CN204579016U - A kind of tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agricultural mechanical equipment for recycling residual film, a tractor-drawn ridge-grown peanut residual film recovery device, in which a depth-limiting wheel (1) with adjustable support height is arranged obliquely downward at the front end of a bracket (27), and a depth-limiting wheel (1) at the rear is a Two excavating shovels (2) are juxtaposed, next to the rear of the excavating shovels (2), by a conveyor chain (21) inclined from the lower layer of the bracket (27) to the upper layer; at the rear above the conveyor chain (21), Configure a hopper (20) with an upward opening. The hopper (20) is trapezoidal with a large top and a small bottom. For the narrow outlet at the bottom of the hopper (20), a pair of soil pressing rollers (19) at a certain interval are set; After the vibrating screen (9) placed horizontally at a low level, the outlet at the rear is directly connected to the film collecting box (12) output on the horizontal side; a swing scraper (16) is arranged above the vibrating screen (9) parallel to it. The utility model has good membrane-soil separation effect, simple mechanism, convenient operation, no problems such as winding and congestion, and has very important practical significance for reducing land pollution and maintaining sustainable development of agricultural production.

Description

A tractor-drawn ridge-growing peanut residual film recovery device

technical field

The utility model relates to an agricultural mechanical equipment for recovering residual film, in particular to a residual film recovery device for ridge crops, such as peanuts and the like.

Background technique

Peanut is a dominant oil crop in my country, and it is often planted by ridge farming, but there is no recycling machine for the residual film left on the ground during harvest. On the basis of the current situation, starting from the planting mode and harvesting process of peanut residual film management, the corresponding peanut residual film management plan is put forward. Aiming at the problems of low use of plastic film, high ridge body, many fragments of residual film, deep buried film, and uneven ground level after harvesting peanuts in ridge cultivation, as well as the field test of the purchase of residual film recovery machine, the design of the recovery machine for peanut residual film in ridge cultivation has a great impact on peanuts. Equipment screening was carried out for the processes of film collection, transmission, film-soil separation, and film collection of the residual film recycling machine. Formulate the technical indicators of the ridge-growing peanut residual film recovery machine, and put forward relevant suggestions and countermeasures for the mechanization development of ridge-growing peanut residual film recovery in my country.

The domestic residual film recovery machine is mainly suitable for the residual film recovery of crops on the soil, such as cotton, corn, etc. The common residual film recovery machines include film roll type, telescopic rod tooth type, spring tooth type, tooth chain type, and air suction type. As well as clamping and other structural forms, the thickness of the agricultural film is generally thin, and there are many residual and broken films after harvesting. The planting of ridge crops has its own characteristics, and the residual film residue on the ridge surface after harvest is different from that of flat crops. It is suitable for the residual film recovery machines for ridge crops such as peanuts, sweet potatoes, white radish, garlic, etc. at home and abroad. It has been reported that, therefore, research and development of ridge farming residual film recovery equipment suitable for various domestic harvesting processes has very important practical significance for reducing land pollution and maintaining sustainable development of agricultural production.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a residual film recovery device suitable for tractor traction operations, including peanut ridge crops, aiming at the shortcomings of the prior art.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved by the following technical solutions.

A tractor-drawn ridge-growing peanut residual film recovery device is characterized in that:

The upper and lower two three-point traction frame can be slightly rotated up and down to connect the double-layer bracket,

A depth-limiting wheel that can adjust the height of the support is arranged obliquely downward at the front end of the support, and two excavating shovels are arranged side by side at the rear, close to the rear of the excavating shovel, and a conveyor chain is arranged obliquely from the lower layer of the support to the upper layer;

A gearbox connected by the tractor power output shaft is arranged at the front end of the bracket, and the output of the gearbox is transmitted to the driving sprocket on the upper part of the conveyor chain through a belt;

At the rear above the conveying chain, a hopper with an upward opening is configured, and the hopper is trapezoidal with a large upper part and a smaller lower part, and a pair of soil pressing rollers at a certain interval are arranged for the narrow outlet at the lower part of the hopper;

The lower outlet of the soil pressing roller is provided with a vibrating screen with a high front and a low level at the rear. The vibrating screen is supported by four rods at the front and rear or hung on the lower layer of the bracket. The vibrating screen is driven by an eccentric cam, and the eccentric cam It is coaxially connected with the pulley of the vibrating screen, and the driving sprocket on the upper part of the excavating conveyor chain is connected to each other through a belt;

The outlet at the rear of the vibrating screen is directly connected to the film collecting box output from the horizontal side;

A swing scraper is arranged above the vibrating screen, the rear end of the swing scraper is connected to the bracket by a pair of swing rods, and the front end is connected to the bracket by a crank connecting rod, so that the rotating shaft at the end of the crank connecting rod is driven by power. After driving, the brush at the lower part of the swing scraper will push back and scrape;

At the front end of the support, a vertical non-powered cylindrical anti-winding roller is arranged at the intersection of the front and the side;

Wheels are set on the lower part of the bracket;

The distance S between the outlet above the conveyor chain and the inlet above the hopper:

S＝V ² sin ² α/2g

In the formula, V is the linear velocity of the conveyor chain, α is the installation inclination of the conveyor chain, and g is the acceleration of gravity.

