CN102975401B - 材料幅及其制造方法 - Google Patents

材料幅及其制造方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN102975401B
CN102975401B CN201210460079.7A CN201210460079A CN102975401B CN 102975401 B CN102975401 B CN 102975401B CN 201210460079 A CN201210460079 A CN 201210460079A CN 102975401 B CN102975401 B CN 102975401B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
film
tectum
nonwoven material
film strip
thin elastic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN201210460079.7A
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English (en)
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CN102975401A (zh
Inventor
M·舍恩贝克
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Meng Di Consumer Package Technology Co Ltd
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Meng Di Consumer Package Technology Co Ltd
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Publication of CN102975401A publication Critical patent/CN102975401A/zh
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Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/15577—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
    • A61F13/62—Mechanical fastening means, ; Fabric strip fastener elements, e.g. hook and loop
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/56—Supporting or fastening means
    • A61F13/62—Mechanical fastening means, ; Fabric strip fastener elements, e.g. hook and loop
    • A61F13/622—Fabric strip fastener elements, e.g. hook and loop
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
    • B29C65/086—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil using a rotary anvil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B29C65/083—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations using a rotary sonotrode or a rotary anvil
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
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    • B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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    • B29C66/712—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined the composition of one of the parts to be joined being different from the composition of the other part
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/7294—Non woven mats, e.g. felt
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24752—Laterally noncoextensive components
    • Y10T428/2476—Fabric, cloth or textile component

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种材料幅及其制造方法，从该材料幅能冲裁出可弹性拉伸的尿布封闭元件，所述尿布封闭元件分别包括非弹性的且加强的、用于固定封闭部件的连接区域以及相邻的非弹性区域的弹性拉伸区域，该材料幅包括：一对非织造材料覆盖层；多个弹性薄膜带，各薄膜带彼此平行并在侧向间隔开；在每一对弹性薄膜带之间的相应一个非弹性的加强薄膜带，所述加强薄膜带在覆盖层之间具有较高熔点的聚合物支撑层并且在至少一侧上具有聚乙烯外层，所述加强薄膜带在两侧的重叠区域上覆盖相应一对弹性薄膜带；以及将非织造材料覆盖层连接到加强薄膜上的超声波焊头或热焊头，非织造材料覆盖层由具有聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘的双组分纤维制成。

Description

材料幅及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种尿布封闭元件的制造方法。本发明尤其是涉及用于这种制造的材料幅。
背景技术
典型的可弹性拉伸的尿布封闭元件分别包括非弹性的且加强的连接区域，封闭部件能连接到该区域。其从具有平行且相互间隔开的薄膜带的材料幅冲裁出，该薄膜带由在非织造材料的两个覆盖层之间层叠的可弹性拉伸的聚合物制成。
DE102004035649公开一种用于制造尿布封闭元件的方法。在弹性薄膜带之间的区域中，非织造材料幅直接相互粘合。从材料幅冲裁出的尿布封闭元件分别具有一个弹性拉伸区域和两个非织造材料的双侧侧面连接区域。尿布封闭元件能以带的形式或具有称为尿布耳状物的形式，在一片尿布上的尿布封闭元件的连接区域比用于连接封闭部件的连接区域更宽。强作用力通过封闭部件传递到尿布封闭元件。具有高抗拉强度的抗弯连接区域在对尿布封闭元件的力的均匀施加方面是有利的。此外，必须注意当使用中尿布封闭元件拉伸到弹性范围的弹性极限时，非织造材料的连接区域不散线或塑性拉伸。
US6255236公开一种尿布封闭元件，其具有作为核心层的弹性薄膜和层叠到核心层上的非织造材料层。非织造材料层和核心层外尺寸相同，即在拉伸方向上弹性核心层与两侧层叠的非织造材料层具有相同宽度。用于封闭部件的连接区域和用于固定到尿布的连接区域均由非弹性聚合物层加强。通过高抗拉强度薄膜(例如聚丙烯均聚物)实现加强，该高抗拉强度薄膜层叠在弹性薄膜和两个覆盖层之一之间的连接区域中，并且限制弹性核心层的弹性。由于弹性聚合物是昂贵的材料，因此有将复合材料中的弹性聚合物的相对百分比保持得尽可能低、但不会对复合材料的弹性和机械性能产生负面影响的需要。
US6051094公开一种尿布封闭元件，其具有包括弹性区域和非弹性区域的衬背。特别是该衬背由包括弹性核心层和非弹性覆盖层的共挤出薄膜制成。织物层叠到衬背的一个表面上。封闭部件连接到衬背的另一个表面上。弹性拉伸区域通过局部拉伸产生，其中衬背的非弹性覆盖层和层叠的非织造材料在一定区域中过度拉伸。这表现为选择性机械激活。这里另一不利的方面是，弹性衬背在具有非弹性连接区域的尿布封闭元件的整个宽度上延伸。另一不利的方面是，尿布封闭元件仅在一侧具有织物表面。
US6875710描述一种尿布封闭元件，其包括例如由非织造材料制成的织物衬背。衬背通过以热塑性状态施加的非弹性聚合物层在预定区域中加强，以便渗入非织造材料层的至少部分纤维结构。在与之隔开的另一区域中，衬背具有热塑性弹性体的涂层，其也渗入非织造材料的至少部分纤维结构，并产生弹性拉伸区域。如果材料拉伸到弹性范围的弹性极限，那么存在仅由非织造材料制成的织物将在弹性区域和非弹性区域之间塑性变形和破坏的风险。
