CN102971534A - 用于可调节活塞泵的可移除垫片夹 - Google Patents
用于可调节活塞泵的可移除垫片夹 Download PDFInfo
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- F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
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- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B53/16—Casings; Cylinders; Cylinder liners or heads; Fluid connections
- F04B53/162—Adaptations of cylinders
- F04B53/166—Cylinder liners
- F04B53/168—Mounting of cylinder liners in cylinders
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
- F04B9/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B9/00—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members
- F04B9/02—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical
- F04B9/04—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms
- F04B9/042—Piston machines or pumps characterised by the driving or driven means to or from their working members the means being mechanical the means being cams, eccentrics or pin-and-slot mechanisms the means being cams
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B1/00—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders
- F04B1/04—Multi-cylinder machines or pumps characterised by number or arrangement of cylinders having cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement
- F04B1/06—Control
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Abstract
本发明公开一种泵组件,该泵组件包括基部、凸轮、活塞和垫片夹。凸轮绕着旋转轴线相对于基部旋转。气缸连接到基部,并具有用于流体的进入端口和出口。活塞由凸轮的旋转往复驱动以在填充行程期间通过进入端口将流体吸入到气缸中和在泵送冲程期间关闭进入端口并将气缸中的流体朝向偏移位置泵送。垫片夹可移除地插入在气缸与基部之间以增加进入端口与旋转轴线之间的距离。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体涉及活塞泵,并且更具体地涉及由旋转凸轮驱动的活塞泵。
背景技术
活塞泵通常用于移动各种各样工业和汽车应用中的诸如油或润滑脂的流体。活塞泵在凸轮每转一圈时被旋转凸轮泵驱动大约恒定量的流体。
由旋转凸轮驱动的活塞泵包括三个部件:凸轮、连接到凸轮的活塞和容纳活塞的气缸。凸轮可以是圆形、椭圆形或不规则形状盘,但是在所有情况下当凸轮旋转时都将力施加在活塞上。活塞泵的活塞通常被限制以沿着直线路径在气缸内移动,并且被保持在凸轮的外圆周表面上。活塞泵的气缸限制活塞,并提供泵送室,其中流体被吸入到所述泵送室中,并且流体通过活塞的移动从所述泵送室被泵送。许多活塞基本上是圆柱形轴,并且大部分气缸基本上是圆筒形管。活塞筒包括允许流体进入泵送室的进入端口。这些端口通常为在气缸的侧部中的孔。
当活塞泵的凸轮旋转时,活塞在气缸内借助于弹簧被朝向和远离凸轮往复推动。凸轮将活塞推入到气缸中,并且当凸轮退回时,弹簧使活塞返回。活塞的这种往复运动通过不阻挡和阻挡端口而打开和关闭活塞气缸中的至少一个端口。当活塞缩回时,流体流动通过打开的端口并进入到气缸的泵送室中。当活塞伸出时,活塞阻塞端口并迫使圈闭在泵送室中的流体通过泵出口出来。
