CN103052500A - 复合xps隔热面板 - Google Patents

复合xps隔热面板 Download PDF

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CN103052500A
CN103052500A CN2011800381243A CN201180038124A CN103052500A CN 103052500 A CN103052500 A CN 103052500A CN 2011800381243 A CN2011800381243 A CN 2011800381243A CN 201180038124 A CN201180038124 A CN 201180038124A CN 103052500 A CN103052500 A CN 103052500A
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xps
xps plate
plate
compound
thermal insulation
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CN103052500B (zh
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K·明德尔
M·弗里曼
F·卡西亚
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Knauf Insulation Ltd
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Knauf Insulation Ltd
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
    • B29C65/2015—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror being a single welding mirror comprising several separate heating surfaces in different planes, e.g. said heating surfaces having different temperatures
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2007—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror
    • B29C65/203—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by the type of welding mirror being several single mirrors, e.g. not mounted on the same tool
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
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    • B29C66/3472—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined using particular temperature distributions or gradients; using particular heat distributions or gradients in the plane of the joint, e.g. along the joint line in the plane of the joint or perpendicular to the joint line in the plane of the joint
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/45—Joining of substantially the whole surface of the articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
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    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81433—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined being toothed, i.e. comprising several teeth or pins, or being patterned
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/8341—Roller, cylinder or drum types; Band or belt types; Ball types
    • B29C66/83411—Roller, cylinder or drum types
    • B29C66/83413—Roller, cylinder or drum types cooperating rollers, cylinders or drums
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
    • B29C66/843—Machines for making separate joints at the same time in different planes; Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
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    • B29C66/8432—Machines for making separate joints at the same time mounted in parallel or in series
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/32—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed at least two layers being foamed and next to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
    • B29C65/26—Hot fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
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Abstract

一种复合XPS隔热板，其可以包括底部XPS板、中心XPS板和顶部XPS板，在复合XPS隔热板的每个外部面处均具有挤出外层，其中各个XPS板通过它们接触面处的热焊部而固定在一起，以形成复合XPS板。

