CN103053397A

CN103053397A - Micro-potato production method by mist culture method

Info

Publication number: CN103053397A
Application number: CN2013100004489A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 卢启贵; 王凤蓉; 徐彦军; 刘芳; 卢鸿
Original assignee: SHUICHENG DASHAN SEED INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Current assignee: SHUICHENG DASHAN SEED INDUSTRY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2013-01-04
Filing date: 2013-01-04
Publication date: 2013-04-24
Anticipated expiration: 2033-01-04
Also published as: CN103053397B

Abstract

The invention discloses a micro-potato production method by a mist culture method. By the micro-potato production method, micro-potatoes are cultured by the aid of mist spraying technique, the whole culture process is divided into a growth phase, an induction phase and a tuberization phase by combining growth characteristics of micro-tubers, and three different nutrient solutions including growth phase nutrient solution, induction phase nutrient solution and tuberization phase nutrient solution are used, so that better growth of the micro-potatoes is promoted. The micro-potato production method has the advantages that micro-potato growth period is shortened, the tuberization quantity is increased, and single micro-potato weight is increased.

Description

A kind of mist training method is produced the method for micro potato

Technical field

The present invention relates to plant growth regulator, specifically a kind of mist training method is produced the method for micro potato.

Background technology

At present, the production of micro potato mainly contains four kinds of methods: the one, the soil cultivation is arranged, and directly be planted in potato in the soil; The 2nd, soilless substyate culture combines soilless culture with Biotechnology in Potato, produce fast toxicity micro potato, and current what generally adopt is Soilless Culture Methods take the peat composed of rotten mosses, vermiculite etc. as matrix; The 3rd, test tube method by changing the prescription of medium, induces test-tube plantlet to bear many little aerial tubers; The 4th, mist training method, the nutrient solution timely and appropriate discovery that will be applicable to exactly the different times growth is sprayed on the potato plant rhizosphere that remains under the dark condition, makes potato obtain sufficient nutrition, promotes the growth of potato tubers.Research thinks, soil cultivation easy infection is arranged, and the micro potato of producing simultaneously is of poor quality, yield poorly, the time is long; Soilless substyate culture mainly is that low, the single tuber quality of reproduction coefficient is light, the production time is longer; The test tube method production cycle is longer, and limiting factor is many, can't large-scale production, be only applicable to some special items; Utilize mist training method to cultivate and can shorten the production cycle, every physical signs, the output of potato can both significantly increase simultaneously.

Trace element has vital effect to the growth of micro potato plant and the formation of stem tuber, the micro potato different growing stage is also different to the demand of nutritive element simultaneously, there be limited evidence currently of has the research report of this two aspect, the many kinds of spray painting liquid nutrient solution prescriptions of having delivered are all similar, mostly be take the MS nutrient solution as the basis, the difference maximum be the ratio of N in the nutrient solution, P, K and the nutrition form of nitrogen.This formula Design be exactly for the nutritional need of the different vegetative stages of potato and trace element add with and the research of prescription, concentration draw, the result shows: nutrient solution is fully utilized, again can Cost reduction, also can improve widely output and the quality of micro potato.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of mist training method and produce the method for micro potato, to reach the production cost that reduces micro potato, improve the purpose of its quantity and quality.

Realize that technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of mist training method is produced the method for micro potato, the method is the growth characteristic in conjunction with micro potato, whole incubation is divided into vegetative stage, induction period, knot potato stage three phases, adds respectively corresponding nutrient solution in each stage;

(1) vegetative stage: add the vegetative stage nutrient solution, namely add the various trace elements that can promote the plant normal growth in culture fluid, concrete proportioning and concentration see Table 1:

Table 1. vegetative stage culture fluid proportioning

Sequence number	Reagent	mg/L
			1	Calcium chloride	0.43
2	Ammonium molybdate	0.44
			3	Boric acid	2.29
4	Iron sulfate	20.86
			5	Potassium iodide	1.16
6	Sodium molybdate	1.40
			7	Copper sulphate	1.31
8	Manganese sulphate	2.60
			9	Borax	2.86
10	Zinc sulphate	1.06
			11	Potassium nitrate	491.43
12	Nitrate of lime	1668.57
			13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	697.14
14	Ammonium nitrate	404.00
			15	Magnesium phosphate	635.43

(2) induction period: add the induction period nutrient solution, namely add in culture fluid and can induce plant to produce the various trace elements of stolon as much as possible, concrete nutrient solution prescription sees Table 2:

Table 2. induction period culture fluid prescription

Sequence number	Reagent	mg/L
			1	Calcium chloride	0.29
2	Ammonium molybdate	0.23
			3	Boric acid	1.43
4	Iron sulfate	14.00
			5	Potassium iodide	0.53
6	Sodium molybdate	0.83
			7	Copper sulphate	0.69
8	Manganese sulphate	1.83
			9	Borax	2.00
10	Zinc sulphate	0.57
			11	Potassium nitrate	171.43
12	Nitrate of lime	1000.00
			13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	291.43
14	Ammonium nitrate	404.00
			15	Magnesium phosphate	197.14

(3) the knot potato stage: add knot potato Stage Nutrition liquid, namely add the various trace elements that can promote to tie the potato Fast Growth in culture fluid, concrete nutrient solution prescription sees Table 2:

Table 3. knot potato stage culture fluid prescription

Sequence number	Reagent	mg/L
			1	Calcium chloride	0.37
2	Ammonium molybdate	0.35
			3	Boric acid	1.71
4	Iron sulfate	16.00
			5	Potassium iodide	0.85
6	Sodium molybdate	0.99
			7	Copper sulphate	1.04
8	Manganese sulphate	2.24
			9	Borax	2.29
10	Zinc sulphate	0.77
			11	Potassium nitrate	342.86
12	Nitrate of lime	937.14
			13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	542.86
14	Ammonium nitrate	354.29
			15	Magnesium phosphate	560.00

The electrical conductivity of the culture fluid of above-mentioned vegetative stage (EC, Electrical Conductivity) value (hereinafter referred to as the EC value) is 1.8mS/cm, and the pH value is 5～6.

The EC value of the culture fluid of above-mentioned induction period is 1.0～1.2mS/cm, and the pH value should remain on 5.2～5.6.

The EC value of the culture fluid of above-mentioned vegetative stage is 1.5mS/cm, and pH is to remaining on 5.5-5.8.

Method of the present invention is also different to the demand of nutritive element for the micro potato different growing stage, at the trace element of its demand of adding of the different vegetative stages of potato.The nutrient solution that vegetative stage adds has the plant of promotion normal growth, builds the organs such as full root, stem, leaf; The nutrient solution that induction period adds has the plant of inducing and produces stolon as much as possible; The nutrient solution that the knot potato stage adds can promote to tie the potato Fast Growth.Adopt method of the present invention to shorten vegetative period, improve knot potato quantity and improve single micro potato weight; Nutrient solution is fully utilized, simultaneously Cost reduction.

Embodiment

Set forth as an example with No. 5 kind plantations of cattle in Guizhou province taro.

Embodiment 1

One, vegetative stage

Press table 1 design culture fluid, concrete consumption sees Table 4.Spraying is designed to 400 seconds time intervals, and spray time is 30 seconds, and whole process is 3～4 time-of-weeks after transplanting.The sign that this finishes in stage is that the acrial part height reaches 30 centimetres, and cauline leaf can cover the panel in seedbed, and the root of most of plant has extended and touches base plate in the seedbed.

Table 4. vegetative stage nutrient solution is specifically prepared burden

Sequence number	Reagent	Unit	Consumption
				1	Potassium iodide	Gram	0.43
2	Boric acid	Gram	0.44
				3	Iron sulfate	Gram	2.29
4	Sodium molybdate	Gram	20.86
				5	Calcium chloride	Gram	1.16
6	Copper sulphate	Gram	1.40
				7	Manganese sulphate	Gram	1.31
8	Borax	Gram	2.60
				9	Zinc sulphate	Gram	2.86
10	Ammonium molybdate	Gram	1.06
				11	Potassium nitrate	Kilogram	0.49
12	Nitrate of lime	Kilogram	1.67
				13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	Kilogram	0.70
14	Ammonium nitrate	Kilogram	0.40
				15	Magnesium phosphate	Kilogram	0.64
16	Water	Kilogram	1000
				17	The pH value		5
18	The EC value	?	1.8

Two, induction period

Press table 2 design culture fluid, concrete consumption sees Table 5.Spraying is designed to 400 seconds time intervals, and spray time is 30 seconds.The induction period time is 10 days.The main purpose in this stage is to promote that plant induction produces stolon as much as possible.Being mainly manifested in has remarkable increase before stolon quantity is induced, and has begun to tie potato between most of stipes, and indivedual larger stem tuber weight have reached 1.0～2.0 grams.

