CN102985984A - 制造电绕组的方法和电导体 - Google Patents

制造电绕组的方法和电导体 Download PDF

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CN102985984A
CN102985984A CN201180023247XA CN201180023247A CN102985984A CN 102985984 A CN102985984 A CN 102985984A CN 201180023247X A CN201180023247X A CN 201180023247XA CN 201180023247 A CN201180023247 A CN 201180023247A CN 102985984 A CN102985984 A CN 102985984A
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conductor
winding
coiling
electric
coiling material
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CN102985984B (zh
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S.蒂尔纳
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Essex Europe SAS
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/06—Coil winding
    • H01F41/064—Winding non-flat conductive wires, e.g. rods, cables or cords
    • H01F41/066—Winding non-flat conductive wires, e.g. rods, cables or cords with insulation
    • H01F41/068—Winding non-flat conductive wires, e.g. rods, cables or cords with insulation in the form of strip material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/0016—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for heat treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
    • H01B7/42—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction
    • H01B7/421—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form with arrangements for heat dissipation or conduction for heat dissipation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
    • H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
    • H01F41/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing coils
    • H01F41/06—Coil winding
    • H01F41/071—Winding coils of special form
    • H01F41/074—Winding flat coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F5/00—Coils
    • H01F5/02—Coils wound on non-magnetic supports, e.g. formers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于制造电气设备的电绕组的方法，在该电气设备中，所述绕组嵌入用于冷却的液体中。首先制造导体，在该导体中多个具有矩形横截面的、电绝缘的单个导体以其平坦侧相互上下贴靠地布置成至少一叠。由绝缘材料组成的卷绕材料围绕该堆叠卷绕以便产生一个共同的绝缘装置，然后使所述导体形成为一体式的绕组。为了卷绕使用带或绳状的、由具有形状记忆效应的塑料制成的卷绕材料，该卷绕材料具有一个通过伸长产生的、比其原始长度更大的长度。制成的绕组加热到一个卷绕材料沿卷绕方向变得更短的温度。

Description

制造电绕组的方法和电导体
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造用于电气设备的绕组的方法，在该电气设备中，绕组嵌入用于冷却的液体中，首先通过该方法制造导体，在该导体中，多个电绝缘的具有矩形横截面的单个导体以其平坦侧相互上下贴靠地布置成至少一叠，由绝缘材料组成的卷绕材料围绕该堆叠卷绕以产生一个共同的绝缘装置，并且然后通过该方法使导体形成为一体式的绕组以及涉及一种电导体(DE 19727758 A1).
背景技术
可为这种绕组使用的导体例如是换位导体，该换位导体应用在用于变压器的绕组中，在该换位导体中含有油作为冷却剂。这种换位导体由两个平坦的、电绝缘的单个导体构成的堆叠组成，这些单个导体在其走向中通过不断的换位从一叠扭转到另一叠中。根据开头提及的德国专利文献DE 19727758A1，围绕这种导体卷绕作为卷绕装置的多层纸。在一个由这种导体制成的绕组的线匝之间存在一个用于通过冷却剂的缝隙，该缝隙通过调整垫片调节。在制造绕组时，即使在绕组工作时会发生纸层的松散及鼓起，因此，线匝之间的缝隙至少部分地加大。绕组的冷却由此明显变差。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是，这样改进一种开头阐述的方法，使得保证用相应的导体制成的绕组在寿命内得到足够的冷却。
该技术问题按本发明由此解决，
-导体用带或绳状的、由具有形状记忆效应的塑料制成的卷绕材料卷绕，该卷绕材料具有一个通过伸长产生的、比其原始长度更大的长度并且在热量输入时变得更短，以及
-所述制成的绕组加热到一个所述卷绕材料沿卷绕方向变得更短的温度。
在该方法中所使用的卷绕材料例如可以设计成带子或织物或绳子。它由具有形状记忆效应的塑料组成，该塑料在预制过程中拉长并且在由此延长的状态下通过冷却保持或“冻住”。这种单层或多层设计的卷绕材料在热量输入时由于其形状记忆恢复到期原始的长度。也就是该卷绕材料变得更短。根据本发明延长的卷绕材料可以在传统的技术中围绕由单个导体，也就是导体构成的堆叠卷绕，以便卷绕材料足够牢固地包围该堆叠。用该卷绕材料的卷绕在强度上相当于例如用其他材料的一般卷绕，以便导体具有足够继续加工的挠曲性。因此，这样卷绕的导体可以同样在传统的技术中加工成一个绕组，其线匝通过缝隙分隔。在绕组制造之后，该绕组加热到一个预先给定的最低温度。为此，绕组例如可以带到干燥炉中以便除去剩余湿度并且烘烤漆，若这种漆作为绝缘装置并且为了加固涂覆到各个导体上。通过在此发生的热量输入，卷绕材料沿其可以恢复到其原始长度的方向变得更短，因此，该卷绕材料以增大的力缠绕导体。由此，在绕组的各线匝之间设定的缝隙在寿命内保持在其整个净跨度中不变，以便在其工作时持续地保证绕组的冷却。
按本发明的具有形状记忆效应的塑料已经由例如EP 2103637 A2在先公开。在此该塑料基本上是具有很不同的基材的聚合物和/或低聚物。
附图说明
按本发明的方法和由此制成的导体根据附图作为实施例阐述。附图中：
图1是按本发明的导体的一个区段，
图2是用于实施按本发明的方法的装置的简略图。
具体实施形式
下列为了简单起见，代替“卷绕材料”一词使用“带子”一词。
按本发明的导体在最简单的实施形式中由一叠平坦的、具有大约矩形的横截面的、电绝缘的单个导体组成，这些单个导体以其平坦侧相互贴靠。在一种优选的实施形式中，导体是具有并排的两叠单个导体的换位导体，如图1所示。单个导体例如可以用所谓的烤漆绝缘，该烤漆在热量输入时活化并且促使各个导体在各堆叠中受到烘烤。
在图1中所示的换位导体1(以下简称“导体1”)由并排的两叠平坦的、电绝缘的、具有大致矩形的横截面的单个导体2组成，这些单个导体2以其平坦侧相互贴靠。单个导体2优选由铜制成。它们用绝缘漆，尤其是烤漆绝缘。为了在将导体1用于绕组的情况下保持集肤效应的影响尽可能小，单个导体2在导体的整个长度上从一叠不断重复地交替到另一叠。为此目的，单个导体2借助适合的工具在从图1中出现的部位3处折弯，即，分别一个位于上方的单个导体和一个位于下方的单个导体。这连续地发生。借此实施的、单个导体2在导体1的横截面中有规律的交替也会使得涡流损失更小。
围绕导体1卷绕由具有形状记忆效应的塑料制成的带子4作为绝缘装置。它在通过拉伸和“冻结”导致的延长状态下以通常的强度围绕导体1卷绕。在此，该带子4重叠地或对接地围绕导体卷绕，但也在各个线匝之间具有空隙。
导体1连续地以更大的长度，几乎无端头地制造。它可以在此卷绕在线圈上或直接进一步加工成电气设备、尤其是变压器的绕组。为了这种进一步加工，导体1可以必要时通过线圈运输至另一制造位置并且在该处又从该线圈上解绕下来。
为了制造绕组W，按图2的导体1卷绕到机械稳定的卷芯5，所述卷芯具有预先给定的直径，也就是带有在其线匝之间的、可通过安设调整垫片来调节的空隙或间隙。制成的绕组W在其用于电气设备中之前加热到预先给定的温度，其中，带子4沿其纵向收缩或变更短，并且以增大的强度缠绕导体1。为此，绕组W例如可以引入干燥炉6中，在该干燥炉6中绕组W被加热，以便例如去除剩余湿度和/或活化涂覆在单个导体2上的烤漆。