Description

复合XPS隔热面板
技术领域
本发明涉及挤出聚苯乙烯（XPS）隔热面板。
背景技术
XPS隔热面板通过将聚苯乙烯和发泡剂一起挤出通过模具或喷嘴而制成。通过XPS隔热面板的导热率取决于面板的厚度和面板的固有性能（包括例如在挤出和膨胀期间所产生的微孔结构和所使用的发泡剂的隔离性能）。不幸的是，随着挤出的XPS隔离材料的厚度增大，固有的隔离性能趋向于劣化。结果，有利的是，将两个XPS板层压在一起以形成更厚的板，使得层压的隔离板的固有隔离性能优于通过挤出同样厚度的单片式XPS板所得到的隔离性能。此外，先前所使用的发泡剂被更加环保的发泡剂代替，但是这些更加环保的发泡剂增强XPS板的固有隔离性能的能力总体上减小。因而，使用例如HCFC（而不是CFC）或CO2（而不是CFC或HCFC）作为发泡剂使得难以通过较厚的单片式XPS板获得最优化的固有隔离性能。
欧洲专利申请EP1 213 118 A1公开了使用可透水粘合剂将两个XPS板（其挤出外层已被去除）层压在一起。去除挤出外层和使用可透水粘合剂意在确保不会在两个板之间产生可以阻隔水蒸汽传输的阻挡层。
欧洲专利申请EP1 213 119 A1公开了通过溶剂焊将两个XPS板（其挤出外层已被去除）层压在一起的方法。同样，去除挤出外层和使用溶剂焊接意在确保不会在两个板之间产生可以阻隔水蒸汽传输的阻挡层。
DE4421016中公开了使用油加热的棒熔融接触面而将聚苯乙烯板和/或聚乙烯板连结起来的方法。然而，EP1 213 118 A1和EP1 213 119A1中公开了没有实施该方法，因为该方法在两个板之间产生了阻止水蒸汽传输的阻挡层。
虽然EP1 231 118 A1和EP1 231 119 A1主要涉及由连结在一起的两个单独的板构成的复合XPS板，但是这些文献公开了60mm厚的板可以用于通过分别将两个、三个或四个60mm的板连结在一起而制成120mm、180mm和240mm的复合板。类似地，还公开了50mm厚的板可以用于通过分别将两个、三个、四个或五个50mm的板连结在一起而制成100mm、150mm、200mm或250mm的复合板。
发明内容
本发明提供一种用于复合XPS板的新颖且技术上有利的构造及相关的制造技术。
特别地，与具有相同厚度的现有技术的单片式XPS隔热板比较，本发明的复合XPS隔热板实现以下效果：
-减小和/或改进产品密度（单片式XPS板的增大的厚度一般会增大其密度）；和/或
-提高尺寸稳定性；和/或
-缩短熟化时间（即，稳定微孔气体含量所耗费的时间）。
根据第一方面，本发明提供一种根据权利要求1所述的复合XPS板。本发明的其它方面在其它独立权利要求中限定。从属权利要求限定优选的或可替代的实施例。
术语“复合XPS板”指的是板包括固定在一起的多个单独的XPS板的板。
根据EP1 213 118 A1和EP1 213 119 A1的教导，在制造层压的复合XPS隔热板时，从各个XPS板的每个面去除挤出外层是非常重要的。然而，令人意外的是，在不去除每个挤出外层的情况下，可以构造成具有可接受的性能的复合XPS隔热板，所述可接受的性能包括可接受的水蒸汽传输率。
在复合XPS板的每个外表面处保留挤出外层可以提高复合XPS产品的水蒸汽传输率特性。
复合XPS板的热性能主要是其总厚度的函数。通常通过刨削（典型地使用转动平面）实现的挤出外层的去除从各个XPS板去除一层材料，从而减小了厚度。结果，当各个XPS板的每个挤出外层在制造复合XPS板的过程中被去除时，各个XPS板必须被制造成使得XPS板在去除挤出外层之前具有的厚度大于在去除挤出外层之后所期望的厚度。规定保留挤出外层(多个挤出外层）的本发明的上述方面不仅减少了制造复合XPS板的过程中的步骤的数量，而且还减少了提供期望厚度的各个XPS板所需要的原材料的量。
在中心XPS板的每个接触面上保留挤出外层的额外优点在于，不需要在制造该中心XPS板和将其层压以形成复合XPS板之间对该单独的XPS板进行处理。
可以有利的是，从底部XPS板和顶部XPS板的接触面去除挤出外层，尤其当中心XPS板在其每个接触面上均包括挤出外层时，这显著地优化了复合XPS板的厚度公差。当以期望的额定厚度制造单独的XPS板时，实际制造出的厚度将在一定公差内变化。因而，在复合XPS板中，厚度的变化包括每个单独的XPS板的厚度公差的总和。从底部XPS板和顶部XPS板的接触面去除挤出外层，尤其在复合XPS板由三个单独的XPS板构成的情况下，提供了一种用于将复合XPS板的厚度公差控制成小于挤出厚度公差的总和的有利方式；这是因为与去除挤出外层相关的厚度公差比挤出公差更容易控制成更小。因而，在顶部XPS板和底部XPS板的挤出外层被去除之后，顶部XPS板和底部XPS板的厚度公差会比中心XPS板的厚度公差更小。
在本发明的某些实施例中，挤出外层可以从每个XPS板的每个面去除。
鉴于EP1 213 118 A1和EP1 213 119 A1的教导，还令人意外的是，具有包括可接受的水蒸汽传输率在内的可接受性能的复合XPS隔热板可以通过利用热焊部将各个XPS板连结在一起制造而成。可变密集度的热焊部在焊接处理和制造复合XPS板两个方面提供了一种实现上述目的的有利的方式。术语“可变密集度（intensity）的热焊部”指的是这样一种热焊部，即，在所述热焊部中，某些部分处的熔融或焊接的数量比其它部分更密集（intense）。可变密集度的焊接部可以包括：
a）由焊接程度较不密集的或非焊接部分分割开的焊接部分；和/或
b）由焊接程度较不密集的或非焊接部分分割开的、呈线形式的间隔开的焊接部分。
尤其在复合XPS板由顶部XPS板、中心XPS板和底部XPS板构成或组成的情况下，各个XPS板优选地被同时焊接在一起以生产复合XPS板。
可以通过使用经过待焊接的表面并且优选地接触和挤压待焊接的表面的一个或多个焊条产生热焊部。优选地，一个或多个焊条是静止的，并且由于一个或多个XPS板的运动而相对于待焊接的表面进行相对运动。可以还想到一个或多个焊条运动的实施例。
