CN102939892A - Method for preparing organic seedling-raising lightweight medium by taking pinus kesiya barks as raw materials - Google Patents
Method for preparing organic seedling-raising lightweight medium by taking pinus kesiya barks as raw materials Download PDFInfo
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- CN102939892A CN102939892A CN2012104982908A CN201210498290A CN102939892A CN 102939892 A CN102939892 A CN 102939892A CN 2012104982908 A CN2012104982908 A CN 2012104982908A CN 201210498290 A CN201210498290 A CN 201210498290A CN 102939892 A CN102939892 A CN 102939892A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing an organic seedling-raising lightweight medium by taking pinus kesiya barks as raw materials, which comprises the following steps of: crushing the pinus kesiya barks, piling the obtained barks into a stack body, and watering the stack body, so that the moisture content of the barks reaches 55-60%; after adding urea, sheep manures, chicken manures, pre-fermented EM fungi and pre-fermented enzymes bacteria into the stack body, carrying out decayed fermentation on the barks; when the temperature of the stack body reaches 50-70 DEG C and lasts for 10 days, turning the stack body, and then carrying out stack turning once every 10 days so as to obtain decayed pinus kesiya barks; and after the decayed pinus kesiya barks are dried and the moisture content is 8-12%, crushing the barks again, thereby obtaining the organic seedling-raising lightweight medium prepared by taking pinus kesiya barks as raw materials. An obtained product is similar to peat soil, and the contents of organic matters and nutrients of the product are greater than those of peat soil, therefore, the product is good in fertility; and a replacing way is provided for protecting a non-renewable natural resource peat soil and wetland environments.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material, belong to the plant resources utilization technical field.
Background technology
Light seedling raising organic group mass-energy promotion agriculture and forestry are grown seedlings and are transformed to industrialized production by natural planting patterns, can reach water-saving, economize effect fertile, the saving of labor, it is few to impel plant strain growth stalwartness, damage by disease and insect to occur, and can reduce the pollution of fertilizer and pesticide, the clean health of the agriculture and forestry product that obtains, quality better.Its major advantage is as follows: at first, because light suitable, the good permeability of matrix porosity, the growth of plant seedlings root is freely unfolded, and does not twine mutually and nest root phenomenon; Root system and light matrix weave in form root ball, can keep long-distance transport and the group that do not fall apart, and do not need slow seedling after the transplanting, can significantly shorten Seedling Stage, improve biomass.Secondly, light matrix is rich in organic matter, for the microorganisms such as root fungus provide abundant nutrition, can produce plurality of enzymes and hormone simultaneously, can improve the resistance of seedling when promoting root growth, especially suit under difficult land occupation conditions such as coast protection forest and desert afforestation, to improve survival rate of plant.Again, light matrix weight is 1/4th of equal volume soil only usually, is convenient to the seedling transportation, Cost reduction.Therefore, light matrix is widely used at present flowers, vegetables, economic crops, fruit tree, gardens seedling, roof greening etc. and grows seedlings, and has significantly promoted the commercialization of nursery stock.
Yet at present the most normal use, in great demand organic light matrix---peat soil belongs to natural non-renewable resources, and it forms needs special wetland condition and very long process.Because " kidney of the earth "---Wetland Environment has irreplaceable ecological functions, also extensive all the more to its protection, the exploitation of peat soil also is restricted, and price is day by day soaring.Corresponding is that agriculture and forestry organic waste material is cheap, material is extensive, physicochemical property is stable in batches, can be used as the preferred material of processing organic substrate, but but is not utilized well with it.
Pinus khasys is concentrated and is distributed in south, Yunnan Province subtropical and tropical zones, and natural regeneration is good, flies seed and grows into forest; Its growth is rapid, and trunk is perfectly straight, seldom distortion, and the timber distortion is little, and texture is straight, and easily processing is important commerical tree species.Since 2008 along with the forest culture and management mode is optimized in major forest areas and forest products base, more large-scale promotion large-area fast growing forest plantation, make the present resource area of Yunnan Province reach 67.2 * 10
4Hm
2, material accumulation 6139.79 * 10
4m
3About 500,000 m that annual converted timber produces
3Cortex Pini kesiyae to be burnt, and causes atmospheric pollution; Or heap is abandoned the ash content that only is decomposed to form surplus inanimate matter naturally, loses value, causes the wasting of resources.If be used for processing the raw material supplying that organic Light medium then can be used as resource abundance, stay in grade, cheapness, produce more multiple-effect benefit, and Cortex Pini kesiyae is had no report as the light-duty organic seedling raising matrix of Raw material processing.
Summary of the invention
Be not used in the problems such as the light-duty organic seedling raising matrix of processing for solving agriculture and forestry organic waste material, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material.