凸轮驱动的活塞泵在凸轮每转一圈时提供恒定排量。对于具有或大或小的泵室(通常从较小活塞半径或较大活塞半径)来说,一些活塞组件允许活塞泵的排量通过交换容纳活塞的套筒和大小一样的气缸而被构成。这种系统使一个泵组件能够仅通过移除一个套筒并用可选的排量当量值替换该套筒而用于各种期望的排量。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种具有基部、凸轮、气缸、活塞和垫片夹的泵组件。凸轮绕着旋转轴线相对于基部旋转。气缸连接到基部,并具有用于流体的进入端口和出口。活塞被凸轮的旋转往复驱动以在填充行程期间通过进入端口将流体吸入到气缸中,和在泵送冲程期间关闭进入端口并将气缸中的流体朝向偏移位置泵送。垫片夹可移除地插入在气缸与基部之间以增加进入端口与旋转轴线之间的距离。
附图说明
图1是本发明的泵组件的立体图,所述泵组件包括凸轮、与凸轮接触的活塞、和活塞位于其内的气缸;
图2是图1的泵组件的剖视图;以及
图3是本发明的垫片夹的立体图。
具体实施方式
图1是泵组件10的立体图,其中泵组件10包括凸轮12、驱动轴14、活塞16(具有平直轴18和凸轮随动件20)、气缸22、端口24、基部26、活塞弹簧28、活塞弹簧托板30、出口32、储存器连接环36、以及垫片夹38。凸轮12是具有外圆周壁和偏心旋转轴线的盘,例如具有偏离圆的几何中心的旋转轴线的圆盘。驱动轴14是通过旋转轴线RA固定到凸轮12的可旋转轴。活塞16是倚靠在凸轮12上的刚性活塞。活塞16包括平直轴18和略微为圆形的凸轮随动件20。气缸22基本上是圆筒形管,所述圆筒形管保持活塞16,使得平直轴18形成对气缸22的内部的密封。气缸22以至少一个端口24为特征。如图所示,端口24是穿过气缸22的两侧的孔。基部26是固定驱动轴14和气缸22的刚性主体。在所述的实施例中,基部26是注射塑模塑料件,但是基部26通常可以是相对于驱动轴14固定气缸22的任意结构。气缸22通过螺纹连接到基部26中。在其它实施例中,气缸22可以以其它方式可移除地连接到基部26。活塞弹簧28在气缸22与活塞弹簧托板30之间延伸,所述活塞弹簧托板30是靠近凸轮随动件20安装在活塞16上的盘。气缸22包括出口32、用于诸如燃料、油或润滑脂的流体的排出点。出口32具有用于连接软管或管以输送流体的螺纹内表面。在可选的实施例中,软管或管可以以其它方式连接到出口32。流体储存器(未示出)在储存器连接环36处锚定在泵组件10的顶部处。与基部26一起,该储存器形成可以填充有流体的空间。
驱动轴14在动力下旋转以转动凸轮12。例如,驱动轴14可以从空气发动机或电动机在动力下旋转。当凸轮12绕着偏心旋转轴线RA转动,活塞弹簧28通过弹簧力将活塞16的凸轮随动件20保持在凸轮12的外圆周壁上。当凸轮12旋转时,凸轮12将力施加在活塞16上,从而压缩活塞弹簧28。当凸轮12继续旋转时,活塞弹簧28保持凸轮随动件20与凸轮12接触,同时凸轮12的外圆周壁退回。活塞16的平直轴18沿着活塞轴线PA(参见图2)往复行进通过由凸轮12驱动的气缸22。
来自锚定在储存器连接环36处的储存器的流体填充包围凸轮12、活塞16和气缸22的区域。当凸轮12转动时,活塞16沿着由气缸22限定的路径平移。在端口24闭合时,活塞16朝向左侧的运动在气缸22内建立真空空隙(参见图2)。当端口24打开时,该真空通过端口24将流体吸入到气缸22中。活塞16朝向右侧的运动驱动流体通过出口32从气缸22出来,从而将流体泵送出储存器。
垫片夹38是具有预定宽度的夹子,并且可以例如由模压金属形成。垫片夹38可以插入在气缸22与基部26之间,如图所示以调节端口24相对于凸轮12的位置。如以下相对于图2所述,插入或移除垫片夹38改变泵组件10的排量。泵组件10可以在任意适当的系统(例如,商业和工业润滑系统)中使用。
图2是泵组件10的通过图1的剖面线2-2的横截面图。图2示出了凸轮12、驱动轴14、活塞16(具有平直轴18、凸轮随动件20和活塞表面21)、气缸22、端口24、阀25、基部26、活塞弹簧28、活塞弹簧平台30、出口32、垫片夹38、塞42、阀弹簧44、和阀弹簧平台46。如相对于图1所述,驱动轴14旋转凸轮12,并锚定到基部26。活塞16在气缸22内滑动并由弹簧28保持在凸轮12上,从而沿着活塞轴线PA往复。气缸22具有端口24和出口32,其中流体通过所述端口24进入气缸22,流体通过所述出口32离开气缸22。另外,阀25形成气缸22内的密封件。阀25是包括塞42、塞弹簧44和塞弹簧平台46的提升阀。塞42是插塞形状并且塞42的尺寸被形成为当由阀弹簧44保持在适当的位置(如图所示)时抵靠流体通道密封气缸22。阀弹簧44是从塞42延伸到塞弹簧平台46并在没有其它力的情况下使塞42回复到密封位置的低强度弹簧。塞弹簧平台46包括允许流体通过弹簧平台46朝向出口32流动的孔或流体通道(未示出)。在一个实施例中,塞弹簧平台46被拧紧以装配到出口32中的螺纹中。气缸22的螺纹内部还允许在出口32处连接螺纹管和软管。
如先前所述,凸轮12的旋转沿着活塞轴线PA往复驱动活塞16。平直轴18有时阻塞端口24、关闭端口24并防止流体通过出口32离开气缸22。当活塞16在气缸22内从其最右伸出位置朝向左侧移动时,阀25密封气缸22,从而防止流体通过出口32离开密封件22。活塞16的移动建立活塞表面21与阀25的塞42之间的局部真空。阀25通过密封件弹簧44和真空保持在密封件中。活塞16朝向左侧的移动使平直轴18远离端口24缩回,从而不阻塞和打开端口24,使得流体可以进入气缸22。一旦端口24打开,真空被暴露给流体,所述流体通过抽吸被吸入到气缸22中,直到活塞16达到其最左侧位置为止。活塞16接着向右行进,从而通过端口24排出流体,直到端口24被活塞16的平直轴18阻塞为止。继续向右运动将压力施加在圈闭在活塞表面21与阀25的塞42之间的流体,从而打开阀25。活塞16从端口24到最右侧伸出位置的向右运动因此通过出口32将流体泵送出气缸22。凸轮12和活塞16的每一个周期排出的流体的总体积由端口24与活塞16的平直轴18的最右侧伸出位置之间的距离确定。
