CN103098694B - Cultivation method of zostera marina artificial sea turfs - Google Patents
Cultivation method of zostera marina artificial sea turfs Download PDFInfo
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- CN103098694B CN103098694B CN201310056695.0A CN201310056695A CN103098694B CN 103098694 B CN103098694 B CN 103098694B CN 201310056695 A CN201310056695 A CN 201310056695A CN 103098694 B CN103098694 B CN 103098694B
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- seedling
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
Abstract
Aiming at solving the existing problems that an existing repairing method of a zostera marina seagrass bed is low and a germination rate of seeds is low, the invention provides a cultivation method of zostera marina artificial sea turfs. Seed propagation is used in the cultivation process, existing seagrass bed resources do not need to be damaged, and a group genetic diversity of a repairing area is increased. A seedling grows in a 'seedling base' in an earlier stage, substrate particle size is small, nutrition is rich, rhizomes of the seedling grows fast, a survive rate of the seedling is high, adaptability to a transplant sea area is strong, and the cultivation method of the zostera marina artificial sea turfs is applicable to a new-built seagrass bed and overcomes the shortcoming that direct seed sowing is low in germination rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to ecological reestablishment and application, a kind of method that relates to cultivation of Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin and utilize Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin to carry out the reparation of sea grass bed.
Background technology
Sea grass (seagrass) is the higher plant that moves in the heavy water environment in ocean, has complete root, stem and leaf system.The region that sea grass large area is assembled growth can be described as sea grass bed.Sea grass bed is one of typical ocean ecosystem that productivity and bio-diversity are the highest, and its ecological value is far above mangrove forest and coral reef.Zostera marina is the Typical Representative of sea grass, and area is widely distributed in China Liaoning, Hebei, Shandong etc.Zostera marina forms vast group at the shallow water along the coast conventionally, is the important part of Marginal Sea Ecosystems.In recent years, due to the transition of natural environment and the impact of human factor, worldwide Zostera marina sea grass bed all among continuous decline, taking Along The Coast of Shandong Province as example, once Zostera marina sea grass bed in great numbers, the nowadays sparse patch shape that is, seldom assembles in flakes.
The decline of sea grass bed has caused the concern of Chinese scholars, and the recovery of sea grass bed is more and more subject to people's attention, and especially aspect Zostera marina sea grass bed restorative procedure, is obtaining many achievements.Sum up, the restorative procedure of Zostera marina sea grass bed mainly contains three kinds, i.e. habitat restoring method, the seed law, grafting.
Habitat restoring method refers to by protection, improves or simulation habitat, by the procreation naturally of sea grass, reaches the object of progressively recovering, and essence is naturally recovering of sea grass bed.Although this method does not need a large amount of human and material resources to drop into, recovery time is longer, is a process more slowly; The seed law is that the seed collecting is directly disseminated on the beach or is embedded in substrate, grass wrack seeds can be spread out over more uniformly to 1～2cm depths in substrate by special sower, sprout owing to there is no enough light sources in the buried substrate of seed, and easily drift about or taken food with water, the germination rate of seed is not significantly improved; Grafting refers to the sea grass skin or the ripe plant of individual plant that are migrated to piece from healthy sea grass bed, but this method produces and destroys original sea grass bed, collection, preservation, carrying and the plantation of transplanting unit all need a large amount of manpower and financial resources, and sea grass skin after transplanting is difficult to firm attachment and destroyed by seawater scouring.
Summary of the invention
Exist slowly and the low problem of germination rate of seed for solving the restorative procedure of existing Zostera marina sea grass bed, propose a kind of breeding method of Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin, it is realized by the following technical solutions:
A breeding method for Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin, comprises the steps:
The sprouting of A, seed, it is 15 sterilizing seawater that grass wrack seeds is placed in to salinity, temperature keeps cultivating after 10-14d under 15 DEG C, shading condition, takes out the seed of sprouting and be placed in the sterilizing seawater of salinity 25, under 15 DEG C, shading condition, cultivates 12-15d;
The cultivation of B, seedling, it is 30 sterilizing seawater that the seed germinateing in steps A is placed in to salinity, 15 DEG C, illumination 3000-4000lx, cultivates 7-10d;
The making of C, seedling base, this seedling base coated outside polymer fiber, liver moss mud or seabed mud in inner filling;
The cultivation of D, sea grass skin on the seedling base that the seedling that step B is cultivated plantation is made at step C, is cultivated 10-14d under 15 DEG C of temperature, illumination 5000-6000lx condition;
The transplanting of E, sea grass skin, transplanting the pit that excavates dark 3～3.5cm on the substrate of sea area, imbeds cultivated Zostera marina sea grass skin wherein.
