CN103004360A - Stubble removing and remained film recovering machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a stubble removal and residual film recovery machine suitable for crops with relatively large stubbles. A stubble removal and residual film recovery machine, comprising a frame (9), on which a traction frame (1) and a transmission system (2) are installed, it is characterized in that: behind the frame (9) A residual film stubble box (10) is arranged on the top; a set of disc harrows (16) is fixed on the lower front end of the frame (9); the stubble scraper (15) is interposed between the set of disc harrows (16) , located at the rear upper part of the group of disc harrows (16); the lower side behind the stubble scraper (15) is correspondingly equipped with a conveyor belt (7), and the conveyor belt (7) extends to the frame ( 9), the rear part corresponding to the residual film stubble box (10); the edge film shovel (14) is installed under the middle part of the frame (9); the eccentric adjustment shaft cylinder (11) is installed on the On the above-mentioned frame (9), a stripping plate (8) is arranged correspondingly above the rear portion of the eccentric adjustment shaft cylinder (11), and the rear portion of the stripping plate (8) corresponds to the residual film stubble box (10) the first half of the box.

Description

A stubble removal and residual film recycling machine

technical field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a stubble removal and residual film recovery machine suitable for crops with relatively large stubbles.

Background technique

At present, the national corn planting area is 35 million hectares, of which the planting area in Xinjiang is about 7 million mu. In recent years, plastic film mulching cultivation technology has been popularized and applied to the cultivation of corn to solve the problem of increasing production in cold and dry land, thus starting a large-scale promotion and application. After the film mulching planting technology is adopted, due to the increase of effective accumulated temperature, the growth period is relatively prolonged, and the middle and late maturing varieties can be widely used, so that the quality and yield can be greatly improved. At the same time, the suitable growing areas of various crops are shifted and expanded to the north, so that the land resources can be used more effectively. The moisture conservation effect produced by plastic film mulching promotes deep rooting of crops, so it is also a drought-resistant measure, which has important strategic significance for the effective use of water resources and the development of dryland agriculture in my country.

Although plastic film mulching planting technology is an effective way to increase crop yield, if the residual film left in the field cannot be recycled in time, it will not only cause environmental pollution, but also cause serious harm to agricultural production itself. Residual film recycling is one of the important factors affecting the sustainable development of agricultural production, which has been recognized by more and more people. At present, the Chinese government and some agricultural production departments have begun to invest manpower, material and financial resources to solve the problem of residual film recycling. But generally speaking, due to the large planting area covered by plastic film in my country, the long life of film laying, and the untimely recycling and treatment of residual film, the number of waste and residual film in rural areas has increased sharply, and "white pollution" has appeared in many places.

There is an MS-2 film harvester for corn seedlings developed by Northeast Agricultural University. The principle is to loosen the film soil on both sides of the ridge with a loosening shovel. The film is rolled up, the film cutter cuts the film, and the film is wound on the film rolls on both sides by the rolling of the film roll wheel. However, on the one hand, this machine completely rolls the film on the film roll. When unloading the film, the film must be cut off from the middle with a knife to unload the film. Unloading the film is cumbersome and difficult. On the other hand, the film harvesting wheel is a follower wheel without driving, and the film harvesting is unreliable because the plastic elongation of the residual film is not compensated. The IMC-70 type residual film picking and stubble machine developed by the Agricultural Mechanization Research Institute of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region uses a tractor to travel during operation, and two shovel knives scoop up the residual film root stubble buried in the soil and transport it through the transmission mechanism Unloaded into the separation sieve, the residual film, root stubble and soil clods rotate in the roller sieve, and under the action of centrifugal force, the soil clods are crushed and thrown to the ground through the screen holes. The residual film and root stubble left in the roller sieve are thrown into the film-collecting basket, and when it is full, the film stubble is unloaded into piles by human operation. However, the machine entangles the residual film and corn root stubble, which cannot be separated and can only be burned. The recovery rate of residual film is low. The other two shovels scoop up both the root stubble and residual film, which is equivalent to sieving the ground surface once. , the power consumption is larger.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a stubble removal and residual film recovery machine suitable for large crop stubble, good separation of recovered residual film and straw root stubble, and high recovery rate of residual film.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A stubble removal and residual film recovery machine, comprising a frame 9, on which a traction frame 1 and a transmission system 2 are installed, wherein:

The stubble box 10 with residual film is arranged at the rear portion of the frame 9;

A group of disc harrows 16 is fixed on the lower front end of the frame 9; the root stubble scraper 15 is interposed between the group of disc harrows 16 and positioned at the back and upper part of the group of disc harrows 16;

The lower side behind the stubble scraper 15 is correspondingly equipped with a conveyor belt 7, and the conveyor belt 7 is extended to the rear of the frame 9 through multi-stage transmission, corresponding to the rear half of the residual film stubble box 10;

The lower part of the middle part of the frame 9 is equipped with a peripheral film shovel 14;

The eccentric adjustment shaft drum 11 is installed on the frame 9, and the top of the rear part of the eccentric adjustment shaft drum 11 is correspondingly arranged with a stripping plate 8, and the rear portion of the stripping plate 8 corresponds to the front half of the residual film stubble box 10. box.