垫片夹38插入在气缸22与基部26之间,从而调节气缸22相对于凸轮12的位置,并因此调节端口24相对于凸轮12的位置,以及调节平直轴18的最右伸出长度。气缸22被拧紧,从而将垫片夹38保持在适当的位置。一个或多个规则尺寸的垫片夹38可以被插入以使气缸22从默认位置移位,从而与基部26齐平。可选地,垫片夹38可以以各种厚度被设置,从而以预定量调节气缸22的位置。插入气缸22与基部26之间的垫片夹38的数量和宽度确定端口24相对于凸轮12的位置。因此,可以分别通过移除或增加垫片夹38来增加或减少泵组件10的排量。可以在不完全从基部26缩回气缸22的情况下通过松开气缸22来增加或移除垫片夹38。当气缸22被松开时,气缸22与基部26之间的O形环保持密封。这允许在泵组件10含有流体的同时增加或移除垫片夹38,而不会产生任意泄漏。
图3是垫片夹38的立体图,垫片夹38包括指状部42、突出部44和槽46。垫片夹38是由刚性材料形成的简单元件,并且可以例如是由金属板模压的元件。垫片夹38被成形为与气缸22的外部的轮廓一致,并包括指状部42,所述指状部42能够搭扣到气缸22上,使得在气缸22可以通过螺纹连接到基部26中之前垫片夹38不会与气缸22分离,从而更加彻底地固定垫片38。指状部42通过弹簧力将垫片夹保持在气缸22上的适当位置。垫片夹38可以包括用于易于插入或移除的突出部44和用于连接系索或夹钳使得垫片夹38在不使用时不会丢失的槽46。槽46还被设计成允许平头螺丝刀的插入以移除垫片夹38。
通过允许调节气缸22相对于凸轮12的位置,本发明能够在不需要昂贵的诸如替换气缸或活塞的备用部件的情况下调节泵组件10的排量。通过插入或移除垫片夹38调节气缸22的位置。垫片夹38被快速且容易地插入或移除,并且制造简单廉价。另外,可以在不需要完全缩回气缸22的情况下插入或移除垫片夹38,从而即使在流体同时存在于泵组件10中时也能够在不产生泄漏的情况下调节泵组件10的排量。
虽然已经参照示例性实施例(一个或多个)说明了本发明,但是本领域的技术人员要理解的是在不背离本发明的保护范围的情况下,可以进行各种改变,并且可以用等效形式代替本发明的元件。另外,在不背离本发明的实质保护范围的情况下,可以进行许多修改以使特定状况或材料适应本发明的教导。因此,目的是本发明不限于所公开的具体实施例(一个或多个),而是本发明将包括落入所附权利要求的保护范围内的所有实施例。
Claims (18)
1.一种泵组件,包括:
基部;
凸轮,所述凸轮绕着旋转轴线相对于所述基部旋转;
气缸,所述气缸连接到所述基部,所述气缸包括:
进入端口,流体在所述进入端口进入所述气缸;和
出口,流体在所述出口离开所述气缸;
活塞,所述活塞通过所述凸轮的旋转被往复驱动以在填充行程期间通过所述进入端口将流体吸入到所述气缸中和在泵送冲程期间关闭所述进入端口并将所述气缸中的流体朝向所述出口泵送;和
垫片夹,所述垫片夹能够移除地插入在所述气缸与所述基部之间以增加所述进入端口与所述旋转轴线之间的距离。
2.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,将所述垫片夹插入在所述气缸与所述基部之间减小所述凸轮每转一圈时由所述泵组件泵送的流体体积。
3.根据权利要求2所述的泵组件,其中,将所述垫片夹插入在所述气缸与所述基部之间不会改变所述活塞的行进距离。
4.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,所述流体是润滑脂或油。
5.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,所述凸轮是圆形的,并具有从所述凸轮的旋转轴线移位的几何中心。
6.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,所述气缸拧到所述基部中。
7.根据权利要求6所述的泵组件,其中,所述气缸通过螺纹连接到所述基部中以锚定所述垫片夹。
8.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,所述垫片夹具有预先确定的厚度以将由所述泵组件泵送的所述流体体积减小已知的量。
9.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,所述垫片夹包括指状部,所述指状部绕所述气缸延伸并绕着所述气缸搭扣在适当的位置以通过弹簧力将所述垫片夹保持在适当的位置。
10.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,所述垫片夹包括突出部,所述突出部用于在所述气缸与所述基部之间插入或移除所述垫片夹。
11.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,所述突出部具有矩形槽,所述矩形槽容纳用于移除所述垫片夹的平头螺丝刀。