The present invention realizes by following technical proposal: a kind of preparation method of the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material is characterized in that through following each step:
(1) Cortex Pini kesiyae being crushed to granularity is 6～8cm, amount by Cortex Pini kesiyae per ton, add in Cortex Pini kesiyae: urea 10～30kg, sheep excrement 30～50kg, chicken manure 30～50kg, EM bacterium 0.15～0.35kg, ferment bacterium 40～60g rick behind the mixing;
(2) the buttress of step (1) water reach 55～60% to the bark water content after, allow the bark fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, when the buttress temperature reach 50～70 ℃ and continue 10 days after, turning, turned over buttress once in per 10 days afterwards, until the fermentation 45～60 days of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the Cortex Pini kesiyae after obtaining becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(3) step (2) is obtained become thoroughly decomposed after Cortex Pini kesiyae dry be 8～12% to water content after, pulverize, namely obtain the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material.
Height of embankment in the described step (1) is that 0.5～1.5m, the wide 1.5～2.5m of being of buttress, buttress length are 6～8m, and punches at each face interval of buttress, for ventilative, and at buttress loam cake gauze, carries out the fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed of bark.
The EM bacterium of described step (1) is the EM bacterium of fermenting in advance by following method: EM bacterium and the sucrose mass ratio by 1 ︰ 10～20 is mixed, and the solid-to-liquid ratio by 1 ︰ 2～5 adds water again, then at room temperature ferments 10～20 days.
The ferment bacterium of described step (1) is the ferment bacterium of fermenting in advance by following method: ferment bacterium and starch after the mass ratio mixing by 1 ︰ 8～12, were at room temperature fermented 10～20 days.
The bake out temperature of described step (3) is 50～60 ℃, avoids excess Temperature to affect physicochemical property and nutrient content.
Cortex Pini kesiyae is after wood-working factory carries out the peeling preliminary working to the pinus khasys raw material, remaining bark waste.
The present invention carries out oxidation and organic decomposition with multiple-microorganism (photosynthetic bacteria group, lactobacillus, yeast flora, actinomycete group, thread flora etc.) acting in conjunction to vegetative fiber; And the fermentation of under uniform temperature, damp condition, becoming thoroughly decomposed, allow and between micropopulation and Cortex Pini kesiyae biochemical reaction occurs, and the manual control attenuation degree is to form organic substrate, participate in by the aerobic in the fermentation process that becomes thoroughly decomposed simultaneously, avoided anaerobic fermentation generation peculiar smell and excessive fermentation to change fertilizer into, in digest process, aldehydes matter harmful in the bark raw material is progressively degraded, active beneficial flora has suppressed the growth of pathogenic microorganism, and the heat that fermentation produces can also deactivation insect ovum and weed seed.
The present invention possesses advantage and effect: the physicochemical property of the light matrix of gained organic raising seedling of the present invention is similar to peat soil, and organic and nutrient content is greater than peat soil, and fertility is good; Alternative peat soil is as being suitable for the organic light matrix that commodity trees, economic crops and flower seedling raising are used; Also can be directly as seedling medium, or the inorganic material such as arrange in pairs or groups as required perlite, vermiculite are used.The present invention utilizes the resourceful Cortex Pini kesiyae in forest producing region, south, Yunnan Province; but mass production is suitable for the organic light matrix that commodity trees, economic crops and flower seedling raising are used, and provides alternative route for protecting non-renewable natural resources peat soil and Wetland Environment.