Claims (3)

1.一种用于制造电气设备的电绕组的方法，在该电气设备中，所述绕组嵌入用于冷却的液体中，首先通过该方法制造导体，在该导体中多个具有矩形横截面的、电绝缘的单个导体以其平坦侧相互上下贴靠地布置成至少一叠，由绝缘材料组成的卷绕材料围绕所述堆叠卷绕以便产生一个共同的绝缘装置，然后通过该卷绕材料使所述导体形成为一体式的绕组，其特征在于，
-所述导体(l)用带或绳状的、由具有形状记忆效应的塑料制成的卷绕材料卷绕，所述卷绕材料具有一个通过伸长产生的、比其原始长度更大的长度并且在热量输入时变得更短，以及
-制成的所述绕组(W)加热到一个所述卷绕材料沿卷绕方向变更短的温度。
2.一种用于制造电气设备绕组的电导体，在所述电气设备中，所述绕组嵌入用于冷却的液体，该电导体由多个具有矩形横截面的、电绝缘的单个导体组成，这些单个导体以它们的平坦侧相互上下贴靠地布置成至少一叠并且被一个共同的绝缘装置包围，该绝缘装置由围绕所述堆叠卷绕的、由绝缘材料制成的卷绕材料组成，其特征在于，所述卷绕材料由具有形状记忆效应的塑料组成，所述塑料在卷绕由单个导体(2)组成的所述堆叠时具有一个通过伸长产生的比原始长度更大的长度并且在热量输入时沿卷绕方向变得更短。
3.按权利要求2所述的导体，其特征在于，所述导体设计成具有并排的两个由单个导体(2)构成的堆叠的换位导线。
CN201180023247.XA 2010-05-12 2011-03-23 制造电绕组的方法和电导体 Expired - Fee Related CN102985984B (zh)

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EP10305507A EP2387047B1 (de) 2010-05-12 2010-05-12 Verfahren zur Herstellung einer elektrischen Wicklung und elektrischer Leiter
EP10305507.5 2010-05-12
PCT/EP2011/054416 WO2011141213A1 (de) 2010-05-12 2011-03-23 Verfahren zur herstellung einer elektrischen wicklung und elektrischer leiter

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MX2012013142A (es) 2013-02-11
WO2011141213A1 (de) 2011-11-17
ES2389170T3 (es) 2012-10-23
RU2556086C2 (ru) 2015-07-10
KR101879755B1 (ko) 2018-07-18
US20130199819A1 (en) 2013-08-08
BR112012028870A2 (pt) 2016-07-26
RU2012153561A (ru) 2014-06-20
EP2387047A1 (de) 2011-11-16
EP2387047B1 (de) 2012-06-06
KR20130111222A (ko) 2013-10-10
CN102985984B (zh) 2016-08-03
US9111668B2 (en) 2015-08-18
PL2387047T3 (pl) 2012-12-31

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