The stubble scraper 15 is reversely driven by the power output wheel of the transmission system 2 ; the driving wheel 6 of the conveyor belt 7 is driven in the same direction by the power output wheel of the transmission system 2 .

The eccentric adjustment shaft roller 11 and the stripping plate 8 are driven in the same direction by the power output wheel of the transmission system 2 .

Described stubble scraper 15 contains 3～6 scrapers.

The set of disc harrows 16 consists of two disc harrows mounted obliquely relative to each other; the shape of the disc harrows is either full circle or notched.

The stubble removal and residual film recovery machine includes multiple groups of disc harrows 16 .

The conveyor belt 7 is provided with a conveying scraper 5 .

The residual film stubble box 10 is correspondingly arranged with an oil cylinder to drive it to turn over.

The present invention has the following characteristics:

(1) The present invention can recycle the stubbles of crops with large stubbles, so as to solve the impact of large stubbles in the farmland on the recovery of residual film, and prepare for sowing in the coming year.

(2) The present invention can separate and recycle residual film from stubble, straw and other materials, which is beneficial to the secondary utilization of residual film.

(3) The present invention adopts the structure of eccentrically adjusted shaft roller for film collection, which has high reliability and stable operation.

(4) The edge film shovel in the present invention can loosen the hardened soil of the edge film and hold up the edge film, which is beneficial to the recovery of residual film.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stubble removal and residual film recovery machine of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a front view of the stubble removal structure of the stubble removal and residual film recovery machine of the present invention. [Description of main component symbols]

1 traction frame

2 transmission system

3 walking cylinders

4 walking arm

5 chain conveyor scraper

6 driving wheels

7 conveyor belt

8 release plate

9 racks

10 residual film stubble box

11 eccentric adjustment shaft roller

12 pick film teeth

13 walking wheels

14 edge film shovel

15 stubble scrapers

16 disc harrow

17 stubble beam

18 Consolidator

19 Pole

20 driven wheel

21 lower stringer

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the stubble removal and residual film recycling machine of the present invention. In the narration of this manual, the forward direction when the stubble removal and residual film recovery machine is working is taken as the front.

Stubble removal and residual film recovery machine of the present invention comprises frame 9, and frame 9 has lower longitudinal beam 21, and the front end of lower longitudinal beam 21 is fixed with stubble beam 17, preferably, described stubble beam 17 is on horizontal plane and The side members 21 are vertical. A traction frame 1 is installed at the front end of the frame 9, and a transmission system 2 is arranged on the frame 9 for outputting various stages of transmission. The middle position of frame 9 is equipped with walking crank arm 4, and the walking crank arm 4 upper end is connected with walking oil cylinder 3, and walking oil cylinder 3 drives walking crank arm 4. The walking crank arm 4 lower ends are connected with walking wheels 13 . Residual film stubble box 10 is correspondingly arranged at the rear portion of frame 9 for collecting residual film and stubble.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a front view of the stubble removal structure of the stubble removal and residual film recovery machine of the present invention. Wherein, a group of disc harrows 16 are fixed on the stubble beam 17 of the frame 9 by a consolidation device 18 through a vertical pole 19, and the disc harrows 16 are used for cutting the mulch and inserting into the soil to support the stubble shovel. The stubble scraper 15 is installed on the lower longitudinal beam 21 of the frame 9 through a sprocket, and the stubble scraper 15 can be driven to rotate by the power output wheel of the transmission system 2 along with the sprocket. The stubble scraper 15 is located between the group of disc rakes 16 and is located at the rear upper end of the group of disc rakes 16, and the stubble scraper 15 contains 3 to 6 scrapers. The stubble scraper 15 is reversely driven to rotate by the power output wheel of the transmission system 2 .

The set of disc harrows 16 comprises two disc harrows mounted obliquely relative to each other. The shape of the disc harrow is a full circle or a notch. Multiple groups of disc harrows 16 can be installed in a stubble removal and residual film recycling machine.

Below the rear side of the stubble scraper 15, the driven wheel 20 of the conveyor belt 7 is correspondingly installed on the frame 9, and the driving wheel 6 of the conveyor belt 7 is installed above the middle part of the frame 9, so that the conveyor belt 7 Extend obliquely upwards to the middle part of frame 9 by chain transmission, then extend horizontally to frame 9 rear portion by a chain transmission, the rear half case corresponding to residual film root stubble box 10. Like this, the root stubble that disc harrow 16 shovels are held up by root stubble scraper 15 dials into conveyer belt 7, and then by conveyer belt 7, stubble is sent into the rear half case in residual film root stubble case 10. The drive pulley 6 of the conveyor belt 7 is driven to rotate in the same direction by the power output pulley of the transmission system 2 .

Also can have conveying scraper 5 on described conveyer belt 7, prevent stubble from slipping in conveying process.

