CN102925079B - 一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN102925079B
CN102925079B CN2012104894663A CN201210489466A CN102925079B CN 102925079 B CN102925079 B CN 102925079B CN 2012104894663 A CN2012104894663 A CN 2012104894663A CN 201210489466 A CN201210489466 A CN 201210489466A CN 102925079 B CN102925079 B CN 102925079B
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薛为岚
赵萍
李哲龙
朱万育
曾作祥
高旭
刘娟
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Tianyang New Material Shanghai Technology Co ltd
East China University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法，包括以下步骤：先将2,6-萘二甲酸与乙二醇，钛系催化剂以一定的配比先后经酯化、缩聚反应，合成得重均分子量为15000~20000的聚酯PNT，然后在增容剂的作用下与低密度聚乙烯进行熔融共混，得到标的产品热熔胶。由该热熔胶制成的膜具有透光率高，力学性能、耐热性能和抗黄变性能优良，特别适用于太阳能电池汇流板。

Description

一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法，特别是一种具有优良耐候性的太阳能电池汇流板用热熔胶的制备方法。 
背景技术
汇流条板亦称层压汇流条，是一种多层层压结构的功率模块电连接部件，具有可重复电气性能﹑低感抗﹑抗干扰﹑可靠性好﹑节省空间等特点。随着变流技术的发展和变流器模块化的趋势，汇流条板产品作为功率转换装置部件，逐步被广泛应用。近年来，特别是随着太阳能电池的推广应用，汇流板用热熔胶的需求更加迫切。其要求是透光率在93％~94％，熔点范围在层压温度140℃以下，力学性能和耐热性能较好，耐热氧老化黄变指数（ΔYI）控制在0.3左右。 
低密度聚乙烯，简称LDPE，是目前最常用的高分子材料之一，无臭，无毒,手感似蜡,具有优良的耐低温性能，其最低使用温度可达-70～-100℃,化学稳定性好,能耐大多数酸碱的侵蚀,电绝缘性能优良，大量用作薄膜产品，注塑制品，但是LDPE对于环境应力是很敏感的，力学性能和耐热老化性差。而聚萘二甲酸乙二醇酯，简称PNT，是一种力学性能和耐候性能极为优越的聚酯树脂，但是其熔点较高，给一些特殊行业的应用带来了限制。因此，通过物理共混的方法，通过添加增容剂，改变PNT与LDPE不相容的特点，从而得到高性能化的适用于汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶。 
专利CN101628999A公开了以PE废弃塑料原料和配制好的改性剂，通过共混加工合成了质量达到或近似PE全新料品质的产品；专利CN101121792A公开了一种臭氧氧化提高EVA/PE共混发泡材料性能的方法，得到EVA/PE共混复合物；文献中对PE的物理共混改性研究有很多，如以PP，PC，PBT等改性PE，都可以提高PE的环境应力性能及力学性能。 
以上专利文献中所述共混改性PE中，虽然改性后PE性能得到很大的改善，但是还没有达到汇流板用热熔胶的性能要求,本专利将所合成的具有较低分子量的PNT与LDPE共混，制备了适用于太阳能电池汇流板的聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶。 
发明内容
本发明提供了一种汇流板用热熔胶的制备方法，包括如下步骤： 
（1）依次将2,6-萘二甲酸﹑乙二醇及钛系催化剂按照一定比例加入装有温度计、搅拌器和回流冷凝器的三口烧瓶中进行常压酯化反应，反应温度200℃~245℃，当反应生成的水为理论量的92%~96%时，酯化反应结束； 
（2）在真空下进行缩聚反应得到重均分子量为16000~20000的聚酯PNT，反应温度为245℃～265℃，压力为500Pa～650Pa，反应时间为1.3h~1.8h； 
（3）将步骤（2）所得聚酯PNT、增容剂和LDPE进行熔融共混，即得太阳能电池汇流板用热熔胶； 
所述2,6-萘二甲酸和乙二醇的摩尔比为1:1.8； 
以热熔胶总重量为基准，所述聚酯PNT、LDPE和增容剂的重量百分比分别为4.7%～14%、78%～89%和5.7%~8.2%； 
所述LDPE为熔融指数2.0~3.0g/10min/190℃的低密度聚乙烯。所述增容剂为马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯，其接枝率为1.0~2.0%，熔融指数为2.0~3.0g/10min/190℃。 