Embodiment
The present invention will be further described below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1
(1) Cortex Pini kesiyae being crushed to granularity is 6cm, amount by Cortex Pini kesiyae per ton, in Cortex Pini kesiyae, add: urea 20kg, sheep excrement 40kg, chicken manure 40kg, EM bacterium 0.25kg, ferment bacterium 50g, pile again the buttress body of high 1m, wide 2m, long 8m, and in each the face interval punching of buttress body, increase and breathe freely, and the lid gauze; Wherein, the EM bacterium is fermented in advance by following method: being that 1 ︰ 15 mixes in mass ratio with EM bacterium and sucrose, is that 1 ︰ 3 adds entry by solid-to-liquid ratio again, then at room temperature ferments 15 days; Ferment bacterium is fermented in advance by following method: be that 1 ︰ 9 mixes in mass ratio with ferment bacterium and starch, at room temperature fermented 15 days again;
(2) the buttress of step (1) water reach 60% to the bark water content after, the fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, when the buttress temperature reach 60 ℃ and continue 10 days after, turning, turning in per 10 days afterwards once, until the fermentation 60 days of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the Cortex Pini kesiyae after obtaining becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(3) step (2) is obtained become thoroughly decomposed after Cortex Pini kesiyae in dry under 60 ℃ be 12% to water content after, being crushed to granularity is 1～5mm again, namely obtains the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material.Through check, physicochemical property and nutrient content see the following form:
Embodiment 2
(1) Cortex Pini kesiyae being crushed to granularity is 7cm, amount by Cortex Pini kesiyae per ton, in Cortex Pini kesiyae, add: urea 30kg, sheep excrement 30kg, chicken manure 50kg, EM bacterium 0.35kg, ferment bacterium 40g, pile again the buttress of high 0.5m, wide 1.5m, long 7m, and each face interval punching of piling up neatly, increase and breathe freely, and the lid gauze; Wherein, the EM bacterium is fermented in advance by following method: being that 1 ︰ 20 mixes in mass ratio with EM bacterium and sucrose, is that 1 ︰ 2 adds entry by solid-to-liquid ratio again, then at room temperature ferments 20 days; Ferment bacterium is fermented in advance by following method: be that 1 ︰ 8 mixes in mass ratio with ferment bacterium and starch, at room temperature fermented 10 days again;
(2) the buttress of step (1) water reach 58% to the bark water content after, the fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, when the buttress temperature reach 50 ℃ and continue 10 days after, turning, turning in per 10 days afterwards once, until the fermentation 50 days of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the Cortex Pini kesiyae after obtaining becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(3) step (2) is obtained become thoroughly decomposed after Cortex Pini kesiyae in dry under 55 ℃ be 10% to water content after, being crushed to granularity is 1～5mm again, namely obtains the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material.Through check, physicochemical property and nutrient content see the following form:
Embodiment 3
(1) Cortex Pini kesiyae being crushed to granularity is 8cm, amount by Cortex Pini kesiyae per ton, in Cortex Pini kesiyae, add: urea 10kg, sheep excrement 50kg, chicken manure 30kg, EM bacterium 0.15kg, ferment bacterium 60g, pile again the buttress of high 1.5m, wide 2.5m, long 6m, and each face interval punching of piling up neatly, increase and breathe freely, and the lid gauze; Wherein, the EM bacterium is fermented in advance by following method: being that 1 ︰ 10 mixes in mass ratio with EM bacterium and sucrose, is that 1 ︰ 5 adds entry by solid-to-liquid ratio again, then at room temperature ferments 10 days; Ferment bacterium is fermented in advance by following method: be that 1 ︰ 12 mixes in mass ratio with ferment bacterium and starch, at room temperature fermented 20 days again;
(2) the buttress of step (1) water reach 55% to the bark water content after, the fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, when the buttress temperature reach 70 ℃ and continue 10 days after, turning, turning in per 10 days afterwards once, until the fermentation 45 days of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the Cortex Pini kesiyae after obtaining becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(3) step (2) is obtained become thoroughly decomposed after Cortex Pini kesiyae in dry under 50 ℃ be 8% to water content after, being crushed to granularity is 1～5mm again, namely obtains the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material.Through check, physicochemical property and nutrient content see the following form:
Below by the contrast experiment, prove the present invention's effect.
Comparative Examples 1: cultivate commodity trees seal chinaberry seedling with conventional peat growing medium, used rear 2 months, the average individual plant growth indexes of seal chinaberry seedling is: leading thread 0.35cm, plant height 19cm, hat width of cloth 13cm.
Test example 1: cultivate commodity trees seal chinaberry seedling with the light matrix of organic raising seedling of the embodiment of the invention 2, used rear 2 months, the average individual plant growth indexes of seal chinaberry seedling is: leading thread 0.4cm, plant height 22cm, hat width of cloth 14cm.
Comparative Examples 2: cultivate commodity trees Moringa seedling with conventional peat growing medium, used rear 2 months, the average individual plant growth indexes of Moringa seedling is: leading thread 1.9cm, plant height 80cm, hat width of cloth 62cm.
Test example 2: the light matrix of organic raising seedling with the embodiment of the invention 2 is cultivated commodity trees Moringa seedling, uses rear 2 months, and the average individual plant growth indexes of Moringa seedling is: leading thread 2.2cm, plant height 95cm, hat width of cloth 70cm.
Comparative Examples 3: cultivate economic crops rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis cuttage seeding with conventional peat growing medium, used rear 2 months, the average individual plant growth indexes of rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis cuttage seeding is: plant height 28cm, hat width of cloth 14cm, biomass (fresh weight) 14g.
Test example 3: the light matrix of organic raising seedling with the embodiment of the invention 2 is cultivated economic crops rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis cuttage seeding, uses rear 2 months, and the average individual plant growth indexes of rosemary, Xue MingRosma rinus officinalis cuttage seeding is: plant height 32cm, hat width of cloth 15cm, biomass (fresh weight) 16g.