A tractor-driven ridge farming peanut residual film recovery device, the structure of the film collecting part adopts a shovel chain combination, and the transmission part is composed of a gearbox, an excavating conveying device and a sprocket connecting them. The gearbox and the sprocket need to be optimally designed. The transmission ratio, the conveying device is composed of horizontal rods assembled on both sides of the chain belt, and the middle adopts the combined structure of supporting sprockets. The rods are made of 65Mn steel, which has certain strength and toughness. The conveying and lifting device can make the film soil For a certain throwing capacity, the linear speed of the conveyor chain must be greater than the forward speed of the machine, otherwise there will be film soil retention and blockage. If the line speed is too fast, the material will be thrown too far, the transmission power consumption will be large, and the wear of the chain will be aggravated; if the line speed is too slow, the residual film will wrap around. Designed according to the principle of projectile motion

S＝V ² sin ² α/2g

In the formula, S is the distance S between the outlet above the conveyor chain and the inlet above the hopper, V is the linear velocity of the conveyor chain, α is the installation inclination angle of the conveyor chain, and g is the acceleration of gravity.

After the digging shovel scoops up the soil containing residual plastic film, the conveying device lifts up the soil clods, plastic film, etc., and the crushing roller crushes the large soil clods, and the plastic film and sundries fall to the vibrating sieve type film-soil separation on the device.

The membrane-soil separation device is a vibrating screen, which is composed of a vibrating screen, a crank connecting rod, a pulley, etc. By selecting a suitable transmission ratio of the pulley, the vibrating screen vibrates according to the designed frequency and amplitude, and most of the soil passes through the sieve holes on the sieve. Under the action of vibration, it leaks into the surface, and a small part of soil and all the residual film and stubble are transported to the mechanical film collecting device under the vibration of the vibrating screen group and the cooperation of the scraper. The rear end of the oscillating scraper is connected to the bracket by a pair of swing rods, and the front end is connected to the bracket by a crank connecting rod, so that the rotating shaft at the end of the crank connecting rod is driven by power, and the brush at the lower part of the oscillating scraper is pushed back to scrape. action.

The horizontal belt output structure is adopted, and the residual film after the film-soil separation is conveyed backward by the tape to the second-level horizontal conveyor belt, and is output from one side along the horizontal conveyor belt, and is thrown into the film collection box when it reaches the edge, and the collection is completed. film task.

Further, the distance between a pair of the soil-pressing rollers is 1.5-2.5 centimeters.

Further, the front and rear lengths of the vibrating screen are 155-160 cm.

Further, the front and rear length of the swing scraper is 80-90 cm.

Further, the distance between the two parallel excavating shovels is 140-145 cm.

Further, the horizontal bars in the conveying chain are made of 65Mn steel, and the middle of the conveying chain is supported by support rollers.

Further, the mesh of the vibrating screen is in the shape of a long and narrow rectangle with a size of 2.5×0.8 cm.

Further, the distance S between the outlet above the conveying chain and the entrance above the hopper is supplemented with a correction coefficient A, and the value range of A is 0.4-0.8. The conveying chain conveys the mixture of residual film, root stubble, weeds and soil. Take 0.4 when falling into the front edge of the hopper, and take 0.8 when the mixture just falls into the rear edge of the hopper.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

Solve the lack of function of shaking soil, the soil clods cannot be crushed, many large soil clods are collected into the drum, the drum and the cylinder support wheel are wrapped with film, and the shovel entrance is piled up (soil, film, straw), and the large soil clods are crushed by the crushing roller After crushing, the mulch film and sundries fall onto the vibrating sieve type membrane-soil separation device, and the membrane-soil separation effect is good.

The horizontal belt film collecting mechanism is adopted, which is simple in structure, easy to operate, and there are no problems such as winding and congestion. The side output of the film collecting device is not a rear-mounted one, which is convenient for the operator to monitor the state of the film collecting, and at the same time shortens the film unloading time. A peanut residual film recovery device with high recovery efficiency and reliable power transmission.

