CN103125192A - Outdoor large-cherry soil test fertilizer application method - Google Patents
Outdoor large-cherry soil test fertilizer application method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An outdoor large-cherry soil test fertilizer application method comprises a step of soil nutrient detection, a step of fertilizer preparation amount calculation, and a step of fertilizer application, so the method reaches scientific and reasonable fertilizer application, and realizes the adjustment of measures according to local conditions, thereby the method has the advantages of no soil nutrient loss, imbalance, surface source pollution or soil acidification, proper fertilizer application, fruit quality improvement, no pollution, and no physiological diseases, and is especially suitable for the large-cherry fertilizer application.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention designs a kind of soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method, particularly a kind of large cherry soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method.
Background technology:
At present, China's agricultural fertilizer, the particularly fertilising of large cherry, most farmers is not understood the regulation of fertilizer requirement of soil nutrient status and large cherry, continue to use the habits fertilization pattern, apply fertilizer excessive, method is improper, cause loss of soil nutrient, unbalance, pollution of area source, soil acidification more and more heavier, part is the field pH of plantation large cherry 1.2 units that descended throughout the year; Use in a large number for a long time chemical fertilizer, bring a lot of insoluble problems to people, as: production declining 9.7%, physiological disease increase the weight of, biennial fruiting, fruit quality decline, groundwater contamination etc.
Summary of the invention:
It is proper that purpose of the present invention just is to provide a kind of fertilising, do not cause loss of soil nutrient, unbalance, pollution of area source, soil acidification, raising fruit quality, pollution-free, without the open country large cherry soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method in the full bearing period of physiological disease.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of large cherry soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1. soil nutrient detects:
1) sampling: cherry garden is checkerboard type and arranges and select 10-12 tree, avoid the limit, field, during sampling inside and outside the top fruit sprayer outer each 30-50 centimetre circumference get two points, sampling depth 0-30 centimetre, all sampled point soil samples are left and taken 1 kilogram of left and right sample by quartering after mixing;
2) detect: dry soil sample, reject stone and cross 2 mm sieve, enter detection, detect soil acidity or alkalinity, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, obtain test value; The test result of soil acidity or alkalinity, organic matter and available nitrogen is as the reference value of soil nutrient, in the computing formula of joining fertile amount not as parameter;
2. joining fertile amount calculates:
According to the result of test value, join the calculating of fertile amount, according to method of fertilization for target yield, the unit of target output is thousand g/acres, and the unit of the result of calculation of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is kilogram, and formula is calculated as follows:
Nitrogenous fertilizer: mu is executed urea amount=target output * 0.003/0.46/0.28;
Phosphate fertilizer: mu is executed superphosphate amount=(target output * 0.0006-A * soil available phosphorus test value) * 2.2/0.12/0.22, the span of A is 0-0.02, when soil available phosphorus test value＜50mg/kg, the value of A is 0, when soil available phosphorus test value 50-100mg/kg, the value of A is 0.01, and when soil available phosphorus test value＞100mg/kg, the value of A is 0.02;
Potash fertilizer: mu is executed potassium sulphate amount=(target output * 0.005-B * Soil Available potassium test value)/0.5/0.45, the span of B is 0-0.04, when Soil Available potassium test value＜120mg/kg, the value of B is 0, and when Soil Available potassium test value 120-250mg/kg, the value of B is 0.02, when Soil Available potassium test value is 250-320mg/kg, the value of B is 0.03, and when Soil Available potassium test value＞320mg/kg, the value of B is 0.04;
3. fertilising: according to the result of above calculating, apply fertilizer at twice after joining in proportion fertilizer.
Fertilising of the present invention comprises the following steps: 1. initial bloom stage, and take nitrogenous fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 60-80%, and phosphate fertilizer applies the 50-60% into the whole year, and potash fertilizer applies the 50-60% into the whole year; 2. (approximately 10 days) after fruit picking, take phosphorus potash fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 20-40%, and the phosphate fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%, and the potash fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%; Fertilization mode is for evenly to spread fertilizer over the fields in the tree dish, and draws gently hoe, and loam is mixed, and then waters.
