图4所示)。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法,以解决传统非感光性聚酰亚胺工艺中金属铝被显影腐蚀、非感光性聚酰亚胺的形貌差以及光刻胶残留等问题。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)提供一需制作非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的基片;
(2)在基片上进行非感光性聚酰亚胺的旋涂、烘烤;
(3)采用低温氧化法生长二氧化硅薄膜层;
(4)光刻胶的旋涂、烘烤;
(5)曝光及显影获得光刻胶图形;
(6)以光刻胶图形为刻蚀掩膜层,刻蚀二氧化硅薄膜层形成图形;
(7)剥离去除光刻胶;
(8)以图形化的二氧化硅薄膜层为刻蚀掩膜层,干法刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺以形成钝化层图形;
(9)用干法回刻的方法去除二氧化硅薄膜层;
(10)固化后获得非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层。
在步骤(1)中,所述基片上的顶层金属连线已经形成,或者所述基片上的顶层金属连线以及介质层钝化膜的图形已经形成。
在步骤(2)中,所述的非感光性聚酰亚胺是指其对波长436纳米的G-line,波长365纳米的I-line,波长248纳米的KrF和波长193纳米的ArF中的任意一种或多种光不具有光敏性。所述的非感光性聚酰亚胺旋涂、烘烤后的薄膜厚度为1-50微米,其烘烤温度为50-200℃,烘烤时间为30秒-5小时。优选地,所述烘烤温度为130℃,烘烤时间为5分钟。
在步骤(3)中,所述的低温氧化法包括等离子体化学气相淀积或光能化学气相淀积方法,其反应温度低于400℃,优选地是指一种高密度的等离子体化学气相淀积(HDP CVD),反应气体包括硅烷(SiH4),氧气(O2)和氩气(Ar),反应温度为80-150℃,气体压力为0.5-20毫托,射频功率为500-2000瓦,且所述的二氧化硅薄膜层5的厚度为50-5000埃。
在步骤(4)中,所述的光刻胶旋涂、烘烤后的厚度为0.5-10微米。
在步骤(5)中,所述的曝光光源是波长436纳米的G-line,波长365纳米的I-line,波长248纳米的KrF和波长193纳米的ArF中的任意一种。优选地,所述的曝光光源是波长365纳米的I-line。
在步骤(8)中,所述的干法刻蚀是以氧气为主要刻蚀气体的等离子体干法刻蚀,其氧气流量为50~2000标准状态的立方厘米/分钟(SCCM),源射频功率为100~1500瓦,气体压力为20~2000毫托。
在步骤(10)中,所述的固化温度为200-500℃,固化时间为30-120分钟。优选地,所述的固化温度为400℃,固化时间为60分钟。
和现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:本发明解决了传统非感光性聚酰亚胺工艺中金属铝被显影腐蚀、非感光性聚酰亚胺的形貌差以及光刻胶残留等问题。较传统的非感光性聚酰亚胺工艺相比,本发明的特征之一是在非感光性聚酰亚胺的旋涂和烘烤之后、光刻胶的旋涂和烘烤之前,引入一层二氧化硅薄膜层,该二氧化硅薄膜层有三个作用:作用一是隔离非感光性聚酰亚胺和光刻胶,使两者不直接接触,可以防止因非感光性聚酰亚胺中的溶剂溶解光刻胶而发生的光刻胶残留问题;作用二是在光刻胶显影过程中,可以阻挡显影液对非感光性聚酰亚胺以及底部金属铝的腐蚀;作用三是可以作为干法刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺时的刻蚀掩膜层。本发明的另外一个特征是用干法刻蚀的方式代替传统的湿法显影方式来刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺,因为干法刻蚀具有各项异性的优点(即纵向刻蚀速率远大于横向刻蚀速率),因此可以获得较直的非感光性聚酰亚胺形貌,解决了传统工艺中因湿法显影的各向同性而产生的非常斜的非感光性聚酰亚胺形貌问题。
附图说明
图1是传统的非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作工艺流程图;
图2是采用传统工艺形成金属铝被显影液腐蚀的示意图;
图3是采用传统工艺形成很斜的非感光性聚酰亚胺形貌示意图;
图4是采用传统工艺造成光刻胶残留的示意图;
图5是本发明的非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作工艺流程图;
