CN103081680B - Leaf cutting propagating method of river pool primulina tabacum hance - Google Patents
Leaf cutting propagating method of river pool primulina tabacum hance Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leaf cutting propagating method of river pool primulina tabacum hance. The leaf cutting propagating method of the river pool primulina tabacum hance includes the following steps of (1) selecting cutting time, (2) preparing cutting slips, (3) preparing cutting bed, (4) cutting, (5) managing after cutting, (6) transplanting the river pool primulina tabacum hance into pots. By means of the leaf cutting propagating method of the river pool primulina tabacum hance, rapid propagation of the river pool primulina tabacum hance is achieved, seedlings are rounding and normal in plant type, little difference between the seedlings and stock plants exists, and the quality of seedlings is good and identical. In addition, by means of the leaf cutting propagating method of the river pool primulina tabacum hance, annual production of the river pool primulina tabacum hance can be achieved, possibility is provided for commercial production of the river pool primulina tabacum hance and the cost of the commercial production of the river pool primulina tabacum hance is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant propagation field, the leaf that is specifically related to a kind of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum is inserted propagation method.
Background technology
Gesneriaceae comprises that approximately 150 belong to more than 3200 kinds, is extensively distributed in subtropical and tropical zones all over the world, and Some Species has been distributed to Temperate Region in China, and there are 56 genus in China, and more than 476 plant, and are one of Gesneriaceae distribution center.China's Gesneriaceae is distributed widely in areas to the south, the Changjiang river, and wherein Guangxi is one of distribution center of China's Gesneriaceae.Gesneriaceae has the good horticulture ornamentation shapes such as pattern flower type is abundant, leaf look blade profile is various, plant type is changeful, has set up abroad gloxinia genus (Sinningia), African violet and has belonged to the perfect potted flower commercialization production system that (Saintpaulia), awns hair lettuce tongue genus (Aeschynanthus), European lettuce tongue genus (Ramonda) etc. belong to.And China is long to the applicating history of Gesneriaceae medical value, current domestic Gesneriaceae research substantially stresses its scientific research and is worth, as aspects such as Floristic Plant Geography distribution, phyletic evolution, Plant Taxonomy, to the application of its practical value, be still that wild excavation is used as medicinal material, the aspect researchs such as ornamental value that such plant is had are very few.
Rivers and ponds primulina tabacum (Primulina hochiensis) is Gesneriaceae primulina tabacum platymiscium, is perennial herbelet.Ground paper matter when blade is dry, avette or ovum shape ellipse, tip subcircular or obtuse, base portion wedge shape or subcircular, both sides are slightly asymmetric, the nearly full edge in edge, the close white pubescence of volt that pasted in two sides; The white pubescence of the close quilt of petiole.Every inflorescence tool 1-4 flower, close by gland shape pubescence together with bract and anthocaulus; Bract 2, to life, wire lanceolar, green, close by the long pubescence of white; Calyx 5 splits several portions that reach; Sliver is narrow, and to drape over one's shoulders needle-like linear or bore shape, close by the long pubescence of white.Corolla purple, outside is by gland shape pubescence, and inner face is without hair; The thin funnel-form of tube; Upper lip 2 splits, and lower lip 3 splits, sliver Long Circle.Grow stamen 2; Flower pesticide is avette, and the back side is by white pubescence; Staminodium 2, without hair; Floral disc ring-type, ovary and style are close by glandular hairs and pubescence; Column cap ligule, tip nick.Capsule is linear, by gland shape pubescence.October at florescence, the expired 11-12 month.Produce Guangxi (rivers and ponds), be born on lime rock the about 600m of height above sea level.The rivers and ponds primulina tabacum small-sized plant of lotus throne that crawls, often bears stolon and forms plantlet, and the every strain energy of blade pumping goes out 1-5 and props up inflorescence, every inflorescence 1-4 flower, flower grey violet is to darkviolet, and the 9-10 month blooms, the florescence 30-35d of colony, for splendid hanging is seen leaf and is seen flowerpot flower and breeding material.
Rivers and ponds primulina tabacum is among the people in Guangxi is usually used in treating pulmonary tuberculosis and asthma, and production development mode is also original wild excavation, wild germplasm is destroyed greatly, and its good horticulture ornamentation shape does not obtain due Application and Development.