发明内容
因此本发明的目的是，提供制造材料幅的改进的方法，由该材料幅能冲裁出弹性尿布封闭元件。
另一目的是提供制造这种材料幅的改进的方法，其克服了上面给出的缺点，特别是其有助于制造便宜并且耐用的尿布封闭元件。
从材料幅能冲裁出可弹性拉伸的尿布封闭元件，所述尿布封闭元件分别包括用于固定封闭部件的非弹性的且加强的连接区域和相邻的弹性拉伸区域。根据本发明，两个非织造材料层的覆盖层之间插入多对可弹性拉伸的聚合物的弹性薄膜带，各薄膜带彼此平行并在侧向上间隔开。在每一对弹性薄膜带之间插入一条加强薄膜，该加强薄膜在覆盖层之间具有支撑层并且在至少一侧上具有聚乙烯的外层，每个加强薄膜带在各自的重叠区域上覆盖各自一对弹性薄膜带的每一个。将加强薄膜带在重叠区域中连接到弹性薄膜带上，并且通过超声波焊接或热焊接将非织造材料覆盖层连接到加强薄膜带上。连接到加强薄膜的聚乙烯外层上的覆盖层本身由具有聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘的双组分纤维制成。加强薄膜的支撑层由具有比外层的聚乙烯更高熔点的聚合物制成。
加强薄膜的支撑层由聚合物制成，其特征在于具有比弹性薄膜带更大的抗弯强度和抗拉强度，以及具有比外层的聚乙烯更高的熔点。支撑层优选由聚丙烯制成，特别是聚丙烯均聚物。此外，环烯烃共聚物、苯乙烯聚合物、聚酰胺、聚乳酸、热塑性聚氨酯以及提到的这些聚合物的各种混合物都适合用于作为支撑层。
加强薄膜的聚乙烯外层在热或超声产生的焊点上永久连接到形成非织造材料覆盖层的双组分纤维的聚乙烯鞘上。局部熔化使得材料形成永久连接，以致产生点状的、椭圆体的、或杆状的接合点的均匀图案。由于聚乙烯的低熔点，用于超声波焊接或热焊接的低能量输入是足够的。超声波焊接以加强薄膜的支撑层和双组分纤维的聚丙烯芯都不会熔化的方式进行。当使用热焊接时，这种情况是类似的。聚丙烯的纤维芯确保纤维保持它们的结构而不会被破坏。特别是低密度聚乙烯(LD-PE)、低密度线性聚乙烯(LLD-PE)或极低密度聚乙烯(VLD-PE)能用于加强薄膜的由聚乙烯制成的外层，也能用于非织造材料覆盖层的双组分纤维的鞘材料。
聚乙烯具有在105℃到145℃范围的熔化温度，而聚丙烯的熔化温度更高。在那些产生用于封闭部件的、抗弯并且高抗拉强度的连接区域的材料区域中，加强薄膜的支撑层提供具有期望的机械性能的材料，并且特别是确定该区域的撕裂强度和抗弯强度。显然加强薄膜的支撑层必须具有足够的层厚度以便获得期望的加强，而加强薄膜的外层仅需要确保与由非织造材料制成的覆盖层的可靠的热结合。加强薄膜的由聚乙烯制成的外层优选具有在2～20μm之间的层厚度，而用于加强的支撑层应当具有在20～100μm之间的厚度。
由芯-鞘类型的双组分纤维制成的覆盖层比由聚丙烯纤维制成的非织造材料具有更多有益的使用性能。双组分纤维的聚乙烯组分提高了非织造材料的断裂韧性和断裂延伸率，并且为非织造材料提供了改进的摩擦和磨损性能。当材料幅被机械激活以提高弹性时，由双组分纤维制成的非织造材料保持其纤维结构，在双组分纤维中，纤维包括聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘。在机械激活期间，材料幅通过成型辊结构并在局部过度拉伸它们自身到这样的程度使得聚丙烯纤维撕裂，成型辊作用在材料幅的弹性拉伸区域上。双组分纤维的较坚韧的聚乙烯鞘使得在机械激活期间尽管过度拉伸，但是纤维结构被保持。
加强薄膜能由共挤出薄膜制成，该共挤出薄膜的支撑层由聚丙烯制成并且连接到由聚丙烯纤维制成的非织造材料上。在根据本发明的方法的该实施例中，生成具有两个不同成型的覆盖层的材料幅。第一覆盖层由双组分纤维的非织造材料制成，该双组分纤维具有聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘。直接连接到支撑层上的第二覆盖层由聚丙烯纤维的非织造材料制成。第一覆盖层与加强薄膜的聚乙烯层的粘合度高于在由聚丙烯制成的非织造材料层与支撑层之间的连接的粘合度，其中加强薄膜的支撑层也由聚丙烯制成。精确降低成在加强薄膜的一侧上粘合可能具有在叠层体的撕裂强度上的积极效果。
加强薄膜可以在聚丙烯支撑层和聚乙烯外层之间具有一层或多层。特别是加强薄膜可以具有聚乙烯外层、聚丙烯支撑层和用于提供来自抗弯聚合物的加强作用的中间层。
