CN103053397B

CN103053397B - Micro-potato production method by mist culture method

Info

Publication number: CN103053397B
Application number: CN201310000448.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢启贵; 王凤蓉; 徐彦军; 刘芳; 卢鸿
Original assignee: SHUICHENG DASHAN SEED INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Current assignee: SHUICHENG DASHAN SEED INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-01-04
Filing date: 2013-01-04
Publication date: 2014-03-26
Anticipated expiration: 2033-01-04
Also published as: CN103053397A

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-potato production method by a mist culture method. By the micro-potato production method, micro-potatoes are cultured by the aid of mist spraying technique, the whole culture process is divided into a growth phase, an induction phase and a tuberization phase by combining growth characteristics of micro-tubers, and three different nutrient solutions including growth phase nutrient solution, induction phase nutrient solution and tuberization phase nutrient solution are used, so that better growth of the micro-potatoes is promoted. The micro-potato production method has the advantages that micro-potato growth period is shortened, the tuberization quantity is increased, and single micro-potato weight is increased.

Description

A kind of mist training method is produced the method for micro potato

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant growth regulator, specifically a kind of mist training method is produced the method for micro potato.

Background technology

At present, the production of micro potato mainly contains four kinds of methods: the one, there is soil cultivation, and potato is directly planted in soil; The 2nd, soilless substyate culture, combines soilless culture with Biotechnology in Potato, produce fast toxicity micro potato, and current what generally adopt is to take the Soilless Culture Methods that the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite etc. are matrix; The 3rd, test tube method, by changing the formula of medium, induction test-tube plantlet is born many little aerial tubers; The 4th, mist training method, is sprayed on by the nutrient solution timely and appropriate discovery that is applicable to different times growth the potato plant rhizosphere remaining under dark condition exactly, makes potato obtain sufficient nutrition, promotes the growth of potato tubers.Research thinks, has soil cultivation easy infection, and the micro potato simultaneously produced is of poor quality, yield poorly, the time is long; Soilless substyate culture is mainly that low, the single tuber quality of reproduction coefficient is light, the production time is longer; The test tube method production cycle is longer, and limiting factor is many, cannot large-scale production, be only applicable to some special items; Utilize mist training method to cultivate and can shorten the production cycle, every physical signs, the output of potato can significantly increase simultaneously.

Trace element has vital effect to the formation of the growth of micro potato plant and stem tuber, micro potato different growing stage is also different to the demand of nutritive element simultaneously, there be limited evidence currently of has the research report of this two aspect, the many kinds of spray painting liquid nutrient solution prescriptions of having delivered are all similar, be mostly take MS nutrient solution as basis, difference maximum be the ratio of N in nutrient solution, P, K and the nutrition form of nitrogen.This formula Design be exactly for the nutritional need of the different vegetative stages of potato and trace element add with and the research of formula, concentration draw, result shows: can make nutrient solution be fully utilized, can reduce cost again, also can improve widely output and the quality of micro potato.

Summary of the invention

The object of this invention is to provide a kind of mist training method and produce the method for micro potato, to reach the production cost that reduces micro potato, improve the object of its quantity and quality.

Realizing technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of mist training method is produced the method for micro potato, the method is the growth characteristic in conjunction with micro potato, whole incubation is divided into vegetative stage, induction period, knot potato stage three phases, in each stage, adds respectively corresponding nutrient solution;

(1) vegetative stage: add vegetative stage nutrient solution, add the various trace elements that can promote plant normal growth in culture fluid, concrete proportioning and concentration are in Table 1:

Table 1. vegetative stage culture fluid proportioning

Sequence number	Reagent	mg/L
			1	Calcium chloride	0.43
2	Ammonium molybdate	0.44
			3	Boric acid	2.29
4	Iron sulfate	20.86
			5	Potassium iodide	1.16
6	Sodium molybdate	1.40
			7	Copper sulphate	1.31
8	Manganese sulphate	2.60
			9	Borax	2.86
10	Zinc sulphate	1.06
			11	Potassium nitrate	491.43
12	Nitrate of lime	1668.57
			13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	697.14
14	Ammonium nitrate	404.00
			15	Magnesium phosphate	635.43

(2) induction period: add induction period nutrient solution, add in culture fluid and can induce plant to produce the various trace elements of stolon as much as possible, concrete nutrient solution prescription is in Table 2:

Table 2. induction period culture fluid formula

Sequence number	Reagent	mg/L
			1	Calcium chloride	0.29
2	Ammonium molybdate	0.23
			3	Boric acid	1.43
4	Iron sulfate	14.00
			5	Potassium iodide	0.53
6	Sodium molybdate	0.83
			7	Copper sulphate	0.69
8	Manganese sulphate	1.83
			9	Borax	2.00
10	Zinc sulphate	0.57
			11	Potassium nitrate	171.43
12	Nitrate of lime	1000.00
			13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	291.43
14	Ammonium nitrate	404.00
			15	Magnesium phosphate	197.14

(3) the knot potato stage: add knot potato Stage Nutrition liquid, add the various trace elements that can promote to tie potato Fast Growth in culture fluid, concrete nutrient solution prescription is in Table 2:

Table 3. knot potato stage culture fluid formula

Sequence number	Reagent	mg/L
			1	Calcium chloride	0.37
2	Ammonium molybdate	0.35
			3	Boric acid	1.71
4	Iron sulfate	16.00
			5	Potassium iodide	0.85
6	Sodium molybdate	0.99
			7	Copper sulphate	1.04
8	Manganese sulphate	2.24
			9	Borax	2.29
10	Zinc sulphate	0.77
			11	Potassium nitrate	342.86
12	Nitrate of lime	937.14
			13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	542.86
14	Ammonium nitrate	354.29
			15	Magnesium phosphate	560.00

The electrical conductivity of the culture fluid of above-mentioned vegetative stage (EC, Electrical Conductivity) value (hereinafter referred to as EC value) is 1.8mS/cm, and pH value is 5～6.

The EC value of the culture fluid of above-mentioned induction period is 1.0～1.2mS/cm, and pH value should remain on 5.2～5.6.

The EC value of the culture fluid of above-mentioned vegetative stage is 1.5mS/cm, and pH is to remaining on 5.5-5.8.

Method of the present invention is also different to the demand of nutritive element for micro potato different growing stage, at the trace element that adds its demand of the different vegetative stages of potato.The nutrient solution that vegetative stage adds has the plant of promotion normal growth, builds the organs such as full root, stem, leaf; The nutrient solution that induction period adds has induction plant and produces stolon as much as possible; The nutrient solution that the knot potato stage adds can promote to tie potato Fast Growth.Adopt method of the present invention to shorten vegetative period, improve knot potato quantity and improve single micro potato weight; Can also make nutrient solution be fully utilized, reduce cost simultaneously.

Embodiment

With No. 5 kind plantations of cattle in Guizhou province taro, set forth as an example.

Embodiment 1

One, vegetative stage

Press table 1 design culture fluid, concrete consumption is in Table 4.Spraying is designed to 400 seconds time intervals, and spray time is 30 seconds, and whole process is 3～4 time-of-weeks after transplanting.The sign that this stage finishes is that acrial part height reaches 30 centimetres, and cauline leaf can cover the panel in seedbed, and in seedbed, the root of most of plant has extended and touched base plate.

Table 4. vegetative stage nutrient solution is specifically prepared burden

Sequence number	Reagent	Unit	Consumption
				1	Potassium iodide	Gram	0.43
2	Boric acid	Gram	0.44
				3	Iron sulfate	Gram	2.29
4	Sodium molybdate	Gram	20.86
				5	Calcium chloride	Gram	1.16
6	Copper sulphate	Gram	1.40
				7	Manganese sulphate	Gram	1.31
8	Borax	Gram	2.60
				9	Zinc sulphate	Gram	2.86
10	Ammonium molybdate	Gram	1.06
				11	Potassium nitrate	Kilogram	0.49
12	Nitrate of lime	Kilogram	1.67
				13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	Kilogram	0.70
14	Ammonium nitrate	Kilogram	0.40
				15	Magnesium phosphate	Kilogram	0.64
16	Water	Kilogram	1000
				17	PH value		5
18	EC value	?	1.8

Two, induction period

Press table 2 design culture fluid, concrete consumption is in Table 5.Spraying is designed to 400 seconds time intervals, and spray time is 30 seconds.The induction period time is 10 days.The main purpose in this stage is to promote that plant induction produces stolon as much as possible.Be mainly manifested in before stolon quantity is induced and have remarkable increase, and started to tie potato between most of stipes, indivedual larger stem tuber weight has reached 1.0～2.0 grams.