Summary of the invention
For the development scheme of existing rivers and ponds primulina tabacum, be mainly the problem that the wild excavation of original medicinal herb grower, horticulture ornamentation shape do not obtain enough attention, the present invention aims to provide the leaf of a kind of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum and inserts propagation method.
The leaf that the invention provides a kind of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum is inserted propagation method, comprises the steps:
1) select cutting time
Cutting time is spring and autumn, winter or summer;
2) cuttings is prepared
1 year above mature leaf without damage by disease and insect of clip normal growth is as cuttings;
3) cutting bed is prepared
Cutting medium sunlight exposure was paved with cuttage vessel after 24 hours, watered permeable rear stand-by as cutting bed;
4) cuttage
On cutting medium described in step 3), mark the groove of the dark 0.5-1cm more bigger than petiole, by step 2) in the cutting medium that enters by direction of growth oblique cutting of described cuttings, blade back and matrix are 60 ° of angles, and cuttings spacing approximates cutting length, and the complete spraying immediately of cuttage once;
5) after cuttage, manage
After cuttage, to every day during taking root, spray water 2-3 time, guarantee that air humidity is 75%-90%, after taking root, 1-2 days water sprays once, when generating more than 2 young leaves and leaf and grow up in 1.5cm, connect root by plant from cuttings and cut;
6) upper pot transplanting
By pot transplanting on the plant of cutting in step 5), water again afterwards once permeablely, after this carry out conventional cultivation management, rivers and ponds primulina tabacum belongs to the raw type of the dark and damp rock of partly growing nonparasitically upon another plant, happiness air humidity is large, and the later stage is noted shading during cultivation management, can not under direct sunlight environment, cultivate.
Wherein, described matrix is preferably the matrix of volume ratio perlite: the peat composed of rotten mosses=1:1.
Wherein, step 2) the preferred more than 1 year mature leaf without damage by disease and insect of normal growth in greenhouse of described cuttings.
Wherein, step 2) specification of described cuttings is preferably: the long 5-7cm of blade, the long 1-1.5cm of petiole.
Wherein, step 2) the clip time of described cuttings is the cuttage same day.
Wherein, to be preferably the seedling of 40cm * 40cm shallow for the cuttage vessel of step 3).
Wherein, marking the groove of dark 0.5-1cm described in step 4) on cutting medium described in step 3), is in order to facilitate cuttage and to prevent wound to cause secondary injury.
Wherein, after cuttage, manage described in step 5), be specially:
If carry out cuttage at spring and autumn, cutting bed is placed in to roof insulating, during cuttage, in roof insulating, maximum temperature is not higher than 35 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 15 ℃.After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,15:00 water spray, guarantee that the air humidity in roof insulating is 75%-90%, if humidity is lower than 75% in roof insulating, increase water spray number of times.After cuttage 35-40 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and within 1-2 days, spray water once, in order to avoid rotten.Within after taking root 35-45 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, new plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting;
If carry out cuttage in summer, without cutting bed is placed in to roof insulating, during cuttage, maximum temperature is not higher than 40 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 15 ℃.After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,14:00,16:00 water spray, guarantee that the shallow ambient air humidity of cuttage seeding is 75%-90%, if humidity, lower than 75%, increases water spray number of times.After cuttage 25-35 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and within 1-2 days, spray water once, in order to avoid rotten.Within after taking root 30-40 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, new plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting;
If carry out in the winter time cuttage, cutting bed should be placed in to roof insulating, during cuttage, in roof insulating, maximum temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 10 ℃.After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,15:00 water spray, guarantee that the air humidity in roof insulating is 75%-90%, if humidity is lower than 75% in roof insulating, increase water spray number of times.After cuttage 35-50 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and within 1-2 days, spray water once, in order to avoid rotten.Within after taking root 40-50 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, new plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting.
The present invention also provides the leaf of described rivers and ponds primulina tabacum to insert the application of propagation method in the breeding of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, by leaf of the present invention, insert propagation method, can realize the anniversary of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum and produce, for the commercialization of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum, produce possibility is provided.
2, by leaf of the present invention, insert propagation method, significantly expanding propagation coefficient, reduces rivers and ponds primulina tabacum commercialization production cost.