所述钛系催化剂为钛酸四丁酯或钛酸四乙酯中的一种，其用量为二元酸和二元醇总重量的0.045%～0.055%。 
本发明的创新点在于：合成的较低重均分子量的PNT（16000~20000）为改性组份，并且选用马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯为增容剂，将LDPE和上述合成的PNT及增容剂熔融共混，得到了拥有优良的力学性能和耐热性能及耐候性能的聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶，适合用作太阳能电池汇流板。 
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例对本发明进一步阐述，但本发明并非局限于这些实施例。 
实施例1 
将179.4g2,6-萘二甲酸与120.6g乙二醇投入1L反应釜中，加入钛酸四丁酯催化剂0.045%，进行常压酯化反应，反应温度控制在200～242℃，当反应生成的水为理论量的93%时，酯化反应结束；随后抽真空减压进行缩聚反应，反应压力为500Pa，反应温度控制在243~263℃，反应1.8h后，用GPC法测得重均分子量为18000，停止反应，得聚酯PNT。将上述合成的PNT在熔融状态下，加入熔融指数为2.0g/10min/190℃的LDPE，并以接枝率为1.0%、熔融指数为2.0g/10min/190℃的马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯为增容剂进行熔融共混，其中聚酯PNT、LDPE和增容剂的重量百分比为4.7:89:6.3，待混和均匀后，出料，即得太阳能电池汇流板用热熔胶，并热压成膜，得试样P1。 
实施例2 
将179.4g2,6-萘二甲酸与120.6g乙二醇投入1L反应釜中，加入钛酸四乙酯催化剂0.051%，进行常压酯化反应，反应温度控制在202~243℃，当反应生成的水为理论量的92%时，酯化反应结束；随后抽真空减压进行缩聚反应，反应压力为550Pa，反应温度控制在242~265℃，反应1.5h后，用GPC法测得重均分子量为16000，停止反应，得聚酯PNT。将上述合成的 PNT在熔融状态下，加入熔融指数为3.0g/10min/190℃的LDPE，并以接枝率为2.0%、熔融指数为2.0g/10min/190℃的马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯为增容剂进行熔融共混，其中聚酯PNT、低密度聚乙烯和增容剂的重量百分比为7.3:87:5.7，待混和均匀后，出料，即得太阳能电池汇流板用热熔胶，并热压成膜，得试样P2。 
实施例3 
将179.4g2,6-萘二甲酸与120.6g乙二醇投入1L反应釜中，加入钛酸四乙酯催化剂0.049%，进行常压酯化反应，反应温度控制在203~245℃，当反应生成的水为理论量的96%时，酯化反应结束；随后抽真空减压进行缩聚反应，反应压力为660Pa，反应温度控制在245~262℃，反应1.7h后，用GPC法测得重均分子量为17000，停止反应，得聚酯PNT。将上述合成的PNT在熔融状态下，加入熔融指数为2.6g/10min/190℃的LDPE，并以接枝率为1.0%、熔融指数为3.0g/10min/190℃的马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯为增容剂进行熔融共混，其中聚酯PNT、LDPE和增容剂的重量百分比为10.8:81:8.2，待混和均匀后，出料，即得太阳能电池汇流板用热熔胶，并热压成膜，得试样P3。 
实施例4 
将179.4g2,6-萘二甲酸与120.6g乙二醇投入1L反应釜中，加入钛酸四丁酯催化剂0.055%，进行常压酯化反应，反应温度控制在201~244℃，当反应生成的水为理论量的94%时，酯化反应结束；随后抽真空减压进行缩聚反应，反应压力为600Pa，反应温度控制在244~264℃，反应1.3h后，用GPC法测得重均分子量为20000，停止反应，得聚酯PNT。将上述合成的PNT在熔融状态下，加入熔融指数为3.0g/10min/190℃的LDPE，并以接枝率为1.5%、熔融指数为2.0g/10min/190℃的马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯为增容剂进行熔融共混，其中聚酯PNT、LDPE和增容剂的重量百分比为14.0:78:8.0，待混和均匀后，出料，即得太阳能电池汇流板用热熔胶，并热压成膜，得试样P4。 
对上述各个试样进行DSC测试，光透过率测试和耐热氧老化后的黄变指数测试。耐热氧老化后的黄变指数（ΔYI）按GB2409-80《塑料黄变指数实验方法》进行测试，见下表： 
表1实施例1-4所制备的试样各项测试结果 
试样 DCS测得的熔点(℃) 透光率(％) 耐热氧老化黄变指数(ΔYI)
P1 109 95 0.30
P2 108 94 0.31
P3 110 94 0.29
P4 112 93 0.30
[0027] 