Table 5. induction period culture fluid is specifically prepared burden

Sequence number	Reagent	Unit	Consumption
				1	Potassium iodide	Gram	0.29
2	Boric acid	Gram	0.23
				3	Iron sulfate	Gram	1.43
4	Sodium molybdate	Gram	14.00
				5	Calcium chloride	Gram	0.53
6	Copper sulphate	Gram	0.83
				7	Manganese sulphate	Gram	0.69
8	Borax	Gram	1.83
				9	Zinc sulphate	Gram	2.00
10	Ammonium molybdate	Gram	0.57
				11	Potassium nitrate	Kilogram	0.17
12	Nitrate of lime	Kilogram	1.00
				13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	Kilogram	0.29
14	Ammonium nitrate	Kilogram	0.40
				15	Magnesium phosphate	Kilogram	0.20
16	Water	Kilogram	1000
				17	PH value	?	5.4
18	EC value	?	1.1

Three, the knot potato stage

The knot potato stage is that stolon induction period finishes until produces ends, is 12 weeks, by table 3, designs culture fluid, and specifically consumption is in Table 6.Spraying is designed to 300 seconds time intervals, and spray time is 30 seconds.Along with the prolongation of breeding time, the color of root system can be deepened gradually by the white starting, and is normal phenomenon.While observing bud, should extract in time.In this stage, when reaching results standard, stem tuber weight can gather in the crops at any time, within general 1 to 2 day, results once (specifically should be according to results standard, weight more the large-spacing time longer), during results, staff operates after both hands should being cleaned up or wear latex sterile gloves again, the all containers that hold micro potato must be with 0.1% Babysafe solution disinfection, and warehouse also will be with 0.1% Babysafe solution disinfection, to guarantee to preserve safety before storage potato seed.

Plant starts agingly gradually in this stage, should note observing the variation of plant bottom cauline leaf, if it is withered and yellow to find that lower blade starts, establishment officer removes and clean out booth with scissors in time, in case uppermost leaf sheet rots to grow disease on the panel of seedbed; In addition, the axillalry bud on plant top can often become the raw potato of gas, should once (remove together with withered and yellow blade) in 2-3 week periodic cleaning, to prevent from too much consuming photosynthetic product.

Table 6. knot potato stage culture fluid batching

Sequence number	Reagent	Unit	Consumption
				1	Potassium iodide	Gram	0.37
2	Boric acid	Gram	0.35
				3	Iron sulfate	Gram	1.71
4	Sodium molybdate	Gram	16.00
				5	Calcium chloride	Gram	0.85
6	Copper sulphate	Gram	0.99
				7	Manganese sulphate	Gram	1.04
8	Borax	Gram	2.24
				9	Zinc sulphate	Gram	2.29
10	Ammonium molybdate	Gram	0.77
				11	Potassium nitrate	Kilogram	0.34
12	Nitrate of lime	Kilogram	0.94
				13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	Kilogram	0.54
14	Ammonium nitrate	Kilogram	0.35
				15	Magnesium phosphate	Kilogram	0.56
16	Water	Kilogram	1000
				17	PH value	?	5.6
18	EC value	?	1.5

Embodiment 2

One, the difference of the measure of vegetative stage and embodiment 1 is that pH value is 5.

Two, the difference of the measure of induction period and embodiment 1 is that the induction period time is 11 days, and pH value is that 5.6, EC value is 1.0mS/cm.

Three, the knot measure in potato stage and the difference of embodiment 1 are that pH value is 5.8.

Embodiment 3

One, the difference of the measure of vegetative stage and embodiment 1 is that pH value is 6.

Two, the difference of the measure of induction period and embodiment 1 is that the induction period time is 9 days, and pH value is that 5.2, EC value is 1.2mS/cm.

Three, the knot measure in potato stage and the difference of embodiment 1 are that pH value is 5.5.

Claims

1. a mist training method is produced the method for micro potato, it is characterized in that the method is in conjunction with the growth characteristic of micro potato, whole incubation is divided into vegetative stage, induction period, knot potato stage three phases, in each stage, adds respectively corresponding nutrient solution;

Table 1. vegetative stage ratio of nutrient solution

Table 2. induction period ratio of nutrient solution

(3) the knot potato stage: add knot potato Stage Nutrition liquid, add the various trace elements that can promote to tie potato Fast Growth in culture fluid, concrete nutrient solution prescription is in Table 3:

Table 3. knot potato Stage Nutrition liquid proportioning

。

2. mist training method according to claim 1 is produced the method for micro potato, it is characterized in that the nutrient solution EC value of vegetative stage is 1.8mS/cm, and pH value is 5～6.

3. mist training method according to claim 1 is produced the method for micro potato, and the EC value that it is characterized in that induction period nutrient solution is 1.0～1.2mS/cm, and pH value is 5.2～5.6.

4. mist training method according to claim 1 is produced the method for micro potato, it is characterized in that tying potato Stage Nutrition liquid EC value for 1.5mS/cm, and pH value is 5.5～5.8.