Further, in described step C, seedling base is connected into seedling basal disc with grid hollow out pallet.
Further, in described C step, make the sterilizing sea water immersion that seedling base salinity is 30 for subsequent use.
Further, described seedling base entirety is cylindric, diameter 3-3.5cm, high 3.5-4cm.
Further, in described E step, seedling basal disc is fixed on substrate.
Compared with prior art, advantage of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
1, in cultivating process of the present invention, use seminal propagation, needn't destroy original sea grass bed resource, and increased the population genetic diversity of restoring area.Early seedling stage is grown in " seedling base ", and substrate granularity is little, nutritious, and the growth of seedling root-like stock is fast, and seedling percent is high, to transplanting sea area strong adaptability, is applicable to newly-built sea grass bed, has overcome the problem that seed germination rate is low of directly sowing.
2, the strenuous exercise of water body is the limiting factor of sea grass transplanting.In the present invention, the plant of seedling own is little, and stormy waves is little to its effect, adds the fixation of " seedling base " and pallet rivet, makes " sea grass skin " more firm in the combination of restoring area substrate, can wind wave resistance.
3, traditional restorative procedure needs underwater operation, expends a large amount of manpower and materials.The present invention need not diving operation, and " sea grass skin " of the present invention is implanted in to subtidal zone compared with shallow water territory, the new group forming can nature to deep-water developments.
The present invention has overcome the shortcoming of traditional Zostera marina sea grass bed recovering method to a certain extent, and this kind of restorative procedure can improve the cover degree of sea grass, increases sea grass bed surface long-pending, can improve the genetic diversity of original sea grass bed.
Read by reference to the accompanying drawings after the specific embodiment of the present invention, it is clearer that the other features and advantages of the invention will become.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows the process of growth of embodiment mono-seed germination to seedling;
Fig. 2 is seedling based structures schematic diagram described in embodiment mono-;
Fig. 3 is that embodiment mono-seedling is planted the state diagram on seedling base;
Fig. 4 is the series connection seedling base that embodiment dual-purpose grid hollow out pallet rises;
Fig. 5 is embodiment bis-Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin end views;
Fig. 6 is embodiment bis-Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin vertical views;
The design sketch that Fig. 7 transplants for the Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin that utilizes embodiment bis-and cultivate.
Embodiment
The present invention proposes a kind of method of utilizing grass wrack seeds to cultivate artificial sea grass skin, the Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin that utilizes the present invention to cultivate, can be used for transplanting in the sea area without Zostera marina primary community, rebuild new sea grass bed, the Zostera marina group that also can be close to degeneration transplants, and increases the area coverage of Zostera marina sea grass skin.Below in conjunction with embodiment, it is introduced in detail.
Embodiment mono-, referring to figs. 1 to Fig. 3, wherein A shown in Fig. 1 is that seed is in the sterilizing seawater of salinity 15, the state of cultivating 14d under 15 DEG C, shading condition, B is that germination seed is transferred in the sterilizing seawater of salinity 25, cultivates the state of 15d under 15 DEG C, shading condition, C is salinity 30 sterilizing seawater, 15 DEG C, illumination 3000lx, cultivates the seedling under 7d condition.
The present embodiment comprises the steps:
(1) configuration salinity 15, salinity 25, salinity 30 seawater
In seawater, slowly add distilled water and constantly stir, measuring seawater salinity with salinometer during this time, until salinity reaches 15,25,30, stopping adding distilled water;
The seawater of the salinity configuring 15, salinity 25, salinity 30 and normal salinity is contained respectively in triangular flask, with 121 DEG C of high-pressure sterilizing pots, sterilizing 15 minutes.The low temperature chamber that after sterilizing completes, triangular flask is placed in to 15 DEG C is for subsequent use.