图6是本发明的非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作工艺流程剖面示意图;其中,图6(A)是本发明方法的步骤(1)完成后的示意图;图6(B)是本发明方法的步骤(2)完成后的示意图;图6(C)是本发明方法的步骤(3)完成后的示意图;图6(D)是本发明方法的步骤(4)完成后的示意图;图6(E)是本发明方 法的步骤(5)完成后的示意图;图6(F)是本发明方法的步骤(6)完成后的示意图;图6(G)是本发明方法的步骤(7)完成后的示意图;图6(H)是本发明方法的步骤(8)完成后的示意图;图6(I)是本发明方法的步骤(9)完成后的示意图。
图中附图标记说明如下:
1-基片,2-顶层金属连线,3-介质层钝化膜,4-非感光性聚酰亚胺,5-二氧化硅薄膜层,6-光刻胶。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
本发明公布了一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法,其工艺流程如图5和图6所示,具体包括以下步骤:
(1)如图6(A)所示,提供一需制作非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的基片1,且此基片1上的顶层金属连线2以及介质层钝化膜3的图形已经形成;其形成过程一般采用本领域常规方法在基片1上形成顶层金属连线2,然后沉积介质层钝化膜3,在顶层金属连线2的位置刻蚀介质层钝化膜3形成接触孔;介质层钝化膜3可以是氮化硅,二氧化硅,氮氧化硅或它们之间的任意组合物。根据工艺需求,所述的介质钝化膜图形也可不做,即直接在顶层金属连线2上进行如下步骤(2)。
(2)如图6(B)所示,非感光性聚酰亚胺4的旋涂、烘烤;所述的非感光性聚酰亚胺4旋涂、烘烤后的薄膜厚度为1-50um(微米),其烘烤温度为50-200℃,烘烤时间为30秒-5小时,优选的烘烤条件为130℃/5分钟;所述的非感光性聚酰亚胺4,是指其对G-line(436纳米),I-line(365纳米),KrF(248纳米)和ArF(193纳米)波长的任意一种光不具有光敏性。
(3)如图6(C)所示,采用低温氧化法生长二氧化硅薄膜层5;所述的低温氧化法包括等离子体化学气相淀积或光能化学气相淀积方法,其反应温度低于400℃,优选的是指一种高密度的等离子体化学气相淀积(HDP CVD),反应气体包括硅烷(SiH4),氧气(O2)和氩气(Ar),反应温度为80-150℃,气体压力为0.5-20毫托,射频功率为500-2000瓦,所述的二氧化硅薄膜层5的厚度为50-5000埃。
(4)如图6(D)所示,光刻胶6的旋涂、烘烤;所述的光刻胶6旋涂、烘烤后的薄膜厚度为0.5-10um;
(5)如图6(E)所示,曝光、显影获得光刻胶图形;所述的曝光光源波长可以是G-line(436纳米),I-line(365纳米),KrF(248纳米)和ArF(193纳米)中的任意一种;优选地曝光光源波长是I-line(365纳米)。
(6)如图6(F)所示,以光刻胶图形为刻蚀掩膜层,刻蚀二氧化硅薄膜层5形成图形;所述的刻蚀可以是本领域常规的干法刻蚀二氧化硅的方法,即以氟化碳类气体(CF4,CHF3,C4F8等)为主要刻蚀气体的等离子体干法刻蚀。
(7)如图6(G)所示,剥离去除光刻胶6;可以使用本领域常规的氧气等离子体灰化法(干法去胶)或有机溶剂剥离法(湿法去胶)。
(8)如图6(H)所示,以图形化的二氧化硅薄膜层5为刻蚀掩膜层,干法刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺4以形成图形;所述的干法刻蚀是以氧气为主要刻蚀气体的等离子体干法刻蚀,其氧气流量为50~2000标准状态的立方厘米/分钟(SCCM),源射频功率为100~1500瓦,气体压力为20~2000毫托。
(9)如图6(I)所示,用干法回刻的方法去除二氧化硅薄膜层5所述的干法回刻可以是本领域常规的干法刻蚀二氧化硅的方法,即以氟化碳类气体(CF4,CHF3,C4F8等)为主要刻蚀气体的等离子体干法刻蚀;
(10)固化后获得非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层。所述的固化温度为200-500 ℃,固化时间为30-120分钟,优选的固化条件为400℃/60分钟。
本发明在需要制作钝化层的基片上进行非感光性聚酰亚胺的旋涂和烘烤,采用低温的方法生长一层二氧化硅,在二氧化硅上进行光刻胶的旋涂和烘烤,曝光显影获得光刻胶图形,以光刻胶图形为掩膜层,刻蚀二氧化硅形成图形,剥离去除光刻胶,再以图形化的二氧化硅为掩膜层,干法刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺以形成图形,去除二氧化硅,最后经固化后获得非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层。