Claims (2)

1.一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法，其特征在于包括如下步骤 ：
（1）依次将2,6- 萘二甲酸﹑乙二醇及钛系催化剂按照一定比例加入装有温度计、搅拌器和回流冷凝器的三口烧瓶中进行常压酯化反应，反应温度 200℃ ~245℃，当反应生成的水为理论量的 92%~96% 时，酯化反应结束 ；
（2）在真空下进行缩聚反应得到重均分子量为 16000~20000 的聚酯 PEN，反应温度为245℃～ 265℃，压力为 500Pa ～ 650Pa，反应时间为 1.3h~1.8h ；
（3）将步骤（2）所得聚酯PEN、增容剂和 LDPE 进行熔融共混，即得太阳能电池汇流板用热熔胶 ；
所述2,6- 萘二甲酸和乙二醇的摩尔比为 1:1.8 ；
以热熔胶总重量为基准，所述聚酯 PEN、LDPE 和增容剂的重量百分比分别为 4.7% ～14%、78% ～ 89% 和 5.7%~8.2% ；
所述 LDPE 为熔融指数 2.0~3.0g/10min/190℃的低密度聚乙烯；
所述增容剂为马来酸酐接枝低密度聚乙烯，其接枝率为 1.0~2.0%，熔融指数为2.0~3.0g/10min/190℃。
2.按照权利要求1所述方法，其特征在于钛系催化剂为钛酸四丁酯或钛酸四乙酯中的一种，其用量为二元酸和二元醇总重量的0.045% ～ 0.055%。
CN2012104894663A 2012-11-27 2012-11-27 一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法 Active CN102925079B (zh)

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CN2012104894663A CN102925079B (zh) 2012-11-27 2012-11-27 一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法
PCT/CN2013/085891 WO2014063646A1 (zh) 2012-11-27 2013-10-24 一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法
SG11201402519YA SG11201402519YA (en) 2012-11-27 2013-10-24 Method for preparation of polyester/polyolefin hot-melt adhesive for use in a solar cell bus bar
KR1020147017422A KR101614125B1 (ko) 2012-11-27 2013-10-24 태양전지 버스 보드용 폴리에스테르/폴리올레핀 복합 핫 멜트 접착제의 제조방법
AU2013337195A AU2013337195B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2013-10-24 Method for preparing polyester/polyolefin composite hot melt glue used for solar cell bus board
US14/358,667 US9206339B2 (en) 2012-11-27 2013-10-24 Method for preparation of polyester/polyolefin hot-melt adhesive for use in a solar cell bus bar

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CN102925079B (zh) 2012-11-27 2013-11-27 上海天洋热熔胶有限公司 一种太阳能电池汇流板用聚酯/聚烯烃复合热熔胶的制备方法
CN106995674A (zh) * 2017-05-15 2017-08-01 卡姆丹克太阳能（江苏）有限公司 一种MoSe2‑石墨烯共改性的PEN光伏组件封装胶膜
CN107129765A (zh) * 2017-05-15 2017-09-05 卡姆丹克太阳能（江苏）有限公司 一种MoSe2‑石墨烯共改性的PMMA光伏组件封装胶膜
CN111094231B (zh) * 2017-07-12 2022-11-18 Sabic环球技术有限责任公司 生产二羧酸双羟亚烷基酯的方法
CN113024782A (zh) * 2020-12-30 2021-06-25 苏州福斯特光伏材料有限公司 用于制作铝塑膜用胶黏剂的聚酯树脂及其制备方法与应用

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