(2) seed germination
Select the grass wrack seeds that stature is full, color is Dark grey, with above-mentioned normal salinity seawater flushing for several times, put into triangular flask, each triangular flask should not be placed too much seed, at the bottom of just tiling bottle, is advisable with seed.Under 15 DEG C of shading conditions, cultivate 14d, as shown in A in Fig. 1, the seed coat of grass wrack seeds cracking after 14d, endosperm opens, and exposes the bar-shaped cotyledon of " U " type.The grass wrack seeds of state as shown in A in Fig. 1 is placed in to the sterilizing seawater of salinity 25, under 15 DEG C, shading condition, cultivates 15d, now the state of grass wrack seeds is as shown in B in Fig. 1.
(3) cultivation of seedling
The grass wrack seeds of state shown in B in Fig. 1 is placed in to salinity 30 sterilizing seawater, and 15 DEG C, illumination 3000lx cultivates, and after 7d, grass wrack seeds develops into seedling.As shown in C in Fig. 1, now seedling development has the long spire of 1-2 sheet 1-1.5cm, 2 fibrous roots that 0.1-0.3cm is long.
(4) make seedling base
As shown in Figure 2, seedling base entirety is cylindric, coated outside polymer fiber, liver moss mud or seabed mud in inner filling.Diameter 3～3.5cm, high 3.5～4cm.The sterilizing sea water immersion that the seedling base salinity of making is 30 is for subsequent use.
(5) cultivation of sea grass skin
As shown in Figure 3, described step (3) cultured seedling is planted on seedling base step (4) Suo Shu, seedling plantation is excessively not dark, should expose spire, then under 15 DEG C of temperature, illumination 5000lx condition, cultivates 14d;
(6) transplanting of sea grass skin, transplanting the pit that excavates dark 3～3.5cm on the substrate of sea area, imbeds cultivated Zostera marina sea grass skin wherein.
Embodiment bis-, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment mono-is: in step described in the present embodiment (4), seedling base grid hollow out pallet is connected into seedling basal disc.Wherein the diameter of hollow out grid should be slightly less than " seedling base " diameter, so that fixedly secure.Particularly, the base of seedling shown in Fig. 3 is filled in to grid hollow part, can thoroughly do away with actual transplanting needs, the quantity of customization grid.Fig. 5 is the sea grass skin combining, then by sea grass skin " under 15 DEG C, illumination 5000lx condition, cultivate 14d, with reference to figure 6, seedling is in good condition, uses in order to transplanting.The effect photo that Fig. 7 transplants for the Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin that utilizes the present embodiment and cultivate.Transplanting the pit that excavates dark 3～3.5cm on sea area substrate, cultivated Zostera marina " sea grass skin " to be imbedded wherein, four jiaos, pallet is fixed with rivet.
Obtained the artificial sea grass skin of 50 strain Zostera marinas, the each 1m of length and width according to above-described embodiment, and (36 ° 03 ', 120 ° 19 ') carries out sea grass bed reparative experiment in Huiquan Bay of Qingdao coastal waters in August, 2011.The Zostera marina sea grass bed of Huiquan Bay of Qingdao offshore sea waters is spot shape and distributes, the artificial sea grass skin field planting that the present embodiment is obtained at two edges between 2m " patch ".Observe in September, 2012 and find, artificial sea grass skin grows fine, by original 1m
2expand to 4m
2, and be connected in flakes with adjacent spot shape sea grass bed, object is repaired in the expection reaching.
Embodiment tri-, is with the difference of above-described embodiment:
In step (2), with normal salinity seawater flushing seed for several times, after put into triangular flask, under 15 DEG C of shading conditions, cultivate in the sterilizing seawater that 10d is placed on salinity 25, under 15 DEG C, shading condition, cultivate 12d;
In step (3), grass wrack seeds is placed in to salinity 30 sterilizing seawater, 15 DEG C, illumination 4000lx cultivates, and after 10d, grass wrack seeds develops into seedling;
In step (5), under 15 DEG C of temperature, illumination 6000lx condition, cultivate 10d.