The computing formula of target output of the present invention is, the average year output of target output=front 3 years * 120%.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
Owing to having adopted the soil nutrient detection, having joined fertile amount calculating, three steps of fertilising, the soil has been carried out balance fertilizing, thereby, do not cause loss of soil nutrient, unbalance, pollution of area source, soil acidification, apply fertilizer proper, utilization rate of fertilizer can improve 3-5%, improve fruit quality and output, large cherry output on average improves more than 10%, and free from environmental pollution, physiological disease alleviates.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1:
1, soil nutrient detects:
1) sampling: cherry garden is checkerboard type and arranges and select 10-12 tree, avoid the limit, field, during sampling inside and outside the top fruit sprayer outer each 30-50 centimetre circumference get two points, sampling depth 0-30 centimetre, all sampled point soil samples are left and taken 1 kilogram of left and right sample by quartering after mixing;
2) detect: dry soil sample, reject stone and cross 2 mm sieve, enter detection, detect soil acidity or alkalinity, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium; Soil acidity or alkalinity is measured and is used pH meter, organic mensuration uses potassium dichromate method, available nitrogen to measure utilization alkaline hydrolysis diffusion process, and available phosphorus is measured and used sodium bicarbonate to extract molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, available potassium is measured and is used acetic acid by extracting flare photometer, to obtain test value; The test result in sampling plot is that available phosphorus is 21mg/kg, and available potassium is 78mg/kg;
2, joining fertile amount calculates:
According to the result of test value, join the calculating of fertile amount, according to method of fertilization for target yield, the unit of target output is thousand g/acres, the target output in sampling plot is 870,000 g/acres, and the unit of the result of calculation of plot nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is kilogram, and formula is calculated as follows:
Nitrogenous fertilizer: mu is executed urea amount=target output * 0.003/0.46/0.28=870 * 0.003/0.46/0.28=20.3 kilogram;
Phosphate fertilizer: mu is executed superphosphate amount=(target output * 0.0006-A * soil available phosphorus test value) * 2.2/0.12/0.22=(870 * 0.0006-0 * 21) * 2.2/0.12/0.22=43.5 kilogram;
Potash fertilizer: mu is executed potassium sulphate amount=(target output * 0.005-B * Soil Available potassium test value)/0.5/0.45=(870 * 0.005-0 * 78)/0.5/0.45=19.3 kilogram;
3, fertilising: according to the result of above calculating, apply fertilizer at twice after joining in proportion fertilizer.Fertilising comprises the following steps: 1. initial bloom stage, and take nitrogenous fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 60-80%, and phosphate fertilizer applies the 50-60% into the whole year, and potash fertilizer applies the 50-60% into the whole year; 2. (approximately 10 days) after fruit picking, take phosphorus potash fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 20-40%, and the phosphate fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%, and the potash fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%; Fertilization mode is for evenly to spread fertilizer over the fields in the tree dish, and draws gently hoe, and loam is mixed, and then waters.
Embodiment 2:
1, soil nutrient detects:
1) sampling: cherry garden is checkerboard type and arranges and select 10-12 tree, avoid the limit, field, during sampling inside and outside the top fruit sprayer outer each 30-50 centimetre circumference get two points, sampling depth 0-30 centimetre, all sampled point soil samples are left and taken 1 kilogram of left and right sample by quartering after mixing;
2) detect: dry soil sample, reject stone and cross 2 mm sieve, enter detection, detect soil acidity or alkalinity, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium; Soil acidity or alkalinity is measured and is used pH meter, organic mensuration uses potassium dichromate method, available nitrogen to measure utilization alkaline hydrolysis diffusion process, and available phosphorus is measured and used sodium bicarbonate to extract molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, available potassium is measured and is used acetic acid by extracting flare photometer, to obtain test value; The test result in sampling plot is that available phosphorus is 50mg/kg, and available potassium is 103mg/kg;
2, joining fertile amount calculates:
According to the result of test value, join the calculating of fertile amount, according to method of fertilization for target yield, the unit of target output is thousand g/acres, the target output in sampling plot is 1,003 thousand g/acres, and the unit of the result of calculation of plot nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is kilogram, and formula is calculated as follows:
Nitrogenous fertilizer: mu is executed urea amount=target output * 0.003/0.46/0.28=1003 * 0.003/0.46/0.28=23.4 kilogram;
Phosphate fertilizer: mu is executed superphosphate amount=(target output * 0.0006-A * soil available phosphorus test value) * 2.2/0.12/0.22=(1003 * 0.0006-0.01 * 50) * 2.2/0.12/0.22=41.7 kilogram;
Potash fertilizer: mu is executed potassium sulphate amount=(target output * 0.005-B * Soil Available potassium test value)/0.5/0.45=(1003 * 0.005-0 * 103)/0.5/0.45=22.3 kilogram;
3, fertilising: according to the result of above calculating, apply fertilizer at twice after joining in proportion fertilizer.Fertilising comprises the following steps: 1. initial bloom stage, and take nitrogenous fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 60-80%, and phosphate fertilizer applies the 50-60% into the whole year, and potash fertilizer applies the 50-60% into the whole year; 2. (approximately 10 days) after fruit picking, take phosphorus potash fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 20-40%, and the phosphate fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%, and the potash fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%; Fertilization mode is for evenly to spread fertilizer over the fields in the tree dish, and draws gently hoe, and loam is mixed, and then waters.