The middle part of the lower longitudinal beam 21 of the frame 9 is equipped with a side film shovel 14, which is located at the front end of the eccentric adjustment shaft drum 11, and the eccentric adjustment shaft drum 11 is installed on the bottom of the frame 9 through a protruding fixed rod. The middle rear portion of the longitudinal beam 21 is positioned at the inner side of the walking crank arm 4, and the film picking teeth 12 for stirring up residual film are arranged on the eccentric adjustment shaft cylinder 11. The rear upper end of the eccentric adjustment shaft drum 11 is correspondingly arranged with a stripping plate 8, which is installed on the lower side beam 21 of the frame 9 through a sprocket, and can be driven to rotate with the sprocket. The rear portion of the stripping plate 8 corresponds to the front half of the residual film stubble box 10. The eccentric adjustment shaft roller 11 and the stripping plate 8 are driven in the same direction by the power output wheel of the transmission system 2 through multi-stage transmission.

The edge film shovel 14 goes into the soil to scoop up the edge film, and the eccentric adjustment shaft roller 11 picks up the residual film. When the residual film turns to the top of the roller, the residual film is taken off by the stripping plate 8. With the rotation of the stripping plate 8, Residual film is sent into the front half case in the stubble case 10 of residual film.

The residual film stubble box 10 can also correspond to an oil cylinder, which can drive the residual film stubble box 10 to turn over, so as to dump out the collected stubble and residual film.

The transmission form mentioned in the present invention is not limited to chain transmission.

The working process of the present invention is as follows: the tractor is connected with the stubble removal and residual film recovery machine of the present invention through the traction frame 1, and the power output shaft of the tractor is connected with the transmission system 2 of the present invention through the transmission shaft, driving the stubble removal and residual film recovery machine Work and form a working group.

During operation, the unit moves on the ground, the traveling cylinder 3 retracts, the entire frame 9 descends, the disc harrow 16 cuts the plastic film and inserts it into the soil to hold up the stubble shovel; the stubble scraper 15 is output by the power of the transmission system 2 The wheel is reversely driven, and the driving wheel 6 of the conveyor belt 7 is driven in the same direction by the power output wheel of the transmission system 2. As shown by the arrow in the figure, the stubble scraper 15 is driven by the transmission system 2 to rotate counterclockwise, and the conveyor belt 7 rotates in the opposite direction. The stubble is dialed into the conveyer belt 7 by the stubble scraper 15, and the stubble is sent into the rear half case of storing the stubble in the residual film stubble case 10 by the conveyer belt 7. The eccentric adjustment shaft drum 11 and the stripping plate 8 are driven in the same direction by the power output wheel of the transmission system 2 through multi-stage transmission. As shown by the arrow in the figure, the film picking teeth 12 and the stripping plate 8 rotate clockwise. The edge film shovel 14 digs into the soil to scoop up the edge film, and the film picking teeth 12 on the eccentric adjustment shaft roller 11 pick up the residual film. Take off, and film stripping plate 8 sends residual film into the front half case of residual film stubble box 10 by rotation.

Claims (8)

1. one kind is removed a stubble machine for recovering broken film, comprises frame (9), and hitch frame (1) and transmission system (2) are installed on the described frame (9), it is characterized in that:

Be furnished with residual film root stubble case (10) at the rear portion of frame (9);

One group of disk harrow (16) is fixed on the front end bottom of frame (9); Root stubble scraper plate (15) is positioned at the back upper place of this group disk harrow (16) between this group disk harrow (16);

Described stubble scraper plate (15) rear downside correspondence is equipped with conveyer belt (7), this conveyer belt (7) by Multi-stage transmission extend to the rear portion of frame (9), corresponding to the rear half chests of residual film root stubble case (10);

The below, middle part of described frame (9) is equipped with edge membrane shovel (14);

Eccentric adjusting axle cylinder (11) is installed on the described frame (9), top, the rear portion correspondence of this eccentric adjusting axle cylinder (11) is furnished with demoulding plate (8), and the rear portion of this demoulding plate (8) is corresponding to the front half chests of residual film root stubble case (10).

2. as claimed in claim 1 except the stubble machine for recovering broken film, it is characterized in that: described stubble scraper plate (15) is by the power output wheel reverse drive of transmission system (2); The driving wheel (6) of described conveyer belt (7) is driven in the same way by the power output wheel of transmission system (2).

3. as claimed in claim 1 except the stubble machine for recovering broken film, it is characterized in that: described eccentric adjusting axle cylinder (11) and demoulding plate (8) are driven in the same way by the power output wheel of transmission system (2).

4. described except the stubble machine for recovering broken film such as one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described stubble scraper plate (15) contains 3～6 scraper plates.

5. described except the stubble machine for recovering broken film such as one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described one group of disk harrow (16) contains two disk harrows that relative to each other tilt to install; Being shaped as full circle or being with jagged of described disk harrow.

6. as claimed in claim 5 except the stubble machine for recovering broken film, it is characterized in that: described except comprising many group disk harrows (16) in the stubble machine for recovering broken film.

7. described except the stubble machine for recovering broken film such as one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described conveyer belt (7) is upper with carrying scraper plate (5).

8. described except the stubble machine for recovering broken film such as one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: described residual film root stubble case (10) correspondence is furnished with the oil cylinder that drives its upset.

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