加强薄膜还可以由多层薄膜制成，该多层薄膜具有作为芯的支撑层和在两侧的聚乙烯覆盖物。由双组分纤维制成的非织造材料用于两个覆盖层，所述双组分纤维具有聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘。以这样的方式调整能量输入，即由聚乙烯制成的接触表面至少在最初熔化或融合，使得在双组分纤维的鞘和加强薄膜的侧面聚乙烯覆盖物之间产生紧密连接。这产生加强薄膜在非织造材料覆盖层中的特别可靠的锚固。
弹性薄膜带优选胶合到由非织造材料制成的覆盖层上。超声波焊接或热焊接限于叠层体的在操作尿布封闭元件时受到强拉力的那些区域。
根据本发明的方法的另一实施例，加强薄膜在两侧的重叠区域中胶合到弹性薄膜带上。在重叠区域中的粘合随后有助于超声波焊接。超声波焊接涉及非织造材料制成的覆盖层和加强薄膜在超声波焊头和图素辊之间通过，所述图素辊的辊表面具有凸凹结构。纤维能在入口间隙聚集。要相互连接的材料层在边缘彼此胶合有助于将材料输送进位于超声波焊头和图素辊之间的入口区域中。为了防止发生任何折叠，通过粘合剂将加强薄膜固定到至少一个覆盖层上是有利的，在通过超声波焊接将加强薄膜永久连接到两个覆盖层上之前，已经施加多条粘合剂。
超声波焊头用于超声波焊接，超声波焊头通过引入高频机械振动而发生共振。超声波焊头作用于图素辊，该图素辊的表面具有凸凹结构。图素辊的表面结构决定了焊接点的形状和布置。根据本发明的方法能通过具有光滑接触表面的超声波焊头执行。如果输入到叠层体中的能量过多，那么存在熔融的聚乙烯会沉积在超声波焊头上的风险。沉积物能形成长条纹，它们最终分离并且污染材料幅。通过使用圆柱形的且可旋转的超声波焊头，能降低在超声波焊头和图素辊之间材料沉积的风险。由此，可旋转的超声波焊头的使用构成本发明方法的优选实施方式。
附图说明
参考附图，上述的和其它的目的、特征和优点将从以下说明变得显而易见，其中：
图1是弹性尿布封闭元件的在拉伸方向上的示意性纵剖视图，该弹性尿布封闭元件具有用于固定封闭部件的非弹性的且加强的连接区域；
图2是能冲裁出如图1中所示的尿布封闭元件的材料幅的俯视图；
图3示出材料幅在非弹性的且加强的连接区域中的层叠结构；
图4示出用于将图3中示出的材料层超声波焊接在一起的工具组件；
图5示出用于将图3中示出的材料层超声波焊接在一起的另一工具组件；
图6示出图3中示出的层叠结构的变型方案。
具体实施方式
如图1中所示，根据本发明的尿布封闭元件1具有弹性拉伸区域2、用于固定到尿布上的非弹性连接区域3以及用于连接到封闭部件5上的也非弹性的且加强的连接区域4。尿布封闭元件是叠层体，其具有非织造材料的外部的覆盖层6和7的和一条冲裁出的层叠在覆盖层6和7之间的弹性聚合物的薄膜带8。覆盖层6和7在拉伸方向D上比层叠的弹性薄膜带8长，并且覆盖层6和7在形成非弹性连接区域3和4的突出端上彼此连接。
用于固定到尿布上的第一连接区域3是柔软的且有柔性的，并且仅由两层相互连接的非织造材料层6和7制成。另一方面，用于封闭部件5的第二连接区域4由一条冲裁出的加强薄膜带10加强，其中加强薄膜带10在重叠区域11中连接到层叠的弹性薄膜带8上。这些重叠区域11大约2mm到10mm宽。
加强薄膜带10由聚合物制成，该聚合物的特征在于具有比弹性薄膜带8的抗弯强度和抗拉强度更大的抗弯强度和抗拉强度。尿布封闭元件1的弹性拉伸区域2通过叠层体的单轴拉伸激活。局部限制拉伸引起非织造材料层6和7的纤维通过机械激活过度拉伸，使得在区域2中减小叠层体的伸长阻力。拉伸区域在方向D比弹性区域2窄，并且在其内部边缘上终止于重叠区域11之前。
在图2中以俯视图示出从宽材料幅12冲裁出尿布封闭元件11。为了制造图2中示出的材料幅12，可弹性拉伸的聚合物的、平行且间隔的多个薄膜带8，在两层非织造材料覆盖层6和7之间成对地层叠。此外，加强薄膜带10插入在覆盖层6和7之间，并且跨过每两条成一对的弹性薄膜带8的间隔，并且在重叠区域11沿着两个边缘胶合到各自对的弹性薄膜带8。
由非织造材料制成的覆盖层6和7通过超声波焊接而连接到加强薄膜上。为了完成这一点，非织造材料覆盖层6和7以及加强薄膜10在热超声波焊头13或13’和图素辊14之间通过，其中图素辊14的表面具有升高的结构、凸起、和/或凹进。在图4和5中示出用于超声波焊接的工具组件。具有平滑接触表面的垂直的超声波焊头13用在图4的实施例中。在图5的实施例中，使用具有平滑外表面的、圆柱形的、可旋转的超声波焊头13’。
在图3中提供了非弹性的且加强的连接区域4中的材料幅12的层叠结构的放大图。加强薄膜10具有聚丙烯的支撑层15和在两个表面上的聚乙烯的外层16。两个非织造材料覆盖层6和7都是由具有聚丙烯芯和聚乙烯鞘的双组分纤维制成。非织造材料层6和7通过超声波焊接而连接到加强薄膜10的聚乙烯外层16。加强薄膜10沿着两侧边缘覆盖区域11由粘合剂粘接到弹性薄膜带8上。弹性薄膜带8接着通过粘合剂带17胶合到覆盖层6和7上。