Embodiment 3:
1, soil nutrient detects:
1) sampling: cherry garden is checkerboard type and arranges and select 10-12 tree, avoid the limit, field, during sampling inside and outside the top fruit sprayer outer each 30-50 centimetre circumference get two points, sampling depth 0-30 centimetre, all sampled point soil samples are left and taken 1 kilogram of left and right sample by quartering after mixing;
2) detect: dry soil sample, reject stone and cross 2 mm sieve, enter detection, detect soil acidity or alkalinity, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium; Soil acidity or alkalinity is measured and is used pH meter, organic mensuration uses potassium dichromate method, available nitrogen to measure utilization alkaline hydrolysis diffusion process, and available phosphorus is measured and used sodium bicarbonate to extract molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method, available potassium is measured and is used acetic acid by extracting flare photometer, to obtain test value; The test result in sampling plot is that available phosphorus is 78mg/kg, and available potassium is 180mg/kg;
2, joining fertile amount calculates:
According to the result of test value, join the calculating of fertile amount, according to method of fertilization for target yield, the unit of target output is thousand g/acres, the target output in sampling plot is 1,126 thousand g/acres, and the unit of the result of calculation of plot nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is kilogram, and formula is calculated as follows:
Nitrogenous fertilizer: mu is executed urea amount=target output * 0.003/0.46/0.28=1126 * 0.003/0.46/0.28=26.2 kilogram;
Phosphate fertilizer: mu is executed superphosphate amount=(target output * 0.0006-A * soil available phosphorus test value) * 2.2/0.12/0.22=(1126 * 0.0006-0.01 * 78) * 2.2/0.12/0.22=-8.7 kilogram; Result of calculation is negative value, and this sampling plot does not need to use phosphate fertilizer;
Potash fertilizer: mu is executed potassium sulphate amount=(target output * 0.005-B * Soil Available potassium test value)/0.5/0.45=(1126 * 0.005-0.02 * 180)/0.5/0.45=9.0 kilogram;
3, fertilising: according to the result of above calculating, apply fertilizer at twice after joining in proportion fertilizer.Fertilising comprises the following steps: 1. initial bloom stage, and take nitrogenous fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 60-80%, potash fertilizer applies the 50-60% into the whole year; 2. (approximately 10 days) after fruit picking, take potash fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 20-40%, the potash fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%; Fertilization mode is for evenly to spread fertilizer over the fields in the tree dish, and draws gently hoe, and loam is mixed, and then waters.