在焊接之前，接触表面可以是基本平面的（例如，在具有其挤出外层的基本平坦的XPS表面的状态下）或平面的（例如，挤出外层已经通过旋转刨削而去除的挤出表面）。或者，在焊接之前，接触面可以是异型的，接触表面可以包括多个细褶皱或尖峰和凹槽，所述多个细褶皱或尖峰和凹槽优选地横过接触表面的表面有规律地间隔开。这种型面可以具有（i）大于10mm或大于15mm和/或小于100mm、80mm或50mm的节距；和/或大于0.5mm或大于1mm和/或小于6mm或5mm的尖峰到凹槽的距离。异型的接触表面可以用于（i）产生可变密集度的焊接；和/或（ii）通过主要熔融型面的尖峰来减少熔融的材料的量和/或增大接触表面的面积来最优化焊接。这种异型表面可以通过以下方法提供：（i）利用期望的型面挤出该表面；（ii）刨削挤出的表面以去除挤出外层并提供期望的型面；或（iii）刨削挤出的表面以部分地去除挤出外层并提供期望的型面。
本发明对于具有至少90mm的厚度的复合XPS板是特别有利的，尤其在每个单独的XPS板均具有至少20mm的厚度的情况下。特别地，在复合XPS板由三个单独的XPS板构成的情况下，复合XPS板的厚度可以小于140mm或小于130mm和/或大于210mm或大于220mm。
各个XPS板的厚度可以基本相同；这有助于制造处理，并且有助于作为原材料的各个XPS板的制造和储存。优选地，顶部XPS板和底部XPS板的厚度是基本相同的；底部XPS板的厚度可以介于顶部XPS板的厚度的±10%。特别地，在期望制造具有不能由具有相同厚度的单独的XPS板组装而成的厚度的复合XPS板的情况下，中心XPS板的厚度可以与顶部XPS板和底部XPS板中的每个的厚度相差了至少5mm，优选地相差了至少10mm。
所述复合XPS板优选地没有粘合剂。这有助于在制造期间和在产品的寿命结束时进行回收利用。
附图说明
现在将参照附图仅以示例的方式说明本发明，在附图中：
图1是复合XPS隔热板的透视图；
图2是可变密集度的热焊部的放大的示意性表示图；
图3是适于制造图1的XPS板的设备的示意性侧视图；
图4是图3中所示的焊条的侧视图；
图5是沿着图3的线5-5得到的示意性剖视图；和
图6是与图5类似的可替代的焊条的示意性表示图。
具体实施方式
图1的复合XPS隔热板10包括三个单独的XPS板：底部XPS板11，中心XPS板12和顶部XPS板13。将应理解，术语顶部、中心和底部意在指示复合XPS隔热板内的各个XPS板的相对位置，而不是指示各个XPS板的取向或复合XPS隔热板的取向。
复合XPS板的顶部外表面14和底部外表面15（隐藏于视野之外）二者各自包括XPS挤出外层。与复合XPS板或各个XPS板的两个侧表面和两个端表面不同，术语“面”指的是复合XPS板或各个XPS板的主要表面。术语“接触面”指的是各个XPS板与另一个单独的XPS板接触的面。在图1中，仅接触面的边缘是可见的，顶部XPS板13和中心XPS板12通过在其相应的接触面13'、12'处热焊而固定在一起，并且底部XPS板11和中心XPS板12通过在其相应的接触面11'、12"处热焊而固定在一起。
复合XPS板10具有由各个XPS板11、12、13的厚度所构成的厚度t，即，所述厚度t与复合XPS板10的外部面14、15垂直。
图2示出了各个XPS板的接触面之间的连接部的一部分的放大的表示图。该图示出可变密集度的热焊部21，其包括由焊接密集度较小的焊接部分23分割开的焊珠22。
图3示出将底部XPS板11、中心XPS板12和顶部XPS板13层压在一起以形成复合XPS板10的处理。各个XPS板11、12、13沿着方向31前进，使得它们的接触面经过热焊条36、37的加热表面32、33、34、35，并被（通过未示出的压紧辊）压靠在热焊条36、37的加热表面32、33、34、35上。压紧辊38、38'随后将各个XPS板的熔融的或部分熔融的接触面连结在一起，以形成复合XPS板10。位于焊条36、37的上游的驱动辊（未示出）推动各个XPS板经过焊条，压紧辊38、38'也提供一部分牵引力。可以监控每个焊条36、37的温度，并将每个焊条36、37的温度自动地调节成期望的额定温度，其中优选地在每个焊条36、37的长度上间隔开的位置监控每个焊条36、37的温度。焊条36、37优选地是电加热的，虽然也可以使用油加热。虽然单个热源可以用于每个焊条的整个长度，但是优选的是，为每个焊条36、37的至少末端独立地构造可控的热源；考虑到易于干扰末端处的温度的边缘效应，这可以有助于沿着每个焊条36、37的整个长度获得恒定温度。
如图5中所示，图5是沿着图4中的线5-5得到的焊条37的剖视图，焊条的每个加热表面34、35都包括细褶皱51，所述细褶皱51在这个实施例中呈V状齿的形式，其形成V状尖峰52和凹槽53。替代地，细褶皱可以采取一系列正方形和/或矩形形状的齿的形式。细褶皱51可以用于：
a）促进各个XPS板的接触面与焊条之间接触，尤其当接触面通过辊（未示出）压靠在焊条上时；和/或
b）产生可变密集度的热焊部，与细褶皱的凹槽相比，细褶皱的尖峰产生XPS板的接触面强度更高的局部熔融和/或焊接。
在图5中所示的构造中，一个加热表面35上的尖峰52的位置与另一个加热表面34上的凹槽53的位置对应。图6示出可替代的布置，其中，一个加热表面35上的尖峰52的位置与另一个加热表面34上的尖峰52的位置对应。
优选地，可变强度的热焊部21包括对每个XPS板的整个（或基本整个）接触面的焊接，其具有间隔开的焊接部分22，所述间隔开的焊接部分22被更密集地熔融和/或焊接。已经发现，这在各个XPS板之间的连结处产生较高的机械强度，并且同时允许复合XPS板具有可接受的水蒸汽传输率水平。
XPS隔热板典型地具有约80至300的水蒸汽传输率。已经发现根据本发明的示例性复合XPS隔热板具有以下水蒸汽传输率：
Figure BDA00002812644700071
水蒸汽传输率性能根据EN12086确定，并且一般表达为：
-对于同质产品而言，水蒸汽扩散阻力系数μ；和
-对于有饰面的或非同质的产品而言，水蒸汽阻力Z。