Table 5. induction period culture fluid is specifically prepared burden

Sequence number	Reagent	Unit	Consumption
				1	Potassium iodide	Gram	0.29
2	Boric acid	Gram	0.23
				3	Iron sulfate	Gram	1.43
4	Sodium molybdate	Gram	14.00
				5	Calcium chloride	Gram	0.53
6	Copper sulphate	Gram	0.83
				7	Manganese sulphate	Gram	0.69
8	Borax	Gram	1.83
				9	Zinc sulphate	Gram	2.00
10	Ammonium molybdate	Gram	0.57
				11	Potassium nitrate	Kilogram	0.17
12	Nitrate of lime	Kilogram	1.00
				13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	Kilogram	0.29
14	Ammonium nitrate	Kilogram	0.40
				15	Magnesium phosphate	Kilogram	0.20
16	Water	Kilogram	1000
				17	The pH value	?	5.4
18	The EC value	?	1.1

Three, the knot potato stage

The knot potato stage is that the stolon induction period finishes until production finishes, and is 12 weeks, presses table 3 design culture fluid, and concrete consumption sees Table 6.Spraying is designed to 300 seconds time intervals, and spray time is 30 seconds.Along with the prolongation of breeding time, the color of root system can be deepened gradually by the white of beginning, is normal phenomenon.Should in time extract when observing bud.In this stage, when reaching the results standard, stem tuber weight can gather in the crops at any time, results once (specifically should be according to the results standard in general 1 to 2 day, weight more the large-spacing time longer), the staff operates after both hands should being cleaned up or wear the latex sterile gloves again during results, all containers that hold micro potato must be with 0.1% Babysafe solution disinfection, and the warehouse also will be with 0.1% Babysafe solution disinfection, to guarantee preserve safety before the storage potato seed.

Plant begins to wear out gradually in this stage, should note observing the variation of plant bottom cauline leaf, if it is withered and yellow to find that lower blade begins, in time establishment officer removes and clean out booth with scissors, in case the uppermost leaf sheet rots to grow disease at the seedbed panel; In addition, the axillalry bud on plant top can often become the living potato of gas, should once (remove together with withered and yellow blade) in 2-3 week periodic cleaning, to prevent from too much consuming photosynthetic product.

Table 6. knot potato stage culture fluid batching

Sequence number	Reagent	Unit	Consumption
				1	Potassium iodide	Gram	0.37
2	Boric acid	Gram	0.35
				3	Iron sulfate	Gram	1.71
4	Sodium molybdate	Gram	16.00
				5	Calcium chloride	Gram	0.85
6	Copper sulphate	Gram	0.99
				7	Manganese sulphate	Gram	1.04
8	Borax	Gram	2.24
				9	Zinc sulphate	Gram	2.29
10	Ammonium molybdate	Gram	0.77
				11	Potassium nitrate	Kilogram	0.34
12	Nitrate of lime	Kilogram	0.94
				13	Dipotassium hydrogen phosphate	Kilogram	0.54
14	Ammonium nitrate	Kilogram	0.35
				15	Magnesium phosphate	Kilogram	0.56
16	Water	Kilogram	1000
				17	The pH value	?	5.6
18	The EC value	?	1.5

Embodiment 2

One, the difference of the measure of vegetative stage and embodiment 1 is that the pH value is 5.

Two, the difference of the measure of induction period and embodiment 1 is that the induction period time is 11 days, and the pH value is that 5.6, EC value is 1.0mS/cm.

Three, the measure in knot potato stage and the difference of embodiment 1 are that the pH value is 5.8.

Embodiment 3

One, the difference of the measure of vegetative stage and embodiment 1 is that the pH value is 6.

Two, the difference of the measure of induction period and embodiment 1 is that the induction period time is 9 days, and the pH value is that 5.2, EC value is 1.2mS/cm.

Three, the measure in knot potato stage and the difference of embodiment 1 are that the pH value is 5.5.

Claims

1. a mist training method is produced the method for micro potato, it is characterized in that the method is in conjunction with the growth characteristic of micro potato, whole incubation is divided into vegetative stage, induction period, knot potato stage three phases, adds respectively corresponding nutrient solution in each stage;

Table 1. vegetative stage ratio of nutrient solution

Table 2. induction period ratio of nutrient solution

Table 3. knot potato Stage Nutrition liquid proportioning

。

2. mist training method according to claim 1 is produced the method for micro potato, it is characterized in that the nutrient solution EC value of vegetative stage is 1.8mS/cm, and the pH value is 5～6.

3. mist training method according to claim 1 is produced the method for micro potato, and the EC value that it is characterized in that the induction period nutrient solution is 1.0～1.2mS/cm, and the pH value is 5.2～5.6.

4. mist training method according to claim 1 is produced the method for micro potato, it is characterized in that nutrient solution EC value is 1.5mS/cm, and the pH value is 5.5～5.8.