The present embodiment has overcome the shortcoming of traditional Zostera marina sea grass bed recovering method equally, and seedling development is good.
Embodiment tetra-, is with the difference of above-described embodiment:
In step (2), with normal salinity seawater flushing seed for several times, after put into triangular flask, under 15 DEG C of shading conditions, cultivate in the sterilizing seawater that 12d is placed on salinity 25, under 15 DEG C, shading condition, cultivate 12d;
In step (3), grass wrack seeds is placed in to salinity 30 sterilizing seawater, 15 DEG C, illumination 3500lx cultivates, and after 8d, grass wrack seeds develops into seedling;
In step (5), under 15 DEG C of temperature, illumination 5500lx condition, cultivate 12d.
The same seedling growth of the present embodiment is good, and root-like stock growth is fast, and seedling percent is high.
Finally it should be noted that: above embodiment only, in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these amendments or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (5)
1. a breeding method for Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
The sprouting of A, seed, it is 15 sterilizing seawater that grass wrack seeds is placed in to salinity, temperature keeps cultivating after 10-14d under 15 DEG C, shading condition, takes out the seed of sprouting and be placed in the sterilizing seawater of salinity 25, under 15 DEG C, shading condition, cultivates 12-15d;
The cultivation of B, seedling, it is 30 sterilizing seawater that the seed germinateing in steps A is placed in to salinity, 15 DEG C, illumination 3000-4000lx, cultivates 7-10d;
The making of C, seedling base, this seedling base coated outside polymer fiber, inner liver moss mud or the seabed mud of filling;
The cultivation of D, sea grass skin on the seedling base that the seedling that step B is cultivated plantation is made at step C, is cultivated 10-14d under 15 DEG C of temperature, illumination 5000-6000lx condition;
The transplanting of E, sea grass skin, transplanting the pit that excavates dark 3～3.5cm on the substrate of sea area, imbeds cultivated Zostera marina sea grass skin wherein.
2. the breeding method of Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step C, seedling base is connected into seedling basal disc with grid hollow out pallet.
3. the breeding method of Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: in described C step, make the sterilizing sea water immersion that seedling base salinity is 30 for subsequent use.
4. the breeding method of Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described seedling base entirety is cylindric, diameter 3-3.5cm, high 3.5-4cm.
5. the breeding method of Zostera marina artificial sea grass skin according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described E step, seedling basal disc is fixed on substrate.
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| CN104429218A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-03-25 | 中国海洋大学 | Natural sea-area sowing method of zostera marina seed |
| CN104126503B (en) * | 2013-09-22 | 2016-04-27 | 山东大学（威海） | The wild explant acquisition methods of a kind of Zostera marina |
| CN103609422B (en) * | 2013-11-14 | 2015-05-27 | 青岛农业大学 | Zostera marina seed multiplication method |
| CN104770285A (en) * | 2014-01-14 | 2015-07-15 | 中国海洋大学 | Zostera marina young seedling manual culture method |
| CN104351034B (en) * | 2014-11-17 | 2016-08-24 | 广东海洋大学 | A kind of happiness salt grass fingerlings artificial cultural method repaired for marine ecology |
| CN105494077B (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2018-02-13 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of eelgrass sows enrichment procedure |
| CN107318637A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-11-07 | 江苏长龙国际贸易有限公司 | A kind of restoration methods of shallow sea sea grass bed |
| CN108668832A (en) * | 2018-05-03 | 2018-10-19 | 中国海洋大学 | A kind of eelgrass rhizome substrate, preparation method and package transplantation method |
| CN111492966B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2022-02-11 | 海南热带海洋学院 | Seedling growing method for tylophora |
| CN116439120A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2023-07-18 | 中国海洋大学 | Artificial cultivation method and application of eel grass seedlings |
| CN117063746B (en) * | 2023-06-27 | 2024-02-09 | 烟台大学 | Method for repairing seaweed bed through ecological interface |
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