CN103111313A - 一种毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的制备方法,涉及一种BiOI/ZnO微球。将Bi(NO3)3和Zn(Ac)2溶于酒精中,再加入KI,搅拌,得淡黄色溶液,再倒入高压釜中,水热反应后,经洗涤,过滤,烘干,即得橙黄色的毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。以硝酸铋、KI和Zn(Ac)2为原料,在酒精中,用低温水热一步法,制备毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。与其它形貌相比,毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球是在BiOI/ZnO复合物微球的表面形成ZnO纳米棒阵列的毛刺,增加表面积,提高吸附性能。光催化活性显著提高。低温水热一步法,易于通过水热媒介、水热温度、水热时间控制,操作温度低,设备简单,成本低,无污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种BiOI/ZnO微球,尤其是涉及一种毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的制备方法。
背景技术
光催化反应是半导体材料在光的照射下,通过把光能转化为化学能,使化合物(有机物,无机物)通过氧化还原反应降解的过程。光催化无需投加添加剂、不产生副产物等的优点,成为环境及能源领域的研究热点。然而,实际应用中仍存在以下问题:光量子效率低,光谱响应范围窄。目前,研究开发成本低、效率高的光催化剂是一个重要发展方向。
目前,卤氧化铋BiOI是光催化研究的一个新方向,具有较高的可见光活性和应用潜力。但是,单一相的BiOI,光生电子空穴极易复合。为了提高光催化效率,很多研究开展对半导体进行耦合,形成异质结的复合结构,有效分离光生电子和空穴到催化剂的不同部位。
中国专利CN102500401A公开一种Ag/BiOI可见光催化剂及其制备方法,Ag在BiOI表面均匀分布,具有很高的可见光催化活性。中国专利CN102631936A公开一种BiOI复合材料及其制备方法和应用,BiOI掺杂贵金属材料(Pt、Ag)、AgI或多碳纳米管,该复合材料具有可见光反应活性,有效地去除水中的微生物、难降解的有机物和藻毒素。中国专利CN102188984A公开一种BiOCl/BiOI复合光催化剂,提高了载流子的输运过程,减小了光生电子空穴对的复合几率,提高了催化性能。
n型半导体ZnO与P型半导体BiOI耦合,形成P-N结能明显提高载流子的寿命,提高催化性能(Jiang J,Zhang X,Sun P,Zhang L.The Journal of Physical Chemistry C.2011;115:20555-64.)。然而,在异质结构中,一种材料负载在另一种材料上,对于负载量和均匀分布的控制相当重要,因为完全覆盖或者覆盖量很少都会降低催化剂的活性。因此,控制ZnO的负载的形貌与负载量,对于ZnO/BiOI复合物是一项有意义的工作。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的制备方法。
本发明的具体步骤为:
1)将Bi(NO3)3和Zn(Ac)2溶于酒精中,再加入KI,搅拌,得到淡黄色溶液;
2)将步骤1)得到的淡黄色溶液倒入高压釜中,水热反应后,经洗涤,过滤,烘干,即得到橙黄色的毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。
在步骤1)中,所述Bi(NO3)3∶Zn(Ac)2∶酒精∶KI=(0.1~1.0)g∶(0.2~10)g∶(25~300)mL∶(0.1~1.0)g,其中,Bi(NO3)3、Zn(Ac)2和KI以质量计算,酒精以体积计算。
在步骤2)中,所述水热反应的温度可为100~200℃,水热反应的时间可为12~36h;所述洗涤可采用蒸馏水洗涤。
本发明以硝酸铋、KI和Zn(Ac)2为原料,在酒精中,用低温水热一步法,制备了毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。与其它形貌相比,毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球是在BiOI/ZnO复合物微球的表面形成了ZnO纳米棒阵列的毛刺,增加表面积,提高了吸附性能,因此光催化活性显著提高。低温水热一步法,易于通过水热媒介、水热温度、水热时间控制,是一种简单易行的具有前景的制备高催化活性BiOI的方法。
本发明是一种以BiOI/ZnO复合物为核心,圆球的表面形成了一层ZnO纳米棒阵列的毛刺状。该微球由无机原料在酒精溶液中制得,操作温度低,设备简单,成本低,无污染。
附图说明
图1为毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的X射线衍射图谱。在图1中,横坐标为衍射角2θ(°),纵坐标为衍射强度Intensity(a.u);标记◆为ZnO,○为BiOI。
图2为毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的扫描电镜照片。在图2中,标尺为1μm。
图3为图2的放大示意图。在图3中,标尺为1μm。
具体实施方式
实施例1:
将0.1g Bi(NO3)3和0.2g Zn(Ac)2溶于25mL酒精中,待Bi(NO3)3完全溶解,加入0.2gKI,搅拌,得到淡黄色的溶液。将上述溶液倒入高压釜中,在100℃的温度下水热36h。反应结束后用蒸馏水洗涤产物,过滤,烘干,即得到橙黄的毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。
实施例2:
将0.5g Bi(NO3)3和2g Zn(Ac)2溶于100mL酒精中,待Bi(NO3)3完全溶解,加入0.5g KI,搅拌,得到淡黄色的溶液。将上述溶液倒入高压釜中,在130℃的温度下水热24h。反应结束后用蒸馏水洗涤产物,过滤,烘干,即得到橙黄的毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。
实施例3:
将0.5g Bi(NO3)3和3g Zn(Ac)2溶于150mL酒精中,待Bi(NO3)3完全溶解,加入1.0g KI,搅拌,得到淡黄色的溶液。将上述溶液倒入高压釜中,在160℃的温度下水热20h。反应结束后用蒸馏水洗涤产物,过滤,烘干,即得到橙黄的毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。
实施例4:
将1.0g Bi(NO3)3和10.0g Zn(Ac)2溶于300mL酒精中,待Bi(NO3)3完全溶解,加入0.5g KI,搅拌,得到淡黄色的溶液。将上述溶液倒入高压釜中,在200℃的温度下水热12h。反应结束后用蒸馏水洗涤产物,过滤,烘干,即得到橙黄的毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。
以下给出实施例所制备的毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球性能测试:
1.晶型
用X射线衍射分析测量不同实验条件下毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球情况。从图1中可以看出实施例1~3的产物能观察到属于BiOI及ZnO的特征峰。
2.表面形貌
图2和3显示了实施例1中不同倍数的扫描电镜(SEM)照片。
3.光催化活性
测试了实施例1~3条件下毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球对甲基橙溶液的可见光照射下的光催化活性。结果显示,该毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球具有较好的可见光催化性能。
Claims (4)
1.一种毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的制备方法,其特征在于具体步骤为:
1)将Bi(NO3)3和Zn(Ac)2溶于酒精中,再加入KI,搅拌,得到淡黄色溶液;
2)将步骤1)得到的淡黄色溶液倒入高压釜中,水热反应后,经洗涤,过滤,烘干,即得到橙黄色的毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球。
2.如权利要求1所述一种毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的制备方法,其特征在于在步骤1)中,所述Bi(NO3)3∶Zn(Ac)2∶酒精∶KI=(0.1~1.0)g∶(0.2~10)g∶(25~300)mL∶(0.1~1.0)g,其中,Bi(NO3)3、Zn(Ac)2和KI以质量计算,酒精以体积计算。
3.如权利要求1所述一种毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的制备方法,其特征在于在步骤2)中,所述水热反应的温度为100~200℃,水热反应的时间为12~36h。
4.如权利要求1所述一种毛刺状BiOI/ZnO微球的制备方法,其特征在于在步骤2)中,所述洗涤采用蒸馏水洗涤。
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CN106525942A (zh) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-03-22 | 济南大学 | 一种以时间为读取信号的光致电传感器的构建方法 |
CN106925306A (zh) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-07-07 | 湖州师范学院 | 二维超薄ZnO/BiOBr0.9I0.1杂化日光催化剂及其制备方法 |
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CN110075877A (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-08-02 | 东北大学 | 一种ZnO-BiOI复合光催化剂的制备方法 |
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CN106525942A (zh) * | 2016-10-09 | 2017-03-22 | 济南大学 | 一种以时间为读取信号的光致电传感器的构建方法 |
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CN108311162A (zh) * | 2018-02-06 | 2018-07-24 | 常州大学 | 一种ZnO/BiOI异质结光催化剂的制备方法及其应用 |
CN110075877A (zh) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-08-02 | 东北大学 | 一种ZnO-BiOI复合光催化剂的制备方法 |
CN110801837A (zh) * | 2019-11-13 | 2020-02-18 | 武汉纺织大学 | 银/氧化锌/碳中空复合光催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
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