The utility model provides a residual film recovery device suitable for tractor traction operations under domestic agricultural mechanization conditions, including peanut ridge crops, and has very important practical significance for reducing land pollution and maintaining sustainable development of agricultural production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the general structural configuration schematic diagram of an embodiment of the tractor-drawn ridge cropping peanut residual film recovery device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a vibrating screen part in an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the utility model including excavating shovels and transverse conveyor belt components;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the scraper brush part in an embodiment of the present invention, showing that the front end is connected to the bracket by means of a crank connecting rod.

In the figure, 1 is the depth gauge wheel; 2 is the digging shovel; 3 is the chain rod; 4 is the supporting wheel; 5 is the wheel; 6 is the driving arm of the vibrating screen; 7 is the belt wheel of the vibrating screen; Screen; 10 is connecting bolt; 11 is scraper brush; 12 is film collecting box; 13 is horizontal conveyor belt; 14 is bearing seat; 15 is scraper driving arm; 16 is scraper; 17 is reinforcing rib; 19 is the soil pressure roller; 20 is the hopper; 21 is the excavation conveyor chain; 22 is the tensioning device; 23 is the pulley for tensioning; 24 is the top connecting rod; 25 is the gearbox; Frame; 27 is a support; 28 is an anti-winding cylinder.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, further describe the structure of the present utility model in detail.

A tractor-drawn ridge-growing peanut residual film recovery device,

The upper and lower two three-point traction frames 26 are connected to the double-layer support 27 in a slightly rotatable up and down manner, and this structure can be adapted to slightly undulating operations in the ridge farming field.

At the front end of the bracket 27, a depth-limiting wheel 1 with an adjustable support height is arranged obliquely downward. The rear part is two excavating shovels 2 arranged side by side, close to the rear of the excavating shovel 2, and a conveyor chain 21 arranged obliquely from the lower layer of the bracket 27 to the upper layer. ; This structure can excavate the mixture of residual film, stubble, weeds and soil at a certain depth, and transport it upwards.

The gearbox 25 connected by the tractor power output shaft is configured at the front end of the bracket 27, and the output of the gearbox 25 is transmitted to the driving sprocket on the top of the conveyor chain 21 by a belt; power is provided for the device.

At the rear above the conveying chain 21, a hopper 20 with an upward opening is configured, and the hopper 20 is a trapezoid with a large upper part and a smaller lower part. For the narrow outlet at the bottom of the hopper 20, a pair of pressing soil rollers 19 at a certain interval are set; enter the hopper 20 The soil fat mixture was crushed.

The lower outlet of the soil pressing roller 19 is provided with a vibrating screen 9 with a high front and a low level at the rear. The vibrating screen 9 is supported by four rods before and after or suspended on the lower floor of the bracket 27. The vibrating screen 9 is formed by an eccentric cam. 8 drive vibration, the eccentric cam 8 is coaxially connected with the vibrating screen pulley 7, and the driving sprocket on the upper part of the excavating conveyor chain 21 is connected to each other through a belt; the crushed mixture is vibrated on the vibrating screen 9 for sorting.

The outlet at the rear of the vibrating screen 9 is directly connected to the film collection box 12 with a horizontal side opening; the residual film is sent into the film collection box 12 .

A swing scraper 16 is arranged above the vibrating screen 9 in parallel, the rear end of the swing scraper 16 is swingably connected to the bracket 27 by a pair of swing rods, and the front end is connected to the bracket 27 by a crank connecting rod, so that the crank is connected The rotating shaft at the rod end is driven by power, and the brush at the bottom of the swinging scraper 16 pushes and scrapes backwards; the scraper 16 makes the crushed mixture on the vibrating screen 9 transported backward while sorting.

At the front end of the support 27, a vertical non-powered cylindrical anti-winding roller 28 is arranged at the intersection of the front and the side; this can prevent debris from being entangled.

Set the wheel 5 at the bottom of the bracket 27;

The distance S between the outlet above the conveyor chain 21 and the inlet above the hopper 20:

S＝V ² sin ² α/2g

In the formula, V is the linear velocity of the conveyor chain, α is the installation inclination of the conveyor chain, and g is the acceleration of gravity. The use of this formula can ensure that the purpose of the utility model is effectively achieved, and the tractor traction operation can be realized, and the residual film can be recovered in fields including peanut ridge crops.

The distance between a pair of soil pressing rollers 19 is 1.5-2.5 centimeters. Large soil clods are crushed within this range, and the mulch film and debris can be better separated by the subsequent shaking screen membrane soil separation device.

The front and rear lengths of the vibrating screen 9 are 155-160 centimeters, which can achieve better shaking and vibration effects.