12.根据权利要求1所述的泵组件,其中,多个垫片夹插入在所述气缸与所述基部之间,每一个垫片夹有助于在凸轮每转一圈时由所述泵组件泵送的流体体积减小预定量。
13.一种用于调节活塞泵的流体排量的方法,所述活塞泵包括泵基部、相对于所述泵基部绕着旋转轴线旋转的凸轮、能够紧固到所述泵基部并具有入口和出口的气缸以及可在所述气缸中往复移动并由所述凸轮驱动的活塞,所述方法包括以下步骤:
从所述泵基部松开所述气缸;
在所述气缸与所述泵基部之间插入或移除垫片夹以调节所述入口与所述旋转轴线之间的距离;以及
将所述气缸拧紧在所述泵基部上。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中,所述泵基部和所述气缸通过螺纹连接,并且松开和拧紧所述气缸的步骤包括分别拧松和螺纹连接气缸。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,所述垫片夹包括指状部,所述指状部在所述气缸周围通过弹簧力进行夹持,使得所述垫片夹保持在所述气缸与所述泵基部之间的适当位置,直到通过将所述气缸拧紧在所述泵基部上而被固定为止。
16.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中,松开所述气缸不会破坏所述气缸与所述泵基部之间的密封,从而避免泄漏。
17.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中,将所述气缸拧紧在所述泵基部上将所述垫片夹保持在所述气缸与所述泵基部之间。
18.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中,插入垫片夹增加所述旋转轴线与所述入口之间的距离,从而减小在所述凸轮每转一圈时由所述泵组件泵送的流体体积。
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WO2011146125A2 (en) * | 2010-05-19 | 2011-11-24 | Graco Minnesota Inc. | Removable shim clip for adjustable piston pump |
DE102013200548A1 (de) * | 2013-01-16 | 2014-07-17 | Continental Teves Ag & Co. Ohg | Kolbenpumpe |
DE102013017944A1 (de) * | 2013-10-29 | 2015-04-30 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Klopfregelung bei einem Kolbenverdichter |
US20230220838A1 (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2023-07-13 | Hyundai Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. | Gas supply pump for ship dual fuel engine |
USD994480S1 (en) * | 2022-01-07 | 2023-08-08 | Grizzly Coolers Llc | Door shim |
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EP2572107A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
US9388696B2 (en) | 2016-07-12 |
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EP2572107A2 (en) | 2013-03-27 |
US20160281706A1 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
AU2011256842A1 (en) | 2013-01-10 |
BR112012029260A2 (pt) | 2017-12-05 |
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US20130061745A1 (en) | 2013-03-14 |
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EP2572107B1 (en) | 2018-11-21 |
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WO2011146125A3 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
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WO2011146125A2 (en) | 2011-11-24 |
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