3, by leaf of the present invention, insert propagation method, the rivers and ponds primulina tabacum potted flower of producing is best in quality consistent.
Embodiment
Following examples are used for illustrating the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.The materials such as perlite used in embodiment, the peat composed of rotten mosses, seedling are shallow, flowerpot are all commercially available.
The leaf in embodiment 1 rivers and ponds of the present invention primulina tabacum summer is inserted propagation method
The leaf of the sharp calyx primulina tabacum carrying out according to the inventive method is inserted breeding, comprises the following steps:
1) cutting time, place
Cutting time is summer, and the concrete time is on September 6,15 days to 2011 June in 2011.Cuttage place is greenhouse, base, the national flowers little Tang of engineering center mountain.
2) cuttings is prepared
Clip in greenhouse the more than 1 year mature leaf without damage by disease and insect of normal growth as cuttings.Cuttings is from the rivers and ponds primulina tabacum of cultivating for many years in greenhouse, base, the national flowers little Tang of engineering center mountain.Cuttings specification is: the long 5-7cm of blade, the long 1-1.5cm of petiole.
3) cutting bed is prepared
Cuttage vessel is that the seedling of 40cm * 40cm is shallow, cleans up standby.Cutting medium is the matrix of volume ratio perlite: the peat composed of rotten mosses=1:1, after matrix sunlight exposure, uses, and cutting medium is paved with to seedling shallow, waters and treats that cuttage used after permeable.
4) cottage method
With waddy, on the cutting medium of step 2, mark the groove of the dark 0.5-1cm more bigger than petiole, facilitate cuttage and prevent wound to cause secondary injury.The blade oblique cutting of step 1 is entered in cutting medium, and blade back becomes 60 ° of angles with matrix.Guarantee certain cuttings spacing, cuttings spacing approximates cutting length.
After cuttage, spraying once.
5) after cuttage, manage
Owing to carrying out cuttage in summer, without by the shallow roof insulating that is placed in of seedling, during cuttage, maximum temperature is not higher than 40 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 15 ℃.After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,14:00,16:00 water spray, guarantee that the shallow ambient air humidity of cuttage seeding is 75%-90%, if humidity, lower than 75%, increases water spray number of times.After cuttage 25-35 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and within 1-2 days, spray water once, in order to avoid rotten.Within after taking root 30-40 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, new plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting.
6) basin in transplanting
Upper basin nutritive cube specification used is 8cm * 8cm, and purchased from Beijing seven firework grass seedling growth Co., Ltds, upper basin matrix is the volume ratio peat composed of rotten mosses: perlite=1:1.Matrix is watered permeable, waters once permeable after upper basin again.After this for carrying out conventional cultivation management, rivers and ponds primulina tabacum belongs to the raw type of the dark and damp rock of partly growing nonparasitically upon another plant, and happiness air humidity is large, and the later stage is noted shading during cultivation management, can not under direct sunlight environment, cultivate.
By the cottage method of the present embodiment, can realize the fast-propagation of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum, within 3-4 month, get final product seedling, bloom then; Seedling has the advantage such as consistent little with maternal plant difference, best in quality.
The leaf of embodiment 2 rivers and ponds of the present invention primulina tabacum spring and autumn is inserted propagation method
Cutting time is spring and autumn, and the concrete time is June 8 20 days to 2011 March of 2011 spring, November 30 17 days to 2011 September of 2011 autumn.Cuttage place is greenhouse, base, the national flowers little Tang of engineering center mountain.
Management after cuttage is: by the shallow roof insulating that is placed in of seedling, during cuttage, in roof insulating, maximum temperature is not higher than 35 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 15 ℃.After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,15:00 water spray, guarantee that the air humidity in roof insulating is 75%-90%, if humidity is lower than 75% in roof insulating, increase water spray number of times.After cuttage 35-40 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and within 1-2 days, spray water once, in order to avoid rotten.Within after taking root 35-45 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, new plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting.
Other cuttage steps are with embodiment 1.
By the cottage method of the present embodiment, can realize the fast-propagation of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum, within 3-4 month, get final product seedling, bloom then; Seedling has the advantage such as consistent little with maternal plant difference, best in quality.