Claims (15)

1.一种复合XPS隔热板，其包括底部XPS板、中心XPS板和顶部XPS板，其特征在于，所述复合XPS板的每个外部面都包括挤出外层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合XPS隔热板，其中，所述中心XPS板在其每个接触面上都包括挤出外层。
3.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的复合XPS隔热板，其中，所述挤出外层已经从所述底部XPS板和顶部XPS板的接触面去除。
4.根据以上权利要求中任一项所述的复合XPS隔热板，其中，各个XPS板通过它们的接触面处的热焊部而固定在一起，以形成所述复合XPS隔热板。
5.一种复合XPS隔热板，其包括底部XPS板、中心XPS板和顶部XPS板，其特征在于，各个XPS板都通过其接触面处的热焊部而固定到与其相邻的XPS板。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的复合XPS隔热板，其中，所述热焊部是可变密集度的热焊部。
7.一种复合XPS隔热板，其包括至少两个单独的XPS板，其特征在于，所述单独的XPS板通过它们的接触面处的可变密集度的热焊部而固定在一起。
8.一种制造复合XPS隔热板的方法，所述方法包括将底部XPS板、中心XPS板和顶部XPS板层压在一起，其特征在于，所述方法包括保留所述复合XPS隔热板的每个外部面上的挤出外层的步骤。
9.根据权利要求8所述的制造复合XPS隔热板的方法，其中，所述方法包括保留所述中心XPS板的每个接触面上的挤出外层的步骤。
10.根据权利要求8或9所述的制造复合XPS隔热板的方法，其中，所述方法包括从所述底部XPS板的接触面和顶部XPS板的接触面去除挤出外层的步骤。
11.根据权利要求8至10中任一项所述的制造复合XPS隔热板的方法，其中，所述方法包括通过在各个XPS板的接触面处进行热焊而将所述各个XPS板固定在一起的步骤。
12.一种制造复合XPS隔热板的方法，所述方法包括将底部XPS板、中心XPS板和顶部XPS板层压在一起，其特征在于，所述方法包括通过在各个XPS板的接触面处进行热焊而将所述各个XPS板固定在一起的步骤。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的制造复合XPS隔热板的方法，其中，热焊的步骤包括在各个XPS板的接触面处产生可变密集度的热焊部。
14.一种制造复合XPS隔热板的方法，所述方法包括将至少两个单独的XPS板层压在一起，其特征在于，所述方法包括通过各个XPS板的接触面处的可变密集度的热焊部将所述各个XPS板固定在一起的步骤。
15.根据权利要求13或14所述的制造复合XPS隔热板的方法，其中，在包括使各个XPS板的接触面经过焊条的细齿状表面的步骤中产生所述可变密集度的热焊部。
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