较传统的非感光性聚酰亚胺工艺相比,本发明的特征之一是在非感光性聚酰亚胺的旋涂和烘烤之后、光刻胶的旋涂和烘烤之前,引入一层二氧化硅薄膜层,该二氧化硅薄膜层有三个作用:作用一是隔离非感光性聚酰亚胺和光刻胶,使两者不直接接触,可以防止因非感光性聚酰亚胺中的溶剂溶解光刻胶而发生的光刻胶残留问题;作用二是在光刻胶显影过程中,可以阻挡显影液对非感光性聚酰亚胺以及底部金属铝的腐蚀;作用三是可以作为干法刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺时的刻蚀掩膜层。本发明的另外一个特征是用干法刻蚀的方式代替传统的湿法显影方式来刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺,因为干法刻蚀具有各项异性的优点(即纵向刻蚀速率远大于横向刻蚀速率),因此可以获得较直的非感光性聚酰亚胺形貌,解决了传统工艺中因湿法显影的各向同性而产生的非常斜的非感光性聚酰亚胺形貌问题。

Claims (12)

1.一种非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的制作方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)提供一需制作非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层的基片;所述基片上的顶层金属连线已经形成,或者所述基片上的顶层金属连线以及介质层钝化膜的图形已经形成;
(2)在基片上进行非感光性聚酰亚胺的旋涂、烘烤;所述的非感光性聚酰亚胺是指其对波长436纳米的G-line,波长365纳米的I-line,波长248纳米的KrF和波长193纳米的ArF中的任意一种或多种光不具有光敏性;
(3)采用低温氧化法生长二氧化硅薄膜层;
(4)光刻胶的旋涂、烘烤;
(5)曝光及显影获得光刻胶图形;
(6)以光刻胶图形为刻蚀掩膜层,刻蚀二氧化硅薄膜层形成图形;
(7)剥离去除光刻胶;
(8)以图形化的二氧化硅薄膜层为刻蚀掩膜层,干法刻蚀非感光性聚酰亚胺以形成钝化层图形;
(9)用干法回刻的方法去除二氧化硅薄膜层;
(10)固化后获得非感光性聚酰亚胺钝化层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,所述的非感光性聚酰亚胺旋涂、烘烤后的薄膜厚度为1-50微米,其烘烤温度为50-200℃,烘烤时间为30秒-5小时。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(2)中,所述烘烤温度为130℃,烘烤时间为5分钟。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,所述的低温氧化法包括等离子体化学气相淀积或光能化学气相淀积方法,其反应温度低于400℃。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,所述的低温氧化法是指一种高密度的等离子体化学气相淀积,反应气体包括硅烷,氧气和氩气,反应温度为80-150℃,气体压力为0.5-20毫托,射频功率为500-2000瓦。
6.根据权利要求1或4或5所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(3)中,所述的二氧化硅薄膜层的厚度为50-5000埃。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(4)中,所述的光刻胶旋涂、烘烤后的厚度为0.5-10微米。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(5)中,所述的曝光光源是波长436纳米的G-line,波长365纳米的I-line,波长248纳米的KrF和波长193纳米的ArF中的任意一种。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(5)中,所述的曝光光源是波长365纳米的I-line。
10.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(8)中,所述的干法刻蚀是以氧气为主要刻蚀气体的等离子体干法刻蚀,其氧气流量为50~2000标准状态的立方厘米/分钟,源射频功率为100~1500瓦,气体压力为20~2000毫托。
11.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(10)中,所述的固化温度为200-500℃,固化时间为30-120分钟。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其特征在于,在步骤(10)中,所述的固化温度为400℃,固化时间为60分钟。
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