The leaf in embodiment 3 rivers and ponds of the present invention primulina tabacum winter is inserted propagation method
Cutting time is winter, and the concrete time is on March 9,28 days to 2012 November in 2011.Cuttage place is greenhouse, base, the national flowers little Tang of engineering center mountain.
Management after cuttage is:
Carry out in the winter time cuttage, by the shallow roof insulating that is placed in of seedling, during cuttage, in roof insulating, maximum temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 10 ℃.After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,15:00 water spray, guarantee that the air humidity in roof insulating is 75%-90%, if humidity is lower than 75% in roof insulating, increase water spray number of times.After cuttage 35-50 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and within 1-2 days, spray water once, in order to avoid rotten.Within after taking root 40-50 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, new plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting.
Other cuttage steps are with embodiment 1.
By the cottage method of the present embodiment, can realize the fast-propagation of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum, within 4-5 month, get final product seedling, bloom then; Seedling has the advantage such as consistent little with maternal plant difference, best in quality.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention; it should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, do not departing under the prerequisite of the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the leaf of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum is inserted a propagation method, comprises the steps:
1) select cutting time
Cutting time is spring and autumn, winter or summer;
2) cuttings is prepared
1 year above mature leaf without damage by disease and insect of clip normal growth is as cuttings;
3) cutting bed is prepared
After cutting medium sunlight exposure, be paved with cuttage vessel, water permeable rear stand-by as cutting bed;
4) cuttage
On cutting medium described in step 3), mark the groove of the dark 0.5-1cm more bigger than petiole, by step 2) described cuttings enters in cutting medium by direction of growth oblique cutting, blade back and matrix are 60 ° of angles, and cuttings spacing approximates cutting length, and the complete spraying immediately of cuttage once;
5) after cuttage, manage
After cuttage, to every day during taking root, spray water 2-3 time, guarantee that air humidity is 75%-90%, after taking root, 1-2 days water sprays once, when generating more than 2 young leaves and leaf and grow up in 1.5cm, connect root by plant from cuttings and cut;
6) upper pot transplanting
By pot transplanting on the plant of cutting in step 5), water again afterwards once permeablely, after this carry out conventional cultivation management, the later stage is noted shading during cultivation management, can not under direct sunlight environment, cultivate;
Step 2) specification of described cuttings is: the long 5-7cm of blade, the long 1-1.5cm of petiole;
Step 2) the clip time of described cuttings is the cuttage same day;
The cuttage vessel of step 3) is that the seedling of 40cm * 40cm is shallow;
Described in step 5), after cuttage, manage, if carry out cuttage at spring and autumn, cutting bed should be placed in to roof insulating, during cuttage, in roof insulating, maximum temperature is not higher than 35 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 15 ℃; After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,15:00 water spray, guarantee that the air humidity in roof insulating is 75%-90%; After cuttage 35-40 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and 1-2 days water sprays once; Within after taking root 35-45 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting;
Described in step 5), after cuttage, manage, if carry out cuttage in summer, without cutting bed is placed in to roof insulating, during cuttage, maximum temperature is not higher than 40 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 15 ℃; After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,14:00,16:00 water spray, guarantee that the shallow ambient air humidity of cuttage seeding is 75%-90%; After cuttage 25-35 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and 1-2 days water sprays once; Within after taking root 30-40 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, new plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting;
Described in step 5), after cuttage, manage, if carry out in the winter time cuttage, cutting bed should be placed in to roof insulating, during cuttage, in roof insulating, maximum temperature is not higher than 30 ℃ in the daytime, and night, minimum temperature was not less than 10 ℃; After cuttage to during taking root every day 10:00,15:00 water spray, guarantee that the air humidity in roof insulating is 75%-90%; After cuttage 35-50 days start to generate adventive root, reduce water spray number of times after taking root, and 1-2 days water sprays once; Within after taking root 40-50 days, start to generate indefinite bud, when sprouting generates more than 2, when young leaves and leaf are grown up in 1.5cm, new plant is connected to root from cuttings and cut, upper pot transplanting;
Described matrix is the matrix of volume ratio perlite: the peat composed of rotten mosses=1:1.
2. the leaf of rivers and ponds claimed in claim 1 primulina tabacum is inserted the application of propagation method in the breeding of rivers and ponds primulina tabacum.
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