The front and back length of the swing scraper 16 is 80-90 centimeters, which can achieve better scraper scraping effect.

The distance between the two excavating shovels 2 juxtaposed is 140-145 centimeters, which is suitable for excavating two ridges at a time.

The horizontal rods in the conveying chain 21 are made of 65Mn steel, and the middle of the conveying chain 21 is supported by supporting rollers 4 . It is beneficial to prolong the service life of the conveyor chain, and the overall transmission is stable and reliable.

The sieve opening of the vibrating screen 9 is (long and narrow rectangle front and back), and the size is 2.5×0.8 centimeters. A better screening effect can be obtained.

The distance S formula between the outlet above the conveyor chain 21 and the inlet above the hopper 20 has an additional correction coefficient A, and the value range of A is 0.4-0.8. The conveyor chain conveys the mixture of residual film, stubble, weeds and soil. Get 0.4 when falling into the front edge of the hopper 20, get 0.8 when the mixture just falls into the rear edge of the hopper 20, and the remaining states are within it. Because residual film, stubble, weeds and soil are interconnected, in order to achieve the design purpose of the utility model more accurately, the above formula is additionally corrected, and the scope of the correction coefficient A is determined by bench and simulation tests.

In a certain embodiment, the correction coefficient A is set to 0.64, the linear velocity V of the conveyor chain is 180 m/min, α is 35°, and S is 4.9 cm.

Claims (8)

1. a tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device, is characterized in that:

By upper once two 3 hitch frames (26) with can rotary type connected double-layer cribbing (27) slightly up and down,

The gauge wheel (1) of adjustable supporting height is set obliquely in support (27) front end, rear portion is two digger blades (2) arranged side by side, the rear portion of adjacent digger blade (2), by from support (27) the lower floor chain (21) inclined to upper strata;

At the gearbox (25) that support (27) front-end configuration is connected by tractor motive power output shaft, the output of described gearbox (25) sends the drive sprocket on described chain (21) top to by belt;

At the rear of described chain (21) top, the hopper (20) of configuration opening upwards, big up and small down trapezoidal of hopper (20), for the narrow outlet of hopper (20) bottom, a pair firming roller (19) at a distance of certain intervals is set;

The lower part outlet of described firming roller (19) arranges the horizontal vibratory sieve (9) of front high rear low-level, described vibratory sieve (9) is supported by four, front and back rod member or is suspended on the lower floor of support (27), described vibratory sieve (9) drives vibration by eccentric cam (8), eccentric cam (8) is coaxially connected with vibratory sieve belt wheel (7), is interconnected through belt by the drive sprocket on described excavation chain (21) top;

The outlet at described vibratory sieve (9) rear portion directly connects the film-collecting box (12) of horizontal side output;

Arrange in the top paralleled with described vibratory sieve (9) and swing scraper plate (16), swinging scraper plate (16) rear end is connected on support (27) by a pair fork swing, front end is connected on support (27) by crank connecting link mode, makes the action that the rotating shaft of crank connecting link end is pushed backward by the hairbrush producing swing scraper plate (16) bottom after power drive;

In the front end of described support (27), the junction being positioned at front and side arranges the antiwind cylinder (28) of vertical unpowered drum type brake;

In the bottom of described support (27), wheel (5) is set;

The entrance distance S of the outlet of described chain (21) top and hopper (20) top:

S＝V ²sin ²α/2g

V chain linear velocity in formula, α is chain mounted angle, and g is acceleration of gravity.

2. tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the spacing that described in a pair, firming roller (19) is mutual is 1.5-2.5 centimeters.

3. tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the anterior-posterior length of described vibratory sieve (9) is 155-160 centimeters.

4. tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the anterior-posterior length of described swing scraper plate (16) is 80-90 centimeters.

5. tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the spacing of described two digger blades (2) arranged side by side is 140-145 centimeters.

6. tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that bar strip horizontal in described chain (21) adopts 65Mn steel, supported by support roller (4) in the middle of chain (21).

7. tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device according to claim 1, is characterized in that the sieve aperture of described vibratory sieve (9) is in (narrow and long rectangular that front and back are long), is of a size of 2.5 × 0.8 centimeters.

8. tractor-drawn ridge culture peanut used plastic collection device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the entrance distance S formula additional corrections coefficient A of the outlet of described chain (21) top and hopper (20) top, A span is 0.4-0.8, residual film, root stubble, weeds and upturned soil mixture are transmitted in carrier chain conveying, when mixture just fall into hopper (20) front along time get 0.4, get 0.8 when mixture just falls into hopper (20) back edge.