在图6的实施例中的加强薄膜10中，支撑层15由聚丙烯制成，以及外层16由聚乙烯制成且仅存在于一侧。连接到加强薄膜10的聚乙烯层上的覆盖层6由具有聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘的双组分纤维制成。加强薄膜10的支撑层15连接到由聚丙烯纤维制成的非织造材料7’上。

Claims (12)

1.一种用于制造材料幅的方法，从所述材料幅能冲裁出可弹性拉伸的尿布封闭元件，所述尿布封闭元件分别包括非弹性的且加强的、用于固定封闭部件的连接区域以及包括相邻的弹性拉伸区域，所述方法包括：
在两个非织造材料覆盖层之间插入多对由可弹性拉伸的聚合物制成的弹性薄膜带，各弹性薄膜带彼此平行并在侧向间隔开；
在每一对弹性薄膜带之间插入一个加强薄膜带，该加强薄膜带在覆盖层之间具有支撑层并且在至少一侧上具有聚乙烯外层，每个加强薄膜带将相应一对弹性薄膜带中的每一个弹性薄膜带分别在一个重叠区域上覆盖；
将加强薄膜带在重叠区域中连接到弹性薄膜带上；以及
通过超声波焊接或热焊接将非织造材料覆盖层连接到加强薄膜带上，连接到加强薄膜的聚乙烯外层上的覆盖层本身由具有聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘的双组分纤维制成，加强薄膜的支撑层由具有比外层的聚乙烯更高熔点的聚合物制成。
2.权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，所述支撑层由聚丙烯制成。
3.权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，所述支撑层由聚丙烯均聚物、环烯烃共聚物、苯乙烯聚合物、聚酰胺、聚乳酸、热塑性聚氨酯或它们的混合物制成。
4.权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，所述加强薄膜带的支撑层由聚丙烯制成，并且非织造材料具有聚丙烯纤维。
5.权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，所述加强薄膜带由多层薄膜制成，所述多层薄膜具有作为芯的支撑层和位于两侧的聚乙烯外层，非织造材料覆盖层由具有聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘的双组分纤维制成。
6.权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，弹性薄膜带通过胶合而连接到覆盖层上。
7.权利要求6中所述的方法，其特征在于，加强薄膜基本上仅在重叠区域上胶合到弹性薄膜带上。
8.权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，首先通过施加多条粘合剂将加强薄膜连接到至少一个覆盖层上，并随后通过超声波焊接或热焊接将加强薄膜永久地连接到两个覆盖层上。
9.权利要求1中所述的方法，其特征在于，通过使非织造材料覆盖层和加强薄膜在超声波焊头和图素辊之间经过，进行超声波焊接，所述图素辊的表面具有凸起和/或凹进的结构。
10.权利要求8中所述的方法，其特征在于，超声波焊头是竖直的，并且具有光滑接触表面。
11.权利要求8中所述的方法，其特征在于，超声波焊头是圆柱形的并且是可旋转的。
12.一种材料幅，从该材料幅能冲裁出可弹性拉伸的尿布封闭元件，所述尿布封闭元件分别包括非弹性的且加强的、用于固定封闭部件的连接区域以及与该非弹性区域相邻的弹性拉伸区域，该材料幅包括：
一对长形的非织造材料覆盖层；
多个层叠在非织造材料覆盖层之间的、由可弹性拉伸的聚合物制成的弹性薄膜带，各薄膜带彼此平行并在侧向间隔开；
在每一对弹性薄膜带之间的相应一个非弹性的加强薄膜带，所述加强薄膜带在非织造材料覆盖层之间具有聚合物支撑层并且在至少一侧上具有聚乙烯外层，所述加强薄膜带在两侧的重叠区域上覆盖相应一对弹性薄膜带；以及
将非织造材料覆盖层连接到加强薄膜上的超声波焊头或热焊头，连接到非弹性的加强薄膜带的聚乙烯外层上的非织造材料覆盖层由具有聚丙烯纤维芯和聚乙烯纤维鞘的双组分纤维制成，加强薄膜的支撑层由具有比外层的聚乙烯更高熔点的聚合物制成。
CN201210460079.7A 2011-08-31 2012-08-31 材料幅及其制造方法 Expired - Fee Related CN102975401B (zh)

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