Claims (2)
1. large cherry soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method is characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
1. soil nutrient detects:
1) sampling: cherry garden is checkerboard type and arranges and select 10-12 tree, avoid the limit, field, during sampling inside and outside the tree crown outer each 30-50 centimetre circumference get two points, sampling depth 0-30 centimetre, all sampled point soil samples are left and taken 1 kilogram of left and right sample by quartering after mixing;
2) detect: dry soil sample, reject stone and cross 2 mm sieve, enter detection, detect soil acidity or alkalinity, organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, obtain test value;
2. joining fertile amount calculates:
According to the result of test value, join the calculating of fertile amount, according to method of fertilization for target yield, the unit of target output is thousand g/acres, and the unit of the result of calculation of nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is kilogram, and formula is calculated as follows:
Nitrogenous fertilizer: mu is executed urea amount=target output * 0.003/0.46/0.28;
Phosphate fertilizer: mu is executed superphosphate amount=(target output * 0.0006-A * soil available phosphorus test value) * 2.2/0.12/0.22, the span of A is 0-0.02, when soil available phosphorus test value＜50mg/kg, the value of A is 0, when soil available phosphorus test value 50-100mg/kg, the value of A is 0.01, and when soil available phosphorus test value＞100mg/kg, the value of A is 0.02;
Potash fertilizer: mu is executed potassium sulphate amount=(target output * 0.005-B * Soil Available potassium test value)/0.5/0.45, the span of B is 0-0.04, when Soil Available potassium test value＜120mg/kg, the value of B is 0, and when Soil Available potassium test value 120-250mg/kg, the value of B is 0.02, when Soil Available potassium test value is 250-320mg/kg, the value of B is 0.03, and when Soil Available potassium test value＞320mg/kg, the value of B is 0.04;
3. fertilising:
According to the result of above calculating, apply fertilizer at twice after joining in proportion fertilizer.
2. large cherry soil testing and fertilizer recommendation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described fertilising comprises the following steps:
1. initial bloom stage, nitrogen phosphorus potassium compounding application, nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount are annual 60-80%, and the phosphate fertilizer sowing amount be annual 50-60%, and the potash fertilizer sowing amount is the 50-60% of the whole year;
2. (approximately 10 days) after fruit picking, take phosphorus potash fertilizer as main, the nitrogenous fertilizer sowing amount is annual 20-40%, and the phosphate fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%, and the potash fertilizer sowing amount is annual 40-50%;
Fertilization mode is: evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the tree dish, and draw hoe gently, loam is mixed, then water.
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103288518A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-11 | 招远市农业技术推广中心 | Large cherry formula base fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN103543686A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-29 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Intelligent precision fertilizer applicator and control thereof |
| CN104782298A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-07-22 | 韦江南 | Method of formula fertilization of Chinese chestnut after soil testing |
| CN105794379A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 王芝 | Method of soil testing and fertilization of rape |
| CN106211896A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-12-14 | 北京顺通五丰农业科技有限公司 | The fertilizing method of meta-alkali soil large cherry good quality and high output |
| CN106717410A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-05-31 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Emperor XianFeng's white atractylodes rhizome dispensing fertilizing method |
| CN104956829B (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-06-13 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of apricot fertilizing method |
| CN107027489A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-11 | 甘肃亚盛田园牧歌草业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of alfalfa soil testing and formulated fertilization method |
| CN107251695A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-10-17 | 韦健 | A kind of oil tea soil testing and formulated fertilization method |
| CN113994842A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-02-01 | 北京东方力原生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for enabling large cherries to enter full bearing period in advance |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103288518A (en) * | 2013-06-08 | 2013-09-11 | 招远市农业技术推广中心 | Large cherry formula base fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN103543686A (en) * | 2013-09-30 | 2014-01-29 | 福建省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Intelligent precision fertilizer applicator and control thereof |
| CN104782298A (en) * | 2014-04-10 | 2015-07-22 | 韦江南 | Method of formula fertilization of Chinese chestnut after soil testing |
| CN105794379A (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-07-27 | 王芝 | Method of soil testing and fertilization of rape |
| CN104956829B (en) * | 2015-07-29 | 2017-06-13 | 北京林业大学 | A kind of apricot fertilizing method |
| CN106211896A (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2016-12-14 | 北京顺通五丰农业科技有限公司 | The fertilizing method of meta-alkali soil large cherry good quality and high output |
| CN107251695A (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2017-10-17 | 韦健 | A kind of oil tea soil testing and formulated fertilization method |
| CN106717410A (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2017-05-31 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Emperor XianFeng's white atractylodes rhizome dispensing fertilizing method |
| CN106717410B (en) * | 2016-11-26 | 2019-10-22 | 湖北省农业科学院中药材研究所 | Emperor XianFeng's white atractylodes rhizome dispensing fertilizing method |
| CN107027489A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-11 | 甘肃亚盛田园牧歌草业集团有限责任公司 | A kind of alfalfa soil testing and formulated fertilization method |
| CN113994842A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2022-02-01 | 北京东方力原生物科技有限公司 | Cultivation method for enabling large cherries to enter full bearing period in advance |
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