Conclusion: the present invention compares with conventional peat growing medium, and fertility is good, can promote the growth of seedling of different plants, makes seedling stage every growth indexes exceed 7-15%.
Claims (5)
1. the preparation method of the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material is characterized in that through following each step:
(1) Cortex Pini kesiyae being crushed to granularity is 6～8cm, amount by Cortex Pini kesiyae per ton, add in Cortex Pini kesiyae: urea 10～30kg, sheep excrement 30～50kg, chicken manure 30～50kg, EM bacterium 0.15～0.35kg, ferment bacterium 40～60g rick behind the mixing;
(2) the buttress of step (1) water reach 55～60% to the bark water content after, allow the bark fermentation of becoming thoroughly decomposed, when the buttress temperature reach 50～70 ℃ and continue 10 days after, turn over buttress, turned over buttress once in per 10 days afterwards, until the fermentation 45～60 days of becoming thoroughly decomposed, the Cortex Pini kesiyae after obtaining becoming thoroughly decomposed;
(3) step (2) is obtained become thoroughly decomposed after Cortex Pini kesiyae dry be 8～12% to water content after, pulverize, namely obtain the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material.
2. the preparation method of the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the height of embankment in the described step (1) is that 0.5～1.5m, the wide 1.5～2.5m of being of buttress, buttress length are 6～8m.
3. the preparation method of the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the EM bacterium of described step (1) is the EM bacterium of fermenting in advance by following method: EM bacterium and the sucrose mass ratio by 1 ︰ 10～20 is mixed, solid-to-liquid ratio by 1 ︰ 2～5 adds water again, then at room temperature ferments 10～20 days.
4. the preparation method of the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the ferment bacterium of described step (1) is the ferment bacterium of fermenting in advance by following method: ferment bacterium and starch after the mass ratio mixing by 1 ︰ 8～12, were at room temperature fermented 10～20 days.
5. the preparation method of the light matrix of organic raising seedling take Cortex Pini kesiyae as raw material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the bake out temperature of described step (3) is 50～60 ℃.
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Cited By (10)
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| CN103288499A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-11 | 菏泽学院 | Organic ecological seedling cultivating pot and preparation method thereof |
| CN103319232A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-25 | 菏泽学院 | Purely natural organic nutritional matrix and preparation method thereof |
| CN103340139A (en) * | 2013-06-22 | 2013-10-09 | 福建省顺昌县德爱生物精细材料有限公司 | Method for utilizing cedar barks to produce soilless culture substrates |
| CN103755432A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-04-30 | 太仓立成再生能源有限公司 | Organic matrix produced from pine bark as raw material and manufacturing technique thereof |
| CN105037009A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-11 | 张跃春 | Melon and fruit matrix nutrient soil and preparing method thereof |
| CN105110825A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 云南省烟草公司普洱市公司 | Organic light seedling medium, and preparation method thereof |
| CN107266137A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-10-20 | 湖州壤之沃生物技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation technology of loose squama degreasing |
| CN107602179A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-01-19 | 广西金穗生态科技股份有限公司 | Eucalyptus barks recycling high-value utilization process |
| CN109496783A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2019-03-22 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of bamboo bamboo container nursery Light media |
| CN111727846A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-02 | 施可得园艺有限公司 | Decomposed pine bark and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103288499A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-11 | 菏泽学院 | Organic ecological seedling cultivating pot and preparation method thereof |
| CN103319232A (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2013-09-25 | 菏泽学院 | Purely natural organic nutritional matrix and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103340139A (en) * | 2013-06-22 | 2013-10-09 | 福建省顺昌县德爱生物精细材料有限公司 | Method for utilizing cedar barks to produce soilless culture substrates |
| CN103755432A (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2014-04-30 | 太仓立成再生能源有限公司 | Organic matrix produced from pine bark as raw material and manufacturing technique thereof |
| CN105110825A (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2015-12-02 | 云南省烟草公司普洱市公司 | Organic light seedling medium, and preparation method thereof |
| CN105037009A (en) * | 2015-08-31 | 2015-11-11 | 张跃春 | Melon and fruit matrix nutrient soil and preparing method thereof |
| CN109496783A (en) * | 2016-01-12 | 2019-03-22 | 西南林业大学 | A kind of bamboo bamboo container nursery Light media |
| CN107266137A (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2017-10-20 | 湖州壤之沃生物技术有限公司 | A kind of preparation technology of loose squama degreasing |
| CN107602179A (en) * | 2017-08-23 | 2018-01-19 | 广西金穗生态科技股份有限公司 | Eucalyptus barks recycling high-value utilization process |
| CN111727846A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-10-02 | 施可得园艺有限公司 | Decomposed pine bark and preparation method thereof |
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